The laws of most jurisdictions throughout the world automatically
confer exclusive Copyright and Related Rights (defined below) upon the
creator and subsequent owner(s) (each and all, an "owner") of an
original work of authorship and/or a database (each, a "Work")

Certain owners wish to permanently relinquish those rights to a Work
for the purpose of contributing to a commons of creative, cultural and
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fear of later claims of infringement build upon, modify, incorporate
in other works, reuse and redistribute as freely as possible in any
form whatsoever and for any purposes, including without limitation
commercial purposes. These owners may contribute to the Commons to
promote the ideal of a free culture and the further production of
creative, cultural and scientific works, or to gain reputation or
greater distribution for their Work in part through the use and
efforts of others.

For these and/or other purposes and motivations, and without any
expectation of additional consideration or compensation, the person
associating CC0 with a Work (the "Affirmer"), to the extent that he or
she is an owner of Copyright and Related Rights in the Work,
voluntarily elects to apply CC0 to the Work and publicly distribute
the Work under its terms, with knowledge of his or her Copyright and
Related Rights in the Work and the meaning and intended legal effect
of CC0 on those rights.

1. Copyright and Related Rights. A Work made available under CC0 may
   be protected by copyright and related or neighboring rights
   ("Copyright and Related Rights"). Copyright and Related Rights
   include, but are not limited to, the following:

   1. the right to reproduce, adapt, distribute, perform, display,
      communicate, and translate a Work;
   2. moral rights retained by the original author(s) and/or
      performer(s);
   3. publicity and privacy rights pertaining to a person's image
      or likeness depicted in a Work;
   4. rights protecting against unfair competition in regards to a
      Work, subject to the limitations in paragraph 4(a), below;
   5. rights protecting the extraction, dissemination, use and
      reuse of data in a Work;
   6. database rights (such as those arising under Directive
      96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of
      11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, and
      under any national implementation thereof, including any
      amended or successor version of such directive); and
   7. other similar, equivalent or corresponding rights throughout
      the world based on applicable law or treaty, and any national
      implementations thereof.

2. Waiver. To the greatest extent permitted by, but not in
   contravention of, applicable law, Affirmer hereby overtly, fully,
   permanently, irrevocably and unconditionally waives, abandons,
   and surrenders all of Affirmer's Copyright and Related Rights
   and associated claims and causes of action, whether now known or
   unknown (including existing as well as future claims and causes
   of action), in the Work

   (i)   in all territories worldwide,
   (ii)  for the maximum duration provided by applicable law or
         treaty (including future time extensions),
   (iii) in any current or future medium and for any number of
         copies, and
   (iv)  for any purpose whatsoever, including without limitation
         commercial, advertising or promotional purposes (the
         "Waiver"). Affirmer makes the Waiver for the benefit of
         each member of the public at large and to the detriment
         of Affirmer's heirs and successors, fully intending that
         such Waiver shall not be subject to revocation, rescission,
         cancellation, termination, or any other legal or equitable
         action to disrupt the quiet enjoyment of the Work by the
         public as contemplated by Affirmer's express Statement of
         Purpose.

3. Public License Fallback. Should any part of the Waiver for any
   reason be judged legally invalid or ineffective under applicable
   law, then the Waiver shall be preserved to the maximum extent
   permitted taking into account Affirmer's express Statement of
   Purpose. In addition, to the extent the Waiver is so judged
   Affirmer hereby grants to each affected person a royalty-free,
   non transferable, non sublicensable, non exclusive, irrevocable
   and unconditional license to exercise Affirmer's Copyright and
   Related Rights in the Work

   (i)   in all territories worldwide,
   (ii)  for the maximum duration provided by applicable law or
         treaty (including future time extensions),
   (iii) in any current or future medium and for any number of
         copies, and
   (iv)  for any purpose whatsoever, including without limitation
         commercial, advertising or promotional purposes (the
         "License"). The License shall be deemed effective as of
         the date CC0 was applied by Affirmer to the Work. Should
         any part of the License for any reason be judged legally
         invalid or ineffective under applicable law, such partial
         invalidity or ineffectiveness shall not invalidate the
         remainder of the License, and in such case Affirmer
         hereby affirms that he or she will not

         (i)  exercise any of his or her remaining Copyright and
              Related Rights in the Work or
         (ii) assert any associated claims and causes of action
              with respect to the Work, in either case contrary
              to Affirmer's express Statement of Purpose.

4. Limitations and Disclaimers.

   1. No trademark or patent rights held by Affirmer are waived,
      abandoned, surrendered, licensed or otherwise affected by
      this document.
   2. Affirmer offers the Work as-is and makes no representations
      or warranties of any kind concerning the Work, express,
      implied, statutory or otherwise, including without
      limitation warranties of title, merchantability, fitness
      for a particular purpose, non infringement, or the absence
      of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the present or
      absence of errors, whether or not discoverable, all to the
      greatest extent permissible under applicable law.
   3. Affirmer disclaims responsibility for clearing rights of
      other persons that may apply to the Work or any use thereof,
      including without limitation any person's Copyright and
      Related Rights in the Work. Further, Affirmer disclaims
      responsibility for obtaining any necessary consents,
      permissions or other rights required for any use of the Work.
   4. Affirmer understands and acknowledges that Creative Commons
      is not a party to this document and has no duty or obligation
      with respect to this CC0 or use of the Work.