/*
 * Copyright 2002-2008 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.web.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanInitializationException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.i18n.LocaleContext;
import org.springframework.context.i18n.LocaleContextHolder;
import org.springframework.core.JdkVersion;
import org.springframework.core.OrderComparator;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PropertiesLoaderUtils;
import org.springframework.ui.context.ThemeSource;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException;
import org.springframework.web.util.UrlPathHelper;
import org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils;

/**
 * Central dispatcher for HTTP request handlers/controllers,
 * e.g. for web UI controllers or HTTP-based remote service exporters.
 * Dispatches to registered handlers for processing a web request,
 * providing convenient mapping and exception handling facilities.
 *
 * <p>This servlet is very flexible: It can be used with just about any workflow,
 * with the installation of the appropriate adapter classes. It offers the
 * following functionality that distinguishes it from other request-driven
 * web MVC frameworks:
 *
 * <ul>
 * <li>It is based around a JavaBeans configuration mechanism.
 *
 * <li>It can use any {@link HandlerMapping} implementation - pre-built or provided
 * as part of an application - to control the routing of requests to handler objects.
 * Default is {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping}, as well
 * as a {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping}
 * when running on Java 5+. HandlerMapping objects can be defined as beans in the servlet's
 * application context, implementing the HandlerMapping interface, overriding the default
 * HandlerMapping if present. HandlerMappings can be given any bean name (they are tested by type).
 *
 * <li>It can use any {@link HandlerAdapter}; this allows for using any handler interface.
 * Default adapters are {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter},
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter} and
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.throwaway.ThrowawayControllerHandlerAdapter},
 * for Spring's {@link org.springframework.web.HttpRequestHandler},
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller} and
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.throwaway.ThrowawayController} interfaces,
 * respectively. When running in a Java 5+ environment, a default
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter}
 * will be registered as well. HandlerAdapter objects can be added as beans in the
 * application context, overriding the default HandlerAdapters. Like HandlerMappings,
 * HandlerAdapters can be given any bean name (they are tested by type).
 *
 * <li>The dispatcher's exception resolution strategy can be specified via a
 * {@link HandlerExceptionResolver}, for example mapping certain exceptions to
 * error pages. Default is none. Additional HandlerExceptionResolvers can be added
 * through the application context. HandlerExceptionResolver can be given any
 * bean name (they are tested by type).
 *
 * <li>Its view resolution strategy can be specified via a {@link ViewResolver}
 * implementation, resolving symbolic view names into View objects. Default is
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver}.
 * ViewResolver objects can be added as beans in the application context,
 * overriding the default ViewResolver. ViewResolvers can be given any bean name
 * (they are tested by type).
 *
 * <li>If a {@link View} or view name is not supplied by the user, then the configured
 * {@link RequestToViewNameTranslator} will translate the current request into a
 * view name. The corresponding bean name is "viewNameTranslator"; the default is
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.view.DefaultRequestToViewNameTranslator}.
 *
 * <li>The dispatcher's strategy for resolving multipart requests is determined by
 * a {@link org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver} implementation.
 * Implementations for Jakarta Commons FileUpload and Jason Hunter's COS are
 * included; the typical choise is
 * {@link org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver}.
 * The MultipartResolver bean name is "multipartResolver"; default is none.
 *
 * <li>Its locale resolution strategy is determined by a {@link LocaleResolver}.
 * Out-of-the-box implementations work via HTTP accept header, cookie, or session.
 * The LocaleResolver bean name is "localeResolver"; default is
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver}.
 *
 * <li>Its theme resolution strategy is determined by a {@link ThemeResolver}.
 * Implementations for a fixed theme and for cookie and session storage are included.
 * The ThemeResolver bean name is "themeResolver"; default is
 * {@link org.springframework.web.servlet.theme.FixedThemeResolver}.
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p><b>NOTE: The <code>@RequestMapping</code> annotation will only be processed
 * if a corresponding <code>HandlerMapping</code> (for type level annotations)
 * and/or <code>HandlerAdapter</code> (for method level annotations)
 * is present in the dispatcher.</b> This is the case by default.
 * However, if you are defining custom <code>HandlerMappings</code> or
 * <code>HandlerAdapters</code>, then you need to make sure that a
 * corresponding custom <code>DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping</code>
 * and/or <code>AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter</code> is defined as well
 * - provided that you intend to use <code>@RequestMapping</code>.
 *
 * <p><b>A web application can define any number of DispatcherServlets.</b>
 * Each servlet will operate in its own namespace, loading its own application
 * context with mappings, handlers, etc. Only the root application context
 * as loaded by {@link org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener},
 * if any, will be shared.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Rob Harrop
 * @see org.springframework.web.HttpRequestHandler
 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller
 * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
 */
public class DispatcherServlet extends FrameworkServlet {

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the MultipartResolver object in the bean factory for this namespace.
	 */
	public static final String MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME = "multipartResolver";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the LocaleResolver object in the bean factory for this namespace.
	 */
	public static final String LOCALE_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME = "localeResolver";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the ThemeResolver object in the bean factory for this namespace.
	 */
	public static final String THEME_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME = "themeResolver";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the HandlerMapping object in the bean factory for this namespace.
	 * Only used when "detectAllHandlerMappings" is turned off.
	 * @see #setDetectAllHandlerMappings
	 */
	public static final String HANDLER_MAPPING_BEAN_NAME = "handlerMapping";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the HandlerAdapter object in the bean factory for this namespace.
	 * Only used when "detectAllHandlerAdapters" is turned off.
	 * @see #setDetectAllHandlerAdapters
	 */
	public static final String HANDLER_ADAPTER_BEAN_NAME = "handlerAdapter";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the HandlerExceptionResolver object in the bean factory for this
	 * namespace. Only used when "detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers" is turned off.
	 * @see #setDetectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers
	 */
	public static final String HANDLER_EXCEPTION_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME = "handlerExceptionResolver";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the RequestToViewNameTranslator object in the bean factory for
	 * this namespace.
	 */
	public static final String REQUEST_TO_VIEW_NAME_TRANSLATOR_BEAN_NAME = "viewNameTranslator";

	/**
	 * Well-known name for the ViewResolver object in the bean factory for this namespace.
	 * Only used when "detectAllViewResolvers" is turned off.
	 * @see #setDetectAllViewResolvers
	 */
	public static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME = "viewResolver";

	/**
	 * Request attribute to hold the currently chosen HandlerExecutionChain.
	 * Only used for internal optimizations.
	 */
	public static final String HANDLER_EXECUTION_CHAIN_ATTRIBUTE = DispatcherServlet.class.getName() + ".HANDLER";

	/**
	 * Request attribute to hold the current web application context.
	 * Otherwise only the global web app context is obtainable by tags etc.
	 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContextUtils#getWebApplicationContext
	 */
	public static final String WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE = DispatcherServlet.class.getName() + ".CONTEXT";

	/**
	 * Request attribute to hold the current LocaleResolver, retrievable by views.
	 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContextUtils#getLocaleResolver
	 */
	public static final String LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE = DispatcherServlet.class.getName() + ".LOCALE_RESOLVER";

	/**
	 * Request attribute to hold the current ThemeResolver, retrievable by views.
	 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContextUtils#getThemeResolver
	 */
	public static final String THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE = DispatcherServlet.class.getName() + ".THEME_RESOLVER";

	/**
	 * Request attribute to hold the current ThemeSource, retrievable by views.
	 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContextUtils#getThemeSource
	 */
	public static final String THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE = DispatcherServlet.class.getName() + ".THEME_SOURCE";


	/**
	 * Log category to use when no mapped handler is found for a request.
	 */
	public static final String PAGE_NOT_FOUND_LOG_CATEGORY = "org.springframework.web.servlet.PageNotFound";

	/**
	 * Name of the class path resource (relative to the DispatcherServlet class)
	 * that defines DispatcherServlet's default strategy names.
	 */
	private static final String DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PATH = "DispatcherServlet.properties";


	/**
	 * Additional logger to use when no mapped handler is found for a request.
	 */
	protected static final Log pageNotFoundLogger = LogFactory.getLog(PAGE_NOT_FOUND_LOG_CATEGORY);

	private static final Properties defaultStrategies;

	static {
		// Load default strategy implementations from properties file.
		// This is currently strictly internal and not meant to be customized
		// by application developers.
		try {
			ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PATH, DispatcherServlet.class);
			defaultStrategies = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not load 'DispatcherServlet.properties': " + ex.getMessage());
		}
	}


	/** Detect all HandlerMappings or just expect "handlerMapping" bean? */
	private boolean detectAllHandlerMappings = true;

	/** Detect all HandlerAdapters or just expect "handlerAdapter" bean? */
	private boolean detectAllHandlerAdapters = true;

	/** Detect all HandlerExceptionResolvers or just expect "handlerExceptionResolver" bean? */
	private boolean detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers = true;

	/** Detect all ViewResolvers or just expect "viewResolver" bean? */
	private boolean detectAllViewResolvers = true;

	/** Perform cleanup of request attributes after include request? */
	private boolean cleanupAfterInclude = true;

	/** Expose LocaleContext and RequestAttributes as inheritable for child threads? */
	private boolean threadContextInheritable = false;


	/** MultipartResolver used by this servlet */
	private MultipartResolver multipartResolver;

	/** LocaleResolver used by this servlet */
	private LocaleResolver localeResolver;

	/** ThemeResolver used by this servlet */
	private ThemeResolver themeResolver;

	/** List of HandlerMappings used by this servlet */
	private List handlerMappings;

	/** List of HandlerAdapters used by this servlet */
	private List handlerAdapters;

	/** List of HandlerExceptionResolvers used by this servlet */
	private List handlerExceptionResolvers;

	/** RequestToViewNameTranslator used by this servlet */
	private RequestToViewNameTranslator viewNameTranslator;

	/** List of ViewResolvers used by this servlet */
	private List viewResolvers;


	/**
	 * Set whether to detect all HandlerMapping beans in this servlet's context.
	 * Else, just a single bean with name "handlerMapping" will be expected.
	 * <p>Default is "true". Turn this off if you want this servlet to use a
	 * single HandlerMapping, despite multiple HandlerMapping beans being
	 * defined in the context.
	 */
	public void setDetectAllHandlerMappings(boolean detectAllHandlerMappings) {
		this.detectAllHandlerMappings = detectAllHandlerMappings;
	}

	/**
	 * Set whether to detect all HandlerAdapter beans in this servlet's context.
	 * Else, just a single bean with name "handlerAdapter" will be expected.
	 * <p>Default is "true". Turn this off if you want this servlet to use a
	 * single HandlerAdapter, despite multiple HandlerAdapter beans being
	 * defined in the context.
	 */
	public void setDetectAllHandlerAdapters(boolean detectAllHandlerAdapters) {
		this.detectAllHandlerAdapters = detectAllHandlerAdapters;
	}

	/**
	 * Set whether to detect all HandlerExceptionResolver beans in this servlet's context.
	 * Else, just a single bean with name "handlerExceptionResolver" will be expected.
	 * <p>Default is "true". Turn this off if you want this servlet to use a
	 * single HandlerExceptionResolver, despite multiple HandlerExceptionResolver
	 * beans being defined in the context.
	 */
	public void setDetectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers(boolean detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers) {
		this.detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers = detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers;
	}

	/**
	 * Set whether to detect all ViewResolver beans in this servlet's context.
	 * Else, just a single bean with name "viewResolver" will be expected.
	 * <p>Default is "true". Turn this off if you want this servlet to use a
	 * single ViewResolver, despite multiple ViewResolver beans being
	 * defined in the context.
	 */
	public void setDetectAllViewResolvers(boolean detectAllViewResolvers) {
		this.detectAllViewResolvers = detectAllViewResolvers;
	}

	/**
	 * Set whether to perform cleanup of request attributes after an include request,
	 * that is, whether to reset the original state of all request attributes after
	 * the DispatcherServlet has processed within an include request. Else, just the
	 * DispatcherServlet's own request attributes will be reset, but not model
	 * attributes for JSPs or special attributes set by views (for example, JSTL's).
	 * <p>Default is "true", which is strongly recommended. Views should not rely on
	 * request attributes having been set by (dynamic) includes. This allows JSP views
	 * rendered by an included controller to use any model attributes, even with the
	 * same names as in the main JSP, without causing side effects. Only turn this
	 * off for special needs, for example to deliberately allow main JSPs to access
	 * attributes from JSP views rendered by an included controller.
	 */
	public void setCleanupAfterInclude(boolean cleanupAfterInclude) {
		this.cleanupAfterInclude = cleanupAfterInclude;
	}

	/**
	 * Set whether to expose the LocaleContext and RequestAttributes as inheritable
	 * for child threads (using an {@link java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal}).
	 * <p>Default is "false", to avoid side effects on spawned background threads.
	 * Switch this to "true" to enable inheritance for custom child threads which
	 * are spawned during request processing and only used for this request
	 * (that is, ending after their initial task, without reuse of the thread).
	 * <p><b>WARNING:</b> Do not use inheritance for child threads if you are
	 * accessing a thread pool which is configured to potentially add new threads
	 * on demand (e.g. a JDK {@link java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor}),
	 * since this will expose the inherited context to such a pooled thread.
	 */
	public void setThreadContextInheritable(boolean threadContextInheritable) {
		this.threadContextInheritable = threadContextInheritable;
	}


	/**
	 * This implementation calls {@link #initStrategies}.
	 */
	protected void onRefresh(ApplicationContext context) throws BeansException {
		initStrategies(context);
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the strategy objects that this servlet uses.
	 * <p>May be overridden in subclasses in order to initialize
	 * further strategy objects.
	 */
	protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {
		initMultipartResolver(context);
		initLocaleResolver(context);
		initThemeResolver(context);
		initHandlerMappings(context);
		initHandlerAdapters(context);
		initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);
		initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);
		initViewResolvers(context);
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the MultipartResolver used by this class.
	 * <p>If no bean is defined with the given name in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, no multipart handling is provided.
	 */
	private void initMultipartResolver(ApplicationContext context) {
		try {
			this.multipartResolver = (MultipartResolver)
					context.getBean(MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, MultipartResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Using MultipartResolver [" + this.multipartResolver + "]");
			}
		}
		catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
			// Default is no multipart resolver.
			this.multipartResolver = null;
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Unable to locate MultipartResolver with name '"	+ MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME +
						"': no multipart request handling provided");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the LocaleResolver used by this class.
	 * <p>If no bean is defined with the given name in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, we default to AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver.
	 */
	private void initLocaleResolver(ApplicationContext context) {
		try {
			this.localeResolver = (LocaleResolver)
					context.getBean(LOCALE_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, LocaleResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Using LocaleResolver [" + this.localeResolver + "]");
			}
		}
		catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
			// We need to use the default.
			this.localeResolver = (LocaleResolver) getDefaultStrategy(context, LocaleResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Unable to locate LocaleResolver with name '" + LOCALE_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME +
						"': using default [" + this.localeResolver + "]");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the ThemeResolver used by this class.
	 * <p>If no bean is defined with the given name in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, we default to a FixedThemeResolver.
	 */
	private void initThemeResolver(ApplicationContext context) {
		try {
			this.themeResolver = (ThemeResolver)
					context.getBean(THEME_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, ThemeResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Using ThemeResolver [" + this.themeResolver + "]");
			}
		}
		catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
			// We need to use the default.
			this.themeResolver = (ThemeResolver) getDefaultStrategy(context, ThemeResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Unable to locate ThemeResolver with name '" + THEME_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME +
						"': using default [" + this.themeResolver + "]");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the HandlerMappings used by this class.
	 * <p>If no HandlerMapping beans are defined in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, we default to BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping.
	 */
	private void initHandlerMappings(ApplicationContext context) {
		this.handlerMappings = null;

		if (this.detectAllHandlerMappings) {
			// Find all HandlerMappings in the ApplicationContext,
			// including ancestor contexts.
			Map matchingBeans = BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(
					context, HandlerMapping.class, true, false);
			if (!matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				this.handlerMappings = new ArrayList(matchingBeans.values());
				// We keep HandlerMappings in sorted order.
				Collections.sort(this.handlerMappings, new OrderComparator());
			}
		}
		else {
			try {
				Object hm = context.getBean(HANDLER_MAPPING_BEAN_NAME, HandlerMapping.class);
				this.handlerMappings = Collections.singletonList(hm);
			}
			catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
				// Ignore, we'll add a default HandlerMapping later.
			}
		}

		// Ensure we have at least one HandlerMapping, by registering
		// a default HandlerMapping if no other mappings are found.
		if (this.handlerMappings == null) {
			this.handlerMappings = getDefaultStrategies(context, HandlerMapping.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("No HandlerMappings found in servlet '" + getServletName() + "': using default");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the HandlerAdapters used by this class.
	 * <p>If no HandlerAdapter beans are defined in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, we default to SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter.
	 */
	private void initHandlerAdapters(ApplicationContext context) {
		this.handlerAdapters = null;

		if (this.detectAllHandlerAdapters) {
			// Find all HandlerAdapters in the ApplicationContext,
			// including ancestor contexts.
			Map matchingBeans = BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(
					context, HandlerAdapter.class, true, false);
			if (!matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				this.handlerAdapters = new ArrayList(matchingBeans.values());
				// We keep HandlerAdapters in sorted order.
				Collections.sort(this.handlerAdapters, new OrderComparator());
			}
		}
		else {
			try {
				Object ha = context.getBean(HANDLER_ADAPTER_BEAN_NAME, HandlerAdapter.class);
				this.handlerAdapters = Collections.singletonList(ha);
			}
			catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
				// Ignore, we'll add a default HandlerAdapter later.
			}
		}

		// Ensure we have at least some HandlerAdapters, by registering
		// default HandlerAdapters if no other adapters are found.
		if (this.handlerAdapters == null) {
			this.handlerAdapters = getDefaultStrategies(context, HandlerAdapter.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("No HandlerAdapters found in servlet '" + getServletName() + "': using default");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the HandlerExceptionResolver used by this class.
	 * <p>If no bean is defined with the given name in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, we default to no exception resolver.
	 */
	private void initHandlerExceptionResolvers(ApplicationContext context) {
		this.handlerExceptionResolvers = null;

		if (this.detectAllHandlerExceptionResolvers) {
			// Find all HandlerExceptionResolvers in the ApplicationContext,
			// including ancestor contexts.
			Map matchingBeans = BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(
					context, HandlerExceptionResolver.class, true, false);
			if (!matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				this.handlerExceptionResolvers = new ArrayList(matchingBeans.values());
				// We keep HandlerExceptionResolvers in sorted order.
				Collections.sort(this.handlerExceptionResolvers, new OrderComparator());
			}
		}
		else {
			try {
				Object her = context.getBean(
						HANDLER_EXCEPTION_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, HandlerExceptionResolver.class);
				this.handlerExceptionResolvers = Collections.singletonList(her);
			}
			catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
				// Ignore, no HandlerExceptionResolver is fine too.
			}
		}

		// Just for consistency, check for default HandlerExceptionResolvers...
		// There aren't any in usual scenarios.
		if (this.handlerExceptionResolvers == null) {
			this.handlerExceptionResolvers = getDefaultStrategies(context, HandlerExceptionResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("No HandlerExceptionResolvers found in servlet '" + getServletName() + "': using default");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the RequestToViewNameTranslator used by this servlet instance. If no
	 * implementation is configured then we default to DefaultRequestToViewNameTranslator.
	 */
	private void initRequestToViewNameTranslator(ApplicationContext context) {
		try {
			this.viewNameTranslator = (RequestToViewNameTranslator) context.getBean(
					REQUEST_TO_VIEW_NAME_TRANSLATOR_BEAN_NAME, RequestToViewNameTranslator.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Using RequestToViewNameTranslator [" + this.viewNameTranslator + "]");
			}
		}
		catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
			// We need to use the default.
			this.viewNameTranslator =
					(RequestToViewNameTranslator) getDefaultStrategy(context, RequestToViewNameTranslator.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Unable to locate RequestToViewNameTranslator with name '" +
						REQUEST_TO_VIEW_NAME_TRANSLATOR_BEAN_NAME +
						"': using default [" + this.viewNameTranslator + "]");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the ViewResolvers used by this class.
	 * <p>If no ViewResolver beans are defined in the BeanFactory
	 * for this namespace, we default to InternalResourceViewResolver.
	 */
	private void initViewResolvers(ApplicationContext context) {
		this.viewResolvers = null;

		if (this.detectAllViewResolvers) {
			// Find all ViewResolvers in the ApplicationContext,
			// including ancestor contexts.
			Map matchingBeans = BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(
					context, ViewResolver.class, true, false);
			if (!matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				this.viewResolvers = new ArrayList(matchingBeans.values());
				// We keep ViewResolvers in sorted order.
				Collections.sort(this.viewResolvers, new OrderComparator());
			}
		}
		else {
			try {
				Object vr = context.getBean(VIEW_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME, ViewResolver.class);
				this.viewResolvers = Collections.singletonList(vr);
			}
			catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
				// Ignore, we'll add a default ViewResolver later.
			}
		}

		// Ensure we have at least one ViewResolver, by registering
		// a default ViewResolver if no other resolvers are found.
		if (this.viewResolvers == null) {
			this.viewResolvers = getDefaultStrategies(context, ViewResolver.class);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("No ViewResolvers found in servlet '" + getServletName() + "': using default");
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Return this servlet's ThemeSource, if any; else return <code>null</code>.
	 * <p>Default is to return the WebApplicationContext as ThemeSource,
	 * provided that it implements the ThemeSource interface.
	 * @return the ThemeSource, if any
	 * @see #getWebApplicationContext()
	 */
	public final ThemeSource getThemeSource() {
		if (getWebApplicationContext() instanceof ThemeSource) {
			return (ThemeSource) getWebApplicationContext();
		}
		else {
			return null;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Obtain this servlet's MultipartResolver, if any.
	 * @return the MultipartResolver used by this servlet, or <code>null</code>
	 * if none (indicating that no multipart support is available)
	 */
	public final MultipartResolver getMultipartResolver() {
		return this.multipartResolver;
	}


	/**
	 * Return the default strategy object for the given strategy interface.
	 * <p>The default implementation delegates to {@link #getDefaultStrategies},
	 * expecting a single object in the list.
	 * @param context the current WebApplicationContext
	 * @param strategyInterface the strategy interface
	 * @return the corresponding strategy object
	 * @throws BeansException if initialization failed
	 * @see #getDefaultStrategies
	 */
	protected Object getDefaultStrategy(ApplicationContext context, Class strategyInterface) throws BeansException {
		List strategies = getDefaultStrategies(context, strategyInterface);
		if (strategies.size() != 1) {
			throw new BeanInitializationException(
					"DispatcherServlet needs exactly 1 strategy for interface [" + strategyInterface.getName() + "]");
		}
		return strategies.get(0);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a List of default strategy objects for the given strategy interface.
	 * <p>The default implementation uses the "DispatcherServlet.properties" file
	 * (in the same package as the DispatcherServlet class) to determine the class names.
	 * It instantiates the strategy objects through the context's BeanFactory.
	 * @param context the current WebApplicationContext
	 * @param strategyInterface the strategy interface
	 * @return the List of corresponding strategy objects
	 * @throws BeansException if initialization failed
	 */
	protected List getDefaultStrategies(ApplicationContext context, Class strategyInterface) throws BeansException {
		String key = strategyInterface.getName();
		List strategies = null;
		String value = defaultStrategies.getProperty(key);
		if (value != null) {
			String[] classNames = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(value);
			strategies = new ArrayList(classNames.length);
			for (int i = 0; i < classNames.length; i++) {
				String className = classNames[i];
				if (JdkVersion.getMajorJavaVersion() < JdkVersion.JAVA_15 && className.indexOf("Annotation") != -1) {
					// Skip Java 5 specific strategies when running on JDK 1.4...
					continue;
				}
				try {
					Class clazz = ClassUtils.forName(className, DispatcherServlet.class.getClassLoader());
					Object strategy = createDefaultStrategy(context, clazz);
					strategies.add(strategy);
				}
				catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
					throw new BeanInitializationException(
							"Could not find DispatcherServlet's default strategy class [" + className +
							"] for interface [" + key + "]", ex);
				}
				catch (LinkageError err) {
					throw new BeanInitializationException(
							"Error loading DispatcherServlet's default strategy class [" + className +
							"] for interface [" + key + "]: problem with class file or dependent class", err);
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			strategies = Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
		}
		return strategies;
	}

	/**
	 * Create a default strategy.
	 * <p>The default implementation uses
	 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean}.
	 * @param context the current WebApplicationContext
	 * @param clazz the strategy implementation class to instantiate
	 * @throws BeansException if initialization failed
	 * @return the fully configured strategy instance
	 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext#getAutowireCapableBeanFactory()
	 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean
	 */
	protected Object createDefaultStrategy(ApplicationContext context, Class clazz) throws BeansException {
		return context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory().createBean(clazz);
	}


	/**
	 * Exposes the DispatcherServlet-specific request attributes and
	 * delegates to {@link #doDispatch} for the actual dispatching.
	 */
	protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			String requestUri = new UrlPathHelper().getRequestUri(request);
			logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() +
					"' processing request for [" + requestUri + "]");
		}

		// Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
		// to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
		Map attributesSnapshot = null;
		if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
			logger.debug("Taking snapshot of request attributes before include");
			attributesSnapshot = new HashMap();
			Enumeration attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
			while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
				String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
				if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet")) {
					attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
				}
			}
		}

		// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
		request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
		request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());

		try {
			doDispatch(request, response);
		}
		finally {
			// Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
			if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
				restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Process the actual dispatching to the handler.
	 * <p>The handler will be obtained by applying the servlet's HandlerMappings in order.
	 * The HandlerAdapter will be obtained by querying the servlet's installed
	 * HandlerAdapters to find the first that supports the handler class.
	 * <p>All HTTP methods are handled by this method. It's up to HandlerAdapters or
	 * handlers themselves to decide which methods are acceptable.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param response current HTTP response
	 * @throws Exception in case of any kind of processing failure
	 */
	protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
		HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
		int interceptorIndex = -1;

		// Expose current LocaleResolver and request as LocaleContext.
		LocaleContext previousLocaleContext = LocaleContextHolder.getLocaleContext();
		LocaleContextHolder.setLocaleContext(buildLocaleContext(request), this.threadContextInheritable);

		// Expose current RequestAttributes to current thread.
		RequestAttributes previousRequestAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
		ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request);
		RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(requestAttributes, this.threadContextInheritable);

		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Bound request context to thread: " + request);
		}
		
		try {
			ModelAndView mv = null;
			boolean errorView = false;

			try {
				processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);

				// Determine handler for the current request.
				mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest, false);
				if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
					noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
					return;
				}

				// Apply preHandle methods of registered interceptors.
				HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = mappedHandler.getInterceptors();
				if (interceptors != null) {
					for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
						HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
						if (!interceptor.preHandle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler())) {
							triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, null);
							return;
						}
						interceptorIndex = i;
					}
				}

				// Actually invoke the handler.
				HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
				mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

				// Do we need view name translation?
				if (mv != null && !mv.hasView()) {
					mv.setViewName(getDefaultViewName(request));
				}

				// Apply postHandle methods of registered interceptors.
				if (interceptors != null) {
					for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
						HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
						interceptor.postHandle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler(), mv);
					}
				}
			}
			catch (ModelAndViewDefiningException ex) {
				logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", ex);
				mv = ex.getModelAndView();
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null);
				mv = processHandlerException(processedRequest, response, handler, ex);
				errorView = (mv != null);
			}

			// Did the handler return a view to render?
			if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
				render(mv, processedRequest, response);
				if (errorView) {
					WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
				}
			}
			else {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name '" +
							getServletName() + "': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling");
				}
			}

			// Trigger after-completion for successful outcome.
			triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, null);
		}

		catch (Exception ex) {
			// Trigger after-completion for thrown exception.
			triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, ex);
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Error err) {
			ServletException ex = new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err);
			// Trigger after-completion for thrown exception.
			triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, ex);
			throw ex;
		}

		finally {
			// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
			if (processedRequest != request) {
				cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
			}

			// Reset thread-bound context.
			RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(previousRequestAttributes, this.threadContextInheritable);
			LocaleContextHolder.setLocaleContext(previousLocaleContext, this.threadContextInheritable);

			// Clear request attributes.
			requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Cleared thread-bound request context: " + request);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Override HttpServlet's <code>getLastModified</code> method to evaluate
	 * the Last-Modified value of the mapped handler.
	 */
	protected long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest request) {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			String requestUri = new UrlPathHelper().getRequestUri(request);
			logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() +
					"' determining Last-Modified value for [" + requestUri + "]");
		}
		try {
			HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = getHandler(request, true);
			if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
				// Ignore -> will reappear on doService.
				logger.debug("No handler found in getLastModified");
				return -1;
			}

			HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
			long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				String requestUri = new UrlPathHelper().getRequestUri(request);
				logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + requestUri + "] is: " + lastModified);
			}
			return lastModified;
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			// Ignore -> will reappear on doService.
			logger.debug("Exception thrown in getLastModified", ex);
			return -1;
		}
	}


	/**
	 * Build a LocaleContext for the given request, exposing the request's
	 * primary locale as current locale.
	 * <p>The default implementation uses the dispatcher's LocaleResolver
	 * to obtain the current locale, which might change during a request.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @return the corresponding LocaleContext
	 */
	protected LocaleContext buildLocaleContext(final HttpServletRequest request) {
		return new LocaleContext() {
			public Locale getLocale() {
				return localeResolver.resolveLocale(request);
			}
			public String toString() {
				return getLocale().toString();
			}
		};
	}

	/**
	 * Convert the request into a multipart request, and make multipart resolver available.
	 * If no multipart resolver is set, simply use the existing request.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @return the processed request (multipart wrapper if necessary)
	 * @see MultipartResolver#resolveMultipart
	 */
	protected HttpServletRequest checkMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
		if (this.multipartResolver != null && this.multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {
			if (request instanceof MultipartHttpServletRequest) {
				logger.debug("Request is already a MultipartHttpServletRequest - if not in a forward, " +
						"this typically results from an additional MultipartFilter in web.xml");
			}
			else {
				return this.multipartResolver.resolveMultipart(request);
			}
		}
		// If not returned before: return original request.
		return request;
	}

	/**
	 * Clean up any resources used by the given multipart request (if any).
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @see MultipartResolver#cleanupMultipart
	 */
	protected void cleanupMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) {
		if (request instanceof MultipartHttpServletRequest) {
			this.multipartResolver.cleanupMultipart((MultipartHttpServletRequest) request);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Return the HandlerExecutionChain for this request.
	 * Try all handler mappings in order.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param cache whether to cache the HandlerExecutionChain in a request attribute
	 * @return the HandlerExceutionChain, or <code>null</code> if no handler could be found
	 */
	protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request, boolean cache) throws Exception {
		HandlerExecutionChain handler =
				(HandlerExecutionChain) request.getAttribute(HANDLER_EXECUTION_CHAIN_ATTRIBUTE);
		if (handler != null) {
			if (!cache) {
				request.removeAttribute(HANDLER_EXECUTION_CHAIN_ATTRIBUTE);
			}
			return handler;
		}

		Iterator it = this.handlerMappings.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			HandlerMapping hm = (HandlerMapping) it.next();
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Testing handler map [" + hm  + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" +
						getServletName() + "'");
			}
			handler = hm.getHandler(request);
			if (handler != null) {
				if (cache) {
					request.setAttribute(HANDLER_EXECUTION_CHAIN_ATTRIBUTE, handler);
				}
				return handler;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * No handler found -> set appropriate HTTP response status.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param response current HTTP response
	 * @throws Exception if preparing the response failed
	 */
	protected void noHandlerFound(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		if (pageNotFoundLogger.isWarnEnabled()) {
			String requestUri = new UrlPathHelper().getRequestUri(request);
			pageNotFoundLogger.warn("No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [" +
					requestUri + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
		}
		response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the HandlerAdapter for this handler object.
	 * @param handler the handler object to find an adapter for
	 * @throws ServletException if no HandlerAdapter can be found for the handler.
	 * This is a fatal error.
	 */
	protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
		Iterator it = this.handlerAdapters.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			HandlerAdapter ha = (HandlerAdapter) it.next();
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Testing handler adapter [" + ha + "]");
			}
			if (ha.supports(handler)) {
				return ha;
			}
		}
		throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
				"]: Does your handler implement a supported interface like Controller?");
	}

	/**
	 * Determine an error ModelAndView via the registered HandlerExceptionResolvers.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param response current HTTP response
	 * @param handler the executed handler, or <code>null</code> if none chosen at the time of
	 * the exception (for example, if multipart resolution failed)
	 * @param ex the exception that got thrown during handler execution
	 * @return a corresponding ModelAndView to forward to
	 * @throws Exception if no error ModelAndView found
	 */
	protected ModelAndView processHandlerException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {

		// Check registerer HandlerExceptionResolvers...
		ModelAndView exMv = null;
		for (Iterator it = this.handlerExceptionResolvers.iterator(); exMv == null && it.hasNext();) {
			HandlerExceptionResolver resolver = (HandlerExceptionResolver) it.next();
			exMv = resolver.resolveException(request, response, handler, ex);
		}
		if (exMv != null) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Handler execution resulted in exception - forwarding to resolved error view: " + exMv, ex);
			}
			WebUtils.exposeErrorRequestAttributes(request, ex, getServletName());
			return exMv;
		}

		// Send default responses for well-known exceptions, if possible.
		if (ex instanceof HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException && !response.isCommitted()) {
			String[] supportedMethods = ((HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) ex).getSupportedMethods();
			if (supportedMethods != null) {
				response.setHeader("Allow", StringUtils.arrayToDelimitedString(supportedMethods, ", "));
			}
			response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, ex.getMessage());
			return null;
		}

		throw ex;
	}

	/**
	 * Render the given ModelAndView. This is the last stage in handling a request.
	 * It may involve resolving the view by name.
	 * @param mv the ModelAndView to render
	 * @param request current HTTP servlet request
	 * @param response current HTTP servlet response
	 * @throws Exception if there's a problem rendering the view
	 */
	protected void render(ModelAndView mv, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {

		// Determine locale for request and apply it to the response.
		Locale locale = this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request);
		response.setLocale(locale);

		View view = null;

		if (mv.isReference()) {
			// We need to resolve the view name.
			view = resolveViewName(mv.getViewName(), mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);
			if (view == null) {
				throw new ServletException("Could not resolve view with name '" + mv.getViewName() +
						"' in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
		}
		else {
			// No need to lookup: the ModelAndView object contains the actual View object.
			view = mv.getView();
			if (view == null) {
				throw new ServletException("ModelAndView [" + mv + "] neither contains a view name nor a " +
						"View object in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
		}

		// Delegate to the View object for rendering.
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Rendering view [" + view + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
		}
		view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response);
	}

	/**
	 * Translate the supplied request into a default view name.
	 * @param request current HTTP servlet request
	 * @return the view name (or <code>null</code> if no default found)
	 * @throws Exception if view name translation failed
	 */
	protected String getDefaultViewName(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		return this.viewNameTranslator.getViewName(request);
	}

	/**
	 * Resolve the given view name into a View object (to be rendered).
	 * <p>Default implementations asks all ViewResolvers of this dispatcher.
	 * Can be overridden for custom resolution strategies, potentially based
	 * on specific model attributes or request parameters.
	 * @param viewName the name of the view to resolve
	 * @param model the model to be passed to the view
	 * @param locale the current locale
	 * @param request current HTTP servlet request
	 * @return the View object, or <code>null</code> if none found
	 * @throws Exception if the view cannot be resolved
	 * (typically in case of problems creating an actual View object)
	 * @see ViewResolver#resolveViewName
	 */
	protected View resolveViewName(String viewName, Map model, Locale locale, HttpServletRequest request)
			throws Exception {

		for (Iterator it = this.viewResolvers.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
			ViewResolver viewResolver = (ViewResolver) it.next();
			View view = viewResolver.resolveViewName(viewName, locale);
			if (view != null) {
				return view;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Trigger afterCompletion callbacks on the mapped HandlerInterceptors.
	 * Will just invoke afterCompletion for all interceptors whose preHandle
	 * invocation has successfully completed and returned true.
	 * @param mappedHandler the mapped HandlerExecutionChain
	 * @param interceptorIndex index of last interceptor that successfully completed
	 * @param ex Exception thrown on handler execution, or <code>null</code> if none
	 * @see HandlerInterceptor#afterCompletion
	 */
	private void triggerAfterCompletion(
			HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, int interceptorIndex,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {

		// Apply afterCompletion methods of registered interceptors.
		if (mappedHandler != null) {
			HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = mappedHandler.getInterceptors();
			if (interceptors != null) {
				for (int i = interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
					HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
					try {
						interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, mappedHandler.getHandler(), ex);
					}
					catch (Throwable ex2) {
						logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Restore the request attributes after an include.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param attributesSnapshot the snapshot of the request attributes
	 * before the include
	 */
	private void restoreAttributesAfterInclude(HttpServletRequest request, Map attributesSnapshot) {
		logger.debug("Restoring snapshot of request attributes after include");

		// Need to copy into separate Collection here, to avoid side effects
		// on the Enumeration when removing attributes.
		Set attrsToCheck = new HashSet();
		Enumeration attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
		while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
			String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
			if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet")) {
				attrsToCheck.add(attrName);
			}
		}

		// Iterate over the attributes to check, restoring the original value
		// or removing the attribute, respectively, if appropriate.
		for (Iterator it = attrsToCheck.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
			String attrName = (String) it.next();
			Object attrValue = attributesSnapshot.get(attrName);
			if (attrValue != null) {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Restoring original value of attribute [" + attrName + "] after include");
				}
				request.setAttribute(attrName, attrValue);
			}
			else {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Removing attribute [" + attrName + "] after include");
				}
				request.removeAttribute(attrName);
			}
		}
	}

}