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/*
 * @test
 * @bug     8349206
 * @summary j.u.l.Handler classes create deadlock risk via synchronized publish() method.
 * @library /test/lib
 * @modules java.base/sun.util.logging
 *          java.logging
 * @run main/othervm LoggingDeadlock5
 */

import jdk.test.lib.Utils;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.logging.FileHandler;
import java.util.logging.Formatter;
import java.util.logging.Handler;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.LogRecord;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.logging.StreamHandler;

/**
 * This test verifies that logging Handler implementations no longer suffer
 * from the deadlock risk outlined in JDK-8349206.
 *
 * <p>This test should reliably cause, and detect, deadlocks in a timely
 * manner if the problem occurs, and SHOULD NOT time out.
 */
public class LoggingDeadlock5 {
    private static final String UTF_8 = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name();

    // Formatter which calls toString() on all arguments.
    private static final Formatter TEST_FORMATTER = new Formatter() {
        @Override
        public String format(LogRecord record) {
            // All we care about is that our formatter will invoke toString() on user arguments.
            // This can be called without arguments in one of the threads.
            Object[] parameters = record.getParameters();
            if (parameters != null) {
                for (Object p : parameters) {
                    var unused = p.toString();
                }
            }
            return "<formatted string>";
        }
    };

    // A handler which *should* cause a deadlock by synchronizing publish().
    private static final Handler SELF_TEST_HANDLER = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public synchronized void publish(LogRecord record) {
            TEST_FORMATTER.formatMessage(record);
        }

        @Override
        public void flush() {
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
        }
    };

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        // Self test that deadlocks are correctly caught (and don't deadlock the test itself).
        new DeadLocker(SELF_TEST_HANDLER).checkDeadlock(true);

        // In theory, we should test SocketHandler here as well because, while
        // it is just a subclass, it could be adding locking around the call to
        // super.publish(). However, it is problematic in a test environment
        // since it needs to open sockets. It is not being tested for now.
        assertNoDeadlock(new StreamHandler(new ByteArrayOutputStream(0), TEST_FORMATTER));

        // Single log file in current directory, no rotation. JTreg will delete
        // temporary files after test completion.
        assertNoDeadlock(new FileHandler("temp_log_file"));

        // Any other problematic handler classes can be easily added here if
        // they are simple enough to be constructed in a test environment.
    }

    static void assertNoDeadlock(Handler handler) throws InterruptedException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        try {
            handler.setEncoding(UTF_8);
            new DeadLocker(handler).checkDeadlock(false);
        } finally {
            // Handlers may have open resources, so must be closed.
            handler.close();
        }
    }

    private static class DeadLocker {
        // Since this is used to self-test for an expected deadlock, it will
        // delay the test by at least this duration (so being overly large is
        // a potential issue). The deadlock is set up so it should occur almost
        // immediately (if it occurs), but tests are run under very high loads
        // in higher tiers, so it's necessary to be a bit pessimistic here.
        private final static Duration JOIN_WAIT =
                Duration.ofMillis(Utils.adjustTimeout(2000));

        private final Semaphore readyToDeadlock = new Semaphore(0);
        private final Semaphore userLockIsHeld = new Semaphore(0);
        private final Logger logger = Logger.getAnonymousLogger();
        private final Handler handlerUnderTest;
        private final Object userLock = new Object();
        private boolean deadlockEncountered = true;

        DeadLocker(Handler handlerUnderTest) {
            this.handlerUnderTest = handlerUnderTest;

            this.logger.setUseParentHandlers(false);
            this.logger.addHandler(handlerUnderTest);
            this.logger.setLevel(Level.INFO);
            this.handlerUnderTest.setLevel(Level.INFO);
        }

        void checkDeadlock(boolean expectDeadlock) throws InterruptedException {
            // Note: Even though the message format string isn't used in the
            // test formatter, it must be a valid log format string (Logger
            // detects if there are no "{n}" placeholders and skips calling
            // the formatter otherwise).
            Thread t1 = runAsDaemon(() -> logger.log(Level.INFO, "Hello {0}", new Argument()));
            readyToDeadlock.acquireUninterruptibly();
            // First thread is blocked until userLockIsHeld is released in t2.
            Thread t2 = runAsDaemon(this::locksThenLogs);

            // If deadlock occurs, the join() calls both return false.
            int threadsBlocked = 0;
            if (!t1.join(JOIN_WAIT)) {
                threadsBlocked += 1;
            }
            if (!t2.join(JOIN_WAIT)) {
                threadsBlocked += 1;
            }
            // These indicate test problems, not a failure of the code under test.
            errorIf(threadsBlocked == 1, "Inconsistent number of blocked threads.");
            errorIf(deadlockEncountered != (threadsBlocked == 2),
                    "Deadlock reporting should coincide with number of blocked threads.");

            // This is the actual test assertion.
            if (expectDeadlock != deadlockEncountered) {
                String issue = expectDeadlock ? "Expected deadlock but none occurred" : "Unexpected deadlock";
                throw new AssertionError(errorMsg(issue));
            }
        }

        void locksThenLogs() {
            synchronized (userLock) {
                userLockIsHeld.release();
                logger.log(Level.INFO, "This will cause a deadlock if the Handler locks!");
            }
        }

        void calledFromToString() {
            this.readyToDeadlock.release();
            this.userLockIsHeld.acquireUninterruptibly();
            synchronized (userLock) {
                this.deadlockEncountered = false;
            }
        }

        class Argument {
            @Override
            public String toString() {
                calledFromToString();
                return "<to string>";
            }
        }

        String errorMsg(String msg) {
            return String.format("Handler deadlock test [%s]: %s", handlerUnderTest.getClass().getName(), msg);
        }

        void errorIf(boolean condition, String msg) {
            if (condition) {
                throw new RuntimeException(errorMsg("TEST ERROR - " + msg));
            }
        }
    }

    static Thread runAsDaemon(Runnable job) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(job);
        thread.setDaemon(true);
        thread.start();
        return thread;
    }
}