# Copyright 2009 by Cymon J. Cox. All rights reserved. # This code is part of the Biopython distribution and governed by its # license. Please see the LICENSE file that should have been included # as part of this package. """Command line wrapper for the multiple alignment programme MAFFT. """ from __future__ import print_function import os from Bio.Application import _Option, _Switch, _Argument, AbstractCommandline class MafftCommandline(AbstractCommandline): """Command line wrapper for the multiple alignment program MAFFT. http://align.bmr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/mafft/software/ Example: -------- >>> from Bio.Align.Applications import MafftCommandline >>> mafft_exe = "/opt/local/mafft" >>> in_file = "../Doc/examples/opuntia.fasta" >>> mafft_cline = MafftCommandline(mafft_exe, input=in_file) >>> print(mafft_cline) /opt/local/mafft ../Doc/examples/opuntia.fasta If the mafft binary is on the path (typically the case on a Unix style operating system) then you don't need to supply the executable location: >>> from Bio.Align.Applications import MafftCommandline >>> in_file = "../Doc/examples/opuntia.fasta" >>> mafft_cline = MafftCommandline(input=in_file) >>> print(mafft_cline) mafft ../Doc/examples/opuntia.fasta You would typically run the command line with mafft_cline() or via the Python subprocess module, as described in the Biopython tutorial. Note that MAFFT will write the alignment to stdout, which you may want to save to a file and then parse, e.g.:: stdout, stderr = mafft_cline() with open("aligned.fasta", "w") as handle: handle.write(stdout) from Bio import AlignIO align = AlignIO.read("aligned.fasta", "fasta") Alternatively, to parse the output with AlignIO directly you can use StringIO to turn the string into a handle:: stdout, stderr = mafft_cline() from StringIO import StringIO from Bio import AlignIO align = AlignIO.read(StringIO(stdout), "fasta") Citations: ---------- Katoh, Toh (BMC Bioinformatics 9:212, 2008) Improved accuracy of multiple ncRNA alignment by incorporating structural information into a MAFFT-based framework (describes RNA structural alignment methods) Katoh, Toh (Briefings in Bioinformatics 9:286-298, 2008) Recent developments in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program (outlines version 6) Katoh, Toh (Bioinformatics 23:372-374, 2007) Errata PartTree: an algorithm to build an approximate tree from a large number of unaligned sequences (describes the PartTree algorithm) Katoh, Kuma, Toh, Miyata (Nucleic Acids Res. 33:511-518, 2005) MAFFT version 5: improvement in accuracy of multiple sequence alignment (describes [ancestral versions of] the G-INS-i, L-INS-i and E-INS-i strategies) Katoh, Misawa, Kuma, Miyata (Nucleic Acids Res. 30:3059-3066, 2002) Last checked against version: MAFFT v6.717b (2009/12/03) """ def __init__(self, cmd="mafft", **kwargs): BLOSUM_MATRICES = ["30", "45", "62", "80"] self.parameters = \ [ # **** Algorithm **** # Automatically selects an appropriate strategy from L-INS-i, FFT-NS- # i and FFT-NS-2, according to data size. Default: off (always FFT-NS-2) _Switch(["--auto", "auto"], "Automatically select strategy. Default off."), # Distance is calculated based on the number of shared 6mers. Default: on _Switch(["--6merpair", "6merpair", "sixmerpair"], "Distance is calculated based on the number of shared " "6mers. Default: on"), # All pairwise alignments are computed with the Needleman-Wunsch # algorithm. More accurate but slower than --6merpair. Suitable for a # set of globally alignable sequences. Applicable to up to ~200 # sequences. A combination with --maxiterate 1000 is recommended (G- # INS-i). Default: off (6mer distance is used) _Switch(["--globalpair", "globalpair"], "All pairwise alignments are computed with the " "Needleman-Wunsch algorithm. Default: off"), # All pairwise alignments are computed with the Smith-Waterman # algorithm. More accurate but slower than --6merpair. Suitable for a # set of locally alignable sequences. Applicable to up to ~200 # sequences. A combination with --maxiterate 1000 is recommended (L- # INS-i). Default: off (6mer distance is used) _Switch(["--localpair", "localpair"], "All pairwise alignments are computed with the " "Smith-Waterman algorithm. Default: off"), # All pairwise alignments are computed with a local algorithm with # the generalized affine gap cost (Altschul 1998). More accurate but # slower than --6merpair. Suitable when large internal gaps are # expected. Applicable to up to ~200 sequences. A combination with -- # maxiterate 1000 is recommended (E-INS-i). Default: off (6mer # distance is used) _Switch(["--genafpair", "genafpair"], "All pairwise alignments are computed with a local " "algorithm with the generalized affine gap cost " "(Altschul 1998). Default: off"), # All pairwise alignments are computed with FASTA (Pearson and Lipman # 1988). FASTA is required. Default: off (6mer distance is used) _Switch(["--fastapair", "fastapair"], "All pairwise alignments are computed with FASTA " "(Pearson and Lipman 1988). Default: off"), # Weighting factor for the consistency term calculated from pairwise # alignments. Valid when either of --blobalpair, --localpair, -- # genafpair, --fastapair or --blastpair is selected. Default: 2.7 _Option(["--weighti", "weighti"], "Weighting factor for the consistency term calculated " "from pairwise alignments. Default: 2.7", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Guide tree is built number times in the progressive stage. Valid # with 6mer distance. Default: 2 _Option(["--retree", "retree"], "Guide tree is built number times in the progressive " "stage. Valid with 6mer distance. Default: 2", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, int), equate=False), # Number cycles of iterative refinement are performed. Default: 0 _Option(["--maxiterate", "maxiterate"], "Number cycles of iterative refinement are performed. " "Default: 0", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, int), equate=False), # Use FFT approximation in group-to-group alignment. Default: on _Switch(["--fft", "fft"], "Use FFT approximation in group-to-group alignment. " "Default: on"), # Do not use FFT approximation in group-to-group alignment. Default: # off _Switch(["--nofft", "nofft"], "Do not use FFT approximation in group-to-group " "alignment. Default: off"), # Alignment score is not checked in the iterative refinement stage. # Default: off (score is checked) _Switch(["--noscore", "noscore"], "Alignment score is not checked in the iterative " "refinement stage. Default: off (score is checked)"), # Use the Myers-Miller (1988) algorithm. Default: automatically # turned on when the alignment length exceeds 10,000 (aa/nt). _Switch(["--memsave", "memsave"], "Use the Myers-Miller (1988) algorithm. Default: " "automatically turned on when the alignment length " "exceeds 10,000 (aa/nt)."), # Use a fast tree-building method (PartTree, Katoh and Toh 2007) with # the 6mer distance. Recommended for a large number (> ~10,000) of # sequences are input. Default: off _Switch(["--parttree", "parttree"], "Use a fast tree-building method with the 6mer " "distance. Default: off"), # The PartTree algorithm is used with distances based on DP. Slightly # more accurate and slower than --parttree. Recommended for a large # number (> ~10,000) of sequences are input. Default: off _Switch(["--dpparttree", "dpparttree"], "The PartTree algorithm is used with distances " "based on DP. Default: off"), # The PartTree algorithm is used with distances based on FASTA. # Slightly more accurate and slower than --parttree. Recommended for # a large number (> ~10,000) of sequences are input. FASTA is # required. Default: off _Switch(["--fastaparttree", "fastaparttree"], "The PartTree algorithm is used with distances based " "on FASTA. Default: off"), # The number of partitions in the PartTree algorithm. Default: 50 _Option(["--partsize", "partsize"], "The number of partitions in the PartTree algorithm. " "Default: 50", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, int), equate=False), # Do not make alignment larger than number sequences. Valid only with # the --*parttree options. Default: the number of input sequences _Switch(["--groupsize", "groupsize"], "Do not make alignment larger than number sequences. " "Default: the number of input sequences"), # Adjust direction according to the first sequence # Mafft V6 beta function _Switch(["--adjustdirection", "adjustdirection"], "Adjust direction according to the first sequence. " "Default off."), # Adjust direction according to the first sequence # for highly diverged data; very slow # Mafft V6 beta function _Switch(["--adjustdirectionaccurately", "adjustdirectionaccurately"], "Adjust direction according to the first sequence," "for highly diverged data; very slow" "Default off."), # **** Parameter **** # Gap opening penalty at group-to-group alignment. Default: 1.53 _Option(["--op", "op"], "Gap opening penalty at group-to-group alignment. " "Default: 1.53", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Offset value, which works like gap extension penalty, for group-to- # group alignment. Deafult: 0.123 _Option(["--ep", "ep"], "Offset value, which works like gap extension penalty, " "for group-to- group alignment. Default: 0.123", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Gap opening penalty at local pairwise alignment. Valid when the -- # localpair or --genafpair option is selected. Default: -2.00 _Option(["--lop", "lop"], "Gap opening penalty at local pairwise alignment. " "Default: 0.123", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Offset value at local pairwise alignment. Valid when the -- # localpair or --genafpair option is selected. Default: 0.1 _Option(["--lep", "lep"], "Offset value at local pairwise alignment. " "Default: 0.1", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Gap extension penalty at local pairwise alignment. Valid when the - # -localpair or --genafpair option is selected. Default: -0.1 _Option(["--lexp", "lexp"], "Gap extension penalty at local pairwise alignment. " "Default: -0.1", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Gap opening penalty to skip the alignment. Valid when the -- # genafpair option is selected. Default: -6.00 _Option(["--LOP", "LOP"], "Gap opening penalty to skip the alignment. " "Default: -6.00", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # Gap extension penalty to skip the alignment. Valid when the -- # genafpair option is selected. Default: 0.00 _Option(["--LEXP", "LEXP"], "Gap extension penalty to skip the alignment. " "Default: 0.00", checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, float), equate=False), # BLOSUM number matrix (Henikoff and Henikoff 1992) is used. # number=30, 45, 62 or 80. Default: 62 _Option(["--bl", "bl"], "BLOSUM number matrix is used. Default: 62", checker_function=lambda x: x in BLOSUM_MATRICES, equate=False), # JTT PAM number (Jones et al. 1992) matrix is used. number>0. # Default: BLOSUM62 _Option(["--jtt", "jtt"], "JTT PAM number (Jones et al. 1992) matrix is used. " "number>0. Default: BLOSUM62", equate=False), # Transmembrane PAM number (Jones et al. 1994) matrix is used. # number>0. Default: BLOSUM62 _Option(["--tm", "tm"], "Transmembrane PAM number (Jones et al. 1994) " "matrix is used. number>0. Default: BLOSUM62", filename=True, equate=False), # Use a user-defined AA scoring matrix. The format of matrixfile is # the same to that of BLAST. Ignored when nucleotide sequences are # input. Default: BLOSUM62 _Option(["--aamatrix", "aamatrix"], "Use a user-defined AA scoring matrix. " "Default: BLOSUM62", filename=True, equate=False), # Incorporate the AA/nuc composition information into the scoring # matrix. Default: off _Switch(["--fmodel", "fmodel"], "Incorporate the AA/nuc composition information into " "the scoring matrix (True) or not (False, default)"), # **** Output **** # Name length for CLUSTAL and PHYLIP format output _Option(["--namelength", "namelength"], """Name length in CLUSTAL and PHYLIP output. MAFFT v6.847 (2011) added --namelength for use with the --clustalout option for CLUSTAL output. MAFFT v7.024 (2013) added support for this with the --phylipout option for PHYLIP output (default 10). """, checker_function=lambda x: isinstance(x, int), equate=False), # Output format: clustal format. Default: off (fasta format) _Switch(["--clustalout", "clustalout"], "Output format: clustal (True) or fasta (False, default)"), # Output format: phylip format. # Added in beta with v6.847, fixed in v6.850 (2011) _Switch(["--phylipout", "phylipout"], "Output format: phylip (True), or fasta (False, default)"), # Output order: same as input. Default: on _Switch(["--inputorder", "inputorder"], "Output order: same as input (True, default) or alignment " "based (False)"), # Output order: aligned. Default: off (inputorder) _Switch(["--reorder", "reorder"], "Output order: aligned (True) or in input order (False, " "default)"), # Guide tree is output to the input.tree file. Default: off _Switch(["--treeout", "treeout"], "Guide tree is output to the input.tree file (True) or " "not (False, default)"), # Do not report progress. Default: off _Switch(["--quiet", "quiet"], "Do not report progress (True) or not (False, default)."), # **** Input **** # Assume the sequences are nucleotide. Deafult: auto _Switch(["--nuc", "nuc"], "Assume the sequences are nucleotide (True/False). " "Default: auto"), # Assume the sequences are amino acid. Deafult: auto _Switch(["--amino", "amino"], "Assume the sequences are amino acid (True/False). " "Default: auto"), # MAFFT has multiple --seed commands where the unaligned input is # aligned to the seed alignment. There can be multiple seeds in the # form: "mafft --seed align1 --seed align2 [etc] input" # Effectively for n number of seed alignments. # TODO - Can we use class _ArgumentList here? _Option(["--seed", "seed"], "Seed alignments given in alignment_n (fasta format) " "are aligned with sequences in input.", filename=True, equate=False), # The input (must be FASTA format) _Argument(["input"], "Input file name", filename=True, is_required=True), # mafft-profile takes a second alignment input as an argument: # mafft-profile align1 align2 _Argument(["input1"], "Second input file name for the mafft-profile command", filename=True), ] AbstractCommandline.__init__(self, cmd, **kwargs) if __name__ == "__main__": from Bio._utils import run_doctest run_doctest()