'''Chemical Engineering Design Library (ChEDL). Utilities for process modeling. Copyright (C) 2016, 2017 Caleb Bell Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. ''' from math import isinf, isnan, log10, pi from fluids.fittings import ( Cv_to_K, Cv_to_Kv, Darby, Darby3K, Hooper, Hooper2K, K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane, K_angle_valve_Crane, K_ball_valve_Crane, K_branch_converging_Crane, K_branch_diverging_Crane, K_butterfly_valve_Crane, K_diaphragm_valve_Crane, K_foot_valve_Crane, K_gate_valve_Crane, K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane, K_globe_valve_Crane, K_lift_check_valve_Crane, K_plug_valve_Crane, K_run_converging_Crane, K_run_diverging_Crane, K_swing_check_valve_Crane, K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane, K_to_Cv, K_to_Kv, Kv_to_Cv, Kv_to_K, bend_miter, bend_miter_Miller, bend_rounded, bend_rounded_Crane, bend_rounded_Miller, change_K_basis, contraction_beveled, contraction_conical, contraction_conical_Crane, contraction_round, contraction_round_Miller, contraction_sharp, diffuser_conical, diffuser_conical_staged, diffuser_curved, diffuser_pipe_reducer, diffuser_sharp, entrance_angled, entrance_beveled, entrance_beveled_orifice, entrance_distance, entrance_rounded, entrance_sharp, exit_normal, helix, spiral, v_lift_valve_Crane, ) try: from random import uniform except: pass import pytest from fluids.constants import inch, liter, minute from fluids.core import Reynolds from fluids.friction import ft_Crane #from fluids.optional.pychebfun import * from fluids.numerics import assert_close, assert_close1d, secant def log_uniform(low, high): return 10**uniform(log10(low), log10(high)) def test_fittings(): K = entrance_beveled_orifice(Di=0.1, do=.07, l=0.003, angle=45.0) assert_close(K, 1.2987552913818574) ### Exits assert_close(exit_normal(), 1.0) K_helix = helix(Di=0.01, rs=0.1, pitch=.03, N=10, fd=.0185) assert_close(K_helix, 14.525134924495514) K_spiral = spiral(Di=0.01, rmax=.1, rmin=.02, pitch=.01, fd=0.0185) assert_close(K_spiral, 7.950918552775473) ### Contractions K_beveled = contraction_beveled(Di1=0.5, Di2=0.1, l=.7*.1, angle=120.0) assert_close(K_beveled, 0.40946469413070485) ### Expansions (diffusers) K = diffuser_curved(Di1=.25**0.5, Di2=1., l=2.) assert_close(K, 0.2299781250000002) K = diffuser_pipe_reducer(Di1=.5, Di2=.75, l=1.5, fd1=0.07) assert_close(K, 0.06873244301714816) K = diffuser_pipe_reducer(Di1=.5, Di2=.75, l=1.5, fd1=0.07, fd2=.08) assert_close(K, 0.06952256647393829) # Misc K1 = Darby3K(NPS=2., Re=10000., name='Valve, Angle valve, 45°, full line size, β = 1') K2 = Darby3K(NPS=12., Re=10000., name='Valve, Angle valve, 45°, full line size, β = 1') K3 = Darby3K(NPS=12., Re=10000., K1=950., Ki=0.25, Kd=4.) Ks = [1.1572523963562353, 0.819510280626355, 0.819510280626355] assert_close1d([K1, K2, K3], Ks) with pytest.raises(Exception): Darby3K(NPS=12., Re=10000) with pytest.raises(Exception): Darby3K(NPS=12., Re=10000, name='fail') tot = sum([Darby3K(NPS=2., Re=1000, name=i) for i in Darby.keys()]) assert_close(tot, 67.96442287975898) K1 = Hooper2K(Di=2., Re=10000., name='Valve, Globe, Standard') K2 = Hooper2K(Di=2., Re=10000., K1=900., Kinfty=4.) assert_close1d([K1, K2], [6.15, 6.09]) tot = sum([Hooper2K(Di=2., Re=10000., name=i) for i in Hooper.keys()]) assert_close(tot, 46.18) with pytest.raises(Exception): Hooper2K(Di=2, Re=10000) with pytest.raises(Exception): Hooper2K(Di=2., Re=10000, name='fail') K2 = change_K_basis(K1=32.68875692997804, D1=.01, D2=.02) assert_close(K2, 523.0201108796487) ### Entrances def test_entrance_distance_45_Miller(): from fluids.fittings import entrance_distance_45_Miller K = entrance_distance_45_Miller(Di=0.1, Di0=0.14) assert_close(K, 0.24407641818143339) def test_entrance_distance(): K1 = entrance_distance(0.1, t=0.0005) assert_close(K1, 1.0154100000000004) assert_close(entrance_distance(Di=0.1, t=0.05), 0.57) K = entrance_distance(Di=0.1, t=0.0005, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 1.0280427936730414) K = entrance_distance(Di=0.1, t=0.0005, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.9249999999999999) K = entrance_distance(Di=0.1, t=0.0005, l=.02, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.8475000000000001) K = entrance_distance(Di=0.1, t=0.0005, method='Harris') assert_close(K, 0.8705806231290558, 3e-3) K = entrance_distance(Di=0.1, method='Crane') assert_close(K, 0.78) with pytest.raises(Exception): entrance_distance(Di=0.1, t=0.01, method='BADMETHOD') def test_entrance_rounded(): K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.0235) assert_close(K, 0.09839534618360923) assert_close(entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.2), 0.03) K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.0235, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.057734448458542094) K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.0235, method='Swamee') assert_close(K, 0.06818838227156554) K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.01, method='Crane') assert_close(K, .09) K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.01, method='Harris') assert_close(K, 0.04864878230217168) # Limiting condition K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.0235, method='Harris') assert_close(K, 0.0) K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.01, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.11328005177738182) # Limiting condition K = entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.0235, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.03) with pytest.raises(Exception): entrance_rounded(Di=0.1, rc=0.01, method='BADMETHOD') def test_entrance_beveled(): K = entrance_beveled(Di=0.1, l=0.003, angle=45.0) assert_close(K, 0.45086864221916984) K = entrance_beveled(Di=0.1, l=0.003, angle=45.0, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.3995000000000001) def test_entrance_sharp(): assert_close(entrance_sharp(), 0.57) with pytest.raises(Exception): entrance_sharp(method='BADMETHOD') for method in ['Swamee', 'Blevins', 'Idelchik', 'Crane']: assert_close(0.5, entrance_sharp(method=method)) entrance_sharp(method='Miller') # Don't bother checking a value for the Miller method def test_entrance_angled(): K_30_Idelchik = 0.9798076211353316 assert_close(entrance_angled(30.0), K_30_Idelchik) assert_close(entrance_angled(30.0, method='Idelchik'), K_30_Idelchik) with pytest.raises(Exception): entrance_angled(30, method='BADMETHOD') ### Bends def test_bend_rounded_Crane(): K = bend_rounded_Crane(Di=.4020, rc=.4*5, angle=30.0) assert_close(K, 0.09321910015613409) K_max = bend_rounded_Crane(Di=.400, rc=.4*25, angle=30) K_limit = bend_rounded_Crane(Di=.400, rc=.4*20, angle=30.0) assert_close(K_max, K_limit) # Test default assert_close(bend_rounded_Crane(Di=.4020, rc=.4020*5, angle=30, bend_diameters=5.0), bend_rounded_Crane(Di=.4020, rc=.4020*5, angle=30.0)) with pytest.raises(Exception): bend_rounded_Crane(Di=.4020, rc=.4*5, bend_diameters=8, angle=30) def test_bend_rounded_Miller(): # Miller examples - 9.12 D = .6 Re = Reynolds(V=4, D=D, nu=1.14E-6) kwargs = dict(Di=D, bend_diameters=2, angle=90, Re=Re, roughness=.02E-3) K = bend_rounded_Miller(L_unimpeded=30*D, **kwargs) assert_close(K, 0.1513266131915296, rtol=1e-4)# 0.150 in Miller- 1% difference due to fd K = bend_rounded_Miller(L_unimpeded=0*D, **kwargs) assert_close(K, 0.1414607344374372, rtol=1e-4) # 0.135 in Miller - Difference mainly from Co interpolation method, OK with that K = bend_rounded_Miller(L_unimpeded=2*D, **kwargs) assert_close(K, 0.09343184457353562, rtol=1e-4) # 0.093 in miller def test_bend_rounded(): ### Bends K_5_rc = [bend_rounded(Di=4.020, rc=4.0*5, angle=i, fd=0.0163) for i in [15.0, 30.0, 45, 60, 75, 90]] K_5_rc_values = [0.07038212630028828, 0.10680196344492195, 0.13858204974134541, 0.16977191374717754, 0.20114941557508642, 0.23248382866658507] assert_close1d(K_5_rc, K_5_rc_values) K_10_rc = [bend_rounded(Di=34.500, rc=36*10, angle=i, fd=0.0106) for i in [15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90]] K_10_rc_values = [0.061075866683922314, 0.10162621862720357, 0.14158887563243763, 0.18225270014527103, 0.22309967045081655, 0.26343782210280947] assert_close1d(K_10_rc, K_10_rc_values) K = bend_rounded(Di=4.020, bend_diameters=5.0, angle=30.0, fd=0.0163) assert_close(K, 0.106920213333191) K = bend_rounded(Di=4.020, bend_diameters=5.0, angle=30, Re=1E5) assert_close(K, 0.11532121658742862) K = bend_rounded(Di=4.020, bend_diameters=5.0, angle=30, Re=1E5, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.10276501180879682) K = bend_rounded(Di=.5, bend_diameters=5.0, angle=30, Re=1E5, method='Crane') assert_close(K, 0.08959057097762159) K = bend_rounded(Di=.5, bend_diameters=5.0, angle=30, Re=1E5, method='Ito') assert_close(K, 0.10457946464978755) K = bend_rounded(Di=.5, bend_diameters=5.0, angle=30, Re=1E5, method='Swamee') assert_close(K, 0.055429466248839564) assert type(bend_rounded(Di=4.020, rc=4.0*5, angle=30, Re=1E5, method='Miller')) == float # Crane standard fittings Di = 4 v0 = bend_rounded(Di=4, angle=45, method='Crane standard')/ft_Crane(Di) assert_close(v0, 16.0) v0 = bend_rounded(Di=4, angle=90, method='Crane standard')/ft_Crane(Di) assert_close(v0, 30.0) v0 = bend_rounded(Di=4, angle=180, method='Crane standard')/ft_Crane(Di) assert_close(v0, 50.0) # extrapolation - check behavior is sane v0 = bend_rounded(Di=4, angle=360, method='Crane standard')/ft_Crane(Di) assert_close(v0, 90.0) v0 = bend_rounded(Di=4, angle=0, method='Crane standard')/ft_Crane(Di) assert_close(v0, 2.0) def test_bend_miter(): K_miters = [bend_miter(i) for i in [150.0, 120, 90, 75, 60, 45, 30, 15]] K_miter_values = [2.7128147734758103, 2.0264994448555864, 1.2020815280171306, 0.8332188430731828, 0.5299999999999998, 0.30419633092708653, 0.15308822558050816, 0.06051389308126326] assert_close1d(K_miters, K_miter_values) K = bend_miter(Di=.6, angle=45.0, Re=1e6, roughness=1e-5, L_unimpeded=20.0, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.2944060416245167) K = bend_miter(Di=.05, angle=45, Re=1e6, roughness=1e-5, method='Crane') assert_close(K, 0.28597953150073047) K = bend_miter(angle=45, Re=1e6, method='Rennels') assert_close(K, 0.30419633092708653) with pytest.raises(Exception): bend_miter(angle=45, Re=1e6, method='BADMETHOD') def test_bend_miter_Miller(): K = bend_miter_Miller(Di=.6, angle=45, Re=1e6, roughness=1e-5, L_unimpeded=20.0) assert_close(K, 0.2944060416245167) K_default_L_unimpeded = bend_miter_Miller(Di=.6, angle=45, Re=1e6, roughness=1e-5) assert_close(K, K_default_L_unimpeded) K_high_angle = bend_miter_Miller(Di=.6, angle=120.0, Re=1e6, roughness=1e-5, L_unimpeded=20.0) K_higher_angle = bend_miter_Miller(Di=.6, angle=150.0, Re=1e6, roughness=1e-5, L_unimpeded=20.0) assert_close(K_high_angle, K_higher_angle) assert type(bend_rounded_Miller(Di=.6, bend_diameters=2, angle=90, Re=2e6, roughness=2E-5, L_unimpeded=30*.6)) is float @pytest.mark.slow @pytest.mark.fuzz def test_bend_rounded_Miller_fuzz(): # Tested for quite a while without problems answers = [] for i in range(500): Di = log_uniform(1e-5, 100) rc = uniform(0, 100) angle = uniform(0, 180) Re = log_uniform(1e-5, 1E15) roughness = uniform(1e-10, Di*.95) L_unimpeded = log_uniform(1e-10, Di*1000) ans = bend_rounded_Miller(Di=Di, rc=rc, angle=angle, Re=Re, roughness=roughness, L_unimpeded=L_unimpeded) if isnan(ans) or isinf(ans): raise Exception answers.append(ans) assert min(answers) >= 0 assert max(answers) < 1E10 @pytest.mark.slow @pytest.mark.fuzz def test_bend_miter_Miller_fuzz(): # Tested for quite a while without problems answers = [] for i in range(10**3): Di = log_uniform(1e-5, 100) angle = uniform(0, 120) Re = log_uniform(1e-5, 1E15) roughness = uniform(1e-10, Di*.95) L_unimpeded = log_uniform(1e-10, Di*1000) ans = bend_miter_Miller(Di=Di, angle=angle, Re=Re, roughness=roughness, L_unimpeded=L_unimpeded) if isnan(ans) or isinf(ans): raise Exception answers.append(ans) assert min(answers) >= 0 assert max(answers) < 1E10 ### Diffusers def test_diffuser_sharp(): K_sharp = diffuser_sharp(Di1=.5, Di2=1.0) assert_close(K_sharp, 0.5625, rtol=1e-12) K = diffuser_sharp(Di1=.5, Di2=1.0, Re=1e5, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.5705953978879232, rtol=1e-12) K = diffuser_sharp(Di1=.5, Di2=1.0, Re=1e3, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 1.875, rtol=1e-12) K = diffuser_sharp(Di1=.5, Di2=1.0, Re=1e5, fd=1e-7, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.562500045) with pytest.raises(Exception): diffuser_sharp(Di1=.5, Di2=1.0, method='Hooper') with pytest.raises(Exception): diffuser_sharp(Di1=.5, Di2=1.0, method='BADMETHOD') def test_diffuser_conical(): assert_close(diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=50.0, Re=1e7), 0.8017372988217512) K1 = diffuser_conical(Di1=.1**0.5, Di2=1, angle=10., fd=0.020) K2 = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1, angle=50.0, fd=0.03) # 2 K3 = diffuser_conical(Di1=2/3., Di2=1, angle=40, fd=0.03) # 3 K4 = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1, angle=120, fd=0.0185) # #4 K5 = diffuser_conical(Di1=2/3., Di2=1, angle=120, fd=0.0185) # Last K6 = diffuser_conical(Di1=.1**0.5, Di2=1, l=3.908, fd=0.020) Ks = [0.12301652230915454, 0.8081340270019336, 0.32533470783539786, 0.812308728765127, 0.3282650135070033, 0.12300865396254032] assert_close1d([K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6], Ks) with pytest.raises(Exception): diffuser_conical(Di1=.1, Di2=0.1, angle=1800., fd=0.020) with pytest.raises(Exception): diffuser_conical(Di1=.1, Di2=0.1, fd=0.020) K1 = diffuser_conical_staged(Di1=1., Di2=10., DEs=[2.0,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], ls=[1.0,1.0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], fd=0.01) K2 = diffuser_conical(Di1=1., Di2=10.,l=9, fd=0.01) Ks = [1.7681854713484308, 0.973137914861591] assert_close1d([K1, K2], Ks) # Idelchilk Ks_Idelchik = [diffuser_conical(Di1=.1**0.5, Di2=1, l=l, method='Idelchik') for l in [.1, .5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 20]] Ks_Idelchik_expect = [0.8617385829640242, 0.9283647028367953, 0.7082429168951839, 0.291016580744589, 0.18504484868875992, 0.147705693811332, 0.12911637682462676, 0.17] assert_close1d(Ks_Idelchik, Ks_Idelchik_expect, rtol=1e-2) K = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=50.0, Re=1E6, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.79748427282836) K = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=15.0, Re=1E6, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.2706407222679227) K = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=15.0, Re=1E6, method='Hooper', fd=0.0) assert_close(K, 0.26814269611625413) K = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=15.0, Re=100, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.6703567402906352) K = diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=50.0, Re=1e6, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.79748427282836) # The two equations don't actually converge, there may be a case for interpolating here in the future # to produce smooth results assert_close(diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=45*(1+1e-13), Re=1e6, method='Hooper'), diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=45*(1-1e-13), Re=1e6, method='Hooper'), rtol=1e-2) with pytest.raises(Exception): diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=15.0, method='Hooper') with pytest.raises(Exception): diffuser_conical(Di1=1/3., Di2=1.0, angle=15.0, method='BADMETHOD') ### Contractions def test_contraction_sharp(): K_sharp = contraction_sharp(Di1=1.0, Di2=0.4) assert_close(K_sharp, 0.5301269161591805) K = contraction_sharp(Di1=1.0, Di2=0.4, Re=1e5, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.5112534765075794) K = contraction_sharp(Di1=1, Di2=0.4, Re=1e3, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 1.3251840000000001) K = contraction_sharp(Di1=1, Di2=0.4, Re=1e7, fd=1e-5, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.5040040320000001) with pytest.raises(Exception): contraction_sharp(Di1=1, Di2=0.4, method='Hooper') with pytest.raises(Exception): K = contraction_sharp(Di1=1, Di2=0.4, Re=1e5, method='BADMETHOD') K = contraction_sharp(3.0, 2.0, method='Crane') assert_close(K, 0.2777777777777778) # From Crane 7-19 Water sample problem # Convert back to the larger 3 inch diameter K = change_K_basis(contraction_conical_Crane(3*inch, 2*inch, l=1e-10), 2.*inch, 3.*inch,) assert_close(K, 1.4062499999999991) K = change_K_basis(contraction_sharp(3*inch, 2*inch, method='Crane'), 2.*inch, 3.*inch,) assert_close(K, 1.4062499999999991) def test_contraction_conical_Crane(): K2 = contraction_conical_Crane(Di1=0.0779, Di2=0.0525, l=0) assert_close(K2, 0.2729017979998056) def test_contraction_round(): K_round = contraction_round(Di1=1.0, Di2=0.4, rc=0.04) assert_close(K_round, 0.1783332490866574) K = contraction_round(Di1=1.0, Di2=0.4, rc=0.04, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.085659530512986387) K = contraction_round(Di1=1.0, Di2=0.4, rc=0.04, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.1008) with pytest.raises(Exception): contraction_round(Di1=1.0, Di2=0.4, rc=0.04, method='BADMETHOD') def test_contraction_round_Miller(): K = contraction_round_Miller(Di1=1, Di2=0.4, rc=0.04) assert_close(K, 0.085659530512986387) def test_contraction_conical(): K_conical1 = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=0.04, fd=0.0185) K_conical2 = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, angle=73.74, fd=0.0185) assert_close1d([K_conical1, K_conical2], [0.15779041548350314, 0.15779101784158286]) with pytest.raises(Exception): contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, fd=0.0185) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=.04, l=.004, Re=1E6, method='Rennels') assert_close(K, 0.47462419839494946) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=.04, l=.004, Re=1E6, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.391723) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=.04, l=.004, Re=1E6, method='Crane') assert_close(K, 0.41815380146594) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=.04, l=.004, Re=1E6, method='Swamee') assert_close(K, 0.4479863925376303) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=.04, l=.004, Re=1E6, method='Blevins') assert_close(K, 0.365) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=0.04, Re=1E6, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.0918289683812792) # high l ratio rounding K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.06, l=0.04, Re=1E6, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.08651515699621345) # low a ratio rounding K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.099, l=0.04, Re=1E6, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.03065262382984957) # low l ratio K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=0.001, Re=1E6, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.5) # high l ratio rounding K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.05, l=1, Re=1E6, method='Miller') assert_close(K, 0.04497085709551787) with pytest.raises(Exception): contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=.04, l=.004, Re=1E6, method='BADMETHOD') K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=0.04, Re=1E6, method='Hooper') # Turb, high angle assert_close(K, 0.39403366995770217, rtol=1e-12) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=.5, Re=1E6, method='Hooper') # low angle assert_close(K, 0.04874708101353686, rtol=1e-12) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=.5, Re=10, method='Hooper') # laminar assert_close(K, 1.606041003307766) K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=.5, Re=1E6, fd=1e-6, method='Hooper') assert_close(K, 0.04829718188073081) with pytest.raises(Exception): # Need re to determine regime contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=.5, fd=1e-6, method='Hooper') with pytest.raises(Exception): contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=.5, method='Rennels') # l_ratio > 0.6 case K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=10, fd=1e-6, method='Blevins') assert_close(K, 0.2025) # Case A_ratio > 10 K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.01, l=10, fd=1e-6, method='Blevins') assert_close(K, 0.27) # Case with A_ratio < 1.2 K = contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.099999, l=100, fd=1e-6, method='Blevins') assert_close(K, 0.03) # case angle_rad > 20.0*deg2rad K = contraction_conical(Di1=1, Di2=0.01, l=.5, fd=1e-6, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.21089636998777261) # case angle_rad < 2.0*deg2rad K = contraction_conical(Di1=1, Di2=0.99, l=.5, fd=1e-6, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.09947364590616913) # case angle_fric = angle_rad*rad2deg K = contraction_conical(Di1=1, Di2=0.5, l=10, fd=1e-6, method='Idelchik') assert_close(K, 0.431024986913148) # Default method assert_close(contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=0.04, Re=1e6), contraction_conical(Di1=0.1, Di2=0.04, l=0.04, Re=1e6, method='Rennels')) ### Valves def test_valve_coefficients(): Cv = Kv_to_Cv(2) assert_close(Cv, 2.3121984567073133) Kv = Cv_to_Kv(2.312) assert_close(Kv, 1.9998283393826013) K = Kv_to_K(2.312, .015) assert_close(K, 15.15337460039990) Kv = K_to_Kv(15.15337460039990, .015) assert_close(Kv, 2.312) # Two way conversions K = Cv_to_K(2.712, .015) assert_close(K, 14.719595348352552) assert_close(K, Kv_to_K(Cv_to_Kv(2.712), 0.015)) Cv = K_to_Cv(14.719595348352552, .015) assert_close(Cv, 2.712) assert_close(Cv, Kv_to_Cv(K_to_Kv(14.719595348352552, 0.015))) # Code to generate the Kv Cv conversion factor # Round 1 trip; randomly assume Kv = 12, rho = 900; they can be anything # an tit still works dP = 1E5 rho = 900. Kv = 12. Q = Kv/3600. D = .01 V = Q/(pi/4*D**2) K = dP/(.5*rho*V*V) good_K = K def to_solve(x): from fluids.constants import gallon, hour, minute, psi conversion = gallon/minute*hour # from gpm to m^3/hr dP = 1*psi Cv = Kv*x*conversion Q = Cv/3600 D = .01 V = Q/(pi/4*D**2) K = dP/(.5*rho*V*V) return K - good_K ans = secant(to_solve, 1.2) assert_close(ans, 1.1560992283536566) def test_K_gate_valve_Crane(): K = K_gate_valve_Crane(D1=.01, D2=.02, angle=45, fd=.015) assert_close(K, 14.548553268047963) K = K_gate_valve_Crane(D1=.1, D2=.1, angle=0, fd=.015) assert_close(K, 0.12) # non-smooth transition test K = K_gate_valve_Crane(D1=.1, D2=.146, angle=45, fd=.015) assert_close(K, 2.5577948931946746) K = K_gate_valve_Crane(D1=.1, D2=.146, angle=45.01, fd=.015) assert_close(K, 2.5719286772143595) K = K_gate_valve_Crane(D1=.1, D2=.146, angle=13.115) assert_close(K, 1.1466029421844073, rtol=1e-4) def test_K_globe_valve_Crane(): K = K_globe_valve_Crane(.01, .02, fd=.015) assert_close(K, 87.1) assert_close(K_globe_valve_Crane(.01, .01, fd=.015), .015*340) K = K_globe_valve_Crane(.01, .02) assert_close(K, 135.9200548324305) def test_K_angle_valve_Crane(): K = K_angle_valve_Crane(.01, .02, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 19.58) K = K_angle_valve_Crane(.01, .02, fd=.016, style=1) assert_close(K, 43.9) K = K_angle_valve_Crane(.01, .01, fd=.016, style=1) assert_close(K, 2.4) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_angle_valve_Crane(.01, .02, fd=.016, style=-1) K = K_angle_valve_Crane(.01, .02) assert_close(K, 26.597361811128465) def test_K_swing_check_valve_Crane(): K = K_swing_check_valve_Crane(D=.1, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 1.6) K = K_swing_check_valve_Crane(D=.1, fd=.016, angled=False) assert_close(K, 0.8) K = K_swing_check_valve_Crane(D=.02) assert_close(K, 2.3974274785373257) def test_K_lift_check_valve_Crane(): K = K_lift_check_valve_Crane(.01, .02, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 21.58) K = K_lift_check_valve_Crane(.01, .01, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 0.88) K = K_lift_check_valve_Crane(.01, .01, fd=.016, angled=False) assert_close(K, 9.6) K = K_lift_check_valve_Crane(.01, .02, fd=.016, angled=False) assert_close(K, 161.1) K = K_lift_check_valve_Crane(.01, .02) assert_close(K, 28.597361811128465) def test_K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(): K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.01, 5.0, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 0.64) K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.25, 5, fd=.016) assert_close(K, .48) K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.9, 5, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 0.32) K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.01, 15, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 1.92) K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.25, 15, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 1.44) K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.9, 15, fd=.016) assert_close(K, 0.96) K = K_tilting_disk_check_valve_Crane(.01, 5) assert_close(K, 1.1626516551826345) def test_K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(): K = K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165) assert_close(K, 4.5225599999999995) K = K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165, style=1) assert_close(K, 4.51992) K = K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165, style=2) assert_close(K, 4.513452) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165, style=-1) K = K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .1, .0165) assert_close(K, 6.6) K = K_globe_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, style=1) assert_close(K, 4.5235076518969795) def test_K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(): K = K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165) assert_close(K, 4.51728) K = K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165, style=1) assert_close(K, 4.52124) K = K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165, style=2) assert_close(K, 4.513452) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, .0165, style=-1) K = K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .1, .0165) assert_close(K, 3.3) K = K_angle_stop_check_valve_Crane(.1, .02, style=1) assert_close(K, 4.525425593879809) def test_K_ball_valve_Crane(): K = K_ball_valve_Crane(.01, .02, 50., .025) assert_close(K, 14.100545785228675) K = K_ball_valve_Crane(.01, .02, 40, .025) assert_close(K, 12.48666472974707) K = K_ball_valve_Crane(.01, .01, 0, .025) assert_close(K, 0.07500000000000001) K = K_ball_valve_Crane(.01, .02, 50) assert_close(K, 14.051310974926592) def test_K_diaphragm_valve_Crane(): K = K_diaphragm_valve_Crane(fd=0.015, style=0) assert_close(2.235, K) K = K_diaphragm_valve_Crane(fd=0.015, style=1) assert_close(K, 0.585) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_diaphragm_valve_Crane(fd=0.015, style=-1) K = K_diaphragm_valve_Crane(D=.1, style=0) assert_close(K, 2.4269804835982565) def test_K_foot_valve_Crane(): K = K_foot_valve_Crane(fd=0.015, style=0) assert_close(K, 6.3) K = K_foot_valve_Crane(fd=0.015, style=1) assert_close(K, 1.125) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_foot_valve_Crane(fd=0.015, style=-1) K = K_foot_valve_Crane(D=0.2, style=0) assert_close(K, 5.912221498436275) def test_K_butterfly_valve_Crane(): K = K_butterfly_valve_Crane(.1, 0.0165) assert_close(K, 0.7425) K = K_butterfly_valve_Crane(.3, 0.0165, style=1) assert_close(K, 0.8580000000000001) K = K_butterfly_valve_Crane(.6, 0.0165, style=2) assert_close(K, 0.9075000000000001) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_butterfly_valve_Crane(.6, 0.0165, style=-1) K = K_butterfly_valve_Crane(D=.1, style=2) assert_close(K, 3.5508841974793284) def test_K_plug_valve_Crane(): K = K_plug_valve_Crane(.01, .02, 50.0, .025) assert_close(K, 20.100545785228675) K = K_plug_valve_Crane(.01, .02, 50, .025, style=1) assert_close(K, 24.900545785228676) K = K_plug_valve_Crane(.01, .02, 50, .025, style=2) assert_close(K, 48.90054578522867) K = K_plug_valve_Crane(.01, .01, 50, .025, style=2) assert_close(K, 2.25) with pytest.raises(Exception): K_plug_valve_Crane(.01, .01, 50, .025, style=-1) K = K_plug_valve_Crane(D1=.01, D2=.02, angle=50) assert_close(K, 19.80513692341617) def test_v_lift_valve_Crane(): v = v_lift_valve_Crane(rho=998.2, D1=0.0627, D2=0.0779, style='lift check straight') assert_close(v, 1.0252301935349286) v = v_lift_valve_Crane(rho=998.2, style='swing check angled') assert_close(v, 1.4243074011010037) ### Tees def test_K_branch_converging_Crane(): K = K_branch_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.1023, 1135*liter/minute, 380*liter/minute, angle=90) assert_close(K, -0.04026, atol=.0001) K = K_branch_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.05, 1135*liter/minute, 380*liter/minute, angle=90) assert_close(K, 0.9799379575823042) K = K_branch_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.1023, 0.018917, 0.0133) assert_close(K, 0.2644824555594152) K = K_branch_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.1023, 0.018917, 0.0133, angle=45) assert_close(K, 0.13231793346761025) def test_K_run_converging_Crane(): K = K_run_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.1023, 0.018917, 0.00633) assert_close(K, 0.32575847854551254) K = K_run_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.1023, 0.018917, 0.00633, angle=30.0) assert_close(K, 0.32920396892611553) K = K_run_converging_Crane(0.1023, 0.1023, 0.018917, 0.00633, angle=60) assert_close(K, 0.3757218131135227) def test_K_branch_diverging_Crane(): K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.146, 1515*liter/minute, 950*liter/minute, angle=45.) assert_close(K, 0.4640, atol=0.0001) K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.146, 0.02525, 0.01583, angle=90) assert_close(K, 1.0910792393446236) K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.07, 0.02525, 0.01583, angle=45) assert_close(K, 1.1950718299625727) K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.07, 0.01425, 0.02283, angle=45) assert_close(K, 3.7281052908078762) K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.146, 0.02525, 0.01983, angle=90) assert_close(K, 1.1194688533508077) # New test cases post-errata K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.146, 0.02525, 0.04183, angle=45) assert_close(K, 0.30418565498014477) K = K_branch_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.116, 0.02525, 0.01983, angle=90) assert_close(K, 1.1456727552755597) def test_K_run_diverging_Crane(): K = K_run_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.146, 1515*liter/minute, 950*liter/minute, angle=45.) assert_close(K, -0.06809, atol=.00001) K = K_run_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.146, 0.01025, 0.01983, angle=45) assert_close(K, 0.041523953539921235) K = K_run_diverging_Crane(0.146, 0.08, 0.02525, 0.01583, angle=90) assert_close(K, 0.0593965132275684)