import unittest

from pyramid import testing
from pyramid.util import text_


class TestRoute(unittest.TestCase):
    def _getTargetClass(self):
        from pyramid.urldispatch import Route

        return Route

    def _makeOne(self, *arg):
        return self._getTargetClass()(*arg)

    def test_provides_IRoute(self):
        from zope.interface.verify import verifyObject

        from pyramid.interfaces import IRoute

        verifyObject(IRoute, self._makeOne('name', 'pattern'))

    def test_ctor(self):
        import types

        route = self._makeOne('name', ':path', 'factory')
        self.assertEqual(route.pattern, ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.path, ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.name, 'name')
        self.assertEqual(route.factory, 'factory')
        self.assertIsInstance(route.generate, types.FunctionType)
        self.assertIsInstance(route.match, types.FunctionType)

    def test_ctor_defaults(self):
        import types

        route = self._makeOne('name', ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.pattern, ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.path, ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.name, 'name')
        self.assertEqual(route.factory, None)
        self.assertIsInstance(route.generate, types.FunctionType)
        self.assertIsInstance(route.match, types.FunctionType)

    def test_match(self):
        route = self._makeOne('name', ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.match('/whatever'), {'path': 'whatever'})

    def test_generate(self):
        route = self._makeOne('name', ':path')
        self.assertEqual(route.generate({'path': 'abc'}), '/abc')


class RoutesMapperTests(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        testing.setUp()

    def tearDown(self):
        testing.tearDown()

    def _getRequest(self, **kw):
        from pyramid.threadlocal import get_current_registry

        request = DummyRequest(**kw)
        reg = get_current_registry()
        request.registry = reg
        return request

    def _getTargetClass(self):
        from pyramid.urldispatch import RoutesMapper

        return RoutesMapper

    def _makeOne(self):
        klass = self._getTargetClass()
        return klass()

    def test_provides_IRoutesMapper(self):
        from zope.interface.verify import verifyObject

        from pyramid.interfaces import IRoutesMapper

        verifyObject(IRoutesMapper, self._makeOne())

    def test_no_route_matches(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], None)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], None)

    def test_connect_name_exists_removes_old(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/:article')
        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/:article2')
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routelist), 1)
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routes), 1)
        self.assertEqual(
            mapper.routes['foo'].pattern, 'archives/:action/:article2'
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            mapper.routelist[0].pattern, 'archives/:action/:article2'
        )

    def test_connect_static(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/:article', static=True)
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routelist), 0)
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routes), 1)
        self.assertEqual(
            mapper.routes['foo'].pattern, 'archives/:action/:article'
        )

    def test_connect_static_overridden(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/:article', static=True)
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routelist), 0)
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routes), 1)
        self.assertEqual(
            mapper.routes['foo'].pattern, 'archives/:action/:article'
        )
        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/:article2')
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routelist), 1)
        self.assertEqual(len(mapper.routes), 1)
        self.assertEqual(
            mapper.routes['foo'].pattern, 'archives/:action/:article2'
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            mapper.routelist[0].pattern, 'archives/:action/:article2'
        )

    def test___call__pathinfo_cant_be_decoded(self):
        from pyramid.exceptions import URLDecodeError
        from pyramid.threadlocal import get_current_registry

        class DummyRequest:
            @property
            def path_info(self):
                return b'\xff\xfe\xe6\x00'.decode('utf-8')

        mapper = self._makeOne()
        request = DummyRequest()
        request.registry = get_current_registry()
        self.assertRaises(URLDecodeError, mapper, request)

    def test___call__pathinfo_KeyError(self):
        from pyramid.threadlocal import get_current_registry

        class DummyRequest:
            @property
            def path_info(self):
                # if the PATH_INFO is missing from the environ
                raise KeyError

        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('root', '')
        request = DummyRequest()
        request.registry = get_current_registry()
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['root'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], {})

    def test___call__route_matches(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/:article')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/archives/action1/article1')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['foo'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['action'], 'action1')
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['article'], 'article1')

    def test___call__route_matches_with_predicates(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect(
            'foo', 'archives/:action/:article', predicates=[lambda *arg: True]
        )
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/archives/action1/article1')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['foo'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['action'], 'action1')
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['article'], 'article1')

    def test___call__route_fails_to_match_with_predicates(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect(
            'foo',
            'archives/:action/article1',
            predicates=[lambda *arg: True, lambda *arg: False],
        )
        mapper.connect('bar', 'archives/:action/:article')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/archives/action1/article1')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['bar'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['action'], 'action1')
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['article'], 'article1')

    def test___call__custom_predicate_gets_info(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()

        def pred(info, request):
            self.assertEqual(info['match'], {'action': 'action1'})
            self.assertEqual(info['route'], mapper.routes['foo'])
            return True

        mapper.connect('foo', 'archives/:action/article1', predicates=[pred])
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/archives/action1/article1')
        mapper(request)

    def test_cc_bug(self):
        # "unordered" as reported in IRC by author of
        # http://labs.creativecommons.org/2010/01/13/cc-engine-and-web-non-frameworks/
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('rdf', 'licenses/:license_code/:license_version/rdf')
        mapper.connect(
            'juri', 'licenses/:license_code/:license_version/:jurisdiction'
        )

        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/licenses/1/v2/rdf')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['rdf'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['license_code'], '1')
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['license_version'], 'v2')

        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/licenses/1/v2/usa')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['juri'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['license_code'], '1')
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['license_version'], 'v2')
        self.assertEqual(result['match']['jurisdiction'], 'usa')

    def test___call__root_route_matches(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('root', '')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['root'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], {})

    def test___call__root_route_matches2(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('root', '/')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['root'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], {})

    def test___call__root_route_when_path_info_empty(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('root', '/')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['root'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], {})

    def test___call__root_route_when_path_info_notempty(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('root', '/')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='/')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['root'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], {})

    def test___call__no_path_info(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('root', '/')
        request = self._getRequest(path_info='')
        result = mapper(request)
        self.assertEqual(result['route'], mapper.routes['root'])
        self.assertEqual(result['match'], {})

    def test_has_routes(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        self.assertEqual(mapper.has_routes(), False)
        mapper.connect('whatever', 'archives/:action/:article')
        self.assertEqual(mapper.has_routes(), True)

    def test_get_routes(self):
        from pyramid.urldispatch import Route

        mapper = self._makeOne()
        self.assertEqual(mapper.get_routes(), [])
        mapper.connect('whatever', 'archives/:action/:article')
        routes = mapper.get_routes()
        self.assertEqual(len(routes), 1)
        self.assertEqual(routes[0].__class__, Route)

    def test_get_route_matches(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        mapper.connect('whatever', 'archives/:action/:article')
        result = mapper.get_route('whatever')
        self.assertEqual(result.pattern, 'archives/:action/:article')

    def test_get_route_misses(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()
        result = mapper.get_route('whatever')
        self.assertEqual(result, None)

    def test_generate(self):
        mapper = self._makeOne()

        def generator(kw):
            return 123

        route = DummyRoute(generator)
        mapper.routes['abc'] = route
        self.assertEqual(mapper.generate('abc', {}), 123)


class TestCompileRoute(unittest.TestCase):
    def _callFUT(self, pattern):
        from pyramid.urldispatch import _compile_route

        return _compile_route(pattern)

    def test_no_star(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT('/foo/:baz/biz/:buz/bar')
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz'}
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), None)
        self.assertEqual(generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2}), '/foo/1/biz/2/bar')

    def test_with_star(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT('/foo/:baz/biz/:buz/bar*traverse')
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'),
            {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz', 'traverse': ()},
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz/bar/everything/else/here'),
            {
                'baz': 'baz',
                'buz': 'buz',
                'traverse': ('everything', 'else', 'here'),
            },
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), None)
        self.assertEqual(
            generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2, 'traverse': '/a/b'}),
            '/foo/1/biz/2/bar/a/b',
        )

    def test_with_bracket_star(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT(
            '/foo/{baz}/biz/{buz}/bar{remainder:.*}'
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'),
            {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz', 'remainder': ''},
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz/bar/everything/else/here'),
            {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz', 'remainder': '/everything/else/here'},
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), None)
        self.assertEqual(
            generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2, 'remainder': '/a/b'}),
            '/foo/1/biz/2/bar/a/b',
        )

    def test_no_beginning_slash(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT('foo/:baz/biz/:buz/bar')
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz'}
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), None)
        self.assertEqual(generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2}), '/foo/1/biz/2/bar')

    def test_custom_regex(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT(
            'foo/{baz}/biz/{buz:[^/\\.]+}.{bar}'
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz.bar'),
            {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz', 'bar': 'bar'},
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), None)
        self.assertEqual(
            generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2, 'bar': 'html'}), '/foo/1/biz/2.html'
        )

    def test_custom_regex_with_colons(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT(
            'foo/{baz}/biz/{buz:(?:[^/\\.]+)}.{bar}'
        )
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/baz/biz/buz.bar'),
            {'baz': 'baz', 'buz': 'buz', 'bar': 'bar'},
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('foo/baz/biz/buz/bar'), None)
        self.assertEqual(
            generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2, 'bar': 'html'}), '/foo/1/biz/2.html'
        )

    def test_mixed_newstyle_oldstyle_pattern_defaults_to_newstyle(self):
        # pattern: '\\/foo\\/(?P<baz>abc)\\/biz\\/(?P<buz>[^/]+)\\/bar$'
        # note presence of :abc in pattern (oldstyle match)
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT('foo/{baz:abc}/biz/{buz}/bar')
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher('/foo/abc/biz/buz/bar'), {'baz': 'abc', 'buz': 'buz'}
        )
        self.assertEqual(generator({'baz': 1, 'buz': 2}), '/foo/1/biz/2/bar')

    def test_custom_regex_with_embedded_squigglies(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT('/{buz:\\d{4}}')
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/2001'), {'buz': '2001'})
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/200'), None)
        self.assertEqual(generator({'buz': 2001}), '/2001')

    def test_custom_regex_with_embedded_squigglies2(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT('/{buz:\\d{3,4}}')
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/2001'), {'buz': '2001'})
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/200'), {'buz': '200'})
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/20'), None)
        self.assertEqual(generator({'buz': 2001}), '/2001')

    def test_custom_regex_with_embedded_squigglies3(self):
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT(
            '/{buz:(\\d{2}|\\d{4})-[a-zA-Z]{3,4}-\\d{2}}'
        )
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/2001-Nov-15'), {'buz': '2001-Nov-15'})
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/99-June-10'), {'buz': '99-June-10'})
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/2-Nov-15'), None)
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/200-Nov-15'), None)
        self.assertEqual(matcher('/2001-No-15'), None)
        self.assertEqual(generator({'buz': '2001-Nov-15'}), '/2001-Nov-15')
        self.assertEqual(generator({'buz': '99-June-10'}), '/99-June-10')

    def test_pattern_with_high_order_literal(self):
        pattern = text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a/{x}', 'utf-8')
        matcher, generator = self._callFUT(pattern)
        self.assertEqual(
            matcher(text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a/x', 'utf-8')), {'x': 'x'}
        )
        self.assertEqual(generator({'x': '1'}), '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a/1')

    def test_pattern_generate_with_high_order_dynamic(self):
        pattern = '/{x}'
        _, generator = self._callFUT(pattern)
        self.assertEqual(
            generator({'x': text_(b'La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8')}),
            '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a',
        )

    def test_docs_sample_generate(self):
        # sample from urldispatch.rst
        pattern = text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a/{city}', 'utf-8')
        _, generator = self._callFUT(pattern)
        self.assertEqual(
            generator({'city': text_(b'Qu\xc3\xa9bec', 'utf-8')}),
            '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a/Qu%C3%A9bec',
        )

    def test_generate_with_mixedtype_values(self):
        pattern = '/{city}/{state}'
        _, generator = self._callFUT(pattern)
        result = generator(
            {
                'city': text_(b'Qu\xc3\xa9bec', 'utf-8'),
                'state': b'La Pe\xc3\xb1a',
            }
        )
        self.assertEqual(result, '/Qu%C3%A9bec/La%20Pe%C3%B1a')
        # should be a native string
        self.assertEqual(type(result), str)

    def test_highorder_pattern_utf8(self):
        pattern = b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a/{city}'
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, self._callFUT, pattern)

    def test_generate_with_string_remainder_and_unicode_replacement(self):
        pattern = text_(b'/abc*remainder', 'utf-8')
        _, generator = self._callFUT(pattern)
        result = generator(
            {'remainder': text_(b'/Qu\xc3\xa9bec/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8')}
        )
        self.assertEqual(result, '/abc/Qu%C3%A9bec/La%20Pe%C3%B1a')
        # should be a native string
        self.assertEqual(type(result), str)

    def test_generate_with_string_remainder_and_nonstring_replacement(self):
        pattern = text_(b'/abc/*remainder', 'utf-8')
        _, generator = self._callFUT(pattern)
        result = generator({'remainder': None})
        self.assertEqual(result, '/abc/None')
        # should be a native string
        self.assertEqual(type(result), str)


class TestCompileRouteFunctional(unittest.TestCase):
    def matches(self, pattern, path, expected):
        from pyramid.urldispatch import _compile_route

        matcher = _compile_route(pattern)[0]
        result = matcher(path)
        self.assertEqual(result, expected)

    def generates(self, pattern, dict, result):
        from pyramid.urldispatch import _compile_route

        self.assertEqual(_compile_route(pattern)[1](dict), result)

    def test_matcher_functional_notdynamic(self):
        self.matches('/', '', None)
        self.matches('', '', None)
        self.matches('/', '/foo', None)
        self.matches('/foo/', '/foo', None)
        self.matches('', '/', {})
        self.matches('/', '/', {})

    def test_matcher_functional_newstyle(self):
        self.matches('/{x}', '', None)
        self.matches('/{x}', '/', None)
        self.matches('/abc/{def}', '/abc/', None)
        self.matches('/{x}', '/a', {'x': 'a'})
        self.matches('zzz/{x}', '/zzz/abc', {'x': 'abc'})
        self.matches(
            'zzz/{x}*traverse', '/zzz/abc', {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': ()}
        )
        self.matches(
            'zzz/{x}*traverse',
            '/zzz/abc/def/g',
            {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': ('def', 'g')},
        )
        self.matches('*traverse', '/zzz/abc', {'traverse': ('zzz', 'abc')})
        self.matches('*traverse', '/zzz/ abc', {'traverse': ('zzz', ' abc')})
        # '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a'
        self.matches(
            '{x}',
            text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8'),
            {'x': text_(b'La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8')},
        )
        # '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a/x'
        self.matches(
            '*traverse',
            text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a/x'),
            {'traverse': (text_(b'La Pe\xc3\xb1a'), 'x')},
        )
        self.matches('/foo/{id}.html', '/foo/bar.html', {'id': 'bar'})
        self.matches(
            '/{num:[0-9]+}/*traverse',
            '/555/abc/def',
            {'num': '555', 'traverse': ('abc', 'def')},
        )
        self.matches(
            '/{num:[0-9]*}/*traverse',
            '/555/abc/def',
            {'num': '555', 'traverse': ('abc', 'def')},
        )
        self.matches('zzz/{_}', '/zzz/abc', {'_': 'abc'})
        self.matches('zzz/{_abc}', '/zzz/abc', {'_abc': 'abc'})
        self.matches('zzz/{abc_def}', '/zzz/abc', {'abc_def': 'abc'})

    def test_matcher_functional_oldstyle(self):
        self.matches('/:x', '', None)
        self.matches('/:x', '/', None)
        self.matches('/abc/:def', '/abc/', None)
        self.matches('/:x', '/a', {'x': 'a'})
        self.matches('zzz/:x', '/zzz/abc', {'x': 'abc'})
        self.matches(
            'zzz/:x*traverse', '/zzz/abc', {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': ()}
        )
        self.matches(
            'zzz/:x*traverse',
            '/zzz/abc/def/g',
            {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': ('def', 'g')},
        )
        self.matches('*traverse', '/zzz/abc', {'traverse': ('zzz', 'abc')})
        self.matches('*traverse', '/zzz/ abc', {'traverse': ('zzz', ' abc')})
        # '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a'
        # pattern, path, expected
        self.matches(
            ':x',
            text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8'),
            {'x': text_(b'La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8')},
        )
        # '/La%20Pe%C3%B1a/x'
        self.matches(
            '*traverse',
            text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a/x', 'utf-8'),
            {'traverse': (text_(b'La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8'), 'x')},
        )
        self.matches('/foo/:id.html', '/foo/bar.html', {'id': 'bar'})
        self.matches('/foo/:id_html', '/foo/bar_html', {'id_html': 'bar_html'})
        self.matches('zzz/:_', '/zzz/abc', {'_': 'abc'})
        self.matches('zzz/:_abc', '/zzz/abc', {'_abc': 'abc'})
        self.matches('zzz/:abc_def', '/zzz/abc', {'abc_def': 'abc'})

    def test_generator_functional_notdynamic(self):
        self.generates('', {}, '/')
        self.generates('/', {}, '/')

    def test_generator_functional_newstyle(self):
        self.generates('/{x}', {'x': ''}, '/')
        self.generates('/{x}', {'x': 'a'}, '/a')
        self.generates('/{x}', {'x': 'a/b/c'}, '/a/b/c')
        self.generates('/{x}', {'x': ':@&+$,'}, '/:@&+$,')
        self.generates('zzz/{x}', {'x': 'abc'}, '/zzz/abc')
        self.generates(
            'zzz/{x}*traverse', {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': ''}, '/zzz/abc'
        )
        self.generates(
            'zzz/{x}*traverse',
            {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': '/def/g'},
            '/zzz/abc/def/g',
        )
        self.generates(
            'zzz/{x}*traverse',
            {'x': ':@&+$,', 'traverse': '/:@&+$,'},
            '/zzz/:@&+$,/:@&+$,',
        )
        self.generates(
            '/{x}',
            {'x': text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8')},
            '//La%20Pe%C3%B1a',
        )
        self.generates(
            '/{x}*y',
            {'x': text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8'), 'y': '/rest/of/path'},
            '//La%20Pe%C3%B1a/rest/of/path',
        )
        self.generates(
            '*traverse',
            {'traverse': ('a', text_(b'La Pe\xf1a'))},
            '/a/La%20Pe%C3%B1a',
        )
        self.generates('/foo/{id}.html', {'id': 'bar'}, '/foo/bar.html')
        self.generates('/foo/{_}', {'_': '20'}, '/foo/20')
        self.generates('/foo/{_abc}', {'_abc': '20'}, '/foo/20')
        self.generates('/foo/{abc_def}', {'abc_def': '20'}, '/foo/20')

    def test_generator_functional_oldstyle(self):
        self.generates('/:x', {'x': ''}, '/')
        self.generates('/:x', {'x': 'a'}, '/a')
        self.generates('zzz/:x', {'x': 'abc'}, '/zzz/abc')
        self.generates(
            'zzz/:x*traverse', {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': ''}, '/zzz/abc'
        )
        self.generates(
            'zzz/:x*traverse',
            {'x': 'abc', 'traverse': '/def/g'},
            '/zzz/abc/def/g',
        )
        self.generates(
            '/:x',
            {'x': text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8')},
            '//La%20Pe%C3%B1a',
        )
        self.generates(
            '/:x*y',
            {'x': text_(b'/La Pe\xc3\xb1a', 'utf-8'), 'y': '/rest/of/path'},
            '//La%20Pe%C3%B1a/rest/of/path',
        )
        self.generates(
            '*traverse',
            {'traverse': ('a', text_(b'La Pe\xf1a'))},
            '/a/La%20Pe%C3%B1a',
        )
        self.generates('/foo/:id.html', {'id': 'bar'}, '/foo/bar.html')
        self.generates('/foo/:_', {'_': '20'}, '/foo/20')
        self.generates('/foo/:_abc', {'_abc': '20'}, '/foo/20')
        self.generates('/foo/:abc_def', {'abc_def': '20'}, '/foo/20')


class DummyContext:
    """ """


class DummyRequest:
    scheme = 'http'

    def __init__(self, **kw):
        self.__dict__.update(kw)


class DummyRoute:
    def __init__(self, generator):
        self.generate = generator