# = distribution.rb -
# Distribution - Statistical Distributions package for Ruby
#
# Copyright (C) 2011-2014  Claudio Bustos
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
#
# == Other Sources
#
# * Code of several Ruby engines came from statistics2.rb,
#   created by Shin-ichiro HARA(sinara@blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp).
#   Retrieve from http://blade.nagaokaut.ac.jp/~sinara/ruby/math/statistics2/
# * Code of Beta and Gamma distribution came from GSL project.
#   Ported by John O. Woods
# Specific notices will be placed where there are appropiate
#

require 'distribution/math_extension'
require 'distribution/version'

# Several distributions modules to calculate pdf, cdf, inverse cdf and generate
# pseudo-random numbers for several statistical distributions
#
# == Usage:
#    Distribution::Normal.cdf(1.96)
#    => 0.97500210485178
#    Distribution::Normal.p_value(0.95)
#    => 1.64485364660836
module Distribution
  SQ2PI = Math.sqrt(2 * Math::PI)

  module Shorthand
    EQUIVALENCES = { p_value: :p, cdf: :cdf, pdf: :pdf, rng: :r,
                     exact_pdf: :epdf, exact_cdf: :ecdf, exact_p_value: :ep }

    def self.add_shortcut(shortcut, method, &block)
      if EQUIVALENCES.include? method.to_sym
        name = shortcut + "_#{method}"
        define_method(name, &block)

        name = shortcut + "_#{EQUIVALENCES[method.to_sym]}"
        define_method(name, &block)

      end
    end
  end

  # Create a method 'has_<library>' on Module
  # which require a library and return true or false
  # according to success of failure
  def self.create_has_library(library) #:nodoc:
    define_singleton_method("has_#{library}?") do
      cv = "@@#{library}"
      unless class_variable_defined? cv
        begin
          require library.to_s
          class_variable_set(cv, true)
        rescue LoadError
          class_variable_set(cv, false)
        end
      end
      class_variable_get(cv)
    end
  end

  # Retrieves the libraries used to calculate
  # distributions
  def self.libraries_order
    order = [:Ruby_]
    order.unshift(:Statistics2_) if has_statistics2?
    order.unshift(:GSL_) if has_gsl?
    order.unshift(:Java_) if has_java?
    order
  end

  create_has_library :gsl
  create_has_library :statistics2
  create_has_library :java

  # Magic module
  module Distributable #:nodoc:
    # Create methods for each module and add methods to
    # Distribution::Shorthand.
    #
    # Traverse Distribution.libraries_order adding
    # methods availables for each engine module on
    # the current library
    #
    # Kids: Metaprogramming trickery! Don't do at work.
    # This section was created between a very long reunion
    # and a 456 Km. travel
    def create_distribution_methods
      Distribution.libraries_order.each do |l_name|
        if const_defined? l_name
          l = const_get(l_name)
          # Add methods from engine to base base, if not yet included
          l.singleton_methods.each do |m|
            unless singleton_methods.include? m
              define_method(m) do |*args|
                l.send(m, *args)
              end
              # Add method to Distribution::Shorthand
              sh = const_get(:SHORTHAND)
              Distribution::Shorthand.add_shortcut(sh, m) do |*args|
                l.send(m, *args)
              end

              module_function m
            end
          end
        end
      end
      # create alias for common methods
      alias_method :inverse_cdf, :p_value if singleton_methods.include? :p_value
    end
  end

  def self.init_java
    $LOAD_PATH.unshift File.expand_path('../../vendor/java', __FILE__)
    require 'commons-math-2.2.jar'
    java_import 'org.apache.commons.math.distribution.NormalDistributionImpl'
    java_import 'org.apache.commons.math.distribution.PoissonDistributionImpl'
  end

  require 'distribution/normal'
  require 'distribution/chisquare'
  require 'distribution/gamma'
  require 'distribution/beta'
  require 'distribution/t'
  require 'distribution/f'
  require 'distribution/bivariatenormal'
  require 'distribution/binomial'
  require 'distribution/hypergeometric'
  require 'distribution/exponential'
  require 'distribution/poisson'
  require 'distribution/logistic'
  require 'distribution/lognormal'
  require 'distribution/weibull'

  init_java if has_java?
end