/** BEGIN COPYRIGHT BLOCK
 * Copyright (C) 2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Used by permission.
 * Copyright (C) 2005 Red Hat, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * mozldap_ldap_explode, mozldap_ldap_explode_dn, mozldap_ldap_explode_rdn
 * are from the file ldap/libraries/libldap/getdn.c in the Mozilla LDAP C SDK
 *
 * Version: MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
 * 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
 * for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the
 * License.
 *
 * The Original Code is Mozilla Communicator client code, released
 * March 31, 1998.
 *
 * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
 * Netscape Communications Corporation.
 * Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1998-1999
 * the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Contributor(s):
 *
 * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
 * either of the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"),
 * or the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 or later (the "LGPL"),
 * in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead
 * of those above. If you wish to allow use of your version of this file only
 * under the terms of either the GPL or the LGPL, and not to allow others to
 * use your version of this file under the terms of the MPL, indicate your
 * decision by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
 * and other provisions required by the GPL or the LGPL. If you do not delete
 * the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
 * the terms of any one of the MPL, the GPL or the LGPL.
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 1994 Regents of the University of Michigan.
 *  All rights reserved.
 *
 * License: GPL (version 3 or any later version).
 * See LICENSE for details.
 * END COPYRIGHT BLOCK **/

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

/* ldaputil.c   -- LDAP utility functions and wrappers */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <pk11func.h>
#include "slap.h"
#include "prtime.h"
#include "prinrval.h"
#include "snmp_collator.h"

/* need mutex around ldap_initialize - see https://fedorahosted.org/389/ticket/348 */
static PRCallOnceType ol_init_callOnce = {0, 0, 0};
static PRLock *ol_init_lock = NULL;

extern void getSSLVersionRangeOL(int *min, int *max);
extern int getSSLVersionRange(char **min, char **max);

static PRStatus
internal_ol_init_init(void)
{
    PR_ASSERT(NULL == ol_init_lock);
    if ((ol_init_lock = PR_NewLock()) == NULL) {
        PRErrorCode errorCode = PR_GetError();
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "internal_ol_init_init", "PR_NewLock failed %d:%s\n",
                      errorCode, slapd_pr_strerror(errorCode));
        return PR_FAILURE;
    }

    return PR_SUCCESS;
}

/* the server depends on the old, deprecated ldap_explode behavior which openldap
   does not support - the use of the mozldap code should be discouraged as
   there are issues that mozldap does not handle correctly. */
static char **mozldap_ldap_explode(const char *dn, const int notypes, const int nametype);
static char **mozldap_ldap_explode_dn(const char *dn, const int notypes);
static char **mozldap_ldap_explode_rdn(const char *rdn, const int notypes);

#ifdef HAVE_KRB5
static void clear_krb5_ccache(void);
#endif

/*
 * Function: slapi_ldap_unbind()
 * Purpose: release an LDAP session obtained from a call to slapi_ldap_init().
 */
void
slapi_ldap_unbind(LDAP *ld)
{
    if (ld != NULL) {
        ldap_unbind_ext(ld, NULL, NULL);
    }
}

/* mozldap ldap_init and ldap_url_parse accept a hostname in the form
   host1[:port1]SPACEhost2[:port2]SPACEhostN[:portN]
   where SPACE is a single space (0x20) character
   for openldap, we have to convert this to a string like this:
   PROTO://host1[:port1]/SPACEPROTO://host2[:port2]/SPACEPROTO://hostN[:portN]/
   where PROTO is ldap or ldaps or ldapi
   if proto is NULL, assume hostname_or_uri is really a valid ldap uri
*/
static char *
convert_to_openldap_uri(const char *hostname_or_uri, int port, const char *proto)
{
    char *retstr = NULL;
    char *my_copy = NULL;
    char *start = NULL;
    char *iter = NULL;
    char *ptr = NULL;
    char *s = NULL;
    const char *brkstr = " ";
    int done = 0;

    if (!hostname_or_uri) {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (slapi_is_ipv6_addr(hostname_or_uri)) {
        /* We need to encapsulate the ipv6 addr with brackets  */
        my_copy = slapi_ch_smprintf("[%s]", hostname_or_uri);
    } else {
        my_copy = slapi_ch_strdup(hostname_or_uri);
    }

    /* see if hostname_or_uri is an ldap uri */
    if (!proto && !PL_strncasecmp(my_copy, "ldap", 4)) {
        start = my_copy + 4;
        if ((*start == 's') || (*start == 'i')) {
            start++;
        }
        if (!PL_strncmp(start, "://", 3)) {
            *start = '\0';
            proto = my_copy;
        } else {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "convert_to_openldap_uri",
                          "The given LDAP URI [%s] is not valid\n", hostname_or_uri);
            goto end;
        }
    } else if (!proto) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "convert_to_openldap_uri",
                      "The given LDAP URI [%s] is not valid\n", hostname_or_uri);
        goto end;
    }
    /* else just assume it's not a uri */

    for (s = ldap_utf8strtok_r(my_copy, brkstr, &iter); s != NULL; s = ldap_utf8strtok_r(NULL, brkstr, &iter)) {
        /* strtok will grab the '/' at the end of the uri, if any,  so terminate parsing there */
        if ((ptr = strchr(s, '/'))) {
            *ptr = '\0';
            done = 1;
        }
        if (retstr) {
            retstr = PR_sprintf_append(retstr, "/ %s://%s", proto, s);
        } else {
            retstr = PR_smprintf("%s://%s", proto, s);
        }
        if (done) {
            break;
        }
    }

    /* add the port on the last one */
    retstr = PR_sprintf_append(retstr, ":%d/", port);
end:
    slapi_ch_free_string(&my_copy);
    return retstr;
}

const char *
slapi_urlparse_err2string(int err)
{
    const char *s = "internal error";

    switch (err) {
    case 0:
        s = "no error";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADSCOPE:
        s = "invalid search scope";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_MEM:
        s = "unable to allocate memory";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_PARAM:
        s = "bad parameter to an LDAP URL function";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADSCHEME:
        s = "does not begin with ldap://, ldaps://, or ldapi://";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADENCLOSURE:
        s = "missing trailing '>' in enclosure";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADURL:
        s = "not a valid LDAP URL";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADHOST:
        s = "hostname part of url is not valid or not given";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADATTRS:
        s = "attribute list not formatted correctly or missing";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADFILTER:
        s = "search filter not correct";
        break;
    case LDAP_URL_ERR_BADEXTS:
        s = "extensions not specified correctly";
        break;
    }

    return (s);
}

/* there are various differences among url parsers - directory server
   needs the ability to parse partial URLs - those with no dn - and
   needs to be able to tell if it is a secure url (ldaps) or not */
int
slapi_ldap_url_parse(const char *url, LDAPURLDesc **ludpp, int require_dn, int *secure)
{
    PR_ASSERT(url);
    PR_ASSERT(ludpp);
    int rc;
    /* This blocks NULL getting to strlen via url_to_use later in the function. */
    if (url == NULL) {
        return LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
    }
    const char *url_to_use = url;
    char *urlescaped = NULL;

    if (secure) {
        *secure = 0;
    }
    /* openldap does not support the non-standard multi host:port URLs supported
       by mozldap - so we have to fake out openldap - replace all spaces with %20 -
       replace all but the last colon with %3A
       Go to the 3rd '/' or to the end of the string (convert only the host:port part) */
    if (url) {
        char *p = strstr(url, "://");
        if (p) {
            int foundspace = 0;
            int coloncount = 0;
            char *lastcolon = NULL;

            p += 3;
            for (; *p && (*p != '/'); p++) {
                if (*p == ' ') {
                    foundspace = 1;
                }
                if (*p == ':') {
                    coloncount++;
                    lastcolon = p;
                }
            }
            if (foundspace) {
                char *src = NULL, *dest = NULL;

                /* have to convert url, len * 3 is way too much, but acceptable */
                urlescaped = slapi_ch_calloc(strlen(url) * 3, sizeof(char));
                dest = urlescaped;
                /* copy the scheme */
                src = strstr(url, "://");
                src += 3;
                memcpy(dest, url, src - url);
                dest += (src - url);
                /*
                 * we have to convert all spaces to %20 - we have to convert
                 * all colons except the last one to %3A
                 */
                for (; *src; ++src) {
                    if (src < p) {
                        if (*src == ' ') {
                            memcpy(dest, "%20", 3);
                            dest += 3;
                        } else if ((coloncount > 1) && (*src == ':') && (src != lastcolon)) {
                            memcpy(dest, "%3A", 3);
                            dest += 3;
                        } else {
                            *dest++ = *src;
                        }
                    } else {
                        *dest++ = *src;
                    }
                }
                *dest = '\0';
                url_to_use = urlescaped;
            }
        }
    }

#if defined(HAVE_LDAP_URL_PARSE_EXT) && defined(LDAP_PVT_URL_PARSE_NONE) && defined(LDAP_PVT_URL_PARSE_NOEMPTY_DN)
    rc = ldap_url_parse_ext(url_to_use, ludpp, require_dn ? LDAP_PVT_URL_PARSE_NONE : LDAP_PVT_URL_PARSE_NOEMPTY_DN);
#else
    rc = ldap_url_parse(url_to_use, ludpp);
    if ((rc || !*ludpp) && !require_dn) { /* failed - see if failure was due to missing dn */
        size_t len = strlen(url_to_use);
        /* assume the url is just scheme://host:port[/] - add the empty string
           as the DN (adding a trailing / first if needed) and try to parse
           again
        */
        char *urlcopy;
        if (len > 0) {
            urlcopy = slapi_ch_smprintf("%s%s%s", url_to_use, (url_to_use[len - 1] == '/' ? "" : "/"), "");
        } else {
            /* When len == 0, this is effectively what we create ... */
            urlcopy = slapi_ch_smprintf("/");
        }
        if (*ludpp) {
            ldap_free_urldesc(*ludpp); /* free the old one, if any */
        }
        rc = ldap_url_parse(urlcopy, ludpp);
        slapi_ch_free_string(&urlcopy);
        if (0 == rc) { /* only problem was the DN - free it */
            slapi_ch_free_string(&((*ludpp)->lud_dn));
        }
    }
#endif
    if (!rc && *ludpp && secure) {
        *secure = (*ludpp)->lud_scheme && !strcmp((*ludpp)->lud_scheme, "ldaps");
    }

    if (urlescaped && (*ludpp) && (*ludpp)->lud_host) {
        /* have to unescape lud_host - can unescape in place */
        char *p = strstr((*ludpp)->lud_host, "://");
        if (p) {
            char *dest = NULL;
            p += 3;
            dest = p;
            /* up to the first '/', unescape the host */
            for (; *p && (*p != '/'); p++) {
                if (!strncmp(p, "%20", 3)) {
                    *dest++ = ' ';
                    p += 2;
                } else if (!strncmp(p, "%3A", 3)) {
                    *dest++ = ':';
                    p += 2;
                } else {
                    *dest++ = *p;
                }
            }
            /* just copy the remainder of the host, if any */
            while (*p) {
                *dest++ = *p++;
            }
            *dest = '\0';
        }
    }
    slapi_ch_free_string(&urlescaped);
    return rc;
}

#include <sasl/sasl.h>


/* Warning: caller must free s (if not NULL) */
int
slapi_ldap_get_lderrno(LDAP *ld, char **m, char **s)
{
    int rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;

    ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_RESULT_CODE, &rc);
    if (m) {
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_MATCHED_DN, m);
    }
    if (s) {
#ifdef LDAP_OPT_DIAGNOSTIC_MESSAGE
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_DIAGNOSTIC_MESSAGE, s);
#else
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_ERROR_STRING, s);
        if (*s) {
            *s = slapi_ch_strdup(*s);
        }
#endif
    }
    return rc;
}

void
slapi_ldif_put_type_and_value_with_options(char **out, const char *t, const char *val, int vlen, unsigned long options)
{
    /* openldap always wraps and always does conservative base64 encoding
       we unwrap here, but clients will have to do their own base64 decode */
    int type = LDIF_PUT_VALUE;
    char *save = *out;

    if (options & LDIF_OPT_VALUE_IS_URL) {
        type = LDIF_PUT_URL;
    }
    ldif_sput(out, type, t, val, vlen);
    if (options & LDIF_OPT_NOWRAP) {
        /* modify out in place, stripping out continuation lines */
        char *src = save;
        char *dest = save;
        for (; src < *out; ++src) {
            if ((src < (*out - 2)) && !strncmp(src, "\n ", 2)) {
                src += 2; /* skip continuation */
            }
            *dest++ = *src;
        }
        *out = dest; /* move 'out' back if we removed some continuation lines */
    }
}

void
slapi_ldap_value_free(char **vals)
{
    slapi_ch_array_free(vals);
}

int
slapi_ldap_count_values(char **vals)
{
    return ldap_count_values_len((struct berval **)vals);
}

int
slapi_ldap_create_proxyauth_control(
    LDAP *ld __attribute__((unused)), /* only used to get current ber options */
    const char *dn,                   /* proxy dn */
    const char ctl_iscritical,
    int usev2,          /* use the v2 (.18) control instead */
    LDAPControl **ctrlp /* value to return */
    )
{
    int rc = 0;
    BerElement *ber = NULL;
    int beropts = 0;
    char *berfmtstr = NULL;
    char *ctrloid = NULL;
    struct berval *bv = NULL;

    /* note - there is currently no way to get the beroptions from the ld*,
       so we just hard code it here */
    beropts = LBER_USE_DER; /* openldap seems to use DER by default */
    if (ctrlp == NULL) {
        return LDAP_PARAM_ERROR;
    }
    if (NULL == dn) {
        dn = "";
    }

    if (NULL == (ber = ber_alloc_t(beropts))) {
        return LDAP_NO_MEMORY;
    }

    if (usev2) {
        berfmtstr = "s";
        ctrloid = LDAP_CONTROL_PROXIEDAUTH;
    } else {
        berfmtstr = "{s}";
        ctrloid = LDAP_CONTROL_PROXYAUTH;
    }

    /* Curiously, LBER_ERROR is uint, but set to -1 (0xffffffffU), even though ber_printf is int ... */
    if (LBER_ERROR == ber_printf(ber, berfmtstr, dn)) {
        ber_free(ber, 1);
        return LDAP_ENCODING_ERROR;
    }

    if (LBER_ERROR == ber_flatten(ber, &bv)) {
        ber_bvfree(bv);
        ber_free(ber, 1);
        return LDAP_ENCODING_ERROR;
    }

    if (NULL == bv) {
        ber_free(ber, 1);
        return LDAP_NO_MEMORY;
    }

    rc = ldap_control_create(ctrloid, ctl_iscritical, bv, 1, ctrlp);
    ber_bvfree(bv);
    ber_free(ber, 1);
    return rc;
}

int
slapi_ldif_parse_line(
    char *line,
    struct berval *type,
    struct berval *value,
    int *freeval)
{
    int rc;
    rc = ldif_parse_line2(line, type, value, freeval);
    return rc;
}

static int
setup_ol_tls_conn(LDAP *ld, int clientauth)
{
    char *certdir;
    int optval = 0;
    int ssl_strength = 0;
    int rc = 0;
    const char *cacert = NULL;

    /* certdir is used to setup outgoing secure connection (openldap)
     * It refers to the place where PEM files have been extracted
     *
     * If a private tmp namespace exists
     * it is the place where PEM files have been extracted
     */
    if ((certdir = check_private_certdir()) == NULL) {
        certdir = config_get_certdir();
    }

    if (config_get_ssl_check_hostname()) {
        ssl_strength = LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_HARD;
    } else {
        /* verify certificate only */
        ssl_strength = LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_NEVER;
    }

    if (ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_REQUIRE_CERT, &ssl_strength)) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                      "failed: unable to set REQUIRE_CERT option to %d\n", ssl_strength);
    }
    if (slapi_client_uses_non_nss(ld)  && config_get_extract_pem()) {
        cacert = slapi_get_cacertfile();
        if (cacert) {
            /* CA Cert PEM file exists.  Set the path to openldap option. */
            rc = ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_CACERTFILE, cacert);
            if (rc) {
                slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                              "Could not set CA cert path [%s]: %d:%s\n",
                              cacert, rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
            }
        }
    }
    if (slapi_client_uses_openssl(ld)) {
        int32_t crlcheck = LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_CRL_NONE;
        tls_check_crl_t tls_check_state = config_get_tls_check_crl();
        if (tls_check_state == TLS_CHECK_PEER) {
            crlcheck = LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_CRL_PEER;
        } else if (tls_check_state == TLS_CHECK_ALL) {
            crlcheck = LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_CRL_ALL;
        }
        /* Sets the CRL evaluation strategy. */
        rc = ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_CRLCHECK, &crlcheck);
        if (rc) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                    "Could not set CRLCHECK [%d]: %d:%s\n",
                    crlcheck, rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
        }
    }
    /* tell it where our cert db/file is */
    if (ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_CACERTDIR, certdir)) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                      "failed: unable to set CACERTDIR option to %s\n", certdir);
    }
    slapi_ch_free_string(&certdir);
#if defined(LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_PROTOCOL_MIN)
    getSSLVersionRangeOL(&optval, NULL);
    if (ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_PROTOCOL_MIN, &optval)) {
        char *minstr = NULL;
        (void)getSSLVersionRange(&minstr, NULL);
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                      "failed: unable to set minimum TLS protocol level to %s\n", minstr);
        slapi_ch_free_string(&minstr);
    }
#endif /* LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_PROTOCOL_MIN */
    if (clientauth) {
        rc = slapd_SSL_client_auth(ld);
        if (rc) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                          "failed: unable to setup connection for TLS/SSL EXTERNAL client cert authentication - %d\n", rc);
        }
    }

    /* have to do this last - this creates the new TLS handle and sets/copies
       all of the parameters set above into that TLS handle context - note
       that optval is zero, meaning create a context for a client */
    optval = 0;
    if ((rc = ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_NEWCTX, &optval))) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "setup_ol_tls_conn",
                      "failed: unable to create new TLS context - %d\n", rc);
    }

    return rc;
}

/*
  Perform LDAP init and return an LDAP* handle.  If ldapurl is given,
  that is used as the basis for the protocol, host, port, and whether
  to use starttls (given on the end as ldap://..../?????starttlsOID
  If hostname is given, LDAP or LDAPS is assumed, and this will override
  the hostname from the ldapurl, if any.  If port is > 0, this is the
  port number to use.  It will override the port in the ldapurl, if any.
  If no port is given in port or ldapurl, the default will be used based
  on the secure setting (389 for ldap, 636 for ldaps, 389 for starttls)
  secure takes 1 of 3 values - 0 means regular ldap, 1 means ldaps, 2
  means regular ldap with starttls.
  ldapi_socket is the ldapi file name
     if this is given, and no other options are given, ldapi is assumed.
 */
/* util_sasl_path: the string argument for putenv.
   It must be a global or a static */
char util_sasl_path[MAXPATHLEN];

LDAP *
slapi_ldap_init_ext(
    const char *ldapurl,                /* full ldap url */
    const char *hostname,               /* can also use this to override
                             host in url */
    int port,                           /* can also use this to override port in url */
    int secure,                         /* 0 for ldap, 1 for ldaps, 2 for starttls -
                   override proto in url */
    int shared __attribute__((unused)), /* if true, LDAP* will be shared among multiple threads */
    const char *ldapi_socket            /* for ldapi */
    )
{
    LDAPURLDesc *ludp = NULL;
    LDAP *ld = NULL;
    int rc = 0;
    int secureurl = 0;
    int ldap_version3 = LDAP_VERSION3;

    /* We need to provide a sasl path used for client connections, especially
       if the server is not set up to be a sasl server - since mozldap provides
       no way to override the default path programatically, we set the sasl
       path to the environment variable SASL_PATH. */
    char *configpluginpath = config_get_saslpath();
    char *pluginpath = configpluginpath;
    char *pp = NULL;

    if (NULL == pluginpath || (*pluginpath == '\0')) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_SHELL, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                      "config_get_saslpath returns NULL\n");
        pluginpath = ldaputil_get_saslpath();
    }
    if ('\0' == util_sasl_path[0] ||                  /* first time */
        NULL == (pp = strchr(util_sasl_path, '=')) || /* invalid arg for putenv */
        (0 != strcmp(++pp, pluginpath)) /* sasl_path has been updated */) {
        PR_snprintf(util_sasl_path, sizeof(util_sasl_path), "SASL_PATH=%s", pluginpath);
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_SHELL, "slapi_ldap_init_ext", "putenv(%s)\n", util_sasl_path);
        putenv(util_sasl_path);
    }
    slapi_ch_free_string(&configpluginpath);

    /* if ldapurl is given, parse it */
    if (ldapurl && ((rc = slapi_ldap_url_parse(ldapurl, &ludp, 0, &secureurl)) || !ludp)) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                      "Could not parse given LDAP URL [%s] : error [%s]\n",
                      ldapurl, /* ldapurl cannot be NULL here */
                      slapi_urlparse_err2string(rc));
        goto done;
    }

    /* use url host if no host given */
    if (!hostname && ludp && ludp->lud_host) {
        hostname = ludp->lud_host;
    }

    /* use url port if no port given */
    if (!port && ludp && ludp->lud_port) {
        port = ludp->lud_port;
    }

    /* use secure setting from url if none given */
    if (!secure && ludp) {
        if (secureurl) {
            secure = SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_SSL;
        } else if (0 /* starttls option - not supported yet in LDAP URLs */) {
            secure = SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_startTLS;
        }
    }

    if (ldapurl) {
        if (PR_SUCCESS != PR_CallOnce(&ol_init_callOnce, internal_ol_init_init)) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                          "Could not perform internal ol_init init\n");
            goto done;
        }

        PR_Lock(ol_init_lock);
        rc = ldap_initialize(&ld, ldapurl);
        PR_Unlock(ol_init_lock);
        if (rc) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                          "Could not initialize LDAP connection to [%s]: %d:%s\n",
                          ldapurl, rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
            goto done;
        }
    } else {
        char *makeurl = NULL;

        if (ldapi_socket) {
            makeurl = slapi_ch_smprintf("ldapi://%s/", ldapi_socket);
        } else { /* host port */
            makeurl = convert_to_openldap_uri(hostname, port,
                                              (secure == SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_SSL ? "ldaps" : "ldap"));
        }
        if (PR_SUCCESS != PR_CallOnce(&ol_init_callOnce, internal_ol_init_init)) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                          "Could not perform internal ol_init init\n");
            slapi_ch_free_string(&makeurl);
            goto done;
        }

        PR_Lock(ol_init_lock);
        rc = ldap_initialize(&ld, makeurl);
        PR_Unlock(ol_init_lock);
        if (rc) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                          "Could not initialize LDAP connection to [%s]: %d:%s\n",
                          makeurl, rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
            slapi_ch_free_string(&makeurl);
            goto done;
        }
        slapi_ch_free_string(&makeurl);
    }

    if (config_get_connection_nocanon()) {
        /*
         * The NONCANON flag tells openldap to use the hostname specified in
         * the ldap_initialize command, rather than looking up the
         * hostname using gethostname or similar - this allows running
         * sasl/gssapi tests on machines that don't have a canonical
         * hostname (such as localhost.localdomain).
         */
        if ((rc = ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_SASL_NOCANON, LDAP_OPT_ON))) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                          "Could not set ldap option LDAP_OPT_X_SASL_NOCANON for (%s), error %d (%s)\n",
                          ldapurl, rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
        }
    }

    /* must explicitly set version to 3 */
    ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_PROTOCOL_VERSION, &ldap_version3);

    /* Update snmp interaction table */
    if (hostname) {
        if (ld == NULL) {
            set_snmp_interaction_row((char *)hostname, port, -1);
        } else {
            set_snmp_interaction_row((char *)hostname, port, 0);
        }
    }

    if (ld && !ldapi_socket) {
        /*
         * Set the outbound LDAP I/O timeout based on the server config.
         */
        int io_timeout_ms = config_get_outbound_ldap_io_timeout();

        if (io_timeout_ms > 0) {
            struct timeval tv;

            tv.tv_sec = io_timeout_ms / 1000;
            tv.tv_usec = (io_timeout_ms % 1000) * 1000;
            if (LDAP_OPT_SUCCESS != ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_NETWORK_TIMEOUT, &tv)) {
                slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                              "failed: unable to set outbound I/O timeout to %dms\n", io_timeout_ms);
                slapi_ldap_unbind(ld);
                ld = NULL;
                goto done;
            }
        }

        /*
         * Set SSL strength (server certificate validity checking).
         */
        if (secure > 0) {
            if (setup_ol_tls_conn(ld, 0)) {
                slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                              "failed: unable to set SSL/TLS options\n");
            }
        }
    }

    if (ld && (secure == SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_startTLS)) {
        /*
         * We don't have a way to stash context data with the LDAP*, so we
         * stash the information in the client controls (currently unused).
         * We don't want to open the connection in ldap_init, since that's
         * not the semantic - the connection is not usually opened until
         * the first operation is sent, which is usually the bind - or
         * in this case, the start_tls - so we stash the start_tls so
         * we can do it in slapi_ldap_bind - note that this will get
         * cleaned up when the LDAP* is disposed of
         */
        LDAPControl start_tls_dummy_ctrl;
        LDAPControl **clientctrls = NULL;

        /* returns copy of controls */
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_CLIENT_CONTROLS, &clientctrls);

        start_tls_dummy_ctrl.ldctl_oid = START_TLS_OID;
        start_tls_dummy_ctrl.ldctl_value.bv_val = NULL;
        start_tls_dummy_ctrl.ldctl_value.bv_len = 0;
        start_tls_dummy_ctrl.ldctl_iscritical = 0;
        slapi_add_control_ext(&clientctrls, &start_tls_dummy_ctrl, 1);
        /* set option frees old list and copies the new list */
        ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_CLIENT_CONTROLS, clientctrls);
        ldap_controls_free(clientctrls); /* free the copy */
    }

    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_SHELL, "slapi_ldap_init_ext",
                  "Success: set up conn to [%s:%d]%s\n",
                  hostname, port,
                  (secure == SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_startTLS) ? " using startTLS" : ((secure == SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_SSL) ? " using SSL" : ""));
done:
    ldap_free_urldesc(ludp);

    return (ld);
}

char *
ldaputil_get_saslpath()
{
    char *saslpath = getenv("SASL_PATH");
    if (NULL == saslpath) {
#if defined(LINUX) && defined(__LP64__)
        saslpath = "/usr/lib64/sasl2";
        if (PR_SUCCESS != PR_Access(saslpath, PR_ACCESS_EXISTS)) {
#ifdef CPU_arm
            /* the 64-bit ARMv8 architecture. */
            saslpath = "/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/sasl2";
#elif defined(CPU_powerpc64le)
            saslpath = "/usr/lib/powerpc64le-linux-gnu/sasl2";
#elif defined(CPU_s390x)
            saslpath = "/usr/lib/s390x-linux-gnu/sasl2";
#else
            /* Try x86_64 gnu triplet */
            saslpath = "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/sasl2";
#endif
        }
#else
        saslpath = "/usr/lib/sasl2";
        if (PR_SUCCESS != PR_Access(saslpath, PR_ACCESS_EXISTS)) {
#ifdef CPU_arm
            /* the latest 32 bit ARM architecture using the hard-float version of EABI. */
            saslpath = "/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/sasl2";
            if (PR_SUCCESS != PR_Access(saslpath, PR_ACCESS_EXISTS)) {
                /* the 32 bit ARM architecture of EABI. */
                saslpath = "/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabi/sasl2";
            }
#else
            /* Try i386 gnu triplet */
            saslpath = "/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/sasl2";
#endif
        }
#endif
    }
    return saslpath;
}

/*
 * Function: slapi_ldap_init()
 * Description: just like ldap_ssl_init() but also arranges for the LDAP
 *    session handle returned to be safely shareable by multiple threads
 *    if "shared" is non-zero.
 * Returns:
 *    an LDAP session handle (NULL if some local error occurs).
 */
LDAP *
slapi_ldap_init(char *ldaphost, int ldapport, int secure, int shared)
{
    return slapi_ldap_init_ext(NULL, ldaphost, ldapport, secure, shared, NULL /*, NULL*/);
}

static PRCallOnceType krb5_callOnce = {0, 0, 0};
static PRLock *krb5_lock = NULL;

static PRStatus
internal_krb5_init(void)
{
    PR_ASSERT(NULL == krb5_lock);
    if ((krb5_lock = PR_NewLock()) == NULL) {
        PRErrorCode errorCode = PR_GetError();
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "internal_krb5_init", "PR_NewLock failed %d:%s\n",
                      errorCode, slapd_pr_strerror(errorCode));
        return PR_FAILURE;
    }

    return PR_SUCCESS;
}
/*
 * Does the correct bind operation simple/sasl/cert depending
 * on the arguments passed in.  If the user specified to use
 * starttls in init, this will do the starttls first.  If using
 * ssl or client cert auth, this will initialize the client side
 * of that.
 */
int
slapi_ldap_bind(
    LDAP *ld,                     /* ldap connection */
    const char *bindid,           /* usually a bind DN for simple bind */
    const char *creds,            /* usually a password for simple bind */
    const char *mech,             /* name of mechanism */
    LDAPControl **serverctrls,    /* additional controls to send */
    LDAPControl ***returnedctrls, /* returned controls */
    struct timeval *timeout,      /* timeout */
    int *msgidp                   /* pass in non-NULL for async handling */
    )
{
    int rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
    int err;
    LDAPControl **clientctrls = NULL;
    int secure = 0;
    struct berval bvcreds = {0, NULL};
    LDAPMessage *result = NULL;
    struct berval *servercredp = NULL;

    /* do starttls if requested
       NOTE - starttls is an extop, not a control, but we don't have
       a place we can stash this information in the LDAP*, other
       than the currently unused clientctrls */
    ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_CLIENT_CONTROLS, &clientctrls);
    if (clientctrls && clientctrls[0] &&
        slapi_control_present(clientctrls, START_TLS_OID, NULL, NULL)) {
        secure = SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_startTLS;
    } else {
        /* openldap doesn't have a SSL/TLS yes/no flag - so grab the
           ldapurl, parse it, and see if it is a secure one */
        char *ldapurl = NULL;

        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_URI, &ldapurl);
        if (ldapurl && !PL_strncasecmp(ldapurl, "ldaps", 5)) {
            secure = SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_SSL;
        }
        slapi_ch_free_string(&ldapurl);
    }
    ldap_controls_free(clientctrls);
    ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_CLIENT_CONTROLS, NULL);

    if ((secure > 0) && mech && !strcmp(mech, LDAP_SASL_EXTERNAL)) {
        /*
         * we already set up a tls context in slapi_ldap_init_ext() - this will
         * free those old settings and context and create a new one
         */
        rc = setup_ol_tls_conn(ld, 1);
        if (rc != 0) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                          "Error: could not configure the server for cert "
                          "auth - error %d - make sure the server is "
                          "correctly configured for SSL/TLS\n",
                          rc);
            goto done;
        } else {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_SHELL, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                          "Set up conn to use client auth\n");
        }
        bvcreds.bv_val = NULL; /* ignore username and passed in creds */
        bvcreds.bv_len = 0;    /* for external auth */
        bindid = NULL;
    } else { /* other type of auth */
        bvcreds.bv_val = (char *)creds;
        bvcreds.bv_len = creds ? strlen(creds) : 0;
    }

    if (secure == SLAPI_LDAP_INIT_FLAG_startTLS) { /* send start tls */
        rc = ldap_start_tls_s(ld, NULL /* serverctrls?? */, NULL);
        if (LDAP_SUCCESS != rc) {
            if (errno != 0) {
                /* Log the system errno */
                slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                              "Error: could not send startTLS request: "
                              "error %d (%s) errno %d (%s)\n",
                              rc, ldap_err2string(rc), errno,
                              slapd_system_strerror(errno));
            } else {
                /* Only LDAP error, no system error */
                slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                              "Error: could not send startTLS request: "
                              "error %d (%s)\n",
                              rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
            }
            goto done;
        }
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_SHELL, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                      "startTLS started on connection\n");
    }

    /* The connection has been set up - now do the actual bind, depending on
       the mechanism and arguments */
    if (!mech || (mech == LDAP_SASL_SIMPLE) ||
        !strcmp(mech, LDAP_SASL_EXTERNAL)) {
        int mymsgid = 0;

        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_SHELL, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                      "attempting %s bind with id [%s] creds [%s]\n",
                      mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                      bindid, creds);
        if ((rc = ldap_sasl_bind(ld, bindid, mech, &bvcreds, serverctrls,
                                 NULL /* clientctrls */, &mymsgid))) {
            char *hostname = NULL;
            char *host_port = NULL;
            char *ptr = NULL;
            int myerrno = errno;
            int gaierr = 0;

            ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_HOST_NAME, &host_port);
            if (host_port) {
                ptr = strchr(host_port, ':');
                if (ptr) {
                    hostname = slapi_ch_strdup(host_port);
                    *(hostname + (ptr - host_port)) = '\0';
                }
            }
            if (0 == myerrno) {
                struct addrinfo *a_result = NULL;
                gaierr = getaddrinfo(hostname, NULL, NULL, &a_result);
                myerrno = errno;
                if (a_result) {
                    freeaddrinfo(a_result);
                }
            }

            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                          "Could not send bind request for id "
                          "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s), system error %d (%s), "
                          "network error %d (%s, host \"%s\")\n",
                          bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                          mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                          rc, ldap_err2string(rc),
                          PR_GetError(), slapd_pr_strerror(PR_GetError()),
                          myerrno ? myerrno : gaierr,
                          myerrno ? slapd_system_strerror(myerrno) : gai_strerror(gaierr),
                          host_port ? host_port : "unknown host");
            slapi_ch_free_string(&hostname);
            slapi_ch_free_string(&host_port);
            goto done;
        }

        if (msgidp) { /* let caller process result */
            *msgidp = mymsgid;
        } else { /* process results */
            struct timeval default_timeout, *bind_timeout;

            if ((timeout == NULL) || ((timeout->tv_sec == 0) && (timeout->tv_usec == 0))) {
                /* Let's wait 1 min max to bind */
                default_timeout.tv_sec = 60;
                default_timeout.tv_usec = 0;

                bind_timeout = &default_timeout;
            } else {
                /* take the one provided by the caller. It should be the one defined in the protocol */
                bind_timeout = timeout;
            }
            rc = ldap_result(ld, mymsgid, LDAP_MSG_ALL, bind_timeout, &result);
            if (-1 == rc) { /* error */
                rc = slapi_ldap_get_lderrno(ld, NULL, NULL);
                if (errno != 0) {
                    /* Log the system errno and message */
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error reading bind response for id "
                                  "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s) errno %d (%s)\n",
                                  bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                                  mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc), errno, slapd_system_strerror(errno));
                } else {
                    /* Only LDAP error, no system error */
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error reading bind response for id "
                                  "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s)\n",
                                  bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                                  mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
                }
                goto done;
            } else if (rc == 0) { /* timeout */
                rc = LDAP_TIMEOUT;
                slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                              "Error: timeout after [%ld.%ld] seconds reading "
                              "bind response for [%s] authentication mechanism [%s]\n",
                              bind_timeout->tv_sec, bind_timeout->tv_usec,
                              bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                              mech ? mech : "SIMPLE");
                goto done;
            }
            /*
             * If we got here, we were able to read success result.
             * Get the controls sent by the server if requested
             */
            if ((rc = ldap_parse_result(ld, result, &err, NULL, NULL,
                                        NULL, returnedctrls, 0)) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
                if (errno != 0) {
                    /* Log the system errno and message */
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error: could not parse bind result: error %d (%s) errno %d (%s)\n",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc), errno, slapd_system_strerror(errno));
                } else {
                    /* Only LDAP error, no system error */
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error: could not parse bind result: error %d (%s)\n",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
                }
                goto done;
            }

            /* check the result code from the bind operation */
            if (err) {
                rc = err;
                if (errno != 0) {
                    /* Log the system errno and message */
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error: could not bind id "
                                  "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s) errno %d (%s)\n",
                                  bindid ? bindid : "(anon)", mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc), errno, slapd_system_strerror(errno));
                } else {
                    /* Only LDAP error, no system error */
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error: could not bind id "
                                  "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s)\n",
                                  bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                                  mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
                }
                goto done;
            }

            /* parse the bind result and get the ldap error code */
            if ((rc = ldap_parse_sasl_bind_result(ld, result, &servercredp, 0))) {
                rc = slapi_ldap_get_lderrno(ld, NULL, NULL);
                if (errno != 0) {
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error: could not read bind results for id "
                                  "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s) errno %d (%s)\n",
                                  bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                                  mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc), errno, slapd_system_strerror(errno));
                } else {
                    slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                                  "Error: could not read bind results for id "
                                  "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s)\n",
                                  bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                                  mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                                  rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
                }
                goto done;
            }
        }
    } else {
        int krb5_serialized = 0;

#ifdef HAVE_KRB5
        if (mech && !strcmp(mech, "GSSAPI")) {
            krb5_serialized = 1;
        }
#endif
/*
         * a SASL mech - set the sasl ssf to 0 if using TLS/SSL.
         * openldap supports tls + sasl security
         */
        /*
         * we are using static variables and sharing an in-memory credentials cache
         * so we put a lock around all kerberos interactions
         */
        if (PR_SUCCESS != PR_CallOnce(&krb5_callOnce, internal_krb5_init)) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                    "Could not perform internal krb5 init\n");
            rc = LDAP_LOCAL_ERROR;
            goto done;
        }

#ifdef HAVE_KRB5
        if (krb5_serialized) {
            PR_Lock(krb5_lock);
        }
#endif

        rc = slapd_ldap_sasl_interactive_bind(ld, bindid, creds, mech,
                                              serverctrls, returnedctrls, msgidp);
        if (LDAP_SUCCESS != rc) {
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_CONNS, "slapi_ldap_bind",
                          "Error: could not perform interactive bind for id "
                          "[%s] authentication mechanism [%s]: error %d (%s)\n",
                          bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                          mech, /* mech cannot be SIMPLE here */
                          rc, ldap_err2string(rc));
#ifdef HAVE_KRB5
            if (mech && !strcmp(mech, "GSSAPI") && rc == 49) {
                /* only on err 49 should we clear out the credential cache */
                clear_krb5_ccache();
            }
#endif
        }
#ifdef HAVE_KRB5
        if (krb5_serialized) {
            PR_Unlock(krb5_lock);
        }
#endif
    }

done:
    slapi_ch_bvfree(&servercredp);
    ldap_msgfree(result);

    return rc;
}

char **
slapi_ldap_explode_rdn(const char *rdn, int notypes)
{
    return mozldap_ldap_explode_rdn(rdn, notypes);
}

char **
slapi_ldap_explode_dn(const char *dn, int notypes)
{
    return mozldap_ldap_explode_dn(dn, notypes);
}

void
slapi_add_auth_response_control(Slapi_PBlock *pb, const char *binddn)
{
    LDAPControl arctrl;
    char dnbuf_fixedsize[512], *dnbuf, *dnbuf_dynamic = NULL;
    size_t dnlen;

    if (NULL == binddn) {
        binddn = "";
    }
    dnlen = strlen(binddn);

    /*
     * According to draft-weltman-ldapv3-auth-response-03.txt section
     * 4 (Authentication Response Control):
     *
     *   The controlType is "2.16.840.1.113730.3.4.15". If the bind request
     *   succeeded and resulted in an identity (not anonymous), the
     *   controlValue contains the authorization identity [AUTH] granted to
     *   the requestor. If the bind request resulted in anonymous
     *   authentication, the controlValue field is a string of zero length.
     *
     * [AUTH] is a reference to RFC 2829, which in section 9 defines
     * authorization identity as:
     *
     *
     *   The authorization identity is a string in the UTF-8 character set,
     *   corresponding to the following ABNF [7]:
     *
     *   ; Specific predefined authorization (authz) id schemes are
     *   ; defined below -- new schemes may be defined in the future.
     *
     *   authzId    = dnAuthzId / uAuthzId
     *
     *   ; distinguished-name-based authz id.
     *   dnAuthzId  = "dn:" dn
     *   dn         = utf8string    ; with syntax defined in RFC 2253
     *
     *   ; unspecified userid, UTF-8 encoded.
     *   uAuthzId   = "u:" userid
     *   userid     = utf8string    ; syntax unspecified
     *
     *   A utf8string is defined to be the UTF-8 encoding of one or more ISO
     *   10646 characters.
     *
     * We always map identities to DNs, so we always use the dnAuthzId form.
     */
    arctrl.ldctl_oid = LDAP_CONTROL_AUTH_RESPONSE;
    arctrl.ldctl_iscritical = 0;

    if (dnlen == 0) { /* anonymous -- return zero length value */
        arctrl.ldctl_value.bv_val = "";
        arctrl.ldctl_value.bv_len = 0;
    } else { /* mapped to a DN -- return "dn:<DN>" */
        if (3 + dnlen < sizeof(dnbuf_fixedsize)) {
            dnbuf = dnbuf_fixedsize;
        } else {
            dnbuf = dnbuf_dynamic = slapi_ch_malloc(4 + dnlen);
        }
        strcpy(dnbuf, "dn:");
        strcpy(dnbuf + 3, binddn);
        arctrl.ldctl_value.bv_val = dnbuf;
        arctrl.ldctl_value.bv_len = 3 + dnlen;
    }

    if (slapi_pblock_set(pb, SLAPI_ADD_RESCONTROL, &arctrl) != 0) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "slapi_add_auth_response_control",
                      "Unable to add authentication response control");
    }

    if (NULL != dnbuf_dynamic) {
        slapi_ch_free_string(&dnbuf_dynamic);
    }
}

/* the following implements the client side of sasl bind, for LDAP server
   -> LDAP server SASL */

typedef struct
{
    char *mech;
    char *authid;
    char *username;
    char *passwd;
    char *realm;
} ldapSaslInteractVals;

static void *
ldap_sasl_set_interact_vals(LDAP *ld, const char *mech, const char *authid, const char *username, const char *passwd, const char *realm)
{
    ldapSaslInteractVals *vals = NULL;
    char *idprefix = "";

    vals = (ldapSaslInteractVals *)
        slapi_ch_calloc(1, sizeof(ldapSaslInteractVals));

    if (!vals) {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (mech) {
        vals->mech = slapi_ch_strdup(mech);
    } else {
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_SASL_MECH, &vals->mech);
    }

    if (vals->mech && !strcasecmp(vals->mech, "DIGEST-MD5")) {
        idprefix = "dn:"; /* prefix name and id with this string */
    }

    if (authid) { /* use explicit passed in value */
        vals->authid = slapi_ch_smprintf("%s%s", idprefix, authid);
    } else { /* use option value if any */
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_SASL_AUTHCID, &vals->authid);
        if (!vals->authid) {
            /* get server user id? */
            vals->authid = slapi_ch_strdup("");
        }
    }

    if (username) { /* use explicit passed in value */
        vals->username = slapi_ch_smprintf("%s%s", idprefix, username);
    } else { /* use option value if any */
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_SASL_AUTHZID, &vals->username);
        if (!vals->username) { /* use default sasl value */
            vals->username = slapi_ch_strdup("");
        }
    }

    if (passwd) {
        vals->passwd = slapi_ch_strdup(passwd);
    } else {
        vals->passwd = slapi_ch_strdup("");
    }

    if (realm) {
        vals->realm = slapi_ch_strdup(realm);
    } else {
        ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_SASL_REALM, &vals->realm);
        if (!vals->realm) { /* use default sasl value */
            vals->realm = slapi_ch_strdup("");
        }
    }

    return vals;
}

static void
ldap_sasl_free_interact_vals(void *defaults)
{
    ldapSaslInteractVals *vals = defaults;

    if (vals) {
        slapi_ch_free_string(&vals->mech);
        slapi_ch_free_string(&vals->authid);
        slapi_ch_free_string(&vals->username);
        slapi_ch_free_string(&vals->passwd);
        slapi_ch_free_string(&vals->realm);
        slapi_ch_free(&defaults);
    }
}

static int
ldap_sasl_get_val(ldapSaslInteractVals *vals, sasl_interact_t *interact, unsigned flags __attribute__((unused)))
{
    const char *defvalue = interact->defresult;
    int authtracelevel = SLAPI_LOG_SHELL; /* special auth tracing */

    if (vals != NULL) {
        switch (interact->id) {
        case SASL_CB_AUTHNAME:
            defvalue = vals->authid;
            slapi_log_err(authtracelevel, "ldap_sasl_get_val",
                          "Using value [%s] for SASL_CB_AUTHNAME\n",
                          defvalue ? defvalue : "(null)");
            break;
        case SASL_CB_USER:
            defvalue = vals->username;
            slapi_log_err(authtracelevel, "ldap_sasl_get_val",
                          "Using value [%s] for SASL_CB_USER\n",
                          defvalue ? defvalue : "(null)");
            break;
        case SASL_CB_PASS:
            defvalue = vals->passwd;
            slapi_log_err(authtracelevel, "ldap_sasl_get_val",
                          "Using value [%s] for SASL_CB_PASS\n",
                          defvalue ? defvalue : "(null)");
            break;
        case SASL_CB_GETREALM:
            defvalue = vals->realm;
            slapi_log_err(authtracelevel, "ldap_sasl_get_val",
                          "Using value [%s] for SASL_CB_GETREALM\n",
                          defvalue ? defvalue : "(null)");
            break;
        }
    }

    if (defvalue != NULL) {
        interact->result = defvalue;
        if ((char *)interact->result == NULL)
            return (LDAP_NO_MEMORY);
        interact->len = strlen((char *)(interact->result));
    }
    return (LDAP_SUCCESS);
}

static int
ldap_sasl_interact_cb(LDAP *ld __attribute__((unused)), unsigned flags, void *defaults, void *prompts)
{
    sasl_interact_t *interact = NULL;
    ldapSaslInteractVals *sasldefaults = defaults;
    int rc;

    if (prompts == NULL) {
        return (LDAP_PARAM_ERROR);
    }

    for (interact = prompts; interact->id != SASL_CB_LIST_END; interact++) {
        /* Obtain the default value */
        if ((rc = ldap_sasl_get_val(sasldefaults, interact, flags)) != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
            return (rc);
        }
    }

    return (LDAP_SUCCESS);
}

/* figure out from the context and this error if we should
   attempt to retry the bind */
static int
can_retry_bind(LDAP *ld __attribute__((unused)),
               const char *mech __attribute__((unused)),
               const char *bindid __attribute__((unused)),
               const char *creds __attribute__((unused)),
               int rc __attribute__((unused)),
               const char *errmsg)
{
    int localrc = 0;
    if (errmsg && strstr(errmsg, "Ticket expired")) {
        localrc = 1;
    }

    return localrc;
}

int
slapd_ldap_sasl_interactive_bind(
    LDAP *ld,                                             /* ldap connection */
    const char *bindid,                                   /* usually a bind DN for simple bind */
    const char *creds,                                    /* usually a password for simple bind */
    const char *mech,                                     /* name of mechanism */
    LDAPControl **serverctrls,                            /* additional controls to send */
    LDAPControl ***returnedctrls __attribute__((unused)), /* returned controls */
    int *msgidp __attribute__((unused))                   /* pass in non-NULL for async handling */
    )
{
    int rc = LDAP_SUCCESS;
    int tries = 0;

    while (tries < 2) {
        void *defaults = ldap_sasl_set_interact_vals(ld, mech, bindid, bindid,
                                                     creds, NULL);
/* have to first set the defaults used by the callback function */
/* call the bind function */
/* openldap does not have the ext version - not sure how to get the
       returned controls */
        rc = ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s(ld, bindid, mech, serverctrls,
                                          NULL, LDAP_SASL_QUIET,
                                          ldap_sasl_interact_cb, defaults);
        ldap_sasl_free_interact_vals(defaults);
        if (LDAP_SUCCESS != rc) {
            char *errmsg = NULL;
            rc = slapi_ldap_get_lderrno(ld, NULL, &errmsg);
            slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_CONNS, "slapd_ldap_sasl_interactive_bind",
                          "Error: could not perform interactive bind for id "
                          "[%s] mech [%s]: LDAP error %d (%s) (%s) "
                          "errno %d (%s)\n",
                          bindid ? bindid : "(anon)",
                          mech ? mech : "SIMPLE",
                          rc, ldap_err2string(rc), errmsg,
                          errno, slapd_system_strerror(errno));
            slapi_ch_free_string(&errmsg);
            if (can_retry_bind(ld, mech, bindid, creds, rc, errmsg)) {
                ; /* pass through to retry one time */
            } else {
                break; /* done - fail - cannot retry */
            }
        } else {
            break; /* done - success */
        }
        tries++;
    }

    return rc;
}

#ifdef HAVE_KRB5
#include <krb5.h>

static void
clear_krb5_ccache(void)
{
    krb5_context ctx = NULL;
    krb5_ccache cc = NULL;
    int rc = 0;

    /* initialize the kerberos context */
    if ((rc = krb5_init_context(&ctx))) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "clear_krb5_ccache", "Could not initialize kerberos context: %d (%s)\n",
                      rc, error_message(rc));
        goto done;
    }
    /* get the default ccache */
    if ((rc = krb5_cc_default(ctx, &cc))) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "clear_krb5_ccache", "Could not get default kerberos ccache: %d (%s)\n",
                      rc, error_message(rc));
        goto done;
    }
    /* destroy the ccache */
    if ((rc = krb5_cc_destroy(ctx, cc))) {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_ERR, "clear_krb5_ccache", "Could not destroy kerberos ccache: %d (%s)\n",
                      rc, error_message(rc));
    } else {
        slapi_log_err(SLAPI_LOG_TRACE, "clear_krb5_ccache", "Successfully cleared kerberos ccache\n");
    }

done:
    if (ctx) {
        krb5_free_context(ctx);
    }

}

#endif /* HAVE_KRB5 */

#define LDAP_DN 1
#define LDAP_RDN 2

#define INQUOTE 1
#define OUTQUOTE 2

/* We use the following two functions when built against OpenLDAP
 * or the MozLDAP libs since the MozLDAP ldap_explode_dn() function
 * does not handle trailing whitespace characters properly. */
static char **
mozldap_ldap_explode(const char *dn, const int notypes, const int nametype)
{
    char *p, *q, *rdnstart, **rdns = NULL;
    size_t plen = 0;
    int state = 0;
    int count = 0;
    int startquote = 0;
    int endquote = 0;
    int len = 0;
    int goteq = 0;

    if (dn == NULL) {
        dn = "";
    }

    while (ldap_utf8isspace((char *)dn)) { /* ignore leading spaces */
        ++dn;
    }

    p = rdnstart = (char *)dn;
    state = OUTQUOTE;

    do {
        p += plen;
        plen = 1;
        switch (*p) {
        case '\\':
            /* coverity[overrun-local] */
            if (*++p == '\0')
                p--;
            else
                plen = LDAP_UTF8LEN(p);
            break;
        case '"':
            if (state == INQUOTE) {
                state = OUTQUOTE;
            } else {
                state = INQUOTE;
            }
            break;
        case '+':
            if (nametype != LDAP_RDN) {
                break;
            }
            /* FALLTHRU */
        case ';':
        case ',':
        case '\0':
            if (state == OUTQUOTE) {
                /*
                 * semicolon and comma are not valid RDN
                 * separators.
                 */
                if (nametype == LDAP_RDN &&
                    (*p == ';' || *p == ',' || !goteq)) {
                    charray_free(rdns);
                    return NULL;
                }
                if ((*p == ',' || *p == ';') && !goteq) {
                    /*
                     * If we get here, we have a case similar
                     * to <attr>=<value>,<string>,<attr>=<value>
                     * This is not a valid dn .
                     */
                    charray_free(rdns);
                    return NULL;
                }
                goteq = 0;
                ++count;
                if (rdns == NULL) {
                    if ((rdns = (char **)slapi_ch_malloc(8 * sizeof(char *))) == NULL) {
                        return (NULL);
                    }
                } else if (count >= 8) {
                    if ((rdns = (char **)slapi_ch_realloc(
                             (char *)rdns, (count + 1) *
                                               sizeof(char *))) == NULL)
                        return (NULL);
                }
                rdns[count] = NULL;
                endquote = 0;
                if (notypes) {
                    for (q = rdnstart; q < p && *q != '='; ++q) {
                        ;
                    }
                    if (q < p) { /* *q == '=' */
                        rdnstart = ++q;
                    }
                    if (*rdnstart == '"') {
                        startquote = 1;
                        ++rdnstart;
                    }

                    if ((*(p - 1) == '"') && startquote) {
                        endquote = 1;
                        --p;
                    }
                }

                len = p - rdnstart;
                if ((rdns[count - 1] = (char *)slapi_ch_calloc(1, len + 1)) != NULL) {
                    memcpy(rdns[count - 1], rdnstart, len);
                    if (!endquote) {
                        /* trim trailing spaces */
                        while (len > 0 && (rdns[count - 1][len - 1] == ' ')) {
                            --len;
                        }
                    }
                    rdns[count - 1][len] = '\0';
                }

                /*
                 *  Don't forget to increment 'p' back to where
                 *  it should be.  If we don't, then we will
                 *  never get past an "end quote."
                 */
                if (endquote == 1) {
                    p++;
                }

                rdnstart = *p ? p + 1 : p;
                while (ldap_utf8isspace(rdnstart)) {
                    ++rdnstart;
                }
            }
            break;
        case '=':
            if (state == OUTQUOTE) {
                goteq = 1;
            }
        /* FALL */
        default:
            plen = LDAP_UTF8LEN(p);
            break;
        }
    } while (*p);

    return (rdns);
}

static char **
mozldap_ldap_explode_dn(const char *dn, const int notypes)
{
    return (mozldap_ldap_explode(dn, notypes, LDAP_DN));
}

static char **
mozldap_ldap_explode_rdn(const char *rdn, const int notypes)
{
    return (mozldap_ldap_explode(rdn, notypes, LDAP_RDN));
}

int
slapi_is_ipv6_addr(const char *hostname)
{
    PRNetAddr addr;

    if (PR_StringToNetAddr(hostname, &addr) == PR_SUCCESS &&
        !PR_IsNetAddrType(&addr, PR_IpAddrV4Mapped) &&
        addr.raw.family == PR_AF_INET6) {
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Get the length of the ber-encoded ldap message.  Note, only the length of
 * the LDAP operation is returned, not the length of the entire berval.
 * Add 2 to the length for the entire PDU size.  If "strict" is set then
 * the entire LDAP PDU must be in the berval.
 */
ber_len_t
slapi_berval_get_msg_len(struct berval *bv, int strict)
{
    ber_len_t len, rest;
    unsigned char *ptr;
    int i;

    /* Get the ldap operation length */
    rest = bv->bv_len - 1;
    ptr = (unsigned char *)bv->bv_val;
    ptr++; /* skip the tag and get right to the length */
    len = *ptr++;
    rest--;

    if (len & 0x80U) {
        len &= 0x7fU;
        if (len - 1U > sizeof(ber_len_t) - 1U || rest < len) {
            /* Indefinite-length/too long length/not enough data */
            return -1;
        }
        rest -= len;
        i = len;
        for (len = *ptr++ & 0xffU; --i; len |= *ptr++ & 0xffU) {
            len <<= 8;
        }
    }
    if (strict && len > rest) {
        return -1;
    }

    return len;
}

int
slapi_client_uses_non_nss(LDAP *ld)
{
    static int not_nss = 0;
    static int initialized = 0;
    char *package_name = NULL;
    int rc;

    if (initialized) {
        return not_nss;
    }
    rc = ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_PACKAGE, &package_name);
    if (!rc && PL_strcasecmp(package_name, "MozNSS")) {
        not_nss = 1;
        slapi_ch_free_string(&package_name);
    }
    initialized = 1;
    return not_nss;
}

int
slapi_client_uses_openssl(LDAP *ld)
{
    static int is_openssl = 0;
    static int initialized = 0;
    char *package_name = NULL;
    int rc;

    if (initialized) {
        return is_openssl;
    }
    rc = ldap_get_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_X_TLS_PACKAGE, &package_name);
    if (!rc && !PL_strcasecmp(package_name, "OpenSSL")) {
        is_openssl = 1;
        slapi_ch_free_string(&package_name);
    }
    initialized = 1;
    return is_openssl;
}