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Format parameters
=================
The general layout of the printed scores may be changed in four ways:
1- at compilation time setting the values in abc2ps.h,
2- at running time in a 'format' file,
3- at startup time in the command line,
4- by pseudo-comments inside the tunes.
For more about 3), have a look at options.txt.
A format file contains lines giving the parameters values, format:
parameter [parameter list]
In a format file, empty lines and lines starting with '#' are ignored.
The pseudo-comments used for formatting have the format:
%%parameter [parameter list]
Format parameters may appear in the command line by:
--parameter [parameter list]
Some pseudo-comments are treated while being parsed and cannot appear
in a format file nor in the command line. These ones are listed at the
end of this file.
In font definitions, <font>, <encoding> and <size> may be specified
as '*' (star), in which case the font, encoding or size remains
the same. When the <encoding> is omitted, it defaults to the global
font encoding (see 'encoding'), or to the last 'font' definition
of the same font.
List of the format parameters
-----------------------------
abc2pscompat <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -u
Description:
When true, set 'M' as the +tenuto+ decoration and do a
pitch translation for the bass and alto clefs.
alignbars <int>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Align the bars of the next <int> music lines.
Such an alignment works only when there is only one
voice in each music line (no V:, %%staves or %%score
is allowed).
aligncomposer <int>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Tell where to display the composer field.
A negative value means 'on the left', 0 means 'center',
and a positive value means 'on the right'.
annotationfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Helvetica 12
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the annotation font to <font> with a size <size>.
autoclef <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When true, set the clefs and possibly insert clef
changes when no clef is defined in K: or V:.
barnumbers <int>
Same as 'measurenb'.
barsperstaff <int>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -B<int>
Description:
Try to typeset with <int> bars on each line.
breakoneoln <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When set, on finding an end of line (eoln), do as if
a space was set before the next note or rest.
This prevents a beam to be continued between two
music lines.
beginps
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Start a PostScript sequence which ends on 'endps'.
This parameter may be found only in a format or ABC
file (it cannot appear in the command line).
Each line between 'beginps' and 'endps' is included in
the PostScript output file.
botmargin <unit>
Default: 1cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the bottom margin to <unit>.
bstemdown <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When set, the stem of the note in the middle of the
staff goes downwards. Otherwise, it goes upwards
or downwards according to the previous note.
comball <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When 'combinevoices' is set, voice combination does not
occurs when the pitches are a second, unisson or inverted.
Setting this flag makes the combination to occur in all
cases.
combinevoices <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
If 1, the notes of same duration belonging to voices of
the same staff are combined giving chords.
composerfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Italic 14
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the composer font to <font> with a size <size>.
composerspace <unit>
Default: 0.2cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the composer to <unit>.
contbarnb <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
If 0, the bar number of the second repeat(s) is reset to
the number of the first repeat.
If 1, the bars are sequencially numbered.
continueall <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -c
Description:
If true, ignore the line breaks in tune.
dateformat <text>
Default: "\%b \%e, \%Y \%H:\%M"
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define the format of the date and time.
The possible values of this parameter are described
in the manual pages of date(1) and strftime(3).
Note: the '%'s must be escaped as '\%'.
deco <name> <c_func> <ps_func> <h> <wl> <wr> [<str>]
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define a decoration.
!! this is an experimental feature which is subject to change
in next releases and asks for a good knowledge of the
internals of abcm2ps - see deco.abc for examples !!
The actual arguments are:
<name>: name of the decoration. If it is the name of an
existing decoration, this one is redefined.
<c_func>: index of a C function (defined in deco.c).
The possible values are:
0, 1, 2: decoration near the note, inside the staff.
0: 'dot' and 'tenuto'
1: 'slide'
2: 'arpeggio'
3, 4, 5: decoration near the note, outside the staff,
generally printed above the staff.
3: general
4: below the staff
5: long 'trill' (with start and stop)
6, 7: decoration tied to the staff (dynamic marks),
generally printed below the staff.
6: general
7: long dynamic (with start and stop)
<ps_func>: postscript function name or '-' if start of a long
decoration.
<h>: decoration height.
It is the minimum height for +arpeggio+.
<wl> and <wr>: left and right widths.
These values are actually used for general dynamic
marks only.
<str>: text to display (for some postscript functions
- see code).
Decorations which names begin with 'head-' prevent the
note head(s) to be drawn.
dynalign <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When true, horizontally align the dynamic marks.
encoding <encoding> | <int>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -L<int>
Description:
Set the global font encoding to <encoding>, or to
'Latin<int>'.
The recognized encodings are:
us-ascii
iso-8859-1 (Latin1)
iso-8859-2 (Latin2)
iso-8859-3 (Latin3)
iso-8859-4 (Latin4)
iso-8859-9 (Latin5)
iso-8859-10 (Latin6)
native
When the encoding is 'native', the encoding vectors
of the fonts are not changed.
<encoding> may be any string. In this case, the encoding
vector must be defined by a sequence of 'postscript'
commands.
<int> may take values from 0 to 6. The value 0 is
the same as 1, but the PostScript encoding vector
'ISOLatin1Encoding' is not output.
exprabove <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Draw the expression decorations above the staff.
If neither 'exprabove' nor 'exprbelow' are true, the
expression decorations are drawn above the staff if
there are lyrics on the staff, and below otherwise.
'exprabove' takes precedence over 'exprbelow'.
exprbelow <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Draw the expression decorations below the staff.
If neither 'exprabove' nor 'exprbelow' are true, the
expression decorations are drawn above the staff if
there are lyrics on the staff, and below otherwise.
'exprabove' takes precedence over 'exprbelow'.
flatbeams <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -f
Description:
Have flat beams in bagpipe tunes.
font <font> [<encoding>]
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define a font and its encoding.
This parameter is required when specific fonts are
defined later in ABC files/tunes, and it must be defined
before any PostScript output is done, generally in a
format file.
When absent, <encoding> defaults to the current
'encoding' parameter (see above).
footer <text>
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define the text printed at the bottom of each page.
There may be one or two lines. When 2 lines, these
ones must be separated by the 2 characters "\n" (not
a real 'newline').
In each lines 3 areas may be defined: left, center and
right.
These areas are separated by tabulations (real TABs,
not "\t") and may be empty (if the left area is empty,
double quote the string - see sample3.abc for example).
The character '$' introduces variable expansion:
- '$d' is the date and time of the last modification
of the current ABC input file,
- '$D' is the current date and time,
- '$F' is the current input file name,
- '$Ix' is any header information type ('x' is a
letter range 'A' to 'Z').
- '$P' is the current page number,
- '$P0' and '$P1' are also the page number, but only
when this one is even ('0') or odd ('1'),
- '$T' is the current tune title,
- '$V' is 'abcm2ps-' followed by the program version.
For example, the command line option '-N3' is the same
as:
%%header "$P0 $P1"
(note the 2 TABs).
If the footer (or header) begins with '-' (hyphen/minus),
it is not printed on the first page.
footerfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 12
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the footer font to <font> with a size <size>.
Note that the footer is not scaled.
format <filename>
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Read the format (or PostScript) file <filename>.
When found in the command line, this parameter is the
same as '-F'.
freegchord <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Prevent the characters '#', 'b' and '=' to be displayed
as sharp, flat and natural sign in guitar chords.
When this flag is set, displaying accidental may be forced
escaping the characters ('\#', '\b' and '\=').
gchordbox <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Draw a box around the guitar chords.
This value may be set to 'true' by %%gchordfont.
gchordfont <font> [<encoding>] <size> [box]
Default: Helvetica 12
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the guitar chord font to <font> with a size <size>.
If 'box' is present, draw a box around the guitar chords.
graceslurs <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: -G
Description:
Draw slurs on grace notes.
gracespace <float> <float> <float>
Default: 6.5 8.0 12.0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define the space before, inside and after the grace notes.
header <text>
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the text printed at the top of each page.
See 'footer' above for the header syntax.
headerfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 12
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the header font to <font> with a size <size>.
Note that the header is not scaled.
historyfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 16
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the history font to <font> with a size <size>.
hyphencont <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When a lyric under staff ends with a hyphen, put a
hyphen in the next line.
indent <unit>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -I<unit>
Description:
Indent the first line of the tune by <unit>.
infofont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Italic 14
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the infoline font to <font> with a size <size>.
infoline <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Display the rhythm and origin on a same line, and also
display the area ('A:').
infoname <uppercase letter> <information name>
Default:
R "Rhythm: "
B "Book: "
S "Source: "
D "Discography: "
N "Notes: "
Z "Transcription: "
H History: "
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define the information types and names to be printed
after the tunes when 'writehistory' (or -n) is set.
infospace <unit>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the infoline to <unit>.
landscape <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -l
Description:
Set the page orientation to landscape.
leftmargin <unit>
Default: 1.8cm
Compilation: none
Command line: -m<unit>
Description:
Set the left margin to <unit>.
lineskipfac <float>
Default: 1.1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the factor for spacing between lines of text
to <float>.
maxshrink <float>
Default: 0.65
Compilation: none
Command line: -a<float>
Description:
Set how much to compress horizontally when staff breaks
are chosen automatically.
<float> must be between 0 and 1.
maxstaffsep <unit>
Default: 2000pt
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Do not put a staff system further than <unit> from the
previous system.
maxsysstaffsep <unit>
Default: 2000pt
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Do not put the staves further than <unit> inside a system.
This values applies to all staves when global or in
the tune header. Otherwise, it defines the maximum
vertical offset of the next staff.
measurebox <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: trailing 'b' at end of -j or -k - see measurenb.
Description:
Draw a box around the measure numbers.
This value may be set to 'true' by %%measurefont.
measurefirst <int>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: -b<int>
Description:
Start numbering the measures of the tune from <int>.
This parameter is obsolete and should be replaced by
'%%setbarnb' (outside the tune body).
measurefont <font> [<encoding>] <size> [box]
Default: Times-Italic 14
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the measure font to <font> with a size <size>.
If 'box' is present, draw a box around the measure
number.
measurenb <int>
Default: -1
Compilation: none
Command line: -j<int>[b] or -k<int>[b]
Description:
If positive, draw the measure number each <int> bars.
If <int> = 0, the measure number appears only on the
left of each staff system.
On the command line, if a trailing 'b' is present, a box
is drawn around the measure numbers.
musiconly <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -M
Description:
Don't output the lyrics if true.
musicspace <unit>
Default: 0.2cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the first staff to <unit>.
notespacingfactor <float>
Default: 1.414
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the note spacing factor to <float>.
This value is used to compute the natural space of
the notes. The base space of the crotchet is always
40 pts. When the duration of a note type is twice the
one of an other note type, its space is multiplied by
this factor.
The default value makes a note space to be multiplied
by 2 when its duration is multiplied by 4, i.e. the
space of the semibreve is 80 pts and the space of the
semiquaver is 20 pts.
Setting this value to 1 sets all note spaces to 40 pts.
oneperpage <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -1
Description:
Output one tune per page.
pageheight <unit>
Default: PAGEHEIGHT
Compilation: PAGEHEIGHT= (A4: 29.7cm - US: 11in)
Command line: none
Description:
Set the page height to <unit>.
pagewidth <unit>
Default: PAGEWIDTH
Compilation: PAGEWIDTH= (A4: 21.0cm - US: 8.5in)
Command line: none
Description:
Set the page width to <unit>.
parskipfac <float>
Default: 0.4
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the factor for spacing between text paragraphs
to <float>.
partsbox <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Draw a box around the part names.
This value may be set to 'true' by %%partsfont.
partsfont <font> [<encoding>] <size> [box]
Default: Times-Roman 15
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the part font to <font> with a size <size>.
If 'box' is present, draw a box around the part names.
partsspace <unit>
Default: 0.3cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before a new part to <unit>.
postscript <text>
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define a line to be included in the PostScript output
file.
This parameter may be used to override any PostScript
function or to define new functions for use in a 'deco'
format.
printparts <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Print the part indications (P:).
printtempo <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: -Q (on) / +Q (off)
Description:
Print the tempo indications (Q:).
repeatfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 13
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the repeat number/text font to <font> with a size <size>.
rightmargin <unit>
Default: 1.8cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the right margin to <unit>.
scale <float>
Default: 0.75
Compilation: none
Command line: -s<float>
Description:
Set the page scale factor to <float>.
Note that the header and footer are not scaled.
setdefl <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When true, output some indications about the note/chord
and/or decorations for customization purpose. These
indications are stored in the PostScript variable 'defl'.
setfont-1 <font> [<encoding>] <size>
setfont-2 <font> [<encoding>] <size>
setfont-3 <font> [<encoding>] <size>
setfont-4 <font> [<encoding>] <size>
Default: Times-Roman 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the alternate fonts of strings.
In most strings, the current font may be changed
by "$n" (n = 0, 1 .. 4 - "$0" resets the font to
its default value.
Note: <size> is mandatory at the first definition..
shiftunisson <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
In multivoice tunes, when voices go to unisson, there
is often only one head. Setting this flag keeps the
two notes with a shift when there is a minim (half note)
and a note smaller than crotchet (black note), and also
when one note is dotted and not the other one.
slurheight <float>
Default: 1.0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the slur height factor to <float>.
splittune <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -0
Description:
If false, a tune starts on a new page if it does not
fit in the current one. If true, there is no page
checking, and the tune may be splitted.
squarebreve <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Display the breve notes in square format.
staffnonote <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
If not set, do not display the staves which have no note
in the music lines.
staffsep <unit>
Default: 46pt
Compilation: none
Command line: -d<unit>
Description:
Do not put a staff system closer than <unit> from the
previous system.
staffwidth <unit>
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: -w<unit>
Description:
Adjust the right margin so that the staff width is <unit>.
stemheight <float>
Default: 20.0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the stem height to <float>.
straightflags <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Have straight flags on stems in bagpipe tunes.
stretchlast <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Stretch the last music line of a tune when more
expanded than the previous line.
stretchstaff <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Stretch underfull music lines inside a tune.
subtitlefont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 16
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the subtitle font to <font> with a size <size>.
subtitlespace <unit>
Default: 0.1cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the subtitle to <unit>.
sysstaffsep <unit>
Default: 36pt
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Do not put the staves closer than <unit> inside a system.
This values applies to all staves when global or in
the tune header. Otherwise, it defines the minimum
vertical offset of the next staff.
tempofont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Bold 15
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the tempo font to <font> with a size <size>.
textfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 16
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the text font to <font> with a size <size>.
textoption <int>
Default: 0 (obeylines)
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the default text option to <int>. This option is
used for text between '%%begintext' and '%%endtext',
'%%text' and '%%EPS'.
<int> may be an integer or a keyword. The values are:
0: obeylines
1: justify
2: fill
3: center
4: skip
5: right
When <int> is 4 (skip), neither text (including %%center)
nor EPS is output.
textspace <unit>
Default: 0.5cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set to <unit> the vertical space before the history.
timewarn <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When set, if a time signature occurs at the beginning
of a music line, a cautionary time signature is added
at the end of the previous line.
titlecaps <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Output the titles in uppercase letters.
titlefont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 20
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the title font to <font> with a size <size>.
titleformat <text>
Default: none
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define the format of the tune title.
This format overrides the standard way to display the
tune title. Then, parameters as %%titleleft, %%infoline
are not used.
The format is a set of letters, numbers, commas and
plus and minus signs. Unrecognized characters are ignored.
A letter gives the ABC header infomation type. It may be
any type range 'A' to 'Z'.
Alignment is defined by a number and/or a minus sign
following the letter. It may be:
'0' for 'center',
'1' for 'right align'
'-1' (or '-') for 'left align'.
When absent, alignment defaults to center ('0').
A plus sign ('+') may appear between two fields
in which case these fields are concatenated (this works
only with fields of the same type and same alignment).
A comma defines a box edge. In each box, the fields are
vertically added in their alignment zones.
Example:
%%titleformat R-1 P-1 Q-1 T C1 O1 , T + T N1
displays:
- in the 1st box:
- on the left: the rhythm, part and tempo
- in the middle: the main title (only)
- on the right: the composer and origin
- in the 2nd box:
- in the middle: the concatenated subtitles
- on the right: the notes
titleleft <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Output the title on the left (instead of centered).
titlespace <unit>
Default: 0.2cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the title to <unit>.
titletrim <bool>
Default: 1
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
When set, if the last word of a title starts with a capital
letter and is preceeded by a comma and a space, this word is
moved at the head. For example: the title
T:Clair de la lune, Au
is printed as
Au Clair de la lune
topmargin <unit>
Default: 1cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the top margin to <unit>.
topspace <unit>
Default: 0.8cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the top vertical space to <unit>. This space is put
above the tune and also on top of continuation pages.
tuplets <int> <int> <int>
Default: 0 0 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Define how to draw the tuplets.
The first <int> tells when to draw:
0: auto (draw when no beam at endings)
1: never
2: always
The second <int> tells what to draw:
0: a square bracket
1: a slur
2: do beam extension on rests (does not work yet)
The third <int> tells which value to print:
0: a simple number (value of 'p')
1: no value
2: a ratio ('p':'q')
vocalabove <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Force the vocals to be above the staff.
vocalfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Bold 13
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the font of the lyrics under staves to <font>
with a size <size>.
vocalspace <unit>
Default: 23pt
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the lyrics under staves
to <unit>.
voicefont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Bold 13
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the font of the voice names to <font> with
a size <size>.
withxrefs <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -x
Print the X: number in the title.
wordsfont <font> [<encoding>] [<size>]
Default: Times-Roman 16
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the font of the lyrics at end of tune to <font>
with a size <size>.
wordsspace <unit>
Default: 0cm
Compilation: none
Command line: none
Description:
Set the vertical space before the lyrics at end of
tune to <unit>.
writehistory <bool>
Default: 0
Compilation: none
Command line: -n
Description:
Output the information defined by 'infoname'.
List of the pseudo-comments treated while parsed
------------------------------------------------
begintext [<option>]
Start printing a free text. The text appears on the next lines
(starting with '%%' or not). The text ends on a line containing
%%endtext
<option> may be:
'obeylines': keep lines as they are (default)
'align' or 'justify': justify the lines
'ragged' or 'fill': fill the lines
'center': center the lines
'skip': don't print the lines (same as comments)
'right': align the right side
center <line of text>
Print one line of centered text.
EPS <eps_file>
Include the file <eps_file>.
The file content is left or right aligned or centered according
to the current value of 'textoption'.
endtext
See 'begintext'.
multicol <command>
Define multicolomn printing.
<command> may be:
'start': save the current vertical position and the left
and right margins. Then, these margins may
be changed to print music or text.
'new': reset the vertical offset at the place of the
previous '%%multicol start', and restore the left
and right margins.
'end': restore the left and right margins, and skip down
to a safe place.
(see 'sample3.abc' for example).
This command may also be used to group some tunes and text in a
same page.
newpage [<int>]
Continue printing on a new page and possibly restart page
numbering from <int>.
repbra <bool>
The repeat brackets are normally displayed as found in a voice.
'%%repbra 0' prevents displaying them for the current voice.
repeat [<n> [k]]
Try to replace a sequence by one or many repeat signs.
When placed after a bar, <n> indicates the number of measures
to be repeated. It may be only one or two. If <n> is one,
<k> indicates how many times the previous measure is to be
repeated. If <n> is two, <k> is not used.
When placed after a note or rest, <n> indicates the number of
notes and rests to be repeated, and <k> how many times this
repetition occurs.
When omitted, <n> and <k> default to 1.
No check is done on the equality of the sequences.
See 'sample5.abc' for examples.
score <definition>
See the ABC standard version 2.0 for description.
sep [<h1> <h2> <len>]
Print a separator of length <len> with space <h1> above and
space <h2> below (defaults: h1 = h2 = 0.5cm, len = 3.0cm).
setbarnb <int>
Set the number of the next measure to <int>.
When found outside a tune, this command is the same as
'%%measurefirst'. If it appears at the beginning of the tune
(after K:), only the 2nd measure will have the new number.
staff <["+" | "-"] int>
Put the next symbols of the current voice on the staff <int>
(1..n - see sample4.abc for example), or on the <+int>th or
<-int>th staff.
staffbreak <unit> ["f"]
Have a break in the current staff. <unit> gives the width of the
break (in points, inches or cm). As a side effect, when the width
is bigger than 0.5 cm, the left side of the staff system is redrawn.
When used in a multi-voice tune, a staff break must be inserted
in each voice.
When "f" is not present, the staff break is removed if it occurs
at start or end of line.
staves <definition>
See 'features.txt' for description.
tablature [#<int>] [[<unit-1>] <unit-2>] <unit-3> \
[pitch=<pitch>] <head-func> <note-func> [<bar-func>]
Define a tablature for the current voice.
Arguments:
<int> gives the tablature number (from 1 to 8, default=1).
<unit-1> gives the width of the header (left side of
the music line.
<unit-2> gives the tablature height above the staff.
<unit-3> gives the tablature height under the staff.
<pitch> is the pitch of the instrument. It looks like
a normal ABC note. When present, the pitch of
each note is given to the note function.
When absent, the information about the note(s)
is given by one or many lyrics (w:).
<head-func> is the PostScript function called at start
of a new music line.
<note-func> is the PostScript function called at each note.
<bar-func> is the PostScript function called at each bar.
The arguments of the PostScript functions depend on the pitch
presence.
When the pitch is absent, the stack contains:
- head function:
- the music line width,
- the x and y offsets,
- the number of w: lines.
- note function:
- the string as defined by the 'w:' line.
- the x and y offsets.
- the w: line number (0 .. n-1).
- bar function:
- the ABC bar as a string.
- the x and y offsets.
- the w: line number (0 .. n-1).
Otherwise (pitch present), the PS origins are translated to
the tablature area and the stack contains:
- head function:
- the instrument pitch with a single uppercase
letter and a sharp or flat.
- note function:
- the octave (0 is 'C') letting pitch >= 0 and < 36
- the pitch in 12th of octave on 3 octaves (0..35)
- the x offset
- the bar function is never called.
For examples of tablatures without pitch, see:
'accordion.abc'
'http://moinejf.free.fr/abc/banjo.abc',
'http://moinejf.free.fr/abc/bataille.abc'
'http://moinejf.free.fr/abc/tabyf1.abc'
For examples of tablatures without pitch, look at
flute.abc
and try:
abcm2ps sample.abc -e1 -f flute.fmt -T1 -T3
text <line of text>
Print one line of text.
vskip <h>
Skip vertical space of height <h>.
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