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<H1> 11.3 Raise Statements</H1>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>1</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> [A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement</FONT>
raises an exception.] </DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Syntax</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement<A NAME="I4055"></A>
::= </FONT><B>raise</B> [<I>exception_</I><A NAME="I4056"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">name</FONT>];</DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Legality Rules</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>3</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">name</FONT>,
if any, in a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement</FONT> shall
denote an exception. <A NAME="I4057"></A>A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement</FONT>
with no <I>exception_</I><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">name</FONT> (that
is, a <I>re-raise statement</I>) shall be within a handler, but not within
a body enclosed by that handler. </DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Dynamic Semantics</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>4</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> <A NAME="I4058"></A>To <I>raise an exception</I>
is to raise a new occurrence of that exception[, as explained in <A HREF="AA-11-4.html">11.4</A>].
<A NAME="I4059"></A>For the execution of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement</FONT>
with an <I>exception_</I><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">name</FONT>, the
named exception is raised. <A NAME="I4060"></A>For the execution of a
re-raise statement, the exception occurrence that caused transfer of
control to the innermost enclosing handler is raised [again]. </DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>4.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1><B>Implementation Note: </B>For
a re-raise statement, the implementation does not create a new Exception_Occurrence,
but instead propagates the same Exception_Occurrence value. This allows
the original cause of the exception to be determined. </FONT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Examples</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>5</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal" Style="margin-bottom: 0.4em"> <I>Examples of raise
statements:</I> </DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>6</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT><B>raise</B> Ada.IO_Exceptions.Name_Error; <I>-- see <A HREF="AA-A-13.html">A.13</A></I></TT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>7</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT><B>raise</B>; <I>-- re-raise the current exception</I></TT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Wording Changes from Ada 83</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>7.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>The fact that the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">name</FONT>
in a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement</FONT> has to denote
an exception is not clear from RM83. Clearly that was the intent, since
the italicized part of the syntax rules so indicate, but there was no
explicit rule. RM83-1.5(11) doesn't seem to give the italicized parts
of the syntax any force. </FONT></DIV>
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