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<H1> 5.1 Simple and Compound Statements - Sequences of Statements</H1>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>1</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> [A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement</FONT>
is either simple or compound. A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">simple_statement</FONT>
encloses no other <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement</FONT>. A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">compound_statement</FONT>
can enclose <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">simple_statement</FONT>s and
other <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">compound_statement</FONT>s.] </DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Syntax</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">sequence_of_statements<A NAME="I2884"></A>
::= </FONT><A NAME="I2885"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement</FONT> {<A NAME="I2886"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement</FONT>}</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>3</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement<A NAME="I2887"></A>
::= </FONT><BR>
{<A NAME="I2888"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label</FONT>} <A NAME="I2889"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">simple_statement</FONT> | {<A NAME="I2890"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label</FONT>} <A NAME="I2891"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">compound_statement</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>4</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">simple_statement<A NAME="I2892"></A>
::= </FONT><A NAME="I2893"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">null_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2894"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">assignment_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2895"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">exit_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2896"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">goto_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2897"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">procedure_call_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2898"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">return_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2899"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">entry_call_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2900"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">requeue_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2901"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">delay_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2902"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">abort_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2903"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">raise_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2904"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">code_statement</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>5</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">compound_statement<A NAME="I2905"></A>
::= </FONT><BR>
<A NAME="I2906"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">if_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2907"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">case_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2908"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">loop_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2909"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT><BR>
| <A NAME="I2910"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">accept_statement</FONT> | <A NAME="I2911"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">select_statement</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>6</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">null_statement<A NAME="I2912"></A>
::= </FONT><B>null</B>;</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>7</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label<A NAME="I2913"></A>
::= </FONT><<<I>label_</I><A NAME="I2914"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>>></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>8</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented"><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier<A NAME="I2915"></A>
::= </FONT><A NAME="I2916"></A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">direct_name</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>9</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SyntaxIndented">The <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">direct_name</FONT>
of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT> shall
be an <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">identifier</FONT> (not an <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">operator_symbol</FONT>).
</DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Name Resolution Rules</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>10</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">direct_name</FONT>
of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT> shall
resolve to denote its corresponding implicit declaration (see below).
</DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Legality Rules</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>11</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> Distinct <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">identifiers</FONT>
shall be used for all <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>s
that appear in the same body, including inner <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>s
but excluding inner program units. </DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Static Semantics</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> For each <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>,
there is an implicit declaration (with the specified <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">identifier</FONT>)
at the end of the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">declarative_part</FONT>
of the innermost <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>
or body that encloses the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>.
The implicit declarations occur in the same order as the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>s
occur in the source text. If a usage name denotes such an implicit declaration,
the entity it denotes is the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label</FONT>,
<FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">loop_statement</FONT>, or <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>
with the given <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>.
</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1><B>Reason: </B>We talk in terms
of individual <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifiers</FONT>
here rather than in terms of the corresponding statements, since a given
<FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement</FONT> may have multiple <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>s.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.b</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>
that has no explicit <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">declarative_part</FONT>
has an implicit empty <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">declarative_part</FONT>,
so this rule can safely refer to the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">declarative_part</FONT>
of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.c</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>The scope of a declaration starts
at the place of the declaration itself (see <A HREF="AA-8-2.html">8.2</A>).
In the case of a label, loop, or block name, it follows from this rule
that the scope of the implicit declaration starts before the first explicit
occurrence of the corresponding name, since this occurrence is either
in a statement label, a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">loop_statement</FONT>,
a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>, or a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">goto_statement</FONT>.
An implicit declaration in a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>
may hide a declaration given in an outer program unit or <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>
(according to the usual rules of hiding explained in <A HREF="AA-8-3.html">8.3</A>).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.d</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>The syntax rule for <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label</FONT>
uses <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT> which
is a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">direct_name</FONT> (not a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">defining_identifier</FONT>),
because labels are implicitly declared. The same applies to loop and
block names. In other words, the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label</FONT>
itself is not the defining occurrence; the implicit declaration is.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.e</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations" Style="margin-bottom: 0.4em"><FONT SIZE=-1>We
cannot consider the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">label</FONT> to be
a defining occurrence. An example that can tell the difference is this:
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.f</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SmallExamples"><TT><B>declare</B><BR>
--<I> Label Foo is implicitly declared here.</I><BR>
<B>begin</B><BR>
<B>for</B> Foo <B>in</B> ... <B>loop</B><BR>
...<BR>
<<Foo>> --<I> Illegal.</I><BR>
...<BR>
<B>end</B> <B>loop</B>;<BR>
<B>end</B>;<BR>
</TT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12.g</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>The label in this example is hidden
from itself by the loop parameter with the same name; the example is
illegal. We considered creating a new syntactic category name, separate
from <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">direct_name</FONT> and <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">selector_name</FONT>,
for use in the case of statement labels. However, that would confuse
the rules in Section 8, so we didn't do it. </FONT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Dynamic Semantics</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>13</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> <A NAME="I2917"></A>The execution of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">null_statement</FONT>
has no effect.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>14</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> <A NAME="I2918"></A>A <I>transfer of control</I>
is the run-time action of an <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">exit_statement</FONT>,
<FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">return_statement</FONT>, <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">goto_statement</FONT>,
or <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">requeue_statement</FONT>, selection
of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">terminate_alternative</FONT>, raising
of an exception, or an abort, which causes the next action performed
to be one other than what would normally be expected from the other rules
of the language. [As explained in <A HREF="AA-7-6-1.html">7.6.1</A>,
a transfer of control can cause the execution of constructs to be completed
and then left, which may trigger finalization.]</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>15</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> <A NAME="I2919"></A>The execution of a <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">sequence_of_statements</FONT>
consists of the execution of the individual <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement</FONT>s
in succession until the <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">sequence_</FONT>
is completed. </DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>15.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1><B>Ramification: </B>It could
be completed by reaching the end of it, or by a transfer of control.
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="NotesHeader"><FONT SIZE=-1>NOTES</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>16</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Notes"><FONT SIZE=-1>1 A <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT>
that appears immediately within the declarative region of a named <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">loop_statement</FONT>
or an <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">accept_statement</FONT> is nevertheless
implicitly declared immediately within the declarative region of the
innermost enclosing body or <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>;
in other words, the expanded name for a named statement is not affected
by whether the statement occurs inside or outside a named loop or an
<FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">accept_statement</FONT> -- only nesting
within <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">block_statement</FONT>s is relevant
to the form of its expanded name. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>16.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations" Style="margin-bottom: 0.4em"><FONT SIZE=-1><B>Discussion:
</B>Each comment in the following example gives the expanded name associated
with an entity declared in the task body: </FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>16.b</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="SmallExamples"><TT><B>task body</B> Compute <B>is</B><BR>
Sum : Integer := 0; <I>-- Compute.Sum</I><BR>
<B>begin</B><BR>
Outer: <I>-- Compute.Outer</I><BR>
<B>for</B> I <B>in</B> 1..10 <B>loop</B> <I>-- Compute.Outer.I</I><BR>
Blk: <I>-- Compute.Blk</I><BR>
<B>declare</B><BR>
Sum : Integer := 0; <I>-- Compute.Blk.Sum</I><BR>
<B>begin</B><BR>
<B>accept</B> Ent(I : out Integer; J : in Integer) <B>do</B><BR>
<I>-- Compute.Ent.I, Compute.Ent.J</I><BR>
Compute.Ent.I := Compute.Outer.I;<BR>
Inner: <I>-- Compute.Blk.Inner</I><BR>
<B>for</B> J <B>in</B> 1..10 <B>loop</B><BR>
<I>-- Compute.Blk.Inner.J</I><BR>
Sum := Sum + Compute.Blk.Inner.J * Compute.Ent.J;<BR>
<B>end loop</B> Inner;<BR>
<B>end</B> Ent;<BR>
Compute.Sum := Compute.Sum + Compute.Blk.Sum;<BR>
<B>end</B> Blk;<BR>
<B>end loop</B> Outer;<BR>
Record_Result(Sum);<BR>
<B>end</B> Compute;</TT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Examples</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>17</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal" Style="margin-bottom: 0.4em"> <I>Examples of
labeled statements:</I> </DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>18</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT><<Here>> <<Ici>> <<Aqui>> <<Hier>> <B>null</B>;</TT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>19</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT><<After>> X := 1;</TT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Extensions to Ada 83</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>19.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1><A NAME="I2920"></A>The <FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">requeue_statement</FONT>
is new. </FONT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Wording Changes from Ada 83</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>19.b</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>We define the syntactic category
<FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica">statement_identifier</FONT> to simplify
the description. It is used for labels, loop names, and block names.
We define the entity associated with the implicit declarations of statement
names.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>19.c</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1>Completion includes completion
caused by a transfer of control, although RM83-5.1(6) did not take this
view. </FONT></DIV>
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