1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>AARM95 - Exceptions in Input-Output</TITLE>
<META NAME="Author" CONTENT="JTC1/SC22/WG9/ARG, by Randall Brukardt, ARG Editor">
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Arm_Form.Exe, Ada Reference Manual generator">
<STYLE type="text/css">
DIV.paranum {position: absolute; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; left: 0.5 em; top: auto}
TT {font-family: "Courier New", monospace}
DT {display: compact}
DIV.Normal {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.Wide {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-top: 0.6em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.Annotations {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.WideAnnotations {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-top: 0.6em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.Index {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif}
DIV.SyntaxSummary {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-bottom: 0.4em}
DIV.Notes {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.NotesHeader {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em}
DIV.SyntaxIndented {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-bottom: 0.4em}
DIV.Indented {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 6.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.CodeIndented {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.SmallIndented {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 10.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.SmallCodeIndented {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 8.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.Examples {font-family: "Courier New", monospace; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.SmallExamples {font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 80%; margin-left: 7.5em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.IndentedExamples {font-family: "Courier New", monospace; margin-left: 8.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DIV.SmallIndentedExamples {font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 80%; margin-left: 15.0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
UL.Bulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-right: 2.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.SmallBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 6.0em; margin-right: 6.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.NestedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-right: 4.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.SmallNestedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 8.0em; margin-right: 8.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.IndentedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 8.0em; margin-right: 8.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.CodeIndentedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 6.0em; margin-right: 6.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.CodeIndentedNestedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 8.0em; margin-right: 8.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.SyntaxIndentedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-right: 4.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.NotesBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-right: 4.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
UL.NotesNestedBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 6.0em; margin-right: 6.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
DL.Hanging {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DD.Hanging {margin-left: 6.0em}
DL.IndentedHanging {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DD.IndentedHanging {margin-left: 2.0em}
DL.HangingInBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-right: 2.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
DD.HangingInBulleted {margin-left: 4.0em}
DL.SmallHanging {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DD.SmallHanging {margin-left: 7.5em}
DL.SmallIndentedHanging {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 8.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.6em}
DD.SmallIndentedHanging {margin-left: 2.0em}
DL.SmallHangingInBulleted {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 6.0em; margin-right: 6.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
DD.SmallHangingInBulleted {margin-left: 5.0em}
DL.Enumerated {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-right: 0.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
DD.Enumerated {margin-left: 2.0em}
DL.SmallEnumerated {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 4.0em; margin-right: 4.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
DD.SmallEnumerated {margin-left: 2.5em}
DL.NestedEnumerated {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 2.0em; margin-right: 2.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
DL.SmallNestedEnumerated {font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif; margin-left: 6.0em; margin-right: 6.0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#FFFFF0" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#800080" ALINK="#FF0000">
<P><A HREF="AA-TOC.html">Contents</A> <A HREF="AA-0-29.html">Index</A> <A HREF="AA-A-12-3.html">Previous</A> <A HREF="AA-A-14.html">Next</A></P>
<HR>
<H1> A.13 Exceptions in Input-Output</H1>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>1</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The package IO_Exceptions defines the exceptions
needed by the predefined input-output packages. </DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Static Semantics</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal" Style="margin-bottom: 0.4em"> The library package
IO_Exceptions has the following declaration: </DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>3</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT><B>package</B> Ada.IO_Exceptions <B>is</B><A NAME="I6245"></A><A NAME="I6246"></A><A NAME="I6247"></A><BR>
<B>pragma</B> Pure(IO_Exceptions);</TT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>4</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT> <A NAME="I6248"></A>Status_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6249"></A>Mode_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6250"></A>Name_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6251"></A>Use_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6252"></A>Device_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6253"></A>End_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6254"></A>Data_Error : <B>exception</B>;<BR>
<A NAME="I6255"></A>Layout_Error : <B>exception</B>;</TT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>5</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Examples"><TT><B>end</B> Ada.IO_Exceptions;</TT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>6</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> If more than one error condition exists, the corresponding
exception that appears earliest in the following list is the one that
is propagated.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>7</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Status_Error is propagated by an
attempt to operate upon a file that is not open, and by an attempt to
open a file that is already open.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>8</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Mode_Error is propagated by an attempt
to read from, or test for the end of, a file whose current mode is Out_File
or Append_File, and also by an attempt to write to a file whose current
mode is In_File. In the case of Text_IO, the exception Mode_Error is
also propagated by specifying a file whose current mode is Out_File or
Append_File in a call of Set_Input, Skip_Line, End_Of_Line, Skip_Page,
or End_Of_Page; and by specifying a file whose current mode is In_File
in a call of Set_Output, Set_Line_Length, Set_Page_Length, Line_Length,
Page_Length, New_Line, or New_Page.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>9</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Name_Error is propagated by a call
of Create or Open if the string given for the parameter Name does not
allow the identification of an external file. For example, this exception
is propagated if the string is improper, or, alternatively, if either
none or more than one external file corresponds to the string.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>10</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Use_Error is propagated if an operation
is attempted that is not possible for reasons that depend on characteristics
of the external file. For example, this exception is propagated by the
procedure Create, among other circumstances, if the given mode is Out_File
but the form specifies an input only device, if the parameter Form specifies
invalid access rights, or if an external file with the given name already
exists and overwriting is not allowed.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>11</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Device_Error is propagated if an
input-output operation cannot be completed because of a malfunction of
the underlying system.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>12</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception End_Error is propagated by an attempt
to skip (read past) the end of a file.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>13</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Data_Error can be propagated by
the procedure Read (or by the Read attribute) if the element read cannot
be interpreted as a value of the required subtype. This exception is
also propagated by a procedure Get (defined in the package Text_IO) if
the input character sequence fails to satisfy the required syntax, or
if the value input does not belong to the range of the required subtype.</DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>14</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The exception Layout_Error is propagated (in
text input-output) by Col, Line, or Page if the value returned exceeds
Count'Last. The exception Layout_Error is also propagated on output by
an attempt to set column or line numbers in excess of specified maximum
line or page lengths, respectively (excluding the unbounded cases). It
is also propagated by an attempt to Put too many characters to a string.
</DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Documentation Requirements</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>15</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> The implementation shall document the conditions
under which Name_Error, Use_Error and Device_Error are propagated. </DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Implementation Permissions</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>16</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> If the associated check is too complex, an implementation
need not propagate Data_Error as part of a procedure Read (or the Read
attribute) if the value read cannot be interpreted as a value of the
required subtype. </DIV>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>16.a</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Annotations"><FONT SIZE=-1><B>Ramification: </B>An example
where the implementation may choose not to perform the check is an enumeration
type with a representation clause with ``holes'' in the range of internal
codes.</FONT></DIV>
<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>Erroneous Execution</H4>
<DIV Class="Paranum"><FONT SIZE=-2>17</FONT></DIV>
<DIV Class="Normal"> <A NAME="I6256"></A>[If the element read by the
procedure Read (or by the Read attribute) cannot be interpreted as a
value of the required subtype, but this is not detected and Data_Error
is not propagated, then the resulting value can be abnormal, and subsequent
references to the value can lead to erroneous execution, as explained
in <A HREF="AA-13-9-1.html">13.9.1</A>. <A NAME="I6257"></A><A NAME="I6258"></A>]</DIV>
<HR>
<P><A HREF="AA-TOC.html">Contents</A> <A HREF="AA-0-29.html">Index</A> <A HREF="AA-A-12-3.html">Previous</A> <A HREF="AA-A-14.html">Next</A> <A HREF="AA-TTL.html">Legal</A></P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
|
