Programs of AF's backup system
==============================


Programs on the server side
---------------------------

 $BASEDIR/server/bin/cartis

  Administration of the cartridge numbers. Usage:

      cartis <number>

      cartis -i <ins-cart> <ins-file> [ -S <cartset> ]

  The first form of this command is used to give the backup
  server a hint, which cartridge number is actually placed inside
  the streamer. Normally it has no chance to find out the number
  and must maintain it's own information about it. If you are not
  initially starting with cartridge number 1, you have to enter
  this command at least on time (see: README, "BEFORE YOU START").
  The second form instructs the server to write the next backup
  data stream to cartridge number <ins-cart>, starting at file
  number <ins-file>. This is useful, if for some reason you want
  to take the cartridge actually lying inside the drive out and
  continue on a different tape or at the beginning of the tape
  you have put in instead. Note, that it usually causes problems,
  if you try to write at a tape position, that is not at the end
  of the last file, that has been written to tape. So set the
  <ins-file> number only to a value different from 1, if you
  really know, that this is the end of the used tape area. In
  other words, if n files are on tape, set <ins-file> to n+1. So
  if you don't know n, you're better off starting to write at the
  beginning of a new tape entering the appropriate cartis-command.
  To find out, what the server is thinking, which cartridge is
  actually inside the drive, you can give the command
  $BASEDIR/client/bin/client -q  on any client. If the value, that
  is printed out, does not reflect the reality, you have to inform
  the backup server about this fact via this command entering both
  forms of this command. The first form with the real cartridge
  number and the second one with the next cartridge number and a 1
  as file number. Then the next backup goes to the next cartridge.
  You may also set the next backup writing position to the current
  file number on the correct cartridge. To find out, where the
  server side intents to write the next backup, enter the command
  $BASEDIR/client/bin/client -Q  on any client.
  It makes sense to check the consistency from time to time, if
  the backup server has the right idea of the actual cartridge.

   -S <cartset>    The cartridge set to use, where <cartset> is the
                     number of a valid cartridge set on the server
                     side. Default is 1


 $BASEDIR/server/bin/cartready

  (No arguments evaluated)
  If you have no cartridge handling system, a human must put the
  next cartridge into the drive, if necessary. Then the backup-
  server must get a hint, when the maintainer has done it. This
  is achieved entering this command on the backup server host,
  after the new cartridge is inserted. Nonetheless the server
  process waits a certain timespan, until it accesses the drive
  the next time (See: "Cart-Insert-Gracetime" in CONFIG).


 $BASEDIR/server/bin/label_tape

  Write a label to tape or display it. Usage:

       label_tape <label-number> [ -c <configfile> ] \
                  [ -d <devicename> ] [ -b <blocksize> ] \
                  [ -s <set-file-cmd> ] [ -C <num-cartridges> ]
       label_tape -q [ -c <configfile> ] [ -d <devicename> ] \
                  [ -b <blocksize> ] [ -s <set-file-cmd> ]

  The first form writes a label to the tape, the second form shows
  the label on the tape, that is actually loaded.
  The tape-label must be an integer number. This number is written
  to the tape actually in the drive and identifies it uniquely. It
  must be in the range from 1 to the number of cartridges given in
  the configuration file. This label is written at the beginning
  of the tape, so all data on tape will be lost. Due to that fact
  the user is always prompted, if he really wants to do this.
  <config-file> can be a different configuration file than the one
  the server process is started with. Normally it makes no sense
  to use this option, but in extremely pathological cases the
  program might not be able to find out the full path to the
  configuration file. Then is has to be supplied at the command
  line.
  The normal case is to use this command without options, but the
  settings in the serverside configuration file can be overridden,
  if necessary.

   -c <configfile> A different configuration file to use

   -d <devicename> The device to use

   -b <blocksize>  The blocksize of the device to use

   -s <setf-cmd>   The command to reel the tape to a given
                     file position

   -C <num-carts>  The total number of handled cartridges


 $BASEDIR/server/bin/server [ <configuration-file> ]

  The server program. It must be started by the inetd-superdaemon.
  The configuration-file is read as $BASEDIR/server/lib/backup.conf
  if not given explicitely and if not found there the default files
  /etc/buserver.conf and /etc/afbackup/server.conf are tried.

  Options:

    -b         Turns off buffering mode. This reduces performance
                but seems to be necessary on some OSes

  Options for debugging purposes only:

    -D         Enter an infinite loop at startup to be caught
                using a debugger or continue, when a USR1 signal
                is sent to the process

    -s         Don't use secure mode for client requests. No
                authentication is performed

    -l <file>  Use a different logfile than set in the config
                file (see: Parameter Logging-File)

    -x <dir>   Use a different directory for remotely startable
                programs (see: Parameter Program-Directory)


Programs on the client side
---------------------------

 $BASEDIR/client/bin/full_backup

  Run a full backup. The usage:

      full_backup [ -da ] [ {+-}LB ] [ <files> <directories> ... ]
                  [ -C <root-directory> ] [ -F \"<files-to-skip>\" ]
                  [ -D \"<directories-to-skip>\" ]
                  [ -c <configuration-file> ]
                  [ -h <backuphosts> ] [ -P <backup-ports> ]
                  [ -I <indexfile-part> ]
                  [ -N <num-indexes-to-store> ]
                  [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ]
                  [ -s \"<dont-compress-patterns>\" ]
                  [ -X <exclude-list-file> ] [ -l <logfile> ]
                  [ -i <startup-info-program> ]
                  [ -b <init-program> ] [ -e <exit-program> ]
                  [ -k <encryption-key-file> ]
                  [ -V <var-directory> ] [ -S <cartridge-sets> ]

  This program reads the client-side configuration file and runs
  (eventually a part of) a full backup of all files and directories
  specified in the configuration file or on the commandline. It is
  recommended to setup everything in the configuration file and run
  this command without any arguments (same applies for incr_backup).
  If files and/or directories are supplied on the commandline, those
  specified in the configuration file are overridden. Furthermore
  the program then behaves slightly different: If backup parts are
  configured, they are ignored. The timestamp, that is evaluated
  during incremental backup to determine, whether files have been
  modified, is not changed. This behaviour reflects the assumption,
  that supplying files or directories on the commandline is done
  for testing or other temporary purposes. Modifying the timestamp
  would confuse the normal regularly running backup mechanism. In
  these temporary cases the -a option should make sense, see below
  for details. Be also aware of the -C option's meaning. If the name
  of a file is preceded with -r, the contents of the file is stored,
  but not the characteristics of the inode. This is useful for
  saving raw devices. By default, compression is always turned off.
  Using -R forces compression of the contents. Preceding a directory
  name with -m the recursive descent into this directory is limited
  to the filesystem, where the directory resides.
  The names of the files and directories, that are stored, are
  written into logfiles, that comprise of the indexfile-part (-I)
  and the current total backup counter. This counter is incremented
  each time a full backup (part 1) starts. A minimum information
  required to restore after a hard crash having lost everything is
  piped into the startup-info-program (-i). 
  Whether only a part of a full backup is run depends on the setting
  of the parameter NumBackupParts (See: CONFIG). If the configuration
  file is not supplied explicitely, then it is searched for in the
  .../lib-directory and if not found there the files
  /etc/buclient.conf /etc/afbackup/server.conf are tried.
  Commandline options generally override configuration file settings.
  Every option described below (except -c) has a corresponding
  entry in the configuration file, but there are more possible
  settings in the config file.

   -a              Append mode. Do not increment the total backup
                     counter. (See -N)

   {+-}B           Perform per-file compression on the stored files
                     (+B) or not (-B) (See: -F)

   -b <initprog>   Run the given program before attempting a backup.
                     If the command returns an exit status unequal
                     to 0, no backup is performed (see: -e). Not to
                     be mixed up with option -i

   -C <rootdir>    Change to the given directory before starting the
                     backup climbing down into the directories to be
                     stored

   -c <configfile> A different configuration file to use

   -D <skip-dirs>  A list of directory name patterns separated by
                     whitespace to ignore for backup. Several must be
                     put into quotes (See: -F and -X)

   -d              Detach from the terminal when starting

   -e <exitprog>   Run the specified program after finishing. If the
                     command comprises of several words separated by
                     whitespace, it must be put into quotes (See: -i)

   -F <skip-files> A list of filename patterns separated by whitespace
                     to ignore for backup. Several must be put into
                     quotes (See: -D and -X)

   -h <backuphosts> The names of the hosts, where a backup server side
                     lives. The list can be separated by commas and/or
                     whitespace. If whitespace is present, quotes are
                     necessary. The hosts are tested for service
                     availability. If a backup server is not ready,
                     the next one is tried. If all are busy, the program
                     waits for a minute and tries again

   -I <idx-prefix> The first part of the filename, the names of the
                     stored files and directories are written to. The
                     current total backup number is appended (that
                     increments each start of a full backup). If these
                     files undergo compression, .z is appended

   -i <info-prog>  The command to save startup information. A minimum
                     information to recover from a hard crash is piped
                     into this program (at stdin). If the command
                     comprises of several words, it must be put into
                     quotes. Not to be mixed up with option -b

   -k <file>       Use the contents of the given file as encryption
                     key for authenticating to the server

   {+-}L           Compress the filename list files (+L) or not (-L)
                     (See: -I)

   -l <logfile>    Write loggings into the given logfile. A dash -
                     means: no logging, only write to stderr

   -N <num-idxes>  The number of filename list files, that is stored
                     over time. A new list is begun at each start of
                     a full backup (except -a is supplied)

   -P <portnos>    The port numbers, that are tried to connect at the
                     servers. They must be supplied positionally according
                     to the configured or (with the -h option) given
                     backup servers. The list may be separated by whitespace
                     and/or commas. If whitespace is present, quotes are
                     necessary

   -S <cartsets>   The cartridge sets to use, where <cartsets> is a
                     number of a valid cartridge set on the appropriate
                     server side. Default is 1. These must be supplied
                     positionally according to the configured or (with
                     the -h option) given backup servers. The list may
                     be separated by whitespace and/or commas. If
                     whitespace is present, quotes are necessary

   -s <nocompr>    A list of filename patterns, that no compression is
                     attempted on, what can save time significantly.
                     The list should always be enclosed in quotes

   -V <var-dir>    The directory, where varying files are put

   -X <excl-file>  The name of a file, that may exist in any directory
                     containing a list of filename patterns, one per
                     line. All files and directories in that directory
                     matching one of the patterns are exluded from
                     backup (See: -D and -F)

   -z <z> <uz>     The commands to use for compress and uncompress. If
                     a command comprises of several words, it must be
                     put in quotes

  A table of corresponding command line options and configuration
  file entries, (subsets) accepted by full_backup, incr_backup,
  restore, verify, print_errors:

   Option       Client configuration file parameter name

    +B -B       CompressBackupedFiles

    -b          InitProgram

    -C          RootDirectory

    -D          DirsToSkip

    -e          ExitProgram

    -F          FilesToSkip

    -h          BackupHosts

    -I          IndexFilePart

    -i          StartupInfoProgram

    -k          EncryptionKeyFile

    -l          LoggingFile

    +L -L       CompressLogfiles

    -N          NumIndexesToStore

    -P          BackupPorts

    -S          CartridgeSets

    -s          DoNotCompress

    -V          VarDirectory

    -X          ExcludeListFile

    -z          CompressCmd UncompressCmd


 $BASEDIR/client/bin/incr_backup

  Run an incremental backup. Usage: See full_backup above.

  This program reads the client-side configuration file and runs
  an incremental backup, i.e. all files and directories are saved,
  whose modification time is later than the moment the previous
  backup (full or incremental) has started. The options and their
  meanings are exactly the same as for full_backup, except for the
  -a option, see below. The total backup number is not increased.

   -a              Differential mode. The timestamp storing the
                     time of the last backup is not modified


 $BASEDIR/client/bin/restore

  The restore utility. The Usage:

       restore [ -nl ] [ -<past-backup-no> ] [ -C <root-directory> ] \
               [ -h <backuphosts> ] [ -P <backup-ports> ] \
               [ -c <configuration-file> ] \
               [ -A "<after-date>" ] [ -B "<before-date>" ] \
               [ -I <indexfile-part> ] [ -V <var-directory> ] \
               [ -k <encryption-key-file> ] \
               [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ] \
               [ -p ] <path-pattern> [ [ -p ] <path-patterns> [ ... ] ]
       restore -a [ -<past-backup-no> ] [ -C <root-directory> ] \
               [ -h <backuphosts> ] [ -P <backup-ports> ] \
               [ -c <configuration-file> ] \
               [ -I <indexfile-part> ] [ -V <var-directory> ] \
               [ -k <encryption-key-file> ] \
               [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ]
       restore -{ef} [ -C <root-directory> ] [ -h <backuphosts> ] \
               [ -P <backup-ports> ] [ -V <var-directory> ] \
               [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ] \
               [ -k <encryption-key-file> ] \
               [ -c <configuration-file> ] < <startup-info-file>
       restore -E [ -nl ] [ -C <root-directory> ] [ -h <backuphosts> ] \
       	       [ -P <backup-ports> ] [ -V <var-directory> ] \
       	       [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ] \
       	       [ -k <encryption-key-file> ] \
       	       [ -c <configuration-file> ] [ -H <orig-host> ] \
       	       [ <cartridge-number> | <cartridge-range> ] ... ]

  The first form can be used for restoring selected pieces of
  a certain previous backup run. If no option of the type
  -<past-backup-no> is supplied (e.g. -2 ), the most recently
  made backup is accessed. If an option like this is given,
  the backup system tries to extract the files from the backup
  before ( -1 ) or even an earlier one. This requires, that
  enough file- and directory-name-logging is provided. This
  can be done with the client-side configuration parameter
  NumIndexesToStore (See: CONFIG). The parameters <path-pattern>
  indicate, which files and directories should be restored. An
  asterisk is implicitely put before and after the <path-pattern>,
  so it is assumed to be a substring of the path. This can be
  prevented preceding the <path-pattern> with the option -p.
  These may be wildcards for the full path name leading to the
  file relative to the directory, to that the client changes
  before starting any backup or restore (See under the parameter
  RootDirectory in CONFIG). Note, that you have to put these into 
  quotes, if you are using wildcards to prevent substutition. It
  is a bad idea to restore a total backup entering: restore "*"
  This leads to a huge filelist to be processed by the client,
  what might plug up memory and/or temporary space in some
  filesystem. Instead you should use the second form with the
  option -a, what restores a total backup. The third form
  restores without looking for filename log files. Instead it
  reads the standard input for information, where to extract
  from. The format expected at standard input is the same as
  produced by incr_backup or full_backup, if the configuration
  option StartupInfoProgram is used. The given program is then
  supplied with the appropriate information and should write
  it to some place outside the local host, so that it will not
  be affected by a hard crash (see: StartupInfoProgram in
  CONFIG). The fourth form scans the cartridges (if supplied)
  on the given servers (if supplied, eventually with alternate
  given port numbers - see below for the format, how to specify
  cartridge/host/port-triples) for backups done from the host,
  where the restore program is started and restores everything
  it finds. The functionality is similar to -e, but no input has
  to be supplied. If the client's hostname has changed or restore
  should be done on another host, the original hostname must be
  supplied with the -H option. Otherwise nothing or the wrong
  stuff will be restored. Scanning the cartridges can take a lot
  of time, but it should be several minutes, not hours.
  Cartridges can be supplied in three forms as arguments: simple
  numbers, ranges (e. g. as 3-5 without spaces), and ranges
  relative to the actual backup writing position (e. g. as -3).
  In the latter case -0 means the cartridge, that will be written
  to next time i.e. that holds the actual writing point. -2 stands
  for the latest 3 cartridges. To indicate, that a cartridge is
  located at a certain backup server, maybe with a special port
  number (if there are several backup servers), the cartridge
  number or range can be followed by the at-character @, optionally
  followed by the percent character % and the port number, e. g.
  3-5@buhost%2989 . No whitespace is allowed in such a specifier.
  If no port is given, the default port is assumed (2988). If no
  hostname is given, the default backup server is used. Default
  backup server is the first one in the list, that is configured
  in the parameter file or overriden by the option -h. Any number
  of ranges or numbers can be supplied, overlapping duplicates are
  ignored. If no cartridge numbers are given, the program searches
  backward from the actual writing position on each configured
  backup server until it thinks, it has enough backups found, or
  all cartridges on that server have been tried. The found backups
  are sorted in the correct order (using the stored backup time)
  and afterwards everything found is restored. This form of the
  command needs no information at all for an emergency restore. If
  the configuration file is not supplied explicitely, then it is
  searched for in the .../lib-directory and if not found there the
  files /etc/buclient.conf and /etc/afbackup/client.conf are tried.

  Flags

    -A <date>     Restore files modified after the given date. The
                    date should be put into quotes, cause it usually
                    contains whitespace. Valid formats are e.g.:
                      MM/DD/YYYY hh:mm:ss
                      DD.MM.YYYY hh:mm:ss
                    or the formats produced by ctime(3) or date(1).
                    The year may be supplied in two digits or in the
                    non-US-formats be omitted, then the current year
                    is assumed. The seconds may also be omitted
                    (hh:mm), the whole time may be left off, then
                    00:00 is assumed. Thus the shortest valid format
                    is DD.MM

    -B <date>     Restore files modified before the given date. See
                    -A for the valid date formats

    -C <root-dir> Change to the given root-directory before restoring
                    files instead of the one specified in the client
                    side configuration file. If this directory does
                    not exist, it is created

    -c <conffile> Use the given file for configuration information

    -e            Restore all files from the previous backup in an
                    emergency case without looking for the filename
                    logfiles, which are also restored

    -f            Restore only the filename logfiles in an emergency
                    case

    -H <orighost> (in combination with -E) Restore everything saved
                    from the given host, if different from the one,
                    where the program is running. Domainnames or
                    anything behind (and including) a dot in this
                    hostname is ignored

    -h <hostnames> Use the given list of hosts as backup servers. This
                    list is used only, if no hostname information can
                    be found as associated with the actual filesystem
                    entry, that should be restored. The first host in
                    this list is the default server, if no hostname
                    information at all can be found. If -E is given
                    and no cartridge number is supplied at all, all
                    hosts in this list are tried one after the other.
                    The hostnames in this list can be separated by
                    whitespace and/or commas

    -I <idx-prefix> The first part of the filename, the names of the
                    stored files and directories are written to. The
                    current total backup number is appended (that
                    increments each start of a full backup). If these
                    files undergo compression, .z is appended

    -k <file>     Use the contents of the given file as encryption
                    key for authenticating to the server

    -l            Do not restore anything, just list the names of
                    the files and/or directories, that fit the supplied
                    path-part(s); in combination with -E: just scan the
                    given tape(s) and printout the minimum restore info,
                    that can be read by restore -e

    -n            Do not restore anything, just printout a message,
                    how many files and/or directories fit the supplied
                    path-part(s); in combination with -E: just scan the
                    given tape(s) and printout, what backups have been
                    written there

    -P <portnos>  The list of port numbers for the backup servers
                    either configured in the parameter file or supplied
                    with the -h option. This list is used only, if no
                    port number information can be found as associated
                    with the actual filesystem entry, that should be
                    restored. The port numbers supplied here are asso-
                    ciated with the backup server names by position.
                    The port numbers in this list can be separated by
                    whitespace and/or commas

    -V <var-dir>  The directory, where varying files are put

    -z <z> <uz>   The commands to use for compress and uncompress. If
                    a command comprises of several words, it must be
                    put in quotes

  I suggest to run restore with the -l option before really going
  to restore anything. So you see, what files will be generated,
  maybe overwriting existing ones unintendedly.


 $BASEDIR/client/bin/verify

  Run a verify of a previous backup. The usage:

       verify [ -c <configuration-file> ] \
              [ -<past-run-no>[.<past-backup-no>] ] \
              [ -h <backuphosts> ] [ -P <backup-ports> ] \
              [ -C <root-directory> ] [ -S <cartridge-sets> ] \
              [ -I <indexfile-part> ] [ -V <var-directory> ] \
              [ -k <encryption-key-file> ] \
              [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ]

  Without any arguments, this program runs a verify over the
  previously written backup. This may either be a full or an
  incremental backup, only the contents of the very previous
  run are used. All found differences are reported.
   Though it is not considered to make too much sense, it is
  also provided, that files and directories saved during a run
  before the previous one can be checked. This can be done
  supplying the <past-backup-specifier>. If this is a simple
  number, it counts back from the previous full or incremental
  backup of the same total backup number (this number is increased
  each run of the full_backup-command, not by subsequent
  incremental backups). -1 means, that the backup before the
  previous one is checked and so on. If the contents of a previous
  total backup run should be checked, the following form may
  be used: -<previous-run>.<previous-total-backup>, where
  <previous-total-backup> counts back from the actual total backup
  number and <previous-run> counts back from the last backup
  (incremental or full) run among the previous total. previous-run
  may be 0 here. E.g. verify -0.1 checks the files saved during
  the last run of the previous total backup.

    -C <root-dir> Change to the given root-directory before verifying
                    files instead of the one specified in the client
                    side configuration file.

    -c <conffile> Use the given file for configuration information

    -h <hostnames> Use the given list of hosts as backup servers. This
                    list is used only, if no hostname information can
                    be found as associated with the actual filesystem
                    entry, that should be verified. The first host in
                    this list is the default server, if no hostname
                    information at all can be found. The hostnames in
                    this list can be separated by whitespace and/or
                    commas

    -I <idx-prefix> The first part of the filename, the names of the
                    stored files and directories can be found. The
                    current total backup number is appended (that
                    increments each start of a full backup). If these
                    files undergo compression, .z is appended

    -k <file>     Use the contents of the given file as encryption
                    key for authenticating to the server

    -P <portnos>  The list of port numbers for the backup servers
                    either configured in the parameter file or supplied
                    with the -h option. This list is used only, if no
                    port number information can be found as associated
                    with the actual filesystem entry, that should be
                    verified. The port numbers supplied here are asso-
                    ciated with the backup server names by position.
                    The port numbers in this list can be separated by
                    whitespace and/or commas

    -V <var-dir>  The directory, where varying files are put

    -z <z> <uz>   The commands to use for compress and uncompress. If
                    a command comprises of several words, it must be
                    put in quotes

  In my opinion a verify makes only sense immediately following
  an incremental or full backup with the purpose to check, whether
  the files and directories did not get corrupt on the storage
  media. If you want to do this (via cron or however), keep in
  mind, that the verify takes at least the same time as the
  backup itself. If you have a huge amount of data to save, the
  additional verify might run you into time consumtion problems.


 $BASEDIR/client/bin/client

  The main program of the client side. This program does not read
  configuration files or filelists nor does it maintain any other
  persistently stored information. It's just the workhorse providing
  the functionality, that is required by the higher level programs.
  Here's the usage, that can be printed out typing:  client -usage

       client -cxtd [ -RraunOvgiIqQZwb ]
               [ -h <backup-server> ]
               [ -z <zipcmd> <unzipcmd> ]
               [ -T <to-extract-filename> ]
               [ -C <cartridge-number> ]
               [ -F <filenumber-on-tape> ]
               [ -f <archive-filename> ]
               [ -e <errorlog-filename> ]
               [ -p <server-port-number> ]
               [ -N <newer-than-filename> ]
               [ -o <user-ID> ]
               [ -k <encrption-key-file> ]
               [ -s <dont-compress-filepattern> [ -s ... ] ]
               [ -H <header> ]
               [ -V <statistics-report-file> ]
               [ <files> <directories> ... ]

       client -X <program>
               [ -h <backup-client> ]

       client -\?  (to get help)

  The first form is similar to tar, except that it contacts a
  backup server, if the -f option is not supplied.

  The second form is used to start a program remotely on
  another host. In most cases this will be one of:

  client -X full_backup -h <some-host>
  client -X incr_backup -h <some-host>

  Normally this host is a backup client and a backup is started
  this way. Only programs can be started, that reside in the
  directory, that is configured in the backup server's configu-
  ration file unter "Program-Directory".

  The third form produces the following help text:

  Description
  ===========
  
  This program is used to maintain archives on a backup server
  host or in a file. Archives can be created, extracted or their
  contents be listed. Almost one of the following flags has to
  be supplied:
  
   -c  to create an archive
  
   -x  to extract from an archive
  
   -t  to list the contents of an archive
  
   -d  to verify (compare) the contents of an archive

   -C  to set a certain cartridge on the backup server
        (makes only sense extracting or listing with -x or
         -t, the writing position can't be changed by clients)

   -F  to set a certain file on the backup server's tape
        (same applies as for -C)

   -q  to printout the actual cartridge and tape file number
         on the backup server
  
   -Q  to printout the cartridge and tape file number for the
         the next write access on the backup server

   -X  followed by the full path name of a program to be started on
         the client. This can be used to trigger a backup remotely.
         If the program needs arguments, the command together with
         the arguments has to be enclosed by quotes
  
   -I  to  printout an index of the backups written to the
         actual cartridge

   -w  to check the status of the streamer on the server side, e.g.
         whether it is ready and waiting for requests to service,
         see below for possible states


  -c, -x, -t and -X are mutual exclusive. The other options can
  be supplied as needed. To set the cartridge and/or the tape file
  on the backup server is only making sense when not creating
  an archive. The serial order of writing to tape is handled by
  the server machine independently of the client.
  
  
  Filenames
  
  The names of the files and directories, that have to be put
  into or extracted from an archive are by default read from the
  standard input. If you supply filenames in the command line or
  enter the -a flag when extracting, standard input is not read.
  The same is valid, if filenames are read from a file with the
  -T option. When reading the names from a file or from standard
  input, filenames have to be separated by whitespace. If a name
  is containing whitespace, it has to be enclosed in double
  quotes ("). If a name contains double quotes or backslashes,
  each has to be preceded by a backslash (so backslashes become
  double backslashes).
  
  
  More options in alphabetical order:
  
   -a           in combination with -x: extract all files and
                  directories in the archive
  
   -b           don't enter buffering mode

   -e <errlog>  Use the file <errlog> to write error messages to
                  instead of the standard error output
  
   -f <file>    write to or read from a file instead of querying
                  the backup server
  
   -g           while extracting/reading: ignore leading garbage,
                  suppress error messages at the beginning. This
                  is useful when extracting from tape files, that
                  are not the first ones of a whole archive.
  
   -H <header>  put the supplied informational header to the begin
                  of the backup

   -h <host>    use the backup server with the name <host>
                  default host is the machine with the name
                  backuphost
  
   -i           while extracting: ignore the stored ownership and
                  do not restore it

   -k <file>    use the contents of the given file as encryption
                  key for authenticating to the server
  
   -l           for each packed or unpacked filename, if sending
                  to or receiving from a backup server in verbose
                     mode in combination with -n:
                  printout server name and port number at the
                  beginning of the line, e.g.: orion%2988!

   -N <file>    while archiving: ignore files with a modification
                  time before the one of the given file, only save
                  newer files or such with the same age in seconds

   -n           for each packed or unpacked filename, if sending
                  to or receiving from a backup server in verbose
                     mode:
                  printout cartridge and tape file number at the
                  beginning of the line, e. g.: 7.15: <filename>

   -O           for each packed file creating a backup in verbose
                  mode: printout the user-ID of the file owner at
                  the beginning of the line prefixed with a bar |
                  eventually behind cartridge and file number

   -o <uid>     archive or extract only files owned by the user
                  with the given user-ID (an integer)
  
   -p <portno>  use a different port number for communicating with
                  the backup server. Default is TCP-Port 2988
  
   -R           pack or extract directories recursively with all
                  of their contents
  
   -r           use filenames relative to the current directory,
                  whether they start with a slash or not

   -S <cartset> The cartridge set to use, where <cartset> is the
                  number of a valid cartridge set on the server
                  side. Default is 1. This option makes sense only
                  when creating backups with -c

   -s <filepat> do not attempt compression on files matching the
                  given filename pattern. This parameter may
                  appear several times

   -T <file>    read the filenames to process from the <file>.
                  The filenames must be separated by whitespace.
                  If whitespace is part of a filename, it has to
                  be enclosed by double quotes. Double quotes or
                  backslashes within the filename have to be
                  preceded by a backslash
  
   -u           while extracting: remove existing files with the
                  same name as found in the archive. Otherwise
                  no existing files are overwritten
  
   -V <file>    write a report containing statistics at the end of
                  a backup to the <file>

   -v           verbose mode: print the filenames while creating
                  or extracting, be a little more verbose while
                  listing contents
  
   -z <z> <uz>  use <z> as the command, that is used to compress
                  files, <uz> for the corresponding uncompress.
                  The command has to read from stdin and to write
                  to stdout. If arguments have to be supplied to
                  <z> and/or <uz>, don't forget to use quotes
  
   -Z           while printing out the contents: check those files
                  in the archive that are compressed for integrity
  
  
   -?           to printout this text

  The -w option reports one or more of the following states,
  seperated by the plus character + :

    READY     the device is not in use by any program and the
              server side is ready to service requests

    BUSY      the device is in use and actually operated by the
              afbackup service

    DEVINUSE  the streamer device is in use by some program, that
              is not part of the afbackup service

    UNAVAIL   the streamer device is not accessible or in some
              other way occupied

    UNLOADED  the device is not busy, but there is no tape loaded

    CHANGEABLE when reported together with UNLOADED, a tape can be
              loaded quickly e.g. using the afclient command with
              option -C <cartno>. It is not considered quickly,
              if a human operator must put the cartridge into the
              drive, so in this case only UNLOADED is reported.
              When reported with READY, the tape can be changed
              quickly (same understanding as before).


 $BASEDIR/client/bin/print_errors

  A utility to extract error messages from the actual filename
  logging file besides those appearing in the configured logfile
  of the client side. Usage:

       print_errors [ -c <configuration-file> ] [ -<past-backup-no> ] \
                    [ -I <indexfile-part> ] [ -V <var-directory> ] \
                    [ -N <num-indexes-to-store> ] \
                    [ -z <compress-cmd> <uncompress-cmd> ]

  If no option of the type -<past-backup-no> is supplied (e.g. -2 ),
  the most recently made backup is accessed. If an option like this
  is given, the backup system tries to extract the errors from the
  backup before ( -1 ) or even an earlier one. This requires, that
  enough file- and directory-name-logging is provided. This can be
  done with the client-side configuration parameter NumIndexesToStore 
  (See: CONFIG). A different configuration file can be supplied with
  the -c option.

  Options in alphabetical order:

    -c            Use the given file for configuration information

    -I <idx-prefix> The first part of the filename, the names of the
                    stored files and directories can be found. The
                    current total backup number is appended (that
                    increments each start of a full backup). If these
                    files undergo compression, .z is appended

   -N <num-idxes>  The number of filename list files, that is stored
                     over time. A new list is begun at each start of
                     a full backup (except -a is supplied)

   -V <var-dir>    The directory, where varying files are put

   -z <z> <uz>     The commands to use for compress and uncompress. If
                     a command comprises of several words, it must be
                     put in quotes