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|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="EUC-KR"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="ko" xml:lang="ko"><head><!--
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
-->
<title>α - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" />
<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
</script>
<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/"></a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">þ</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html"></a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Ʈ</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>α</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span> : </span><a href="./en/logs.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="./fr/logs.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
<a href="./ja/logs.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
<a href="./ko/logs.html" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="./tr/logs.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
</div>
<div class="outofdate"> ֽ ƴմϴ.
ֱٿ ϼ.</div>
<p>ȿ Ϸ ϴ Բ
Ȱ ɿ ˾ƾ Ѵ. ġ ſ ̰
α Ѵ. α ϴ
α Ѵ.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security"> </a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errorlog"> α (Error Log)</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#accesslog"> α (Access Log)</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rotation">α ȯ (Log Rotation)</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#piped">α </a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">ȣƮ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#other">ٸ α</a></li>
</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="security" id="security"> </a></h2>
<p> ġ α ִ 丮
ִٸ ( root) ϴ uid Ȯ
ִ. ̸ ʰ αװ 丮
<em></em>. ڼ <a href="misc/security_tips.html"> </a> ϶.</p>
<p>, Ŭ̾Ʈ αϿ ״
ϵȴ. ǰ ִ Ŭ̾Ʈ αϿ ڸ
Ƿ, α ٷ궧 ؾ Ѵ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="errorlog" id="errorlog"> α (Error Log)</a></h2>
<table class="related"><tr><th>õ </th><th>õ þ</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> þ
߿ α α ̸ ġ Ѵ.
ġ Ͽ û óϴ
Ѵ. ϰų ϴµ
ִٸ ߸Ǿ ġ ˷ִ
̰ Ѵ.</p>
<p> α״ ( н ýۿ
<code>error_log</code>, OS/2
<code>error.log</code>) Ͽ ϵȴ. н ýۿ
<code>syslog</code> <a href="#piped">
Ͽ ٸ α</a> ִ.</p>
<p> α Ӱ ڼϴ.
κ α ִ.
, .</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
[Wed Oct 11 14:32:52 2000] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]
client denied by server configuration:
/export/home/live/ap/htdocs/test
</code></p></div>
<p>α ù° ¥ ð̴. ι°
ϴ ɰ Ÿ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> þ α
ϵǴ ɰ ִ. °
Ŭ̾Ʈ IP ̴ּ.
, Ŭ̾Ʈ źϵ
Ǿٰ ִ. û ( ΰ ƴ)
Ͻý ε δ.</p>
<p> α ſ پ ִ.
κ ϴ. CGI ũƮ µ
α ϵȴ. CGI ũƮ <code>stderr</code>
״ α ȴ.</p>
<p> α ߰ϰ .
û α <a href="#accesslog">
α</a> ϴ . ,
ڵ尡 403 α . α״
Ƿ Ͽ Ȳ
߰ ִ.</p>
<p>˻Ҷ α 캸
. н ýۿ Ѵ:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
tail -f error_log
</code></p></div>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="accesslog" id="accesslog"> α (Access Log)</a></h2>
<table class="related"><tr><th>õ </th><th>õ þ</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p> α״ óϴ û Ѵ.
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
þ α ġ Ѵ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> þ
Ͽ α ִ.
α ϴ Ѵ.</p>
<p> α ϴ α
̴. ܰ мϿ 踦
̴. Ϲ α м ؼ ٷ ,
α м ƴϴ. α м
α мϴ Ʈ ؼ <a href="http://dmoz.org/Computers/Software/Internet/Site_Management/Log_analysis/">Open Directory</a>
<a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Software/Internet/World_Wide_Web/Servers/Log_Analysis_Tools/">Yahoo</a>
϶.</p>
<p>ġ mod_log_referer, mod_log_agent,
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
þ Ͽ α ٷ.
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
þ þ ̾Ҵ.</p>
<p> α ſ ϴ. C
printf(1) Ĺڿ ſ Ĺڿ Ͽ
Ѵ. . Ĺڿ 밡
˷ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <a href="mod/mod_log_config.html#formats">Ĺڿ</a>
϶.</p>
<h3><a name="common" id="common">Common α </a></h3>
<p> α .</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common<br />
CustomLog logs/access_log common
</code></p></div>
<p> α Ĺڿ <em></em>
<code>common</code> Ѵ. Ĺڿ ۼƮ
þ Ǹ, ˸.
Ĺڿ Ϲ ڸ ״ α µȴ.
ǥ (<code>"</code>) ϰ ʹٸ 齽
տ ٿ Ĺڿ ƴ ǥѴ. Ĺڿ
ٹٲ "<code>\n</code>", "<code>\t</code>"
Ư ڸ ִ.</p>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
þ <em></em> ϴ ο α
. α ϸ
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> ̴.</p>
<p> α(Common Log Format, CLF)̶
α Ѵ. ٸ 鵵 ̷
ǥ α , α м α
ִ. CLF α :</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
127.0.0.1 - frank [10/Oct/2000:13:55:36 -0700] "GET
/apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.0" 200 2326
</code></p></div>
<p> α κ Ѵ.</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>127.0.0.1</code> (<code>%h</code>)</dt>
<dd> û Ŭ̾Ʈ( ȣƮ) IP
̴ּ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostnameLookups</a></code>
<code>On</code>̶ ȣƮ ãƼ IP ּ ڸ
. ſ
Ƿ õ ʴ´. ȣƮ ˷ ߿
<a href="programs/logresolve.html">logresolve</a>
α óϴ α ϴ .
IP ּҴ ڰ ϴ ǻ ּҰ
ƴ ִ. Ͻ ڿ ̿ Ѵٸ,
ǻ ּҰ ƴ϶ Ͻ ּҰ ϵ ̴.</dd>
<dt><code>-</code> (<code>%l</code>)</dt>
<dd>¿ "ȣ" û Ÿ.
Ŭ̾Ʈ ǻ
<code>identd</code> Ŭ̾Ʈ RFC 1413
ſ̴. ſ ,
Ǵ Ʈ ƴ϶ ϸ
ȵȴ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a></code>
<code>On</code> ƴ϶ ġ
˾ƺ õ ʴ´.</dd>
<dt><code>frank</code> (<code>%u</code>)</dt>
<dd>̴ HTTP ˾Ƴ û
userid̴. CGI ũƮ
<code>REMOTE_USER</code> ȯ溯 Ѱ. û
ڵ尡 401̶ (Ʒ ) ڰ
ġ ʾǷ ȵȴ. ȣ
ȣ ʴ´ٸ
"<code>-</code>"̴.</dd>
<dt><code>[10/Oct/2000:13:55:36 -0700]</code>
(<code>%t</code>)</dt>
<dd>
ûó ģ ð.
:
<p class="indent">
<code>[day/month/year:hour:minute:second zone]<br />
day = 2<br />
month = 3<br />
year = 4<br />
hour = 2<br />
minute = 2<br />
second = 2<br />
zone = (`+' | `-') 4</code>
</p>
α Ĺڿ <code>%{format}t</code> Ͽ
ٸ ð ִ. <code>format</code>
C ǥ ̺귯 <code>strftime(3)</code> .
</dd>
<dt><code>"GET /apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.0"</code>
(<code>\"%r\"</code>)</dt>
<dd>Ŭ̾Ʈ û ֵǥ ִ. û
ſ ִ. ù°, Ŭ̾Ʈ
<code>GET</code>̴. °, Ŭ̾Ʈ ڿ
<code>/apache_pb.gif</code> ûѴ. °, Ŭ̾Ʈ
<code>HTTP/1.0</code> Ѵ. û
κ α ִ. , Ĺڿ
"<code>%m %U%q %H</code>" "<code>%r</code>" Ȱ
, , ǹڿ, αѴ.</dd>
<dt><code>200</code> (<code>%>s</code>)</dt>
<dd>̴ Ŭ̾Ʈ ڵ̴.
(2 ϴ ڵ) û Ͽ, (4
ϴ ڵ) Ŭ̾Ʈ ִ, (5 ϴ
ڵ) ִ ˷ֹǷ ſ ߿ϴ.
ڵ ü <a href="http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616.txt">HTTP
Ծ</a> (RFC2616 section 10) ã ִ.</dd>
<dt><code>2326</code> (<code>%b</code>)</dt>
<dd> ϰ Ŭ̾Ʈ
ũ⸦ Ÿ. Ŭ̾Ʈ
ٸ "<code>-</code>"̴.
"<code>0</code>" αϷ
<code>%B</code> Ѵ.</dd>
</dl>
<h3><a name="combined" id="combined">Combined α </a></h3>
<p> Ǵ ٸ Ĺڿ յȷα(Combined
Log Format)̴. Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\"
\"%{User-agent}i\"" combined<br />
CustomLog log/access_log combined
</code></p></div>
<p> ߰ ϰ Common
α İ . ߰ ۼƮ þ
<code>%{<em>header</em>}i</code> Ѵ. ⼭
<em>header</em> ڸ HTTP û ̸
ִ. α״ :</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
127.0.0.1 - frank [10/Oct/2000:13:55:36 -0700] "GET
/apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.0" 200 2326
"http://www.example.com/start.html" "Mozilla/4.08 [en]
(Win98; I ;Nav)"
</code></p></div>
<p>߰ :</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>"http://www.example.com/start.html"</code>
(<code>\"%{Referer}i\"</code>)</dt>
<dd>"Referer" ( Ʋʾ) HTTP û .
Ŭ̾Ʈ ߴٰ ˸ Ʈ̴.
(, <code>/apache_pb.gif</code> ũϿų
Ʈ̴.)</dd>
<dt><code>"Mozilla/4.08 [en] (Win98; I ;Nav)"</code>
(<code>\"%{User-agent}i\"</code>)</dt>
<dd>User-Agent HTTP û . Ŭ̾Ʈ
ڽſ ˸ ĺ̴.</dd>
</dl>
<h3><a name="multiple" id="multiple"> α</a></h3>
<p>Ͽ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> þ
ϸ αװ . ,
α . ù° ⺻ CLF
ϰ, ι° ° referer
Ѵ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
<code>ReferLog</code> <code>AgentLog</code> þ
䳻 ִ ش.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common<br />
CustomLog logs/access_log common<br />
CustomLog logs/referer_log "%{Referer}i -> %U"<br />
CustomLog logs/agent_log "%{User-agent}i"
</code></p></div>
<p>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> ݵ
ʿ ش. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> þ
α ִ.</p>
<h3><a name="conditional" id="conditional">Ǻ α</a></h3>
<p>Ŭ̾Ʈ û ݿ ش α
ʰ ִ. <a href="env.html">ȯ溯</a>
ϸ ذȴ. , Ŭ̾Ʈ Ư
ϸ ȯ溯 Ѵ. ۾ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_setenvif.html#setenvif">SetEnvIf</a></code> Ѵ.
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
þ <code>env=</code> Ͽ ȯ溯
û ְų . :</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
# loop-back ̽ û ǥѴ<br />
SetEnvIf Remote_Addr "127\.0\.0\.1" dontlog<br />
# robots.txt Ͽ û ǥѴ<br />
SetEnvIf Request_URI "^/robots\.txt$" dontlog<br />
# α <br />
CustomLog logs/access_log common env=!dontlog
</code></p></div>
<p>ٸ û αϿ ϰ,
û ٸ αϿ ϴ 츦
غ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
SetEnvIf Accept-Language "en" english<br />
CustomLog logs/english_log common env=english<br />
CustomLog logs/non_english_log common env=!english
</code></p></div>
<p>Ǻ α״ ſ ϰ , ̰ α
ϴ ƴϴ. α
ൿ Ҷ ϴ. ߿ ʴ û
ϰ α мϴ .</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="rotation" id="rotation">α ȯ (Log Rotation)</a></h2>
<p> ٻ αϿ Ǵ ſ
. α״ û 1MB ̻ Ѵ.
α űų α ֱ
Ȱ ʿ䰡 ִ. ġ ִ ȿ
αϿ ϶ α ȯ
. α űų <a href="stopping.html"></a>Ͽ, α
Ѵ.</p>
<p><em></em> ϸ Ŭ̾Ʈ
Ȥ ʰ α ִ.
̸ û
α ؾ Ѵ. Ƿ
α óϱ ٸ ʿ䰡 ִ. Ϲ
α ȯϰ, ũ ϱ
α Ѵ:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
mv access_log access_log.old<br />
mv error_log error_log.old<br />
apachectl graceful<br />
sleep 600<br />
gzip access_log.old error_log.old
</code></p></div>
<p>α ȯϴ ٸ <a href="#piped"> α</a> ϴ ̴.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="piped" id="piped">α </a></h2>
<p>ġ α α Ͽ
ʰ ٸ μ ִ.
ϸ ڵ带 ߰ʰ ſ ϰ
α ó ִ. α ϸ
ڸ "<code>|</code>" ڿ ǥԷ
α ϸ ȴ. ġ
Ҷ α μ ϰ,
Ǵ μ ٽ Ѵ. (
ɶ 츮 " ִ α"
θ.)</p>
<p> α μ θ ġ httpd μ
, μ userid . , α
α root ȴ. Ƿ α ϰ
ϰ ſ ߿ϴ.</p>
<p> θ ü ɾ ǥ ϶.
α , α .</p>
<p> ʰ α ȯ ִ
α ϴ ߿ . ġ ̸
<a href="programs/rotatelogs.html">rotatelogs</a>
α Ѵ. 24ð α ȯѴٸ:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache/bin/rotatelogs
/var/log/access_log 86400" common
</code></p></div>
<p>ٸ Ʈ <a href="http://www.cronolog.org/">cronolog</a>
ξ α ȯ α ִ.</p>
<p>Ǻ α α״ ſ ,
߿ óϴ ؼ
ȵȴ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="virtualhost" id="virtualhost">ȣƮ</a></h2>
<p> <a href="vhosts/">ȣƮ</a> ִ
Ҷ α ٷ ִ. ,
ȣƮ Ѱ α ִ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
ƴ ּ α þ θ û
α α ϵȴ. ȣƮ
ó .</p>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>
ȿ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code>
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> þ
ϸ ش ȣƮ û
Ͽ ϵȴ. α þ ٸ ȣƮ
ּ α α Ѵ. ȣƮ
ſ , ȣƮ ٸ ϱ
. , <a href="vhosts/fd-limits.html">ϱڰ
</a> Ѵ.</p>
<p> α ſ ذå ִ. α Ĺڿ
ȣƮ ߰ϸ ȣƮ α
ϰ, ߿ α ȣƮ ִ.
, þ .</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
LogFormat "%v %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b"
comonvhost<br />
CustomLog logs/access_log comonvhost
</code></p></div>
<p><code>%v</code> û ϴ ȣƮ ̸
Ѵ. ߿ <a href="programs/other.html">split-logfile</a>
α α ȣ ִ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="other" id="other">ٸ α</a></h2>
<table class="related"><tr><th>õ </th><th>õ þ</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritelog">RewriteLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteloglevel">RewriteLogLevel</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlogbuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptloglength">ScriptLogLength</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<h3><a name="pidfile" id="pidfile">PID </a></h3>
<p>ġ Ҷ <code>logs/httpd.pid</code>
Ͽ θ httpd μ process id Ѵ.
ϸ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code>
þ ִ. process-id ڰ θ μ
ñ׳ ϰų ϶ Ѵ.
-k ɼ Ѵ. ڼ
<a href="stopping.html">ߴܰ </a>
϶.</p>
<h3><a name="scriptlog" id="scriptlog">ũƮ α</a></h3>
<p> <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></code> þ Ͽ
CGI ũƮ Է° ִ. þ
Ʈθ ؾ Ѵ. ϴ
ϸ ȵȴ. ڼ <a href="mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a> ϶.</p>
<h3><a name="rewritelog" id="rewritelog">ۼ α</a></h3>
<p><a href="mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a> ϰ
Ѵٸ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritelog">RewriteLog</a></code> ʿ䰡
ִ. α ۼ û ȯϴ
ڼ ˷ش. ڼ <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteloglevel">RewriteLogLevel</a></code> þ
Ѵ.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
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<a href="./ko/logs.html" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="./tr/logs.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
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