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// Copyright (c) Contributors to the Apptainer project, established as
// Apptainer a Series of LF Projects LLC.
// For website terms of use, trademark policy, privacy policy and other
// project policies see https://lfprojects.org/policies
// Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Sylabs Inc. All rights reserved.
// This software is licensed under a 3-clause BSD license. Please consult the
// LICENSE.md file distributed with the sources of this project regarding your
// rights to use or distribute this software.
package security
import (
"fmt"
"os"
"os/exec"
"testing"
"github.com/apptainer/apptainer/e2e/internal/e2e"
"github.com/apptainer/apptainer/e2e/internal/testhelper"
"github.com/apptainer/apptainer/internal/pkg/buildcfg"
"github.com/apptainer/apptainer/internal/pkg/test/tool/require"
"github.com/apptainer/apptainer/pkg/util/capabilities"
)
type ctx struct {
env e2e.TestEnv
}
// testSecurityUnpriv tests the security flag functionality for apptainer exec without elevated privileges
func (c ctx) testSecurityUnpriv(t *testing.T) {
tests := []struct {
name string
image string
argv []string
opts []string
preFn func(*testing.T)
userNs bool
expectOp e2e.ApptainerCmdResultOp
expectExit int
}{
// target UID/GID
{
name: "Set_uid",
argv: []string{"id", "-u"},
opts: []string{"--security", "uid:99"},
expectExit: 255,
},
{
name: "Set_gid",
argv: []string{"id", "-g"},
opts: []string{"--security", "gid:99"},
expectExit: 255,
},
{
name: "Set_uid",
argv: []string{"id", "-u"},
opts: []string{"--security", "uid:99"},
userNs: true,
expectExit: 0,
},
{
name: "Set_gid",
argv: []string{"id", "-g"},
opts: []string{"--security", "gid:99"},
userNs: true,
expectExit: 0,
},
// seccomp from json file
{
name: "SecComp_BlackList",
argv: []string{"mkdir", "/tmp/foo"},
opts: []string{"--security", "seccomp:./security/testdata/seccomp-profile.json"},
preFn: require.Seccomp,
expectExit: 159, // process should be killed with SIGSYS (128+31)
},
{
name: "SecComp_true",
argv: []string{"true"},
opts: []string{"--security", "seccomp:./security/testdata/seccomp-profile.json"},
preFn: require.Seccomp,
expectExit: 0,
},
// capabilities
{
name: "capabilities_keep_true",
argv: []string{"grep", "^CapEff:", "/proc/self/status"},
opts: []string{"--keep-privs"},
expectExit: 255, // apptainer errors out, --keep-privs needs root
},
{
// we start without any capabilities, the
// expected set is empty.
name: "capabilities_keep-false",
argv: []string{"grep", "^CapEff:", "/proc/self/status"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.RegexMatch, `CapEff:\s+0+\n`),
},
{
// this one is tricky: we are asking to drop
// cap_net_raw, but since we start without any
// capabilities the expected set is empty.
name: "capabilities_drop",
argv: []string{"grep", "^Cap.*:", "/proc/self/status"},
opts: []string{"--drop-caps", "CAP_NET_RAW"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.RegexMatch, `CapEff:\s+0+\n`),
},
}
e2e.EnsureImage(t, c.env)
for _, tt := range tests {
optArgs := []string{}
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.opts...)
optArgs = append(optArgs, c.env.ImagePath)
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.argv...)
profile := e2e.UserProfile
if tt.userNs {
profile = e2e.UserNamespaceProfile
}
c.env.RunApptainer(
t,
e2e.AsSubtest(tt.name),
e2e.WithProfile(profile),
e2e.WithCommand("exec"),
e2e.WithArgs(optArgs...),
e2e.PreRun(tt.preFn),
e2e.ExpectExit(tt.expectExit, tt.expectOp),
)
}
}
// testSecurityPriv tests security flag functionality for apptainer exec with elevated privileges
func (c ctx) testSecurityPriv(t *testing.T) {
var caps uint64
var err error
// Get the capability set for root on this system
// e.g. "CapEff: 000001ffffffffff"
e2e.Privileged(func(_ *testing.T) {
caps, err = capabilities.GetProcessEffective()
})(t)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("Could not get CapEff: %v", err)
}
fullCap := fmt.Sprintf("CapEff:\t%0.16x", caps)
// We are going to drop CAP_NET_RAW which should result in the CapEff
// string ending dfff
dropCap := fmt.Sprintf("CapEff:\t%0.16x", caps-uint64(1<<capabilities.Map["CAP_NET_RAW"].Value))
tests := []struct {
name string
argv []string
opts []string
preFn func(*testing.T)
expectOp e2e.ApptainerCmdResultOp
expectExit int
}{
// target UID/GID
{
name: "Set_uid",
argv: []string{"id", "-u"},
opts: []string{"--security", "uid:99"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.ExactMatch, "99"),
expectExit: 0,
},
{
name: "Set_gid",
argv: []string{"id", "-g"},
opts: []string{"--security", "gid:99"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.ExactMatch, "99"),
expectExit: 0,
},
// seccomp from json file
{
name: "SecComp_BlackList",
argv: []string{"mkdir", "/tmp/foo"},
opts: []string{"--security", "seccomp:./testdata/seccomp-profile.json"},
preFn: require.Seccomp,
expectExit: 159, // process should be killed with SIGSYS (128+31)
},
{
name: "SecComp_true",
argv: []string{"true"},
opts: []string{"--security", "seccomp:./testdata/seccomp-profile.json"},
preFn: require.Seccomp,
expectExit: 0,
},
// capabilities
{
name: "capabilities_keep",
argv: []string{"grep", "^CapEff:", "/proc/self/status"},
opts: []string{"--keep-privs"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.ContainMatch, fullCap),
},
{
name: "capabilities_drop",
argv: []string{"grep", "^CapEff:", "/proc/self/status"},
opts: []string{"--drop-caps", "CAP_NET_RAW"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.ContainMatch, dropCap),
},
}
e2e.EnsureImage(t, c.env)
for _, tt := range tests {
optArgs := []string{}
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.opts...)
optArgs = append(optArgs, c.env.ImagePath)
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.argv...)
c.env.RunApptainer(
t,
e2e.AsSubtest(tt.name),
e2e.WithProfile(e2e.RootProfile),
e2e.WithCommand("exec"),
e2e.WithArgs(optArgs...),
e2e.PreRun(tt.preFn),
e2e.ExpectExit(tt.expectExit, tt.expectOp),
)
}
}
// testSecurityConfOwnership tests checks on config files ownerships
func (c ctx) testSecurityConfOwnership(t *testing.T) {
e2e.EnsureImage(t, c.env)
configFile := buildcfg.APPTAINER_CONF_FILE
c.env.RunApptainer(
t,
e2e.AsSubtest("non root config"),
e2e.WithProfile(e2e.UserProfile),
e2e.PreRun(func(t *testing.T) {
e2e.Privileged(func(t *testing.T) {
// Change file ownership (do not try this at home)
err := os.Chown(configFile, 1001, 0)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to change owner for: %s: %s", configFile, err)
}
})(t)
}),
e2e.PostRun(func(t *testing.T) {
e2e.Privileged(func(t *testing.T) {
// return file ownership to normal
err := os.Chown(configFile, 0, 0)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to change config file owner to root: %s: %s", configFile, err)
}
})(t)
}),
e2e.WithCommand("exec"),
e2e.WithArgs([]string{c.env.ImagePath, "/bin/true"}...),
e2e.ExpectExit(255),
)
}
// testApparmor tests the apparmor security flag.
func (c ctx) testApparmor(t *testing.T) {
require.Apparmor(t)
e2e.EnsureImage(t, c.env)
tests := []struct {
name string
image string
argv []string
opts []string
expectOp e2e.ApptainerCmdResultOp
expectExit int
}{
// apparmor
// Uses the profile for /usr/bin/man which will block `ls` in container root.
{
name: "apparmor applied",
argv: []string{"cat", "/proc/self/attr/current"},
opts: []string{"--security", "apparmor:/usr/bin/man"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.ExactMatch, "/usr/bin/man (enforce)"),
},
{
name: "apparmor denial",
argv: []string{"ls", "/"},
opts: []string{"--security", "apparmor:/usr/bin/man"},
expectExit: 1,
expectOp: e2e.ExpectError(e2e.ContainMatch, "Permission denied"),
},
}
for _, profile := range e2e.Profiles {
t.Run(profile.String(), func(t *testing.T) {
for _, tt := range tests {
optArgs := []string{}
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.opts...)
optArgs = append(optArgs, c.env.ImagePath)
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.argv...)
c.env.RunApptainer(
t,
e2e.AsSubtest(tt.name),
e2e.WithProfile(profile),
e2e.WithCommand("exec"),
e2e.WithArgs(optArgs...),
e2e.ExpectExit(tt.expectExit, tt.expectOp),
)
}
})
}
}
// testSELinux tests the selinux security flag.
func (c ctx) testSELinux(t *testing.T) {
require.Selinux(t)
require.Command(t, "chcon")
e2e.EnsureImage(t, c.env)
sandbox, cleanup := e2e.MakeTempDir(t, c.env.TestDir, "sandbox-", "")
defer cleanup(t)
// convert test image to sandbox
c.env.RunApptainer(
t,
e2e.WithProfile(e2e.UserProfile),
e2e.WithCommand("build"),
e2e.WithArgs("--force", "--sandbox", sandbox, c.env.ImagePath),
e2e.ExpectExit(0),
)
// label as `container_ro_t`
cmd := exec.Command("chcon", "-R", "-t", "container_ro_file_t", sandbox)
if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("while labeling sandbox: %v", err)
}
tests := []struct {
name string
image string
argv []string
opts []string
expectOp e2e.ApptainerCmdResultOp
expectExit int
}{
// selinux
// Uses the container_t label which will block `ls` in /tmp bind from host.
{
name: "selinux applied",
argv: []string{"cat", "/proc/self/attr/current"},
opts: []string{"--security", "selinux:unconfined_u:unconfined_r:container_t:s0"},
expectOp: e2e.ExpectOutput(e2e.ContainMatch, "unconfined_u:unconfined_r:container_t:s0"),
},
{
name: "selinux denial",
argv: []string{"ls", "/tmp"},
opts: []string{"--security", "selinux:unconfined_u:unconfined_r:container_t:s0"},
expectExit: 1,
expectOp: e2e.ExpectError(e2e.ContainMatch, "Permission denied"),
},
}
for _, profile := range e2e.Profiles {
t.Run(profile.String(), func(t *testing.T) {
for _, tt := range tests {
optArgs := []string{}
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.opts...)
optArgs = append(optArgs, sandbox)
optArgs = append(optArgs, tt.argv...)
c.env.RunApptainer(
t,
e2e.AsSubtest(tt.name),
e2e.WithProfile(profile),
e2e.WithCommand("exec"),
e2e.WithArgs(optArgs...),
e2e.ExpectExit(tt.expectExit, tt.expectOp),
)
}
})
}
}
// E2ETests is the main func to trigger the test suite
func E2ETests(env e2e.TestEnv) testhelper.Tests {
c := ctx{
env: env,
}
np := testhelper.NoParallel
return testhelper.Tests{
"apptainerSecurityUnpriv": c.testSecurityUnpriv,
"apptainerSecurityPriv": c.testSecurityPriv,
"testSecurityConfOwnership": np(c.testSecurityConfOwnership),
"testApparmor": c.testApparmor,
"testSELinux": c.testSELinux,
}
}
|
