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Welcome to the world of telephone switch owners. Asterisk is a quite powerful
and probably one of the feature-richest open-source PBXes out there. To get you
a brief impression where to start tweaking, we've included this doc. (Thanks to
Tzafrir Cohen for a proposal of this)
File Locations
==============
See /etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf for pathnames. All the configuration is done
from the *.conf files there.
Sounds reside at /usr/share/asterisk/sounds. Voicemail mailboxes are below
/var/spool/asterisk/voicemail using symlinks.
User, Groups, Permissions
=========================
By default the package will create user and group 'asterisk' and will run as
them. It will optionally run with real-time priority (-p). It will also add
itself to the group audio to enable the daemon to access sound cards. Running
as root is disabled in /etc/init.d/asterisk for security reasons. If you use
zaptel devices (like zaphfc too), you need to set permissions on /dev/zap to
root.dialout or whatever other group you like and add the asterisk user to that
group. Then make sure all the devicenodes below /dev/zap/ are 660 or asterisk
will not have any access still. When no -G is given to the asterisk PARAMS,
then asterisk will automatically initialize all groups of the asterisk user.
To change those values you can edit /etc/default/asterisk. You need to set
RUNASTERISK=yes to make asterisk autostart upon boot.
init.d Script Commands
======================
In addition to reload, that runs the asterisk CLI command 'reload' there
are also extensions-reload ('extensions reload') and logger-reload
('logger-reload') to load only parts of the configuration file.
Asterisk supports a number of non-default paramters at startup. For debugging
it is often useful to run 'asterisk -U asterisk -vvvgc' from the console. Add
more -v for even higher verbosity. You can attach a remote console to a running
asterisk daemon with 'asterisk -vcr'. When testing, make sure to use the "-U
asterisk", or asterisk may write files with root ownership. In that case you
might not be able to restart the daemon without altering permissions to the
files first.
Getting started with config and more features
=============================================
Of course the default config is far from a plug'n'play for every environment.
You need to setup a proper dialplan in extensions.conf, remove the demo entries
and maybe remove FreeWorldDialup too in case you don't participate there. For
more info on how to setup a proper dialplan, fax, enum and configuration of
asterisk, please checkout
http://www.voip-info.org/wiki-Asterisk+quickstart
http://www.voip-info.org/wiki-Asterisk+config+files
or the larger HowTos at:
http://www.automated.it/guidetoasterisk.htm
or
http://www.asteriskdocs.org/ (Asterisk Handbook)
Enjoy your PBX!
Kilian Krause (for the pkg-voip team)
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