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/*
* Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License").
* You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* A copy of the License is located at
*
* http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0
*
* or in the "license" file accompanying this file. This file is distributed
* on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
* express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing
* permissions and limitations under the License.
*/
#include "api/unstable/fingerprint.h"
#include "s2n_test.h"
#include "testlib/s2n_testlib.h"
#include "tls/s2n_tls.h"
#define S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE 200
#define S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION \
0x00, 0x00
/* clang-format off */
#define S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION \
/* random */ \
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, \
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, \
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, \
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, \
/* session id */ \
0x00
/* clang-format on */
/* clang-format off */
#define S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS \
/* cipher suites size */ \
0x00, 0x02, \
/* cipher suites */ \
0x00, 0x00
/* clang-format on */
#define S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS \
/* legacy compression methods */ \
0x01, 0x00
#define S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS \
0x00, 0x00
#define S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION \
0x00, 0x00
/* This macro currently assumes that the message size is only one byte (<=255). */
#define S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(name, ...) \
uint8_t _##name##_message[] = { __VA_ARGS__ }; \
EXPECT_TRUE(sizeof(_##name##_message) <= UINT8_MAX); \
uint8_t name[] = { \
TLS_CLIENT_HELLO, \
0x00, 0x00, sizeof(_##name##_message), \
__VA_ARGS__ \
}
/* clang-format off */
#define S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO_WITH_EXTENSION(name, extension) \
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(name, \
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION, \
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION, \
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS, \
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS, \
/* extensions size */ \
0x00, 0x04, \
/* extension */ \
0x00, extension, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION \
)
/* clang-format on */
enum {
S2N_JA4_A_PROTOCOL = 0,
S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_1,
S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2,
S2N_JA4_A_DEST,
S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_1,
S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_2,
S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_1,
S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2,
S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST,
S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST,
S2N_JA4_A_SIZE
} s2n_ja4_a_fields;
#define S2N_JA4_B_START (S2N_JA4_A_SIZE + 1)
#define S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START (S2N_JA4_B_START + 12 + 1)
/* This assumes a single ciphers suite / use of S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS */
#define S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START (S2N_JA4_B_START + 4 + 1)
static S2N_RESULT s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
uint8_t *client_hello_bytes, size_t client_hello_bytes_size,
size_t max_hash_size, uint8_t *hash, uint32_t *hash_size)
{
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_client_hello *client_hello = NULL, s2n_client_hello_free);
client_hello = s2n_client_hello_parse_message(client_hello_bytes, client_hello_bytes_size);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(client_hello);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_fingerprint *fingerprint = NULL, s2n_fingerprint_free);
fingerprint = s2n_fingerprint_new(S2N_FINGERPRINT_JA4);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(fingerprint);
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_set_client_hello(fingerprint, client_hello));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_get_hash(fingerprint,
max_hash_size, hash, hash_size));
return S2N_RESULT_OK;
}
static S2N_RESULT s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(
uint8_t *client_hello_bytes, size_t client_hello_bytes_size,
size_t max_output_size, uint8_t *output, uint32_t *output_size)
{
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_client_hello *client_hello = NULL, s2n_client_hello_free);
client_hello = s2n_client_hello_parse_message(client_hello_bytes, client_hello_bytes_size);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(client_hello);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_fingerprint *fingerprint = NULL, s2n_fingerprint_free);
fingerprint = s2n_fingerprint_new(S2N_FINGERPRINT_JA4);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(fingerprint);
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_set_client_hello(fingerprint, client_hello));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_get_raw(fingerprint,
max_output_size, output, output_size));
return S2N_RESULT_OK;
}
static S2N_RESULT s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_cipher_count(uint16_t cipher_count,
size_t max_hash_size, uint8_t *hash, uint32_t *hash_size)
{
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_stuffer bytes = { 0 }, s2n_stuffer_free);
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_growable_alloc(&bytes, 100));
struct s2n_stuffer_reservation message_size = { 0 };
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_uint8(&bytes, TLS_CLIENT_HELLO));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_reserve_uint24(&bytes, &message_size));
uint8_t before_ciphers[] = {
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
};
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_bytes(&bytes, before_ciphers, sizeof(before_ciphers)));
size_t ciphers_size = cipher_count * S2N_TLS_CIPHER_SUITE_LEN;
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_uint16(&bytes, ciphers_size));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_skip_write(&bytes, ciphers_size));
uint8_t after_ciphers[] = {
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS,
};
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_bytes(&bytes, after_ciphers, sizeof(after_ciphers)));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_vector_size(&message_size));
size_t bytes_size = s2n_stuffer_data_available(&bytes);
uint8_t *bytes_ptr = s2n_stuffer_raw_read(&bytes, bytes_size);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(bytes_ptr);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_client_hello *client_hello = NULL, s2n_client_hello_free);
client_hello = s2n_client_hello_parse_message(bytes_ptr, bytes_size);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(client_hello);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_fingerprint *fingerprint = NULL, s2n_fingerprint_free);
fingerprint = s2n_fingerprint_new(S2N_FINGERPRINT_JA4);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(fingerprint);
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_set_client_hello(fingerprint, client_hello));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_get_hash(fingerprint,
max_hash_size, hash, hash_size));
return S2N_RESULT_OK;
}
static S2N_RESULT s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_extension_count(uint16_t extension_count,
size_t max_hash_size, uint8_t *hash, uint32_t *hash_size)
{
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_stuffer bytes = { 0 }, s2n_stuffer_free);
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_growable_alloc(&bytes, 100));
struct s2n_stuffer_reservation message_size = { 0 };
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_uint8(&bytes, TLS_CLIENT_HELLO));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_reserve_uint24(&bytes, &message_size));
uint8_t before_ciphers[] = {
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
};
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_bytes(&bytes, before_ciphers, sizeof(before_ciphers)));
size_t extensions_size = extension_count * 4;
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_uint16(&bytes, extensions_size));
for (size_t i = 0; i < extension_count; i++) {
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_uint16(&bytes, UINT16_MAX - i));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_uint16(&bytes, 0));
}
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_stuffer_write_vector_size(&message_size));
size_t bytes_size = s2n_stuffer_data_available(&bytes);
uint8_t *bytes_ptr = s2n_stuffer_raw_read(&bytes, bytes_size);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(bytes_ptr);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_client_hello *client_hello = NULL, s2n_client_hello_free);
client_hello = s2n_client_hello_parse_message(bytes_ptr, bytes_size);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(client_hello);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_fingerprint *fingerprint = NULL, s2n_fingerprint_free);
fingerprint = s2n_fingerprint_new(S2N_FINGERPRINT_JA4);
RESULT_GUARD_PTR(fingerprint);
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_set_client_hello(fingerprint, client_hello));
RESULT_GUARD_POSIX(s2n_fingerprint_get_hash(fingerprint,
max_hash_size, hash, hash_size));
return S2N_RESULT_OK;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
BEGIN_TEST();
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(minimal_client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_client_hello *minimal_client_hello = NULL, s2n_client_hello_free);
minimal_client_hello = s2n_client_hello_parse_message(
minimal_client_hello_bytes, sizeof(minimal_client_hello_bytes));
EXPECT_NOT_NULL(minimal_client_hello);
/* Test JA4_a: prefix
*
* JA4_a is a plaintext prefix describing the ClientHello, so we can make
* specific assertions about its contents.
*/
{
/* Test protocol
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#quic-and-dtls
*= type=test
*# If the protocol is QUIC then the first character of the fingerprint
*# is “q”, if DTLS it is "d", else it is “t”.
*/
{
/* Test QUIC */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO_WITH_EXTENSION(client_hello_bytes,
TLS_EXTENSION_QUIC_TRANSPORT_PARAMETERS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_PROTOCOL);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_PROTOCOL], 'q');
};
/* Test not QUIC */
{
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
minimal_client_hello_bytes, sizeof(minimal_client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_PROTOCOL);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_PROTOCOL], 't');
};
};
/* Test destination
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#sni
*= type=test
*# If the SNI extension (0x0000) exists, then the destination of the connection
*# is a domain, or “d” in the fingerprint.
*# If the SNI does not exist, then the destination is an IP address, or “i”.
*/
{
/* Test with SNI */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO_WITH_EXTENSION(client_hello_bytes,
TLS_EXTENSION_SERVER_NAME);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_DEST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_DEST], 'd');
};
/* Test without SNI */
{
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
minimal_client_hello_bytes, sizeof(minimal_client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_DEST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_DEST], 'i');
};
};
/* Test version */
{
struct {
uint8_t bytes[2];
uint8_t version;
const char *str;
} test_cases[] = {
/**
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#tls-and-dtls-version
*= type=test
*# 0x0304 = TLS 1.3 = “13”
*# 0x0303 = TLS 1.2 = “12”
*# 0x0302 = TLS 1.1 = “11”
*# 0x0301 = TLS 1.0 = “10”
*/
{ .bytes = { 0x03, 0x04 }, .version = S2N_TLS13, .str = "13" },
{ .bytes = { 0x03, 0x03 }, .version = S2N_TLS12, .str = "12" },
{ .bytes = { 0x03, 0x02 }, .version = S2N_TLS11, .str = "11" },
{ .bytes = { 0x03, 0x01 }, .version = S2N_TLS10, .str = "10" },
/**
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#tls-and-dtls-version
*= type=test
*# 0x0300 = SSL 3.0 = “s3”
*# 0x0002 = SSL 2.0 = “s2”
*/
{ .bytes = { 0x03, 0x00 }, .version = S2N_SSLv3, .str = "s3" },
{ .bytes = { 0x00, 0x02 }, .version = S2N_SSLv2, .str = "s2" },
/* Bad values */
{ .bytes = { 0x01, 0x00 }, .version = 10, .str = "00" },
{ .bytes = { 0x00, 0x00 }, .version = 0, .str = "00" },
{ .bytes = { 0x00, 0xFF }, .version = UINT8_MAX, .str = "00" },
{ .bytes = { 0xFF, 0xFF }, .version = UINT8_MAX, .str = "00" },
};
for (size_t i = 0; i < s2n_array_len(test_cases); i++) {
/* Test record version not used.
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#tls-and-dtls-version
*= type=test
*# Handshake version (located at the top of the packet) should be ignored.
*/
if (strcmp(test_cases[i].str, "00") != 0) {
struct s2n_client_hello client_hello = *minimal_client_hello;
client_hello.legacy_version = 0;
client_hello.legacy_record_version = test_cases[i].version;
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_fingerprint *fingerprint = NULL,
s2n_fingerprint_free);
fingerprint = s2n_fingerprint_new(S2N_FINGERPRINT_JA4);
EXPECT_NOT_NULL(fingerprint);
EXPECT_SUCCESS(s2n_fingerprint_set_client_hello(fingerprint,
&client_hello));
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_SUCCESS(s2n_fingerprint_get_hash(fingerprint,
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2);
EXPECT_FALSE((output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_1] == test_cases[i].str[0])
&& (output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2] == test_cases[i].str[1]));
};
/* Test version from extension
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#tls-and-dtls-version
*= type=test
*# If extension 0x002b exists (supported_versions), then the version
*# is the highest value in the extension.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 7,
/* extensions: supported versions */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_SUPPORTED_VERSIONS, 0x00, 3,
0x02, test_cases[i].bytes[0], test_cases[i].bytes[1]);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_1], test_cases[i].str[0]);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2], test_cases[i].str[1]);
};
/* Test version from legacy field
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#tls-and-dtls-version
*= type=test
*# If the extension doesn’t exist, then the TLS version is the value
*# of the Protocol Version.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
/* protocol version */
test_cases[i].bytes[0], test_cases[i].bytes[1],
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_1], test_cases[i].str[0]);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2], test_cases[i].str[1]);
};
}
/* Test with grease values
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#tls-and-dtls-version
*= type=test
*# Remember to ignore GREASE values.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 13,
/* extensions: supported versions */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_SUPPORTED_VERSIONS, 0x00, 9,
/* supported version size */
8,
/* grease values */
0x0A, 0x0A,
0xAA, 0xAA,
0xFA, 0xFA,
/* actual value - lower than grease values */
test_cases[0].bytes[0], test_cases[0].bytes[1]);
/* assert that test case is less than grease values */
EXPECT_TRUE(test_cases[0].bytes[0] < 0x0A);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_1], test_cases[0].str[0]);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_VERSION_2], test_cases[0].str[1]);
};
};
const struct {
uint8_t size;
const char *str;
} count_test_cases[] = {
/**
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-ciphers
*= type=test
*# if there’s 6 cipher suites in the hello packet, then the
*# value should be “06”.
*/
{ .size = 6, .str = "06" },
{ .size = 12, .str = "12" },
{ .size = 50, .str = "50" },
{ .size = 99, .str = "99" },
/**
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-ciphers
*= type=test
*# If there’s > 99, which there should never be, then output “99”.
*/
{ .size = 100, .str = "99" },
{ .size = 255, .str = "99" },
};
/* Test number of cipher suites */
{
/* Test basic cipher suite list
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-ciphers
*= type=test
*# 2 character number of cipher suites, so if there’s 6 cipher suites
*# in the hello packet, then the value should be “06”.
*/
for (size_t i = 0; i < s2n_array_len(count_test_cases); i++) {
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_cipher_count(count_test_cases[i].size,
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_1], count_test_cases[i].str[0]);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_2], count_test_cases[i].str[1]);
};
/* Test with grease values
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-ciphers
*= type=test
*# Remember, ignore GREASE values. They don’t count.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
/* cipher suites size */
0x00, 8,
/* ciphers suites */
/* grease values */
0x0A, 0x0A,
0xAA, 0xAA,
0xFA, 0xFA,
/* non-grease value */
0x00, 0x00,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_1], '0');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_CIPHER_COUNT_2], '1');
};
};
/* Test number of extensions
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-extensions
*= type=test
*# Same as counting ciphers.
*/
{
/* Test basic extension list */
for (size_t i = 0; i < s2n_array_len(count_test_cases); i++) {
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_extension_count(count_test_cases[i].size,
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_1], count_test_cases[i].str[0]);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2], count_test_cases[i].str[1]);
};
/* Test with grease values
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-extensions
*= type=test
*# Ignore GREASE.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 16,
/* extensions */
/* grease values */
0x0A, 0x0A, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0xAA, 0xAA, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0xFA, 0xFA, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
/* non-grease values */
0x00, 0x00, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_1], '0');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2], '1');
};
/* Ensure SNI and ALPN are included
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#number-of-extensions
*= type=test
*# Include SNI and ALPN.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 8,
/* extensions */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_SERVER_NAME, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_1], '0');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_EXT_COUNT_2], '2');
};
};
/* Test ALPN */
{
/* Test basic ALPN
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# The first and last alphanumeric characters of the ALPN
*# (Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation) first value.
*/
{
/* 2 characters: h2
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# In the above example, the first ALPN value is h2 so the first
*# and last characters to use in the fingerprint are “h2”.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 12,
/* extension: alpn */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, 0x00, 8,
0x00, 6,
2, 'h', '2',
2, 'h', '3');
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], 'h');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], '2');
};
/* More than 2 characters: "http/1.1"
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# If the first ALPN listed was http/1.1 then the first and last
*# characters to use in the fingerprint would be “h1”.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 20,
/* extension: alpn */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, 0x00, 16,
0x00, 14,
8, 'h', 't', 't', 'p', '/', '1', '.', '1',
4, 'q', 'u', 'i', 'c');
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], 'h');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], '1');
};
};
/* Test 1-byte alpn value
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# If the first ALPN value is only a single character, then that character
*# is treated as both the first and last character.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 8,
/* extension: alpn */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, 0x00, 4,
0x00, 2,
1, 'q');
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], 'q');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], 'q');
};
/* Test non-ascii alpn values
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# If the first or last byte of the first ALPN is non-alphanumeric
*# (meaning not `0x30-0x39`, `0x41-0x5A`, or `0x61-0x7A`), then we
*# print the first and last characters of the hex representation of
*# the first ALPN instead.
*/
{
struct {
const uint8_t bytes[4];
const size_t bytes_size;
const char *str;
} test_cases[] = {
/**
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# For example:
*# * `0xAB` would be printed as "ab"
*# * `0xAB 0xCD` would be printed as "ad"
*# * `0x30 0xAB` would be printed as "3b"
*# * `0x30 0x31 0xAB 0xCD` would be printed as "3d"
*/
{ .bytes = { 0xAB }, .str = "ab", .bytes_size = 1 },
{ .bytes = { 0xAB, 0xCD }, .str = "ad", .bytes_size = 2 },
{ .bytes = { 0x30, 0xAB }, .str = "3b", .bytes_size = 2 },
{ .bytes = { 0x30, 0x31, 0xAB, 0xCD }, .str = "3d", .bytes_size = 4 },
/**
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# * `0x30 0xAB 0xCD 0x31` would be printed as "01"
*
* Why is this value "01" instead of "31"?
* Because 0x30 and 0x31 are both alphanumeric, so we use their
* ascii values ('0' and '1') rather than their hex values.
* It doesn't matter than 0xAB and 0xCD aren't alphanumeric.
*/
{ .bytes = { 0x30, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0x31 }, .str = "01", .bytes_size = 4 },
};
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 11,
/* extension: alpn */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, 0x00, 7,
0x00, 5,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
/* We allocated enough space in the above client hello for
* a 1-byte length and a 4-byte alpn */
EXPECT_EQUAL(sizeof(test_cases[0].bytes), 4);
const size_t alpn_mem_size = sizeof(test_cases[0].bytes);
const size_t offset = sizeof(client_hello_bytes) - alpn_mem_size;
uint8_t *const bytes_ptr = client_hello_bytes + offset;
uint8_t *const length_ptr = bytes_ptr - 1;
for (size_t i = 0; i < s2n_array_len(test_cases); i++) {
*length_ptr = test_cases[i].bytes_size;
EXPECT_MEMCPY_SUCCESS(bytes_ptr,
test_cases[i].bytes, sizeof(test_cases[i].bytes));
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], test_cases[i].str[0]);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], test_cases[i].str[1]);
}
};
/* Test no ALPN
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#alpn-extension-value
*= type=test
*# If there is no ALPN extension, no ALPN values, or the first ALPN
*# value is empty, then we print "00" as the value in the fingerprint.
*/
{
/* Test no ALPN extension */
{
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
minimal_client_hello_bytes, sizeof(minimal_client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], '0');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], '0');
};
/* Test no ALPN values */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 6,
/* extension: alpn */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, 0x00, 2,
0x00, 0);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], '0');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], '0');
};
/* Test empty first alpn value */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, 7,
/* extension: alpn */
0x00, TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN, 0x00, 3,
0x00, 1,
0);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_FIRST], '0');
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[S2N_JA4_A_ALPN_LAST], '0');
};
};
};
};
/* Test JA4_b: cipher suites */
{
/* clang-format off */
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
/* cipher suites size */
0x00, 30,
/* cipher suites
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# Example:
*# ```
*# 1301,1302,1303,c02b,c02f,
*/
0x13, 0x01, 0x13, 0x02, 0x13, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x2b, 0xc0, 0x2f,
/*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# c02c,c030,cca9,cca8,c013,
*/
0xc0, 0x2c, 0xc0, 0x30, 0xcc, 0xa9, 0xcc, 0xa8, 0xc0, 0x13,
/*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# c014,009c,009d,002f,0035
*# ```
*/
0xc0, 0x14, 0x00, 0x9c, 0x00, 0x9d, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x35,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS,
);
/* clang-format on */
/* Test raw list
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# The list is created using the 4 character hex values of the ciphers,
*# lower case, comma delimited, ignoring GREASE.
*/
{
/* Expected result from docs
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# 002f,0035,009c,009d,1301,1302,1303,c013,c014,c02b,c02c,c02f,c030,cca8,cca9
*/
const char expected[] =
"002f,0035,009c,009d,1301,1302,1303,c013,c014,c02b,c02c,c02f,c030,cca8,cca9";
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_B_START);
uint8_t *output_b = &output[S2N_JA4_B_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_B_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_b, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Test hashed list
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# A 12 character truncated sha256 hash of the list of ciphers sorted
*# in hex order, first 12 characters.
*/
{
/* Expected result from docs
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# = 8daaf6152771
*/
const char expected[] = "8daaf6152771";
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_B_START);
uint8_t *output_b = &output[S2N_JA4_B_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_B_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_b, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Test empty list
*
* s2n-tls treats an empty cipher suite list as a parsing error, since
* the RFC requires it to contain at least one cipher suite. The definition
* of the field is:
* CipherSuite cipher_suites<2..2^16-2>;
* Meaning that the list must contain at least two bytes, which means
* at least one CipherSuite.
*
* However, s2n-tls could later decide to error on empty cipher suite lists
* when processing the ClientHello instead of when parsing it, so we
* should still test this case by manipulating the parsed ClientHello
* before fingerprinting it.
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# If there are no ciphers in the sorted cipher list, then the value of
*# JA4_b is set to `000000000000`
*/
{
const char expected[] = "000000000000";
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_client_hello *client_hello = NULL, s2n_client_hello_free);
client_hello = s2n_client_hello_parse_message(client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes));
EXPECT_NOT_NULL(client_hello);
/* Override the size of the parsed cipher_suites to imitate having
* read an empty list.
*/
client_hello->cipher_suites.size = 0;
DEFER_CLEANUP(struct s2n_fingerprint *fingerprint = NULL, s2n_fingerprint_free);
fingerprint = s2n_fingerprint_new(S2N_FINGERPRINT_JA4);
EXPECT_NOT_NULL(fingerprint);
EXPECT_SUCCESS(s2n_fingerprint_set_client_hello(fingerprint, client_hello));
EXPECT_SUCCESS(s2n_fingerprint_get_hash(fingerprint,
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_B_START);
uint8_t *output_b = &output[S2N_JA4_B_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_B_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_b, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Test sorting
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#cipher-hash
*= type=test
*# list of ciphers sorted in hex order
*/
{
const char expected[] =
"0001,0002,0003,"
"000a,000b,000c,"
"0100,0200,0300,"
"0a00,0b00,0c00";
/* Already sorted */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
/* cipher suites size */
0x00, 24,
/* cipher suites in sorted order */
0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x03,
0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00,
0x00, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x00, 0x0c,
0x0a, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x00,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(bytes, sizeof(bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_B_START);
uint8_t *output_b = &output[S2N_JA4_B_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_B_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_b, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Reversed */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
/* cipher suites size */
0x00, 24,
/* cipher suites in reversed order */
0x0c, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x00, 0x0a, 0x00,
0x00, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x00, 0x0a,
0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(bytes, sizeof(bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_B_START);
uint8_t *output_b = &output[S2N_JA4_B_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_B_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_b, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Randomized */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
/* cipher suites size */
0x00, 24,
/* cipher suites in randomized order */
0x0a, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x00, 0x03,
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x00,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x00,
0x00, 0x0c, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(bytes, sizeof(bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_B_START);
uint8_t *output_b = &output[S2N_JA4_B_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_B_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_b, expected, strlen(expected));
};
};
};
/* Test JA4_c: extensions and signature algorithms */
{
/* clang-format off */
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size
* There are 16 extensions (2 byte type + 2 bytes size),
* and the signature algorithms contribute the remaining bytes. */
0x00, (16 * 4) + (9 * 2),
/* extensions
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# For example:
*# ```
*# 001b,0000,0033,0010,4469,0017,002d,000d,
*/
0x00, 0x1b, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x00, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x33, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x10, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x44, 0x69, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x17, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x2d, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x0d, 0x00, 9 * 2,
/* signature algorithms size */
0x00, 8 * 2,
/* signature algorithms
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# For example the signature algorithms:
*# ```
*# 0403,0804,0401,0503,0805,0501,0806,0601
*# ```
*/
0x04, 0x03, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x01, 0x05, 0x03,
0x08, 0x05, 0x05, 0x01, 0x08, 0x06, 0x06, 0x01,
/* more extensions
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# 0005,0023,0012,002b,ff01,000b,000a,0015
*# ```
*/
0x00, 0x05, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x23, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x12, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x2b, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0xff, 0x01, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x0b, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x0a, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
0x00, 0x15, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
);
/* clang-format on */
/* Expected raw extensions string from docs
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# 0005,000a,000b,000d,0012,0015,0017,001b,0023,002b,002d,0033,4469,ff01
*/
const char expected_raw_extensions[] =
"0005,000a,000b,000d,0012,0015,0017,001b,0023,002b,002d,0033,4469,ff01";
/* Test that SNI and ALPN are ignored
*
* Instead of actually testing this, we just test that the known value
* will test that SNI and ALPN are ignored.
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# Ignore the SNI extension (0000) and the ALPN extension (0010)
*# as we’ve already captured them in the _a_ section of the fingerprint.
*/
{
const char sni_str[] = "0000";
const char alpn_str[] = "0010";
/* Known value from docs, in string form
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# For example:
*# ```
*# 001b,0000,0033,0010,4469,0017,002d,000d,0005,0023,0012,002b,ff01,000b,000a,0015
*# ```
*/
const char extensions[] =
"001b,0000,0033,0010,4469,0017,002d,000d,0005,0023,0012,002b,ff01,000b,000a,0015";
EXPECT_NOT_NULL(strstr(extensions, sni_str));
EXPECT_NOT_NULL(strstr(extensions, alpn_str));
/* Expected result from docs
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# 0005,000a,000b,000d,0012,0015,0017,001b,0023,002b,002d,0033,4469,ff01
*/
EXPECT_NULL(strstr(expected_raw_extensions, sni_str));
EXPECT_NULL(strstr(expected_raw_extensions, alpn_str));
};
/* Test raw extension list
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# The extension list is created using the 4 character hex values of the extensions,
*# lower case, comma delimited, sorted (not in the order they appear).
*/
{
const char *expected = expected_raw_extensions;
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START);
uint8_t *output_c = &output[S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_c, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Test raw signature algorithms list
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# The signature algorithm hex values are then added to the end of the
*# list in the order that they appear (not sorted) with an underscore
*# delimiting the two lists.
*/
{
/* Expected result from docs
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# Are added to the end of the previous string to create:
*# ```
*# 0005,000a,000b,000d,0012,0015,0017,001b,0023,002b,002d,0033,4469,ff01_0403,0804,0401,0503,0805,0501,0806,0601
*# ```
*/
const char expected[] =
"0005,000a,000b,000d,0012,0015,0017,001b,0023,002b,002d,"
"0033,4469,ff01_0403,0804,0401,0503,0805,0501,0806,0601";
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START);
uint8_t *output_c = &output[S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_C_RAW_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_c, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Test hashed lists
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# A 12 character truncated sha256 hash of the list of extensions,
*# sorted by hex value, followed by the list of signature algorithms,
*# in the order that they appear (not sorted).
*/
{
/* Expected result from docs
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# Hashed to:
*# ```
*# e5627efa2ab19723084c1033a96c694a45826ab5a460d2d3fd5ffcfe97161c95
*# ```
*# Truncated to first 12 characters:
*# ```
*# e5627efa2ab1
*# ```
*/
const char expected[] = "e5627efa2ab1";
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START);
uint8_t *output_c = &output[S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_c, expected, strlen(expected));
};
/* Test with no signature schemes
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# If there are no signature algorithms in the hello packet,
*# then the string ends without an underscore and is hashed.
*/
{
/* Extensions exist -- does NOT end in an underscore */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* Add some extensions so that part c isn't completely empty */
0x00, 4,
0x00, 0x01, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(bytes, sizeof(bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
/* Last character is not an underscore */
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > 1);
EXPECT_NOT_EQUAL(output[output_size - 1], '_');
};
/* No extensions -- does end in an underscore */
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSIONS);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(bytes, sizeof(bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
/* Does end in an underscore */
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > 1);
EXPECT_EQUAL(output[output_size - 1], '_');
/* We only expect the underscores between parts a, b, and c (a_b_c).
* The final underscore should be due to part c being missing
* completely, not due to missing signature algorithms.
*/
size_t underscore_count = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < output_size; i++) {
if (output[i] == '_') {
underscore_count++;
}
}
EXPECT_EQUAL(underscore_count, 2);
};
};
/* Test empty extension list
*
*= https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/df3c067/technical_details/JA4.md#extension-hash
*= type=test
*# If there are no extensions in the sorted extensions list, then the
*# value of JA4_c is set to `000000000000`
*/
{
const char expected[] = "000000000000";
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
minimal_client_hello_bytes, sizeof(minimal_client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size > S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START);
uint8_t *output_c = &output[S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START];
EXPECT_TRUE(output_size >= S2N_JA4_C_HASH_START + strlen(expected));
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(output_c, expected, strlen(expected));
};
};
/* Test with malformed extensions
*
* Make each extension used by the JA4 algorithm 0-length to test error handling.
*/
{
S2N_INIT_CLIENT_HELLO(client_hello_bytes,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_VERSION,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_CIPHERS,
S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_AFTER_CIPHERS,
/* extensions size */
0x00, (3 * 4),
/* extensions */
/* signature_algorithms */
0x00, 13, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
/* application_layer_protocol_negotiation */
0x00, 16, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION,
/* supported_versions */
0x00, 43, S2N_TEST_CLIENT_HELLO_EMPTY_EXTENSION);
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_raw_from_bytes(client_hello_bytes, sizeof(client_hello_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
}
/* Known value tests */
{
/* Known value from Wireshark parsing
* https://github.com/FoxIO-LLC/ja4/blob/259739593049478dc68c84a436eca75b9f404e6e/pcap/tls12.pcap
*/
{
uint8_t packet_bytes[] = {
0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0xfc, 0x03, 0x03, 0xec, 0xb2,
0x69, 0x1a, 0xdd, 0xb2, 0xbf, 0x6c, 0x59, 0x9c,
0x7a, 0xaa, 0xe2, 0x3d, 0xe5, 0xf4, 0x25, 0x61,
0xcc, 0x04, 0xeb, 0x41, 0x02, 0x9a, 0xcc, 0x6f,
0xc0, 0x50, 0xa1, 0x6a, 0xc1, 0xd2, 0x20, 0x46,
0xf8, 0x61, 0x7b, 0x58, 0x0a, 0xc9, 0x35, 0x8e,
0x2a, 0xa4, 0x4e, 0x30, 0x6d, 0x52, 0x46, 0x6b,
0xcc, 0x98, 0x9c, 0x87, 0xc8, 0xca, 0x64, 0x30,
0x9f, 0x5f, 0xaf, 0x50, 0xba, 0x7b, 0x4d, 0x00,
0x22, 0x13, 0x01, 0x13, 0x03, 0x13, 0x02, 0xc0,
0x2b, 0xc0, 0x2f, 0xcc, 0xa9, 0xcc, 0xa8, 0xc0,
0x2c, 0xc0, 0x30, 0xc0, 0x0a, 0xc0, 0x09, 0xc0,
0x13, 0xc0, 0x14, 0x00, 0x9c, 0x00, 0x9d, 0x00,
0x2f, 0x00, 0x35, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x91, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x21, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c,
0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x2e,
0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x69, 0x63, 0x65, 0x73,
0x2e, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x7a, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x61,
0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x00, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0a, 0x00,
0x0e, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x1d, 0x00, 0x17, 0x00,
0x18, 0x00, 0x19, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00,
0x0b, 0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x23, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x02,
0x68, 0x32, 0x08, 0x68, 0x74, 0x74, 0x70, 0x2f,
0x31, 0x2e, 0x31, 0x00, 0x05, 0x00, 0x05, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x22, 0x00, 0x0a,
0x00, 0x08, 0x04, 0x03, 0x05, 0x03, 0x06, 0x03,
0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x33, 0x00, 0x6b, 0x00, 0x69,
0x00, 0x1d, 0x00, 0x20, 0x89, 0x09, 0x85, 0x8f,
0xbe, 0xb6, 0xed, 0x2f, 0x12, 0x48, 0xba, 0x5b,
0x9e, 0x29, 0x78, 0xbe, 0xad, 0x0e, 0x84, 0x01,
0x10, 0x19, 0x2c, 0x61, 0xda, 0xed, 0x00, 0x96,
0x79, 0x8b, 0x18, 0x44, 0x00, 0x17, 0x00, 0x41,
0x04, 0x4d, 0x18, 0x3d, 0x91, 0xf5, 0xee, 0xd3,
0x57, 0x91, 0xfa, 0x98, 0x24, 0x64, 0xe3, 0xb0,
0x21, 0x4a, 0xaa, 0x5f, 0x5d, 0x1b, 0x78, 0x61,
0x6d, 0x9b, 0x9f, 0xbe, 0xbc, 0x22, 0xd1, 0x1f,
0x53, 0x5b, 0x2f, 0x94, 0xc6, 0x86, 0x14, 0x31,
0x36, 0xaa, 0x79, 0x5e, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0x87, 0x5d,
0x6c, 0x08, 0x06, 0x4a, 0xd5, 0xb7, 0x6d, 0x44,
0xca, 0xad, 0x76, 0x6e, 0x24, 0x83, 0x01, 0x27,
0x48, 0x00, 0x2b, 0x00, 0x05, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04,
0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x0d, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00, 0x16,
0x04, 0x03, 0x05, 0x03, 0x06, 0x03, 0x08, 0x04,
0x08, 0x05, 0x08, 0x06, 0x04, 0x01, 0x05, 0x01,
0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x2d,
0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x02,
0x40, 0x01, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x7a, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};
uint8_t output[S2N_TEST_OUTPUT_SIZE] = { 0 };
uint32_t output_size = 0;
EXPECT_OK(s2n_test_ja4_hash_from_bytes(
packet_bytes, sizeof(packet_bytes),
sizeof(output), output, &output_size));
const char expected[] = "t13d1715h2_5b57614c22b0_3d5424432f57";
EXPECT_EQUAL(strlen(expected), output_size);
EXPECT_BYTEARRAY_EQUAL(expected, output, output_size);
};
};
END_TEST();
}
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