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<html>
<head>
<title>Output</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Output</h1>
<p>
There are six simulation output elements corresponding to the six kinds
of data a simulation may produce:
<ul>
<li> <code>timeSeriesFrames</code> - Record the species populations and
reactions counts at specified frames. In this way one can plot the
realizations as a function of time.
<li> <code>timeSeriesAllReactions</code> - Record every reaction event for
each trajectory.
<li> <code>histogramFrames</code> - Record histograms of species populations
at specified frames.
<li> <code>histogramAverage</code> - Record histograms of average species
populations.
<li> <code>statisticsFrames</code> - Record the mean and standard
deviation of species populations at specified frames.
<li> <code>statisticsAverage</code> - Record the time-averaged mean
and standard deviation of species populations.
</ul>
Each of the simulation output elements store the identifiers for the model
and method used to produce the output.
</p>
<p>
<b>Trajectories recorded at frames.</b><br>
In a timeSeriesFrames element one records the list of frame times, the indices
of the recorded species and the indices of the recorded reactions.
For each trajectory generated, there is a list of populations and a list
of reactions counts. The number of populations in each list is the
product of the number of frames and the number of recorded species. The
populations at a given frame are contiguous. Likewise for the recorded species.
</p>
<pre> <timeSeriesFrames model="Identifier" method="Identifier">
<frameTimes>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</frameTimes>
<recordedSpecies>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</recordedSpecies>
<recordedReactions>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</recordedReactions>
<em>For each trajectory:</em>
<populations>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</populations>
<reactionCounts>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</reactionCounts>
</timeSeriesFrames></pre>
<p>
<b>Trajectories with all reaction events.</b><br>
In a timeSeriesAllReactions element one stores the simulation initial
time and final time as attributes. These quantities can't be deduced
from a list of frame times. For each trajectory generated one records
the initial populations, a list of reaction indices, and a list of
reaction times. The initial populations are needed because there may be
a nonzero equilibration time. Each index/time pair specifies a reaction event.
</p>
<pre> <timeSeriesAllReactions model="Identifier" method="Identifier"
initialTime="Number" finalTime="Number">
<em>For each trajectory:</em>
<initialPopulations>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</initialPopulations>
<indices>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</indices>
<times>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</times>
</timeSeriesAllReactions></pre>
<p>
<b>Histograms for transient behavior.</b><br>
Below is the histogramFrames element. The histogram multiplicity and
the number of trajectories generated
are stored as attributes. The top level elements are the list of
frame times, the list of recorded species, and a histogram for each combination
of frame and recorded species.
</p>
<pre> <histogramFrames model="Identifier" method="Identifier"
multiplicity="Integer" numberOfTrajectories="Integer">
<frameTimes>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</frameTimes>
<recordedSpecies>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</recordedSpecies>
<em>One</em> <histogram><em> element for each frame and each recorded species.</em>
</histogramFrames></pre>
<p>
In addition to storing the actual histogram data, the histogram element
stores statistics on the species populations. The following statistical
fields are attributes: cardinality, sum of the weights, mean, and
summed second centered moment. The cardinality is the number of samples.
Samples from trajectory tree methods use non-uniform weights thus one needs to
store the sum of the weights as well. Next is the mean. Instead of storing
the variance or standard deviation, we store equivalent information in the
summed second centered moment
Σ(<em>x</em> - μ)<sup>2</sup>.
When merging statistics from
multiple histograms this quantity can be computed more accurately than the
variance.
</p>
<p>
For a histogram one stores the lower bound and bin width as attributes.
The number of bins can be deduced from the lists of bin values. One also
stores the frame index and recorded species index as attributes.
The histogram bin values are stored across a number of lists (the
number is the multiplicity). By computing the histogram
distance between each of the parts and the combined distribution,
one can estimate the error in the combined histogram.
</p>
<pre> <histogram cardinality="Number" sumOfWeights="Number"
mean="Number" summedSecondCenteredMoment="Number" lowerBound="Number"
width="Number" frame="Integer" species="Integer">
<em>For i in 1..multiplicty:</em>
<histogramElement>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</histogramElement >
</histogram></pre>
<p>
<b>Histograms for steady state solutions.</b><br>
The histogramAverage element is used for recording steady state solutions.
</p>
<pre> <histogramAverage model="Identifier" method="Identifier"
multiplicity="Integer" numberOfTrajectories="Integer">
<recordedSpecies>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</recordedSpecies>
<em>One</em> <histogram><em> element for each recorded species.</em>
</histogramAverage></pre>
<p>
<b>Statistics for transient behavior.</b><br>
Next we consider the statisticsFrames element.
The top level elements are the list of
frame times, the list of recorded species, and the packed list of
means and standard deviations.
</p>
<pre> <statisticsFrames model="Identifier" method="Identifier">
<frameTimes>
<em>List of numbers.</em>
</frameTimes>
<recordedSpecies>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</recordedSpecies>
<statistics>
<em>Packed list of the mean and standard deviations.</em>
</statistics>
</statisticsFrames></pre>
<p>
<b>Statistics for steady state solutions.</b><br>
The statisticsAverage element is used for recording
externally-generated steady state solutions
</p>
<pre> <statisticsAverage model="Identifier" method="Identifier">
<recordedSpecies>
<em>List of indices.</em>
</recordedSpecies>
<statistics>
<em>Packed list of the mean and standard deviations.</em>
</statistics>
</statisticsAverage></pre>
</body>
</html>
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