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// Counts captured packets.
//
// Robin Sommer <robin@icir.org>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pcap.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_arp.h>
#if defined(__OpenBSD__)
#include <netinet/if_ether.h>
#elif defined(__NetBSD__)
#include <net/if_ether.h>
#else
#include <net/ethernet.h>
#endif
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <syslog.h>
#include "config.h"
extern char Version[];
#ifdef USE_DAG
# include <dagapi.h>
// Length of ERF Header before Ethernet header.
# define DAG_ETH_ERFLEN 18
# define EXTRA_WINDOW_SIZE (4 * 1024 * 1024)
#endif
bool CheckPayload = false;
bool WritePackets = false;
bool CheckSize = false;
bool UseDag = false;
bool UseSyslog = false;
const char *Filter;
const char *Interface = 0;
const char *OutputFile = 0;
int Interval = 0;
int Payload = 0;
int SnapLen = 8192;
int NumberInts = 0;
int UseSelect = false;
unsigned int Size = 0;
int Quiet = 0;
pcap_dumper_t *Dumper;
bool GotBreak = false;
bool GotAlarm = false;
double current_time();
struct Stats {
unsigned long packets;
unsigned long bytes;
unsigned long size_mismatches;
unsigned long payload_mismatches;
unsigned long dag_drops;
unsigned long dag_all;
unsigned long proto[256];
unsigned long non_ip;
double start;
Stats() { clear(); }
void clear() {
memset(proto, 0, sizeof(proto));
packets = bytes = size_mismatches = payload_mismatches = non_ip = 0;
dag_drops = dag_all = 0;
start = current_time();
}
};
Stats Total;
Stats Current;
unsigned long HdrSize = 14; // Ethernet
pcap_t* Pcap = 0;
struct bpf_program* Bpf = 0;
int Dag = -1;
const char* fmt_log(const char* prefix, const char* fmt, va_list ap)
{
const int SIZE = 32768;
static char buffer[SIZE];
int n = 0;
n += snprintf(buffer + n, SIZE - n, "%s: ", prefix);
n += vsnprintf(buffer + n, SIZE - n, fmt, ap);
strcat(buffer + n, "\n");
return buffer;
}
void logMsg(const char* msg)
{
if ( Quiet > 0 )
return;
if (UseSyslog)
syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%s", msg);
else
fprintf(stderr, "%.6f %s\n", current_time(), msg);
}
void error(const char* fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
const char* msg = fmt_log("error", fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
fputs(msg, stdout);
exit(1);
}
double current_time()
{
struct timeval tv;
if ( gettimeofday(&tv, 0) < 0 )
error("gettimeofday failed in current_time()");
return double(tv.tv_sec) + double(tv.tv_usec) / 1e6;
}
void setFilter()
{
Bpf = new bpf_program;
if ( pcap_compile(Pcap, Bpf, (char*)Filter, 1, 0) < 0 )
error("can't compile %s: %s", Filter, pcap_geterr(Pcap));
if ( pcap_setfilter(Pcap, Bpf) < 0 )
error("can't set filter: %s", pcap_geterr(Pcap));
}
void pcapOpen()
{
static char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
Pcap = pcap_open_live((char *)Interface, SnapLen, 1, UseSelect ? 1 : 10, errbuf);
if ( ! Pcap )
error("%s", errbuf);
#ifdef HAVE_LINUX
// Copied from Bro (we generally mimic how Bro is doing non-blocking i/o.)
// We use the smallest time-out possible to return almost immediately if
// no packets are available. (We can't use set_nonblocking() as it's
// broken on FreeBSD: even when select() indicates that we can read
// something, we may get nothing if the store buffer hasn't filled up
// yet.)
if ( pcap_setnonblock(Pcap, 1, errbuf) < 0 )
error("%s", errbuf);
#endif
int dl = pcap_datalink(Pcap);
if ( dl != DLT_EN10MB )
error("unknown data link type 0x%x", dl);
if ( Filter )
setFilter();
}
bool pcapNext(const u_char **pkt, unsigned int *size)
{
struct pcap_pkthdr* hdr;
const u_char* data;
int result;
if ( UseSelect ) {
int fd = pcap_fileno(Pcap);
struct timeval timeout;
timeout.tv_sec = 0;
timeout.tv_usec = 0;
fd_set fd_read;
FD_ZERO(&fd_read);
FD_SET(fd, &fd_read);
if ( select(fd + 1, &fd_read, 0, 0, &timeout) <= 0 ) {
// Wait a bit to allow packets to arrive for next time.
// This might look a bit odd (i.e., we could use a larger timeout
// right away) but we try to mimic the way Bro operates.
struct timeval timeout;
timeout.tv_sec = 0;
timeout.tv_usec = 20;
select(0, 0, 0, 0, &timeout);
return false;
}
}
result = pcap_next_ex(Pcap, &hdr, &data);
if ( result < 0 )
error("no more input");
if ( result == 0 )
return false;
*pkt = data;
*size = hdr->caplen;
if ( WritePackets )
pcap_dump((u_char*) Dumper, hdr, data);
return true;
}
void pcapStats(unsigned int* pkts, unsigned int* drops)
{
static pcap_stat stats;
if ( pcap_stats(Pcap, &stats) < 0 )
error("can't get pcap stats");
#ifdef HAVE_LINUX
// Linux clears its counters each time.
if ( pkts )
*pkts = stats.ps_recv;
if ( drops )
*drops = stats.ps_drop;
#else
static pcap_stat *last_stats = 0;
if ( ! last_stats ) {
last_stats = new pcap_stat;
last_stats->ps_recv = 0;
last_stats->ps_drop = 0;
}
if ( pkts )
*pkts = stats.ps_recv - last_stats->ps_recv;
if ( drops )
*drops = stats.ps_drop - last_stats->ps_drop;
*last_stats = stats;
#endif
}
void pcapClose()
{
pcap_close(Pcap);
}
void dagOpen()
{
#ifdef USE_DAG
Dag = dag_open((char*)Interface);
if ( Dag < 0 )
error("can't open dag interface %s", Interface);
int dag_recordtype = dag_linktype(Dag);
if ( dag_recordtype < TYPE_MIN || dag_recordtype > TYPE_MAX )
error("dag_linktype");
if ( dag_recordtype != TYPE_ETH )
error("unsupported DAG link type 0x%x", dag_recordtype);
// long= is needed to prevent the DAG card from truncating jumbo frames.
const char* dag_configure_string = "slen=1500 varlen long=1500";
if ( dag_configure(Dag, (char*)dag_configure_string) < 0 )
error("dag_configure");
if ( dag_attach_stream(Dag, 0, 0, EXTRA_WINDOW_SIZE) < 0 )
error("dag_attach_stream");
if ( dag_start_stream(Dag, 0) < 0 )
error("dag_start_stream");
// We open a dummy pcap file to get access to pcap data structures.
Pcap = pcap_open_dead(DLT_EN10MB, 1500);
if ( ! Pcap )
error("pcap_open_dead");
if ( Filter )
setFilter();
#endif
}
bool dagNext(const u_char **pkt, unsigned int *size)
{
#ifdef USE_DAG
struct bpf_insn* fcode = 0;
if ( Filter ) {
fcode = Bpf->bf_insns;
if ( ! fcode )
error("filter code not valid when extracting DAG packet");
}
dag_record_t* r = (dag_record_t*) dag_rx_stream_next_record(Dag, 0);
if ( ! r ) {
if ( errno == EAGAIN )
// Dry.
return false;
error("dag_rx_stream_next_record: %s", strerror(errno));
}
*size = ntohs(r->rlen) - DAG_ETH_ERFLEN;
*pkt = (const u_char*) r->rec.eth.dst;
Current.dag_drops += ntohs(r->lctr);
Total.dag_drops += ntohs(r->lctr);
if ( fcode && ! bpf_filter(fcode, (u_char*) *pkt, *size, *size) )
return false;
return true;
#else
return false;
#endif
}
void dagStats(unsigned int* pkts, unsigned int* drops, const Stats& s)
{
*pkts = s.dag_all;
*drops = s.dag_drops;
}
void dagClose()
{
#ifdef USE_DAG
dag_stop_stream(Dag, 0);
dag_detach_stream(Dag, 0);
dag_close(Dag);
#endif
}
void reportStats(const Stats& s)
{
unsigned int pkts = 0, drops = 0;
const int SIZE = 32768;
static char buffer[SIZE];
int n = 0;
int i;
unsigned long proto_other = 0;
if ( UseDag )
dagStats(&pkts, &drops, s);
else
pcapStats(&pkts, &drops);
double dt = current_time() - s.start;
double pps = s.packets / dt;
double mbps = s.bytes / dt * 8 / 1000 / 1000;
n += snprintf(buffer+n, SIZE-n, "pkts=%lu kpps=%.1f kbytes=%lu mbps=%.1f nic_pkts=%u nic_drops=%u",
s.packets, pps / 1000,
s.bytes / 1024, mbps,
pkts, drops);
for ( i=0; i<256; i++ )
if ( i != IPPROTO_UDP && i != IPPROTO_TCP && i != IPPROTO_ICMP )
proto_other += s.proto[i];
n += snprintf(buffer+n, SIZE-n, " u=%lu t=%lu i=%lu o=%lu nonip=%lu",
s.proto[IPPROTO_UDP], s.proto[IPPROTO_TCP], s.proto[IPPROTO_ICMP], proto_other, s.non_ip);
if ( CheckSize )
n += snprintf(buffer+n, SIZE-n, " size_mism=%lu", s.size_mismatches);
if ( CheckPayload )
n += snprintf(buffer+n, SIZE-n, " payload_mism=%lu", s.size_mismatches);
logMsg(buffer);
Current.clear();
}
void alarmHandler(int signo)
{
GotAlarm = true;
}
void scheduleAlarm()
{
GotAlarm = false;
if ( Interval ) {
signal(SIGALRM, alarmHandler);
alarm(Interval);
}
}
void mainLoop()
{
while ( ! GotBreak ) {
if ( GotAlarm ) {
reportStats(Current);
scheduleAlarm();
if ( NumberInts == 1 ) {
if ( Quiet > 0 )
exit(Total.packets >= (unsigned)Quiet ? 0 : 1);
else
exit(0);
}
if ( NumberInts )
NumberInts--;
}
bool result;
unsigned int size;
const u_char* pkt;
const struct ip *ip;
const struct ether_header *eh;
if ( UseDag )
result = dagNext(&pkt, &size);
else
result = pcapNext(&pkt, &size);
if ( ! result )
continue;
eh = (struct ether_header*)pkt;
if ( ntohs(eh->ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_IP ) {
ip = (struct ip*)(pkt + HdrSize);
++Current.proto[ip->ip_p];
++Total.proto[ip->ip_p];
}
else {
++Current.non_ip;
++Total.non_ip;
}
size -= HdrSize;
pkt += HdrSize;
++Current.packets;
++Total.packets;
Current.bytes += size;
Total.bytes += size;
if ( CheckSize )
if ( size != Size ) {
++Current.size_mismatches;
++Total.size_mismatches;
}
if ( CheckPayload )
for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < size; i++ ) {
if ( pkt[i] != Payload ) {
++Current.payload_mismatches;
++Total.payload_mismatches;
break;
}
}
}
}
void breakHandler(int signo)
{
GotBreak = true;
}
void usage()
{
printf("capstats [Options] -i interface\n"
"\n"
" -i| --interface <interface> Listen on interface\n"
#ifdef USE_DAG
" -d| --dag Use native DAG API\n"
#endif
" -f| --filter <filter> BPF filter\n"
" -I| --interval <secs> Stats logging interval\n"
" -l| --syslog Use syslog rather than print to stderr\n"
" -n| --number <count> Stop after outputting <number> intervals\n"
" -N| --select Use select() for live pcap (for testing only)\n"
" -p| --payload <n> Verifies that packets' payloads consist entirely of bytes of the given value.\n"
" -q| --quiet <count> Suppress output, exit code indicates >= count packets received.\n"
" -S| --size <size> Verify packets to have given <size>\n"
" -s| --snaplen <size> Use pcap snaplen = <size>\n"
" -v| --version Print version and exit\n"
" -w| --write <filename> Write packets to file\n"
"\n");
exit(1);
}
static struct option long_options[] = {
#ifdef USE_DAG
{"dag", no_argument, 0, 'd'},
#endif
{"filter", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
{"interface", required_argument, 0, 'i'},
{"interval", required_argument, 0, 'I'},
{"number", required_argument, 0, 'n'},
{"select", no_argument, 0, 'N'},
{"syslog", no_argument, 0, 'l'},
{"payload", required_argument, 0, 'p'},
{"quiet", required_argument, 0, 'q'},
{"size", required_argument, 0, 'S'},
{"snaplen", required_argument, 0, 's'},
{"version", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
{"write", required_argument, 0, 's'},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
while (1) {
#ifdef USE_DAG
int c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "df:i:I:n:Npq:s:lvw:S:", long_options, 0);
#else
int c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "f:i:I:n:Npq:s:lvw:S:", long_options, 0);
#endif
if ( c == -1 )
break;
switch ( c ) {
case 'd':
UseDag = true;
break;
case 'f':
Filter = optarg;
break;
case 'i':
Interface = optarg;
break;
case 'I':
Interval = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'l':
UseSyslog = true;
break;
case 'n':
NumberInts = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'N':
UseSelect = true;
break;
case 'p':
CheckPayload = true;
Payload = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'q':
Quiet = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'S':
CheckSize = true;
Size = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 's':
SnapLen = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'w':
OutputFile = optarg;
WritePackets = true;
break;
case 'v':
fprintf(stderr, "capstats %s\n", Version);
exit(0);
break;
default:
usage();
}
}
if ( optind != argc )
usage();
if ( ! Interface )
error("no interface given");
if ( UseSyslog ) {
openlog("capstats", LOG_PID, LOG_NOTICE);
syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "starting if=%s interval=%d filter=%s", Interface, Interval, Filter);
}
if ( UseDag )
dagOpen();
else
pcapOpen();
if ( WritePackets ) {
Dumper = pcap_dump_open(Pcap, OutputFile);
if (not Dumper)
error("can't open pcap dump file: %s", pcap_geterr(Pcap));
}
signal(SIGINT, breakHandler);
signal(SIGTERM, breakHandler);
scheduleAlarm();
pcapStats(0, 0);
mainLoop();
reportStats(Current);
logMsg("\n=== Total\n");
reportStats(Total);
if ( UseDag )
dagClose();
else
pcapClose();
if ( Dumper )
pcap_dump_close(Dumper);
if ( UseSyslog )
syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "exiting...");
if ( Quiet > 0 )
return Total.packets >= (unsigned)Quiet ? 0 : 1;
return 0;
}
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