/* java.beans.EventHandler
   Copyright (C) 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GNU Classpath.

GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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02111-1307 USA.

Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is
making a combined work based on this library.  Thus, the terms and
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As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an
executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent
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terms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked
independent module, the terms and conditions of the license of that
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package java.beans;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

/**
 * class EventHandler
 *
 * EventHandler forms a bridge between dynamically created listeners and
 * arbitrary properties and methods.  The idea is that a Proxy that implements
 * a listener class calls the EventHandler when a listener method is called.
 * The Proxy calls invoke(), which dispatches the event to a method, called
 * the action, in another object, called the target.
 *
 * The event passed to the listener method is used to access a prespecified
 * property, which in turn is passed to the action method.
 * 
 * Normally, call EventHandler.create(), which constructs an EventHandler and
 * a Proxy for the listener interface.  When the listenerMethod gets called on
 * the proxy, it in turn calls invoke on the attached EventHandler.  The
 * invoke call extracts the bean property from the event object and passes it
 * to the action method of target object.
 *
 * TODO: Add examples of using this thing.
 * 
 * @author Jerry Quinn (jlquinn@optonline.net)
 * @since 1.4
 */
public class EventHandler implements InvocationHandler
{
  // The name of the method that will be implemented.  If null, any method.
  private String listenerMethod;

  // The object to call action on.
  private Object target;

  // The name of the method or property setter in target.
  private String action;

  // The property to extract from an event passed to listenerMethod.
  private String property;

  // String class doesn't already have a capitalize routine.
  private String capitalize(String s)
  {
    return s.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + s.substring(1);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new <code>EventHandler</code> instance.
   *
   * Typical creation is done with the create method, not by newing an
   * EventHandler.
   *
   * This constructs an EventHandler that will connect the method
   * listenerMethodName to target.action, extracting eventPropertyName from
   * the first argument of listenerMethodName. and sending it to action.
   *
   *
   *
   * @param target Object that will perform the action.
   * @param action A property or method of the target.
   * @param eventPropertyName A readable property of the inbound event.
   * @param listenerMethodName The listener method name triggering the action.
   */
  public EventHandler(Object target, String action, String eventPropertyName,
		      String listenerMethodName)
  {
    this.target = target;
    this.action = action;	// Turn this into a method or do we wait till
				// runtime
    property = eventPropertyName;
    listenerMethod = listenerMethodName;
  }

  /**
   * Return the event property name.
   */
  public String getEventPropertyName()
  {
    return property;
  }

  /**
   * Return the listener's method name.
   */
  public String getListenerMethodName()
  {
    return listenerMethod;
  }

  /**
   * Return the target object.
   */
  public Object getTarget()
  {
    return target;
  }

  /**
   * Return the action method name.
   */
  public String getAction()
  {
    return action;
  }

  // Fetch a qualified property like a.b.c from object o.  The properties can
  // be boolean isProp or object getProp properties.
  //
  // Returns a length 2 array with the first entry containing the value
  // extracted from the property, and the second entry contains the class of
  // the method return type.
  //
  // We play this game because if the method returns a native type, the return
  // value will be a wrapper.  If we then take the type of the wrapper and use
  // it to locate the action method that takes the native type, it won't match.
  private Object[] getProperty(Object o, String prop)
    throws NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException
  {
    // Use the event object when the property name to extract is null.
    if (prop == null)
      return new Object[] {o, o.getClass()};

    // Isolate the first property name from a.b.c.
    int pos;
    String rest = null;
    if ((pos = prop.indexOf('.')) != -1)
      {
	rest = prop.substring(pos + 1);
	prop = prop.substring(0, pos);
      }

    // Find a method named getProp.  It could be isProp instead.
    Method getter;
    try
      {
	// Look for boolean property getter isProperty
	getter = o.getClass().getMethod("is" + capitalize(prop),
						 null);
      }
    catch (NoSuchMethodException e)
      {
	// Look for regular property getter getProperty
	getter = o.getClass().getMethod("get" + capitalize(prop),
						 null);
      }
    Object val = getter.invoke(o, null);

    if (rest != null)
      return getProperty(val, rest);

    return new Object[] {val, getter.getReturnType()};
  }


  /**
   * Invoke the event handler.
   *
   * Proxy is the object that was used, method is the method that was invoked
   * on object, and arguments is the set of arguments passed to this method.
   * We assume that the first argument is the event to extract a property
   * from.
   *
   * Assuming that method matches the listener method specified when creating
   * this EventHandler, the desired property is extracted from this argument.
   * The property is passed to target.setAction(), if possible.  Otherwise
   * target.action() is called, where action is the string fed to the
   * constructor.
   *
   * For now we punt on indexed properties.  Sun docs are not clear to me
   * about this.
   *
   * @param proxy The proxy object that had method invoked on it.
   * @param method The method that was invoked.
   * @param arguments Arguments to method.
   * @return Result of invoking target.action on the event property
   */
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] arguments)
    throws Exception
  {
    // Do we actually need the proxy?
    if (method == null)
      throw new RuntimeException("Invoking null method");

    // Listener methods that weren't specified are ignored.  If listenerMethod
    // is null, then all listener methods are processed.
    if (listenerMethod != null && !method.getName().equals(listenerMethod))
      return null;

    // Extract the first arg from arguments and do getProperty on arg
    if (arguments == null || arguments.length == 0)
      return null;
    Object event = arguments[0]; // We hope :-)

    // Obtain the property XXX propertyType keeps showing up null - why?
    // because the object inside getProperty changes, but the ref variable
    // can't change this way, dolt!  need a better way to get both values out
    // - need method and object to do the invoke and get return type
    Object v[] = getProperty(event, property);
    Object val = v[0];
    Class propertyType = (Class) v[1];

    // Find the actual method of target to invoke.  We can't do this in the
    // constructor since we don't know the type of the property we extracted
    // from the event then.
    //
    // action can be either a property or a method.  Sun's docs seem to imply
    // that action should be treated as a property first, and then a method,
    // but don't specifically say it.
    //
    // XXX check what happens with native type wrappers.  The better thing to
    // do is look at the return type of the method
    Method actionMethod;
    try
      {
	// Look for a property setter for action.
	actionMethod = 
	  target.getClass().getMethod("set" + capitalize(action),
				      new Class[] {propertyType});
      }
    catch (NoSuchMethodException e)
      {
	// If action as property didn't work, try as method.
	try
	  {
	    actionMethod = 
	      target.getClass().getMethod(action, new Class[] {propertyType});
	  }
	catch (NoSuchMethodException e1)
	  {
	    // When event property is null, we may call action with no args
	    if (property == null)
	      {
		actionMethod =
		  target.getClass().getMethod(action, null);
		return actionMethod.invoke(target, null);
	      }
	    else
	      throw e1;
	  }
      }

    // Invoke target.action(property)
    return actionMethod.invoke(target, new Object[] {val});
  }

  /**
   * Construct a new object to dispatch events.
   *
   * Equivalent to:
   * create(listenerInterface, target, action, null, null)
   *
   * I.e. all listenerInterface methods are mapped to
   * target.action(EventObject) or target.action(), if the first doesn't
   * exist.
   *
   * @param listenerInterface Listener interface to implement.
   * @param target Object to invoke action on.
   * @param action Target property or method to invoke.
   * @return A constructed proxy object.
   */
  public static Object create(Class listenerInterface, Object target, String action)
  {
    return create(listenerInterface, target, action, null, null);
  }

  /**
   * Construct a new object to dispatch events.
   *
   * Equivalent to:
   * create(listenerInterface, target, action, eventPropertyName, null)
   *
   * I.e. all listenerInterface methods are mapped to
   * target.action(event.getEventPropertyName)
   * 
   *
   * @param listenerInterface Listener interface to implement.
   * @param target Object to invoke action on.
   * @param action Target property or method to invoke.
   * @param eventPropertyName Name of property to extract from event.
   * @return A constructed proxy object.
   */
  public static Object create(Class listenerInterface, Object target,
			      String action, String eventPropertyName)
  {
    return create(listenerInterface, target, action, eventPropertyName, null);
  }


  /**
   * Construct a new object to dispatch events.
   *
   * This creates an object that acts as a proxy for the method
   * listenerMethodName in listenerInterface.  When the listener method is
   * activated, the object extracts eventPropertyName from the event.  Then it
   * passes the property to the method target.setAction, or target.action if
   * action is not a property with a setter.
   *
   * For example, EventHandler.create(MouseListener.class, test, "pushed",
   * "button", "mouseClicked") generates a proxy object that implements
   * MouseListener, at least for the method mouseClicked().  The other methods
   * of MouseListener are null operations.  When mouseClicked is invoked, the
   * generated object extracts the button property from the MouseEvent,
   * i.e. event.getButton(), and calls test.setPushed() with the result.  So under
   * the covers the following happens:
   *
   * <CODE>
   * object.mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { test.setPushed(e.getButton()); }
   * </CODE>
   *
   * The Sun spec specifies a hierarchical property naming scheme.  Generally
   * if the property is a.b.c, this corresponds to event.getA().getB().getC()
   * or event.getA().getB().isC().  I don't see how you specify an indexed
   * property, though.  This may be a limitation of the Sun implementation as
   * well.  The spec doesn't seem to address it.
   * 
   * If eventPropertyName is null, EventHandler instead uses the event object
   * in place of a property, i.e. it calls target.action(EventObject).  If
   * there is no method named action taking an EventObject argument,
   * EventHandler looks for a method target.action() taking no arguments.
   *
   * If listenerMethodName is null, every method in listenerInterface gets
   * mapped to target.action, rather than the specified listener method.
   * 
   * @param listenerInterface Listener interface to implement.
   * @param target Object to invoke action on.
   * @param action Target method name to invoke.
   * @param eventPropertyName Name of property to extract from event.
   * @param listenerMethodName Listener method to implement.
   * @return A constructed proxy object.
   */
  public static Object create(Class listenerInterface, Object target,
			      String action, String eventPropertyName,
			      String listenerMethodName)
  {
    // Create EventHandler instance
    EventHandler eh = new EventHandler(target, action, eventPropertyName,
				       listenerMethodName);

    // Create proxy object passing in the event handler
    Object proxy = Proxy.newProxyInstance(listenerInterface.getClassLoader(),
					  new Class[] {listenerInterface},
					  eh);

    return proxy;
  }

}