.\" Copyright (c) 1996 Eric S. Raymond 
.\" and Andries Brouwer 
.\" Chinese Version Copyright Scorpio,BitBIRD  www.linuxforum.net, 2000
.\" 
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" This is combined from many sources, including notes by aeb and
.\" research by esr. Portions derive from a writeup by Ramon Czybora.
.\"
.TH CHARSETS 7 "November 5th, 1996" "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH 
charsets \- Աַ͹ʻĹ۵
.SH 
Linux һԵIJϵͳĸָʵó
 (̨ ) ֶ֧Եַ
иӷŵĸַ(ĸ),
ȫĸϣŴ˹
ϣ )
.LP
ֲԳԱ۹ȥַͬ׼Լ
 Linux еһġ۵ı׼ ASCIIISO 8859KOI8-R 
UnicodeISO 2022  ISO 4873 
.SH ASCII
ASCII (,Ϣ()׼())  7-bitַ,
ԭΪʽӢƵġǰ ECMA-6 ׼
.LP
Ӣʹһ ASCIIı壨ǣӢֵķŴ
crosshatch/octothorpe/hash İֵţ;Ҫʱ
ģţӢı壨ţ"US ASCII""UK ASCII"
Ϊ
.LP
Ϊ Linux ΪƵӲд, ֧ US ASCII 

.SH ISO 8859
ISO 8859 һϵ 10 -bit ַ, ASCII ĵλ (7 -bit ), 
128 159 ΧڵIJɼַ 96 ͼΣַ 160-255 
LP
ЩַУҪ ISO 8859-1 ( Latin-1 )
ͱ Linux ̨֧֣
X11R6 ֵ֧Ҳܺã HTML Ļַ
.LP

Linux ¿̨Ҳ֧ 8859 ַ
ͨûģʽʵó(  
.BR setfont ( 8 ))
޸ļ̰󶨺 EGA ͼα
Լп̨еġuser mappingûӰ䣩
.LP
ÿϼ̵
.TP
8859-1 (Latin-1) 
Latin-1 Ǵŷԣ簢, ̩, ,
,Ӣ,Ⱥ,,,,,,,
Ų䡣ȱٺ ij֣ij֣ 
 oeoe֣;ɷ',,' ``ģǿԵġ
.TP
8859-2 (Latin-2)
Latin-2 ִ֧д˹ŷԣ
޵ , ݿ, , , ǣ˹工ˣ
˹ǡ
.TP
8859-3 (Latin-3)
Latin-3 , , , ܻӭģԣ
.TP
8859-4 (Latin-4)
Latin-4 ˰ɳάǣַ ʵϹʱ;
μ 8859-10 (Latin-6 ) 
.TP
8859-5 
Ŵ˹ĸֱ֧, ׶˹,, , άڿ
ڿ˶ʵ`geh'Ϊ`heh',ͣҪôʵ ghe
дȷghe.μģڣKOI8-R ۡ
עЩдϰҲôҪɣϣĽͲҪ
˸Ϳˣ
.TP
8859-6
ְ֧ 8859-6 ͱǷַʽһ̶ֹ壬һ
ʾӦЩʹúʵĴףмĸʽ
.TP
8859-7
ִ֧ϣ
.TP
8859-8
֧ϣ
.TP
8859-9 (Latin-5)
Latin-1 һֱ壬һЩַõı
.TP
8859-10 (Latin-6) 
Latin 6 ĩŦ(룺last Inuit Ҳ֪ǷǶԵ) ()  
Sami (  ) Щ Lattin 4 ȱٵģŷַ
RFC 1345 г˳ĺͲͬġ latin 6 " Skolt Sami ȻЩҪ
š

.TP
8859-13 (Latin-7)
.TP
8859-14 (Latin-8)
.TP
8859-15
ŷ޷źͷ֣ Latin-1 ȱ©ġ
.SH KOI8-R
KOI8-R ڶеһ ISO ַ°벿 US ASCII;
ϲDZ ISO 8859-5 ƵĸõĹ˹ַ
.LP
̨Ϊ֧ KOI8-R ַ Linux £
ûģʽʵó޸ļ̰󶨺 EGA ͼα
Լڿ̨ʹuser mappingûӳ䣩
.SH UNICODEͳ[]һ,[˫]ַֽ
Unicode ISO 10646 ) һ׼Ŀ׵ر
ÿеÿַ֪Unicode ı 32 λ
( Щİ汾ʹ 16 λ )  Unicode 
һЩϢ<http://www.unicode.com>á
.LP
Linux ʹãλ Unicode תƸʽ (UTF-8 ) ʾ Unicode 
UTF-8 ǿɱ䳤 Unicode 롣ʹãֽڸ 7 bit
룬ʹãֽڸ  bit 룬
ʹãֽڸ  bit 룬ʹãֽڸ  bit 룬ʹãֽڸ
 bit 룬ʹãֽڸ  bit  
.LP
 0,1 , x 㣬һλֽ0xxxxxxx Unicode 00000000 0xxxxxxx
ź ASCII 0xxxxxxx ķһ 
 ASCII ûиΪ UTF-8ֻ ASCII ˲ע⵽κα仯
ڴ룬ҲļС
.LP
ֽ 110xxxxx һ2 ֽڴĿʼ
110xxxxx 10yyyyyy װ 00000xxx xxyyyyyy 
ֽ 1110xxxx һ  ֽڴĿʼ
1110xxxx 10yyyyyy 10zzzzzz װ xxxxyyyy yyzzzzzz
 UTF-8 ʹ 31-bit ISO 10646 룬ôͻ
 6 ֽڱ룩
.LP
 ISO-8859-1 ûԣζŴλַֽڡ
ͨıļ󣱵ٷֵ㡣ûб任,
Ϊ Unicode ISO-8859-1 ŵֵǵ ISO-8859-1 ֵ
( 8 ǰǰ׺) ûζԭõ 16 λ뽫
ռ 3 ֽڣһҪչӳձ˱Ƚϲ 
ISO 2022 
.LP
ע UTF-8 ͬģ 10xxxxxx һβ, κ
ֽDZͷASCII ֽڳ UTF-8 ΨһĿ
ΪԼ֡ر,  NULs  " /'s ǶЩȽϴıС
.LP
Ϊе ASCIIر, NUL '/', ûб仯, ں˲ע⵽
ʹ UTF-8ںڴֽڴʲô
.LP
Unicode ijͨͨ" subfont "
Unicode һӼַӳ䡣ںڲʹ Unicode 
װʾڴ subfontζ UTF-8 еһģʽ
ʹ 512 ͬķšͳ˵Dzģ
˴;
.SH ISO 2022 AND ISO 4873
ISO 2022  4873 ׼һ VT100 ʵֵģͣ
Linux ں˺ xterm (1) (  ) ֧ģ͡
ձͺС
.LP
 4 ͼεַΪ G0  G1  G2  G3 
֮һǵǰĸλΪ ıַ( G0 ),֮
һǵǰĸλΪıַ( G1 )ÿͼεַ
94  96 ַ ʵһ 7-bitַ
ʹ 040-0177 ( 041-0176 )  0240-0377 ( 0241-0376 )
еһG0 СΪ 94ʹ 041-0176 ֮ı롣
.LP
ַ֮лתshift functions
^N (SO  LS1), ^O (SI  LS0), ESC n (LS2), ESC o (LS3),
ESC N (SS2), ESC O (SS3), ESC ~ (LS1R), ESC } (LS2R), ESC | (LS3R).
LS\fIn\fP ַG\fIn\fPΪǰַڸλΪı롣
LS\fIn\fPR ַ G\fIn\fPΪǰַڸλΪı롣
SS\fIn\fP ַG\fIn\fP (\fIn\fP=2 or 3) Ϊǰַ
ֻһַ
ĸλֵʲô
.LP
94 ַļ G\fIn\f ַһ
ESC ( xx  G0ESC ) xx  G1
ESC * xx  G2ESC + xx  G3ȴģ xx һ
 ISO 2375 עַеһԷš
磬ESC ( @ ѡ ISO 646 ַΪGO
ESC ( A ѡ UK ׼ַ(ðּǺ), ESC ( B ѡ ASCII (
Ԫͨ), ESC ( M Ϊѡһַ ESC ( ! A 
ѡŰַ, ȵ. ȵ.
.LP
94 ַļ G\fIn\f ַһ
ESC - xx  G1, ESC . xx  G2
 ESC / xx  G3ȱʾ
, ESC - G ѡϣĸΪ G1.
.LP
ֽڵַ G\fIn\fP ַһ
ESC $ xx  ESC $ ( xx  G0
ESC $ ) xx  G1ESC $ * xx  G2ESC $ + xx  G3ʾ
, ESC $ ( C Ϊ G0ѡ񺫹ַ.
ձַ ESC $ Bѡ
ٽİ汾ESC & @ ESC $ Bѡ.
.LP
ISO 4873 涨һΧȽխʹַ G0ǹ̶ ( ASCII),
 G1, G2  G3ֻܱڸߴλ뼯
ǣʹ ^N  ^OESC ( xx
 xx=B,  ESC ) xx, ESC * xx, ESC + xx
ֱȼ ESC - xx, ESC . xx, ESC / xx

.SH ο
.BR console (4),
.BR console_ioctl (4),
.BR console_codes (4),
.BR ascii (7),
.BR iso_8859_1 (7),
.BR unicode (7),
.BR utf-8 (7)
.br
.SH "[İά]"
Scorpio E-mail:rawk@chinese.com
.SH "[ݸ]"
2000/10/30
.br
.B й Linux ̳ man ֲҳƻ:www.cmpp.net/