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.\" Copyright (c) 1998 Andries Brouwer
.\" Chinese Version Copyright Xuming, www.linuxforum.net, 2000
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code"
.\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
.\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
.\" intermediate and printed output.
.\"
.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" ЩȨϢͲ.
.TH GLOB 7 "12 June 1998" "Unix" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH
glob \- γ·
.SH
ںܾǰ UNIX V6 , һ
.I /etc/glob
չͨģʽ.
ԺΪ shell ڽ.
ڻƵĿ⺯
.BR glob (3)
ΪûʵͬĹ.
˹ѭ (POSIX 1003.2, 3.13).
.SH "ͨƥ"
'?', '*' '[' ַַΪͨģʽ. γ·ָ
һֲ, ͨģʽչΪƥô·б. ƥ䶨Ϊ:
ڷе '?' ƥⵥַ.
ڷе '*' ƥַ, մ.
.SS "ַ"
ڱʽ `[...]', ڿͷ '[' ĵһַ '!',
ñʽƥijһַ, һڳֵַ. ڲ
пմ, ']' Ϊһַڷ. (,
'[][!]' ƥַ, '[', ']' '!'.)
.SS Χ (Ranges)
һ:
'-' ַֿһΧ.
(, `[A-Fa-f0-9]' `[ABCDEFabcdef0123456789]'.)
'-' ŵڵĿͷԻʵ.
(, `[]-]' ƥַ, ']' '-'еһ. `[--/]' ƥַ,
`-', `.' `/'еһ.)
.SS (Complementation)
ʽ '[!...]' ʾַ, ַƥ䷽ȥͷ '!'
ıʽ. (, `[!]a-]' ƥ']', 'a''-'ⵥַ.)
Ҫȥ'?', '*''['⺬, ͨǰһб;
shell , ͨЩַ.
ڷЩַ¶ԭ, , '[[?*\e]' ƥĸַ
еһ: '[', '?', '*', '\e'.
.SH · (PATHNAMES)
γ·Ӧ·еÿһԱ. ·е'/'ܱͨ
'?''*', Χ'[.-0]'ƥ. ΧֱӰ'/',
.
Ҫƥļ'.'ͷ, ô'.'ֱַӸ. (˵,
'rm *' ɾ '.profile' ļ, 'tar c *' ļ;
'tar c .' Ҫ.)
.SH "б (EMPTY LISTS)"
ŵĹ, չͨģʽΪƥ·б,
UNIX . չմ,
.br
.nf
xv -wait 0 *.gif *.jpg
.fi
û *.gif ļ (Ҳ).
Ȼ, POSIX Ҫ䷨·Ϊʱ, ͨģʽ.
(չ. ע)
.I bash
пͨ
.IR allow_null_glob_expansion=true .
ǿΪͳķ. (طҲƵ, , ʽ
.br
.nf
rm `find . -name "*~"`
.fi
µдΪ
.br
.nf
rm -f nosuchfile `find . -name "*~"`
.fi
Աڿղ
.I rm
Ϣ.)
.SH ע (NOTES)
.SS ʽ (Regular expressions)
ע, ͨģʽʽ, е. ,
ƥļ, ; , һ, ʽ'*'
ǰݵظ.
ʽеķʽ, ȡ'^', ('[!...]',
ע). POSIX , ͨģʽ, '[^...]'δ.
.SS ַʻ (Character classes and Internationalization )
Ȼ, Χָ ASCII ķΧ, '[ -%]' ˼ '[ !"#$%]',
'[a-z]' ָСдַ.
һЩUNIXʵְΪ: Χ X-Y ָ X ı뵽 Y ı֮
ַ. , Ҫû֪DZϵͳַ, ,
صĸ˳ַ˳Ӧ, Ǿ.
, POSIXͨģʽʽķشչ,
֪˷ʽе, (i) ȡ
(ii) ֱгĵַ (iii) Χ.
POSIXԷΧڹʻ˸õ˵, :
(iii) Χ X-Y X Y ַ֮(XY), XYĵǰ
ɵǰϵ LC_COLLATE ඨ.
(iv) ַ,
.br
.nf
[:alnum:] [:alpha:] [:blank:] [:cntrl:]
[:digit:] [:graph:] [:lower:] [:print:]
[:punct:] [:space:] [:upper:] [:xdigit:]
.fi
˿'[[:lower:]]''[a-z]', ڵͬЧ, Ȼ
ĸ'z'滹ĸ.
Щַɵǰϵ LC_CTYPE ඨ.
(v) Ŷӳ, '[.ch.]' '[.a-acute.]',
'[.''.]'ַ֮ǶڵǰϵĶӳԪ.
עǶַԪ.
(vi) ʽ, '[=a=]',
'[=''=]'ַ֮еĶӳԪ, ڵǰ.
, '[[=a=]]'Եͬ`[a]' (: Latin-1 ַ),
Ҳ `[a[.a-acute.][.a-grave.][.a-umlaut.][.a-circumflex.]]'.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR sh (1),
.BR glob (3),
.BR fnmatch (3),
.BR locale (7),
.BR regex (7)
.SH İ
[İά] Xuming
[ݸ] 2000/10/10
.br
.B MAN-PAGEƻ:http://www.cmpp.net/
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