.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright (C) Markus Kuhn, 1995
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" 1995-11-26 Markus Kuhn <mskuhn@cip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
.\" First version written
.\" İȨ mapping, Laser www.linuxforum.net 2000
.\"
.TH UNICODE 7 "1995-12-27" "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH  (NAME)
Unicode \- 16 λͳһַ
.SH  (DESCRIPTION)
ʱ׼
.B ISO 10646

.BR "ַͨ (Universal Character Set, UCS)".
.B UCS
бַ׼ַ,ұ֤
.BR " (round-trip compatibility)",
Ҳ˵һַ
.B UCS
καַ֮תʱ, תԱ֤Ϣʧ

.B UCS
˱ʾַַ֪Ȱ
Щʹչ,ҲЩ: Greek, 
Cyrillic, Hebrew,Arabic, Armenian, Gregorian, Japanese, 
Chinese, Hiragana, Katakana, Korean, Hangul, Devangari, 
Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, 
Kannada, alayam, Thai, Lao, Bopomofo,ȵ.,
Tibetian, Khmer, Runic, Ethiopian, Hieroglyphics, 
 Indo-European , , ڱ
.1993 귢ñ׼ʱ, ܶԺЩ
еĴ󲿷õı. , Щַ, Լ
TeX, PostScript, MS-DOS, Macintosh, Videotext, OCR, к
ִϵͳṩĴͼ, ӡˢ, ѧͿѧ, 
, һЩرԱ֤Ѵַ
׼Ŀת.


.B UCS
׼ (ISO 10646) һ 31 λַϵ, , Ŀǰ
ֻʹǰ 65534 λ (0x0000-0xfffd, DZΪ
.BR "Կ  (Basic Multilingual Plane,BMP))",
ַ, 
ֻЩܹŹֵַ(磮 Hieroglyphics)Ϊר
ĿѧĿ, Żڽijʱ, Ҫ 16 λ BMP ֮IJ.

 0x0000  0x007f ֮
.B UCS
ַ;
.B US-ASCII
ַһ,
 0x0000  0x00ff ַ֮
.B ISO 8859-1 Latin-1
ַ
.SH ַ (COMBINING CHARACTERS)
һЩ
.B UCS
뱻
.BR "ַ(combining characters)".
еڴֻϵ. һַֻ
ǰַһ. 
.BR UCS
ҪַԼı,
, ַһַĿʶǺ.
ַǸЩεַ. , Umlaut-A 
(Ĵдĸ A)ȿԱʾΪ
.B UCS
 0x00c4, Ҳ
һ"дĸ A"һ"Ϸ":
0x0041 0x0308 ʾ
.SH ʵּ (IMPLEMENTATION LEVELS)
ڲϵͳַ֧ĸ߼, ISO 10646
ָ
.BR UCS
ʵּ:
.TP 0.9i
 1 (Level 1)
ַ֧ Hangul Jamo ַ(һָ
ӵרõı, Hangul ڱַ).
.TP
 2 (Level 2)
ڼ1, ȴһЩҲ֧һЩַ.
(磮 Hebrew, Arabic, Devangari, Bengali, Gurmukhi,
Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugo, Kannada, Malayalam, Thai  Lao).
.TP
 3 (Level 3)
֧
.B UCS
ַ.
.PP
Unicode Эᷢ Unicode 1.1 ׼ ISO 10646 
, ڵ 3 ִмֻ
.B UCS (Կ Basic Multilingual Plane).
Unicode 1.1 ΪһЩ ISO 10646 ַ
һЩ嶨.
.SH LINUX µ UNICODE (UNICODE UNDER LINUX)
 Linux , Ϊ˽ַʵָ, Ŀǰִֻ
м 1 µ
.B BMP.
ߵִмʺרŵִʽ,
һͨϵͳַ.  linux  C 
.B wchar_t
һ
зλ 32 λͲֵΪ
.B UCS4
룮

ػָϵͳַʹ
.B UTF-8

.BR "ISO 8859-1" ı룮
⺯
.BR wctomb,
.BR mbtowc,

.B wprintf
Ϳڲ
.B wchar_t
ַַϵͳַ֮ת.
.SH ˽ (PRIVATE AREA)

.BR BMP
, 0xe000  0xf8ff ķΧ׼˽Զ
κַ.  Linux , ˽ϸΪԱκնû
ʹõ 0xe000  0xefff ķΧ, Լ 0xf000  0xf8ff  linux
ûõ linux .H. Peter Anvin(<Peter.Anvin@linux.org>,
Yggdrasil Computing,Inc) άǼǷ䵽 linux ַ.
һЩ Unicode ȱٵ DEC VT100 ͼַ, ʹ̨
建ֱӻЩַ, һЩ Klingon
Ĺʹõַ.
.SH  (LITERATURE)
.TP 0.2i
*
Information technology \- Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character
Set (UCS) \- Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane.
International Standard ISO 10646-1, International Organization
for Standardization, Geneva, 1993.


.BR UCS
ʽ淶, dzʽ, Ҳܺ, dz. Ҫ
Ϣ, ȥ www.iso.ch.
.TP
*
The Unicode Standard \- Worldwide Character Encoding Version 1.0.
The Unicode Consortium, Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 1991.

Unicode Ѿ 1.1.4 , 1.0 IJ ftp.unicode.org ҵ. 
Unicode 2.0 Ҳ 1996 һ.
.TP
*
S. Harbison, G. Steele. C \- A Reference Manual. Fourth edition,
Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1995, ISBN 0-13-326224-3.

һܺõ C Ա̲ο. ڵĵİ 1994 Ա׼
ISO C ĵһ (ISO/IEC 9899:1990), ˴
ַµ C ⺯.
.SH ȱ (BUGS)
дֲҳʱ,linux 
.B UCS
 C Կ֧Զδ.
.SH  (AUTHOR)
Markus Kuhn <mskuhn@cip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
.SH ּ(SEE ALSO)
.B utf-8(7)
.B http://www.linuxforum.net/books/UTF-8-Unicode.html

.SH "[İά]"
mapping Email: mapping@263.net
.SH "[ݸ]"
2000/11/06

.SH "[й Linux ̳ man ֲҳƻ]"
.TP
.BI www.cmpp.net/