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Scintilla Usage Notes
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</td>
<td>
<a href="index.html" style="color:white;text-decoration:none"><font size="5">Scintilla
Usage Notes</font></a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>
Implementing Auto-Indent
</h2>
<p>
The key idea is to use the SCN_CHARADDED notification to add indentation after a newline.
</p>
<p>
The lParam on the notification is a pointer to a SCNotification structure whose ch member
specifies the character added. If a newline was added, the previous line can be retrieved and
the same indentation can be added to the new line.
</p>
<p>
Here is the relevant portion of code from SciTE: (SciTE.cxx SciTEWindow::CharAdded)
</p>
<span class='S5'>if</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>ch</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>==</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S7'>'\r'</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>||</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>ch</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>==</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S7'>'\n'</span><span class='S10'>)</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>char</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>[</span><span class='S4'>1000</span><span
class='S10'>];</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>curLine</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>GetCurrentLineNumber</span><span
class='S10'>();</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>lineLength</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>
=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>SCI_LINELENGTH</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>curLine</span><span class='S10'>);</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S2'>
//Platform::DebugPrintf("[CR] %d len = %d\n", curLine, lineLength);</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>if</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>curLine</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>></span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>0</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>&&</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>lineLength</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>
<=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>2</span><span
class='S10'>)</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>prevLineLength</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>
=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>SCI_LINELENGTH</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>curLine</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>-</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>1</span><span
class='S10'>);</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>if</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>prevLineLength</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'><</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S5'>sizeof</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>))</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>WORD</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>buflen</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S5'>sizeof</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>);</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>memcpy</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>&</span><span class='S11'>buflen</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S5'>sizeof</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>buflen</span><span class='S10'>));</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>
SendEditor</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>EM_GETLINE</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>curLine</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>-</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S4'>1</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span>
<span class='S5'>reinterpret_cast</span><span class='S10'><</span><span
class='S11'>LPARAM</span><span class='S10'>>(</span><span class='S5'>static_cast</span><span
class='S10'><</span><span class='S5'>char</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>*>(</span><span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>)));</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span
class='S10'>[</span><span class='S11'>prevLineLength</span><span class='S10'>]</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S7'>'\0'</span><span class='S10'>;</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>for</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S5'>int</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>pos</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>0</span><span
class='S10'>;</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span
class='S10'>[</span><span class='S11'>pos</span><span class='S10'>];</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>pos</span><span class='S10'>++)</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span
class='S5'>if</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>[</span><span class='S11'>pos</span><span
class='S10'>]</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>!=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S7'>' '</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>&&</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>
linebuf</span><span class='S10'>[</span><span class='S11'>pos</span><span
class='S10'>]</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>!=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S7'>'\t'</span><span class='S10'>)</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span>
<span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>[</span><span class='S11'>pos</span><span
class='S10'>]</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S7'>'\0'</span><span class='S10'>;</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S10'>}</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>
SendEditor</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>EM_REPLACESEL</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>0</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S5'>
reinterpret_cast</span><span class='S10'><</span><span class='S11'>LPARAM</span><span
class='S10'>>(</span><span class='S5'>static_cast</span><span class='S10'><</span><span
class='S5'>char</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>*>(</span><span
class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>)));</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S10'>}</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S10'>}</span><br />
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">
Of course, fancier handling could be implemented. For example, if the previous line was the
start of a control construct, the next line could be automatically indented one tab further.
(Assuming that is your indenting style.)
</p>
<h2>
Implementing Syntax Styling
</h2>
<p>
Syntax styling is handled by the SCN_STYLENEEDED notification. Scintilla keeps track of the
end of the styled text - this is retrieved with SCI_GETENDSTYLED. In response to the
SCN_STYLENEEDED notification, you should apply styles to the text from ENDSTYLED to the
position specified by the notification.
</p>
<p>
Here is the relevant portion of code from SciTE: (SciTE.cxx)
</p>
<span class='S5'>void</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>
SciTEWindow</span><span class='S10'>::</span><span class='S11'>Notify</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>SCNotification</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>*</span><span class='S11'>notification</span><span class='S10'>)</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>switch</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>notification</span><span
class='S10'>-></span><span class='S11'>nmhdr.code</span><span class='S10'>)</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>case</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>SCN_STYLENEEDED</span><span class='S10'>:</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span
class='S5'>if</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>notification</span><span class='S10'>-></span><span
class='S11'>nmhdr.idFrom</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>==</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>IDM_SRCWIN</span><span class='S10'>)</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>{</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span>
<span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>
endStyled</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>SCI_GETENDSTYLED</span><span class='S10'>);</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span>
<span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>
lineEndStyled</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>EM_LINEFROMCHAR</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>endStyled</span><span class='S10'>);</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span>
<span class='S11'>endStyled</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>
=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>EM_LINEINDEX</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>lineEndStyled</span><span class='S10'>);</span><span
class='S0'><br />
</span>
<span class='S11'>Colourise</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>endStyled</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>notification</span><span class='S10'>-></span><span
class='S11'>position</span><span class='S10'>);</span><br />
<p>
Colourize(start, end) retrieves the specified range of text and then calls ColourizeDoc in
keywords.cxx. It starts the process by calling:
</p>
<span class='S11'>SendMessage</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>hwnd</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>SCI_STARTSTYLING</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>startPos</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S4'>31</span><span class='S10'>);</span><br />
<p>
and then for each token of the text, calling:
</p>
<span class='S11'>SendMessage</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>hwnd</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>SCI_SETSTYLING</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>length</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>style</span><span class='S10'>);</span><br />
<p>
where style is a number from 0 to 31 whose appearance has been defined using the
SCI_STYLESET... messages.
</p>
<h2>
Implementing Calltips
</h2>
<p>
Again, the SCN_CHARADDED notification is used to catch when an opening parenthesis is added.
The preceding word can then be retrieved from the current line:
</p>
<span class='S5'>char</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>[</span><span class='S4'>1000</span><span
class='S10'>];</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>current</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>SCI_GETCURLINE</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S5'>sizeof</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span
class='S10'>),</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>
reinterpret_cast</span><span class='S10'><</span><span class='S11'>LPARAM</span><span
class='S10'>>(</span><span class='S5'>static_cast</span><span class='S10'><</span><span
class='S5'>char</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>*>(</span><span
class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>)));</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>pos</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendEditor</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>SCI_GETCURRENTPOS</span><span class='S10'>);</span><span class='S0'><br />
<br />
</span> <span class='S5'>int</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>startword</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>current</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>-</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>1</span><span
class='S10'>;</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>while</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>startword</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S10'>></span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>0</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>&&</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S11'>isalpha</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span
class='S10'>[</span><span class='S11'>startword</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>-</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>1</span><span
class='S10'>]))</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>
startword</span><span class='S10'>--;</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span class='S10'>[</span><span
class='S11'>current</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>-</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>1</span><span class='S10'>]</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S7'>'\0'</span><span class='S10'>;</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S5'>char</span><span class='S10'>*</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>word</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>linebuf</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>+</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>startword</span><span class='S10'>;</span><br />
<p>
Then if a calltip is available it can be displayed. The calltip appears immediately below
the position specified. The calltip can be multiple lines separated by newlines (\n).
</p>
<span class='S11'>pos</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>=</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SendMessage</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>hwnd</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SCI_GETCURRENTPOS</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>0</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>0</span><span
class='S10'>);</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>SendMessageText</span><span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>hwnd</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>SCI_CALLTIPSHOW</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>pos</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>-</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>wordLen</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S10'>-</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>1</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span
class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>calltip</span><span class='S10'>);</span><br />
<p>
The calltip can be removed when a closing parenthesis is entered:
</p>
<span class='S5'>if</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>SendMessage</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span
class='S11'>hwnd</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S11'>SCI_CALLTIPACTIVE</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span>
<span class='S4'>0</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S4'>0</span><span class='S10'>))</span><span class='S0'><br />
</span> <span class='S11'>
SendMessage</span><span class='S10'>(</span><span class='S11'>hwnd</span><span
class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S11'>
SCI_CALLTIPCANCEL</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span
class='S4'>0</span><span class='S10'>,</span><span class='S0'> </span> <span class='S4'>
0</span><span class='S10'>);</span><br />
<p>
Obviously, it is up the application to look after supplying the appropriate calltip text.
</p>
<p>
SciTE goes one step further, counting the commas between arguments and highlighting the
corresponding part of the calltip. This code is in ContinueCallTip.
</p>
<p>
<i>Page contributed by Andrew McKinlay.</i>
</p>
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