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|
# Cosign Vulnerability Scan Record Attestation Specification
`Cosign` is heavily using [In-toto Attestations](https://github.com/in-toto/attestation) predicate models in its own
codebase. But this is not the only option you have while working with predicates in cosign. `Cosign` already defines its
own predicates: [Generic Predicate Specification](COSIGN_PREDICATE_SPEC.md). This `Vulnerability Scan`
attestation is one of them.
Let's talk a bit about the history of this specification. We first mentioned this idea
in [in-toto attestation](https://github.com/in-toto/attestation/issues/58) repository. So many people interested in this
issue, and shared ideas about which parts are necessary which parts are not to make that specification well-purposed.
There is an also cross [issue](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/issues/442) on cosign side that we discussed on it.
And the final format for this is defined as follows:
```json
{
"_type": "https://in-toto.io/Statement/v0.1",
"subject": [
{
...
}
],
// Predicate:
"predicateType": "https://cosign.sigstore.dev/attestation/vuln/v1",
"predicate": {
"invocation": {
"parameters": [],
// [ "--format=json", "--skip-db-update" ]
"uri": "",
// https://github.com/developer-guy/alpine/actions/runs/1071875574
"event_id": "",
// 1071875574
"builder.id": ""
// GitHub Actions
},
"scanner": {
"uri": "",
// pkg:github/aquasecurity/trivy@244fd47e07d1004f0aed9
"version": "",
// 0.19.2
"db": {
"uri": "",
// pkg:github/aquasecurity/trivy-db/commit/4c76bb580b2736d67751410fa4ab66d2b6b9b27d
"version": ""
// "v1-2021080612"
},
"result": {}
},
"metadata": {
"scanStartedOn": "",
// 2021-08-06T17:45:50.52Z
"scanFinishedOn": ""
// 2021-08-06T17:50:50.52Z
}
}
}
```
## Fields
**scanner**
> There are lots of container image scanners such as Trivy, Grype, Clair, etc.
> This field describes which scanner is used while performing a container image scan,
> as well as version information and which Vulnerability DB is used.
**scanner.uri** string (ResourceURI), optional
> > URI indicating the identity of the source of the scanner.
**scanner.version** string (ResourceURI), optional
> The version of the scanner.
**scanner.db.uri** string (ResourceURI), optional
> URI indicating the identity of the source of the Vulnerability DB.
**scanner.db.version** string, optional
> The version of the Vulnerability DB.
**scanner.result** object
> This is the most important part of this field because it'll store the scan result as a whole. So, people might want
> to use this field to take decisions based on them by making use of Policy Engines tooling whether allow or deny these images.
**metadata.scanStartedOn string (Timestamp), required**
> The timestamp of when the scan started.
**metadata.scanFinishedOn string (Timestamp), required**
> The timestamp of when the scan completed.
```shell
$ trivy image -f json alpine:3.12
```
<details>
<summary>Scan Result</summary>
```json
{
"SchemaVersion": 2,
"ArtifactName": "alpine:3.12",
"ArtifactType": "container_image",
"Metadata": {
"OS": {
"Family": "alpine",
"Name": "3.12.9"
},
"ImageID": "sha256:b0925e0819214cd29937af66dbaf0e6fe239997faea60922cc890f9984512507",
"DiffIDs": [
"sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
],
"RepoTags": [
"alpine:3.12"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"alpine@sha256:d9459083f962de6bd980ae6a05be2a4cf670df6a1d898157bceb420342bec280"
],
"ImageConfig": {
"architecture": "amd64",
"container": "385e1cc96cc7482dfb6847e293bb24baecd3f48a49791b9b45e297204b160287",
"created": "2021-11-12T17:20:08.442217528Z",
"docker_version": "20.10.7",
"history": [
{
"created": "2021-11-12T17:20:08.190319702Z",
"created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:8f5bc5ce64ef781adadca88e4004e17affc72e6f20dbd08b9c478def12fe1dd3 in / "
},
{
"created": "2021-11-12T17:20:08.442217528Z",
"created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\"/bin/sh\"]",
"empty_layer": true
}
],
"os": "linux",
"rootfs": {
"type": "layers",
"diff_ids": [
"sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
]
},
"config": {
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh"
],
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Image": "sha256:7d1c1e4b291dc9519b43a2b9c9330655927f6dfde90d36ef5fd16b2ae0f28bbc"
}
}
},
"Results": [
{
"Target": "alpine:3.12 (alpine 3.12.9)",
"Class": "os-pkgs",
"Type": "alpine",
"Vulnerabilities": [
{
"VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2021-28831",
"PkgName": "busybox",
"InstalledVersion": "1.31.1-r21",
"FixedVersion": "1.32.1-r4",
"Layer": {
"Digest": "sha256:8572bc8fb8a32061648dd183b2c0451c82be1bd053a4ea8fae991436b92faebb",
"DiffID": "sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
},
"SeveritySource": "nvd",
"PrimaryURL": "https://avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2021-28831",
"Title": "busybox: invalid free or segmentation fault via malformed gzip data",
"Description": "decompress_gunzip.c in BusyBox through 1.32.1 mishandles the error bit on the huft_build result pointer, with a resultant invalid free or segmentation fault, via malformed gzip data.",
"Severity": "HIGH",
"CweIDs": [
"CWE-755"
],
"CVSS": {
"nvd": {
"V2Vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P",
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V2Score": 5,
"V3Score": 7.5
},
"redhat": {
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V3Score": 7.5
}
},
"References": [
"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-28831",
"https://git.busybox.net/busybox/commit/?id=f25d254dfd4243698c31a4f3153d4ac72aa9e9bd",
"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00001.html",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3UDQGJRECXFS5EZVDH2OI45FMO436AC4/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Z7ZIFKPRR32ZYA3WAA2NXFA3QHHOU6FJ/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZASBW7QRRLY5V2R44MQ4QQM4CZIDHM2U/",
"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202105-09",
"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-5179-1"
],
"PublishedDate": "2021-03-19T05:15:00Z",
"LastModifiedDate": "2021-05-26T10:15:00Z"
},
{
"VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2021-28831",
"PkgName": "ssl_client",
"InstalledVersion": "1.31.1-r21",
"FixedVersion": "1.32.1-r4",
"Layer": {
"Digest": "sha256:8572bc8fb8a32061648dd183b2c0451c82be1bd053a4ea8fae991436b92faebb",
"DiffID": "sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
},
"SeveritySource": "nvd",
"PrimaryURL": "https://avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2021-28831",
"Title": "busybox: invalid free or segmentation fault via malformed gzip data",
"Description": "decompress_gunzip.c in BusyBox through 1.32.1 mishandles the error bit on the huft_build result pointer, with a resultant invalid free or segmentation fault, via malformed gzip data.",
"Severity": "HIGH",
"CweIDs": [
"CWE-755"
],
"CVSS": {
"nvd": {
"V2Vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P",
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V2Score": 5,
"V3Score": 7.5
},
"redhat": {
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V3Score": 7.5
}
},
"References": [
"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-28831",
"https://git.busybox.net/busybox/commit/?id=f25d254dfd4243698c31a4f3153d4ac72aa9e9bd",
"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00001.html",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3UDQGJRECXFS5EZVDH2OI45FMO436AC4/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Z7ZIFKPRR32ZYA3WAA2NXFA3QHHOU6FJ/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZASBW7QRRLY5V2R44MQ4QQM4CZIDHM2U/",
"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202105-09",
"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-5179-1"
],
"PublishedDate": "2021-03-19T05:15:00Z",
"LastModifiedDate": "2021-05-26T10:15:00Z"
}
]
}
]
}
```
</details>
Here is an example predicate containing a vulnerability scan result above:
```json
{
"predicate": {
"invocation": {
"parameters": [
"--format=json"
],
"uri": "https://github.com/developer-guy/alpine/actions/runs/1071875574",
"event_id": "1071875574",
"builder.id": "github actions"
},
"scanner": {
"uri": "pkg:github/aquasecurity/trivy@244fd47e07d1004f0aed9",
"version": "0.19.2",
"db": {
"uri": "pkg:github/aquasecurity/trivy-db/commit/4c76bb580b2736d67751410fa4ab66d2b6b9b27d",
"version": "v1-2021080612"
},
"result": {
"SchemaVersion": 2,
"ArtifactName": "alpine:3.12",
"ArtifactType": "container_image",
"Metadata": {
"OS": {
"Family": "alpine",
"Name": "3.12.9"
},
"ImageID": "sha256:b0925e0819214cd29937af66dbaf0e6fe239997faea60922cc890f9984512507",
"DiffIDs": [
"sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
],
"RepoTags": [
"alpine:3.12"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"alpine@sha256:d9459083f962de6bd980ae6a05be2a4cf670df6a1d898157bceb420342bec280"
],
"ImageConfig": {
"architecture": "amd64",
"container": "385e1cc96cc7482dfb6847e293bb24baecd3f48a49791b9b45e297204b160287",
"created": "2021-11-12T17:20:08.442217528Z",
"docker_version": "20.10.7",
"history": [
{
"created": "2021-11-12T17:20:08.190319702Z",
"created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:8f5bc5ce64ef781adadca88e4004e17affc72e6f20dbd08b9c478def12fe1dd3 in / "
},
{
"created": "2021-11-12T17:20:08.442217528Z",
"created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\"/bin/sh\"]",
"empty_layer": true
}
],
"os": "linux",
"rootfs": {
"type": "layers",
"diff_ids": [
"sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
]
},
"config": {
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh"
],
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Image": "sha256:7d1c1e4b291dc9519b43a2b9c9330655927f6dfde90d36ef5fd16b2ae0f28bbc"
}
}
},
"Results": [
{
"Target": "alpine:3.12 (alpine 3.12.9)",
"Class": "os-pkgs",
"Type": "alpine",
"Vulnerabilities": [
{
"VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2021-28831",
"PkgName": "busybox",
"InstalledVersion": "1.31.1-r21",
"FixedVersion": "1.32.1-r4",
"Layer": {
"Digest": "sha256:8572bc8fb8a32061648dd183b2c0451c82be1bd053a4ea8fae991436b92faebb",
"DiffID": "sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
},
"SeveritySource": "nvd",
"PrimaryURL": "https://avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2021-28831",
"Title": "busybox: invalid free or segmentation fault via malformed gzip data",
"Description": "decompress_gunzip.c in BusyBox through 1.32.1 mishandles the error bit on the huft_build result pointer, with a resultant invalid free or segmentation fault, via malformed gzip data.",
"Severity": "HIGH",
"CweIDs": [
"CWE-755"
],
"CVSS": {
"nvd": {
"V2Vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P",
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V2Score": 5,
"V3Score": 7.5
},
"redhat": {
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V3Score": 7.5
}
},
"References": [
"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-28831",
"https://git.busybox.net/busybox/commit/?id=f25d254dfd4243698c31a4f3153d4ac72aa9e9bd",
"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00001.html",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3UDQGJRECXFS5EZVDH2OI45FMO436AC4/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Z7ZIFKPRR32ZYA3WAA2NXFA3QHHOU6FJ/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZASBW7QRRLY5V2R44MQ4QQM4CZIDHM2U/",
"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202105-09",
"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-5179-1"
],
"PublishedDate": "2021-03-19T05:15:00Z",
"LastModifiedDate": "2021-05-26T10:15:00Z"
},
{
"VulnerabilityID": "CVE-2021-28831",
"PkgName": "ssl_client",
"InstalledVersion": "1.31.1-r21",
"FixedVersion": "1.32.1-r4",
"Layer": {
"Digest": "sha256:8572bc8fb8a32061648dd183b2c0451c82be1bd053a4ea8fae991436b92faebb",
"DiffID": "sha256:eb4bde6b29a6746e0779f80a09ca6f0806de61475059f7d56d6e20f6cc2e15f7"
},
"SeveritySource": "nvd",
"PrimaryURL": "https://avd.aquasec.com/nvd/cve-2021-28831",
"Title": "busybox: invalid free or segmentation fault via malformed gzip data",
"Description": "decompress_gunzip.c in BusyBox through 1.32.1 mishandles the error bit on the huft_build result pointer, with a resultant invalid free or segmentation fault, via malformed gzip data.",
"Severity": "HIGH",
"CweIDs": [
"CWE-755"
],
"CVSS": {
"nvd": {
"V2Vector": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P",
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V2Score": 5,
"V3Score": 7.5
},
"redhat": {
"V3Vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"V3Score": 7.5
}
},
"References": [
"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-28831",
"https://git.busybox.net/busybox/commit/?id=f25d254dfd4243698c31a4f3153d4ac72aa9e9bd",
"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00001.html",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3UDQGJRECXFS5EZVDH2OI45FMO436AC4/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Z7ZIFKPRR32ZYA3WAA2NXFA3QHHOU6FJ/",
"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZASBW7QRRLY5V2R44MQ4QQM4CZIDHM2U/",
"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202105-09",
"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-5179-1"
],
"PublishedDate": "2021-03-19T05:15:00Z",
"LastModifiedDate": "2021-05-26T10:15:00Z"
}
]
}
]
}
},
"metadata": {
"scanStartedOn": "2021-08-06T17:45:50.52Z",
"scanFinishedOn": "2021-08-06T17:50:50.52Z"
}
}
}
```
|
