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/*
* Cppcheck - A tool for static C/C++ code analysis
* Copyright (C) 2007-2025 Cppcheck team.
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "sehwrapper.h"
#ifdef USE_WINDOWS_SEH
#include "utils.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <dbghelp.h>
#include <tchar.h>
static FILE* sehOutput = stdout;
void set_seh_output(FILE* f)
{
sehOutput = f;
}
namespace {
const ULONG maxnamelength = 512;
struct IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64_EXT : public IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64 {
TCHAR nameExt[maxnamelength]; // actually no need to worry about character encoding here
};
typedef BOOL (WINAPI *fpStackWalk64)(DWORD, HANDLE, HANDLE, LPSTACKFRAME64, PVOID, PREAD_PROCESS_MEMORY_ROUTINE64, PFUNCTION_TABLE_ACCESS_ROUTINE64, PGET_MODULE_BASE_ROUTINE64, PTRANSLATE_ADDRESS_ROUTINE64);
fpStackWalk64 pStackWalk64;
typedef DWORD64 (WINAPI *fpSymGetModuleBase64)(HANDLE, DWORD64);
fpSymGetModuleBase64 pSymGetModuleBase64;
typedef BOOL (WINAPI *fpSymGetSymFromAddr64)(HANDLE, DWORD64, PDWORD64, PIMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64);
fpSymGetSymFromAddr64 pSymGetSymFromAddr64;
typedef BOOL (WINAPI *fpSymGetLineFromAddr64)(HANDLE, DWORD64, PDWORD, PIMAGEHLP_LINE64);
fpSymGetLineFromAddr64 pSymGetLineFromAddr64;
typedef DWORD (WINAPI *fpUnDecorateSymbolName)(const TCHAR*, PTSTR, DWORD, DWORD);
fpUnDecorateSymbolName pUnDecorateSymbolName;
typedef PVOID (WINAPI *fpSymFunctionTableAccess64)(HANDLE, DWORD64);
fpSymFunctionTableAccess64 pSymFunctionTableAccess64;
typedef BOOL (WINAPI *fpSymInitialize)(HANDLE, PCSTR, BOOL);
fpSymInitialize pSymInitialize;
HMODULE hLibDbgHelp;
// avoid explicit dependency on Dbghelp.dll
bool loadDbgHelp()
{
hLibDbgHelp = ::LoadLibraryW(L"Dbghelp.dll");
if (!hLibDbgHelp)
return false;
pStackWalk64 = (fpStackWalk64) ::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "StackWalk64");
pSymGetModuleBase64 = (fpSymGetModuleBase64) ::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "SymGetModuleBase64");
pSymGetSymFromAddr64 = (fpSymGetSymFromAddr64) ::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "SymGetSymFromAddr64");
pSymGetLineFromAddr64 = (fpSymGetLineFromAddr64)::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "SymGetLineFromAddr64");
pSymFunctionTableAccess64 = (fpSymFunctionTableAccess64)::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "SymFunctionTableAccess64");
pSymInitialize = (fpSymInitialize) ::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "SymInitialize");
pUnDecorateSymbolName = (fpUnDecorateSymbolName)::GetProcAddress(hLibDbgHelp, "UnDecorateSymbolName");
return true;
}
void printCallstack(FILE* outputFile, PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ex)
{
if (!loadDbgHelp())
return;
const HANDLE hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
const HANDLE hThread = GetCurrentThread();
pSymInitialize(
hProcess,
nullptr,
TRUE
);
CONTEXT context = *(ex->ContextRecord);
STACKFRAME64 stack= {0};
stack.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
stack.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
stack.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
#if defined(_M_IX86)
stack.AddrPC.Offset = context.Eip;
stack.AddrStack.Offset = context.Esp;
stack.AddrFrame.Offset = context.Ebp;
#elif defined(_M_AMD64)
stack.AddrPC.Offset = context.Rip;
stack.AddrStack.Offset = context.Rsp;
stack.AddrFrame.Offset = context.Rsp;
#elif defined(_M_ARM64)
stack.AddrPC.Offset = context.Pc;
stack.AddrStack.Offset = context.Sp;
stack.AddrFrame.Offset = context.Fp;
#else
#error Platform not supported!
#endif
IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64_EXT symbol;
symbol.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64);
symbol.MaxNameLength = maxnamelength;
DWORD64 displacement = 0;
int beyond_main=-1; // emergency exit, see below
for (ULONG frame = 0; ; frame++) {
BOOL result = pStackWalk64
(
#if defined(_M_IX86)
IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386,
#elif defined(_M_AMD64)
IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64,
#elif defined(_M_ARM64)
IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64,
#endif
hProcess,
hThread,
&stack,
&context,
nullptr,
pSymFunctionTableAccess64,
pSymGetModuleBase64,
nullptr
);
if (!result) // official end...
break;
pSymGetSymFromAddr64(hProcess, (ULONG64)stack.AddrPC.Offset, &displacement, &symbol);
TCHAR undname[maxnamelength]= {0};
pUnDecorateSymbolName((const TCHAR*)symbol.Name, (PTSTR)undname, (DWORD)getArrayLength(undname), UNDNAME_COMPLETE);
if (beyond_main>=0)
++beyond_main;
if (_tcscmp(undname, _T("main"))==0)
beyond_main=0;
fprintf(outputFile,
"%lu. 0x%08I64X in ",
frame, (ULONG64)stack.AddrPC.Offset);
fputs((const char *)undname, outputFile);
fputc('\n', outputFile);
if (0==stack.AddrReturn.Offset || beyond_main>2) // StackWalk64() sometimes doesn't reach any end...
break;
}
FreeLibrary(hLibDbgHelp);
hLibDbgHelp=nullptr;
}
void writeMemoryErrorDetails(FILE* outputFile, PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ex, const char* description)
{
fputs(description, outputFile);
fprintf(outputFile, " (instruction: 0x%p) ", ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress);
// Using %p for ULONG_PTR later on, so it must have size identical to size of pointer
// This is not the universally portable solution but good enough for Win32/64
C_ASSERT(sizeof(void*) == sizeof(ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1]));
switch (ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0]) {
case 0:
fprintf(outputFile, "reading from 0x%p",
reinterpret_cast<void*>(ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1]));
break;
case 1:
fprintf(outputFile, "writing to 0x%p",
reinterpret_cast<void*>(ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1]));
break;
case 8:
fprintf(outputFile, "data execution prevention at 0x%p",
reinterpret_cast<void*>(ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1]));
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/*
* Any evaluation of the exception needs to be done here!
*/
int filterException(FILE *outputFile, int code, PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ex)
{
fputs("Internal error: ", outputFile);
switch (ex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode) {
case EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION:
writeMemoryErrorDetails(outputFile, ex, "Access violation");
break;
case EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED:
fputs("Out of array bounds", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT:
fputs("Breakpoint", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT:
fputs("Misaligned data", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND:
fputs("Denormalized floating-point value", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
fputs("Floating-point divide-by-zero", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT:
fputs("Inexact floating-point value", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION:
fputs("Invalid floating-point operation", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW:
fputs("Floating-point overflow", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK:
fputs("Floating-point stack overflow", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW:
fputs("Floating-point underflow", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_GUARD_PAGE:
fputs("Page-guard access", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION:
fputs("Illegal instruction", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR:
writeMemoryErrorDetails(outputFile, ex, "Invalid page access");
break;
case EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
fputs("Integer divide-by-zero", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW:
fputs("Integer overflow", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION:
fputs("Invalid exception dispatcher", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_INVALID_HANDLE:
fputs("Invalid handle", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION:
fputs("Non-continuable exception", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION:
fputs("Invalid instruction", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP:
fputs("Single instruction step", outputFile);
break;
case EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW:
fputs("Stack overflow", outputFile);
break;
default:
fprintf(outputFile, "Unknown exception (%d)\n",
code);
break;
}
fputc('\n', outputFile);
printCallstack(outputFile, ex);
fputs("Please report this to the cppcheck developers!\n", outputFile);
fflush(outputFile);
return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
}
}
namespace internal
{
int filter_seh_exeception(int code, void* ex)
{
return filterException(sehOutput, code, static_cast<PEXCEPTION_POINTERS>(ex));
}
}
#endif
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