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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="getchar.html" title="c/io/getchar"><span class="t-lines"><span>getchar</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="gets.html" title="c/io/gets"><span class="t-lines"><span>gets</span><span>gets_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-c11">(until C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(since C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="putchar.html" title="c/io/putchar"><span class="t-lines"><span>putchar</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="puts.html" title="c/io/puts"><span class="t-lines"><span>puts</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="ungetc.html" title="c/io/ungetc"><span class="t-lines"><span>ungetc</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fgetwc.html" title="c/io/fgetwc"><span class="t-lines"><span>fgetwc</span><span>getwc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fgetws.html" title="c/io/fgetws"><span class="t-lines"><span>fgetws</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fputwc.html" title="c/io/fputwc"><span class="t-lines"><span>fputwc</span><span>putwc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fputws.html" title="c/io/fputws"><span class="t-lines"><span>fputws</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="getwchar.html" title="c/io/getwchar"><span class="t-lines"><span>getwchar</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="putwchar.html" title="c/io/putwchar"><span class="t-lines"><span>putwchar</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="ungetwc.html" title="c/io/ungetwc"><span class="t-lines"><span>ungetwc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Formatted input</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fscanf.html" title="c/io/fscanf"><span class="t-lines"><span>scanf</span><span>fscanf</span><span>sscanf</span><span>scanf_s</span><span>fscanf_s</span><span>sscanf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fwscanf.html" title="c/io/fwscanf"><span class="t-lines"><span>wscanf</span><span>fwscanf</span><span>swscanf</span><span>wscanf_s</span><span>fwscanf_s</span><span>swscanf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="vfscanf.html" title="c/io/vfscanf"><span class="t-lines"><span>vscanf</span><span>vfscanf</span><span>vsscanf</span><span>vscanf_s</span><span>vfscanf_s</span><span>vsscanf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="vfwscanf.html" title="c/io/vfwscanf"><span class="t-lines"><span>vwscanf</span><span>vfwscanf</span><span>vswscanf</span><span>vwscanf_s</span><span>vfwscanf_s</span><span>vswscanf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Formatted output</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fprintf.html" title="c/io/fprintf"><span class="t-lines"><span>printf</span><span>fprintf</span><span>sprintf</span><span>snprintf</span><span>printf_s</span><span>fprintf_s</span><span>sprintf_s</span><span>snprintf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fwprintf.html" title="c/io/fwprintf"><span class="t-lines"><span>wprintf</span><span>fwprintf</span><span>swprintf</span><span>wprintf_s</span><span>fwprintf_s</span><span>swprintf_s</span><span>snwprintf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="vfprintf.html" title="c/io/vfprintf"><span class="t-lines"><span>vprintf</span><span>vfprintf</span><span>vsprintf</span><span>vsnprintf</span><span>vprintf_s</span><span>vfprintf_s</span><span>vsprintf_s</span><span>vsnprintf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="vfwprintf.html" title="c/io/vfwprintf"><span class="t-lines"><span>vwprintf</span><span>vfwprintf</span><span>vswprintf</span><span>vwprintf_s</span><span>vfwprintf_s</span><span>vswprintf_s</span><span>vsnwprintf_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<p><br />
</p>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> File positioning</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="ftell.html" title="c/io/ftell"><span class="t-lines"><span>ftell</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fgetpos.html" title="c/io/fgetpos"><span class="t-lines"><span>fgetpos</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fseek.html" title="c/io/fseek"><span class="t-lines"><span>fseek</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="fsetpos.html" title="c/io/fsetpos"><span class="t-lines"><span>fsetpos</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="rewind.html" title="c/io/rewind"><span class="t-lines"><span>rewind</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Error handling</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="clearerr.html" title="c/io/clearerr"><span class="t-lines"><span>clearerr</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="feof.html" title="c/io/feof"><span class="t-lines"><span>feof</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="ferror.html" title="c/io/ferror"><span class="t-lines"><span>ferror</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="perror.html" title="c/io/perror"><span class="t-lines"><span>perror</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Operations on files</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="remove.html" title="c/io/remove"><span class="t-lines"><span>remove</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="rename.html" title="c/io/rename"><span class="t-lines"><span>rename</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="tmpfile.html" title="c/io/tmpfile"><span class="t-lines"><span>tmpfile</span><span>tmpfile_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="tmpnam.html" title="c/io/tmpnam"><span class="t-lines"><span>tmpnam</span><span>tmpnam_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div><span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/io/navbar_content&action=edit">[edit]</a></span></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td> <div>Defined in header <code><stdio.h></code>
</div></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num"><tr class="t-dcl-rev-aux">
<td></td>
<td rowspan="142">(1)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-until-c99">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><a href="../io.html"><span class="kw883">FILE</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>fopen<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>filename, <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>mode <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark">(until C99)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><a href="../io.html"><span class="kw883">FILE</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>fopen<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> filename, <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> mode <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody><tbody>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-c11">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">errno_t fopen_s<span class="br0">(</span><a href="../io.html"><span class="kw883">FILE</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> streamptr,<br />
<p>                <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> filename,<br />
</p>
                <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> mode<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (2) </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(since C11)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> Opens a file indicated by <code>filename</code> and returns a pointer to the file stream associated with that file. <code>mode</code> is used to determine the file access mode. </div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> Same as <span class="t-v">(1)</span>, except that the pointer to the file stream is written to <code>streamptr</code> and the following errors are detected at runtime and call the currently installed <a href="../error/set_constraint_handler_s.html" title="c/error/set constraint handler s">constraint handler</a> function:
<dl><dd><ul><li> <code>streamptr</code> is a null pointer
</li><li> <code>filename</code> is a null pointer
</li><li> <code>mode</code> is a null pointer
</li></ul>
</dd><dd>As all bounds-checked functions, <code>fopen_s</code> is only guaranteed to be available if <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> is defined by the implementation and if the user defines <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> to the integer constant <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> before including <code><stdio.h></code>.</div>
</dd></dl>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="fopen.html#Parameters"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Parameters</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="fopen.html#Return_value"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Return value</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="fopen.html#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="fopen.html#Example"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="fopen.html#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="fopen.html#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/io/fopen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Parameters">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Parameters">Parameters</span></h3>
<table class="t-par-begin">
<tr class="t-par">
<td> filename
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> file name to associate the file stream to
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td> mode
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> null-terminated character string determining file access mode
<table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th> File access <br />mode string
</th>
<th> Meaning
</th>
<th> Explanation
</th>
<th> Action if file <br /> already exists
</th>
<th> Action if file <br /> does not exist
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>"r"</code>
</td>
<td> read
</td>
<td> Open a file for reading
</td>
<td> read from start
</td>
<td> failure to open
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>"w"</code>
</td>
<td> write
</td>
<td> Create a file for writing
</td>
<td> destroy contents
</td>
<td> create new
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>"a"</code>
</td>
<td> append
</td>
<td> Append to a file
</td>
<td> write to end
</td>
<td> create new
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>"r+"</code>
</td>
<td> read extended
</td>
<td> Open a file for read/write
</td>
<td> read from start
</td>
<td> error
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>"w+"</code>
</td>
<td> write extended
</td>
<td> Create a file for read/write
</td>
<td> destroy contents
</td>
<td> create new
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>"a+"</code>
</td>
<td> append extended
</td>
<td> Open a file for read/write
</td>
<td> write to end
</td>
<td> create new
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5"> File access mode flag <code>"b"</code> can optionally be specified to open a file in binary mode. This flag has effect only on Windows systems. <br /> On the append file access modes, data is written to the end of the file regardless of the current position of the file position indicator.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5"> When a file is opened with update mode ('+' as the second or third character in the above list of mode argument values), both input and output may be performed on the associated stream. However, output shall not be directly followed by input without an intervening call to the <span class="t-lc"><a href="fflush.html" title="c/io/fflush">fflush</a></span> function or to a file positioning function (<span class="t-lc"><a href="fseek.html" title="c/io/fseek">fseek</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="fsetpos.html" title="c/io/fsetpos">fsetpos</a></span>, or <span class="t-lc"><a href="rewind.html" title="c/io/rewind">rewind</a></span>), and input shall not be directly followed by output without an intervening call to a file positioning function, unless the input operation encounters end- of-file. Opening (or creating) a text file with update mode may instead open (or create) a binary stream in some implementations.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5"> File access mode flag <code>"x"</code> can optionally be appended to "w" or "w+" specifiers. This flag forces the function to fail if the file exists, instead of overwriting it. <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5"> When using <code>fopen_s</code> or <code>freopen_s</code>, file access permissions for any file created with "w" or "a" prevents other users from accessing it. File access mode flag <code>"u"</code> can optionally be prepended to any specifier that begins with "w" or "a", to enable the default <code>fopen</code> permissions. <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span>
</td></tr></table>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td> streamptr
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td> pointer to a pointer where the function stores the result (an out-parameter)
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/io/fopen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Return value">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Return_value">Return value</span></h3>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> If successful, returns a pointer to the new file stream. The stream is fully buffered unless <code>filename</code> refers to an interactive device. On error, returns a <span class="t-lc">null pointer</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fopen.html">POSIX requires</a> that <span class="t-lc"><a href="../error/errno.html" title="c/error/errno">errno</a></span> is set in this case.</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span>
If successful, returns zero and a pointer to the new file stream is written to <code>*streamptr</code>. On error, returns a non-zero error code and writes the null pointer to <code>*streamptr</code> (unless <code>streamptr</code> is a null pointer itself).</div>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/io/fopen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span></h3>
<p>The format of <code>filename</code> is implementation-defined, and does not necessarily refer to a file (e.g. it may be the console or another device accessible though filesystem API). On platforms that support them, <code>filename</code> may include absolute or relative filesystem path.
</p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/io/fopen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Example">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Example">Example</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <stdio.h></span>
<span class="co2">#include <stdlib.h></span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
<a href="../io.html"><span class="kw883">FILE</span></a><span class="sy2">*</span> fp <span class="sy1">=</span> fopen<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test.txt"</span>, <span class="st0">"r"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw1">if</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">!</span>fp<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
<a href="perror.html"><span class="kw878">perror</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"File opening failed"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw1">return</span> <a href="../program/EXIT_status.html"><span class="kw494">EXIT_FAILURE</span></a><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> c<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// note: int, not char, required to handle EOF</span>
<span class="kw1">while</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">(</span>c <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="fgetc.html"><span class="kw826">fgetc</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>fp<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="../io.html"><span class="kw888">EOF</span></a><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="co1">// standard C I/O file reading loop</span>
<a href="putchar.html"><span class="kw834">putchar</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>c<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span>
 
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span><a href="ferror.html"><span class="kw877">ferror</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>fp<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<a href="puts.html"><span class="kw835">puts</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"I/O error when reading"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw1">else</span> <span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span><a href="feof.html"><span class="kw876">feof</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>fp<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<a href="puts.html"><span class="kw835">puts</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"End of file reached successfully"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
<a href="fclose.html"><span class="kw821">fclose</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>fp<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p><br />
</p>
</div>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/io/fopen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.21.5.3 The fopen function (p: 305-306)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> K.3.5.2.1 The fopen_s function (p: 588-590)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.19.5.3 The fopen function (p: 271-272)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.9.5.3 The fopen function
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/io/fopen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="fclose.html" title="c/io/fclose"> <span class="t-lines"><span>fclose</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td> closes a file <br /> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> <span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/io/dsc_fclose&action=edit">[edit]</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="fflush.html" title="c/io/fflush"> <span class="t-lines"><span>fflush</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td> synchronizes an output stream with the actual file <br /> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> <span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/io/dsc_fflush&action=edit">[edit]</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="freopen.html" title="c/io/freopen"> <span class="t-lines"><span>freopen</span><span>freopen_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> open an existing stream with a different name <br /> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> <span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/io/dsc_freopen&action=edit">[edit]</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td colspan="2"> <div class="t-dsc-see"><span><a href="../../cpp/io/c/fopen.html" title="cpp/io/c/fopen">C++ documentation</a></span> for <span class="t-dsc-see-tt"><span>fopen</span></span></div>
</td></tr>
</table></div>
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