1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs">
<head>
<title>Replacing text macros - cppreference.com</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.21.2" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit" />
<link rel="edit" title="Edit" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../../favicon.ico" />
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="../../../mwiki/opensearch_desc.php" title="cppreference.com (en)" />
<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/api.php?action=rsd" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="cppreference.com Atom feed" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../mwiki/load.php%3Fdebug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.ColiruCompiler%257Cext.rtlcite%257Cmediawiki.legacy.commonPrint%252Cshared%257Cskins.cppreference2&only=styles&skin=cppreference2&*.css" />
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../mwiki/load.php%3Fdebug=false&lang=en&modules=site&only=styles&skin=cppreference2&*.css" />
<style>a:lang(ar),a:lang(ckb),a:lang(fa),a:lang(kk-arab),a:lang(mzn),a:lang(ps),a:lang(ur){text-decoration:none}#toc{display:none}.editsection{display:none}
/* cache key: mwiki1-mwiki_en_:resourceloader:filter:minify-css:7:472787eddcf4605d11de8c7ef047234f */</style>
<script src="../../../mwiki/load.php%3Fdebug=false&lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&skin=cppreference2&*"></script>
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.config.set({"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"c/preprocessor/replace","wgTitle":"c/preprocessor/replace","wgCurRevisionId":79084,"wgArticleId":12671,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgMonthNamesShort":["","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"wgRelevantPageName":"c/preprocessor/replace","wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[]});
}</script><script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.implement("user.options",function(){mw.user.options.set({"ccmeonemails":0,"cols":80,"date":"default","diffonly":0,"disablemail":0,"disablesuggest":0,"editfont":"default","editondblclick":0,"editsection":0,"editsectiononrightclick":0,"enotifminoredits":0,"enotifrevealaddr":0,"enotifusertalkpages":1,"enotifwatchlistpages":0,"extendwatchlist":0,"externaldiff":0,"externaleditor":0,"fancysig":0,"forceeditsummary":0,"gender":"unknown","hideminor":0,"hidepatrolled":0,"imagesize":2,"justify":0,"math":1,"minordefault":0,"newpageshidepatrolled":0,"nocache":0,"noconvertlink":0,"norollbackdiff":0,"numberheadings":0,"previewonfirst":0,"previewontop":1,"quickbar":5,"rcdays":7,"rclimit":50,"rememberpassword":0,"rows":25,"searchlimit":20,"showhiddencats":0,"showjumplinks":1,"shownumberswatching":1,"showtoc":0,"showtoolbar":1,"skin":"cppreference2","stubthreshold":0,"thumbsize":2,"underline":2,"uselivepreview":0,"usenewrc":0,"watchcreations":0,"watchdefault":0,"watchdeletion":0,
"watchlistdays":3,"watchlisthideanons":0,"watchlisthidebots":0,"watchlisthideliu":0,"watchlisthideminor":0,"watchlisthideown":0,"watchlisthidepatrolled":0,"watchmoves":0,"wllimit":250,"variant":"en","language":"en","searchNs0":true,"searchNs1":false,"searchNs2":false,"searchNs3":false,"searchNs4":false,"searchNs5":false,"searchNs6":false,"searchNs7":false,"searchNs8":false,"searchNs9":false,"searchNs10":false,"searchNs11":false,"searchNs12":false,"searchNs13":false,"searchNs14":false,"searchNs15":false,"gadget-ColiruCompiler":1});;},{},{});mw.loader.implement("user.tokens",function(){mw.user.tokens.set({"editToken":"+\\","patrolToken":false,"watchToken":false});;},{},{});
/* cache key: mwiki1-mwiki_en_:resourceloader:filter:minify-js:7:ca03345b1e2c4d90a25d968753a73b92 */
}</script>
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.legacy.wikibits","mediawiki.legacy.ajax"]);
}</script>
<style type="text/css">/*<![CDATA[*/
.source-c {line-height: normal;}
.source-c li, .source-c pre {
line-height: normal; border: 0px none white;
}
/**
* GeSHi Dynamically Generated Stylesheet
* --------------------------------------
* Dynamically generated stylesheet for c
* CSS class: source-c, CSS id:
* GeSHi (C) 2004 - 2007 Nigel McNie, 2007 - 2008 Benny Baumann
* (http://qbnz.com/highlighter/ and http://geshi.org/)
* --------------------------------------
*/
.c.source-c .de1, .c.source-c .de2 {font: normal normal 1em/1.2em monospace; margin:0; padding:0; background:none; vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c {font-family:monospace;}
.c.source-c .imp {font-weight: bold; color: red;}
.c.source-c li, .c.source-c .li1 {font-weight: normal; vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c .ln {width:1px;text-align:right;margin:0;padding:0 2px;vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c .li2 {font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c .kw1 {color: #0000dd;}
.c.source-c .kw2 {color: #0000ff;}
.c.source-c .kw3 {color: #0000dd;}
.c.source-c .kw4 {color: #0000ff;}
.c.source-c .co1 {color: #909090;}
.c.source-c .co2 {color: #339900;}
.c.source-c .coMULTI {color: #ff0000; font-style: italic;}
.c.source-c .es0 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es1 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es2 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es3 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es4 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es5 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .br0 {color: #008000;}
.c.source-c .sy0 {color: #008000;}
.c.source-c .sy1 {color: #000080;}
.c.source-c .sy2 {color: #000040;}
.c.source-c .sy3 {color: #000040;}
.c.source-c .sy4 {color: #008080;}
.c.source-c .st0 {color: #008000;}
.c.source-c .nu0 {color: #000080;}
.c.source-c .nu6 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu8 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu12 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu16 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu17 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu18 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu19 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .ln-xtra, .c.source-c li.ln-xtra, .c.source-c div.ln-xtra {background-color: #ffc;}
.c.source-c span.xtra { display:block; }
/*]]>*/
</style><style type="text/css">/*<![CDATA[*/
.source-text {line-height: normal;}
.source-text li, .source-text pre {
line-height: normal; border: 0px none white;
}
/**
* GeSHi Dynamically Generated Stylesheet
* --------------------------------------
* Dynamically generated stylesheet for text
* CSS class: source-text, CSS id:
* GeSHi (C) 2004 - 2007 Nigel McNie, 2007 - 2008 Benny Baumann
* (http://qbnz.com/highlighter/ and http://geshi.org/)
* --------------------------------------
*/
.text.source-text .de1, .text.source-text .de2 {font: normal normal 1em/1.2em monospace; margin:0; padding:0; background:none; vertical-align:top;}
.text.source-text {font-family:monospace;}
.text.source-text .imp {font-weight: bold; color: red;}
.text.source-text li, .text.source-text .li1 {font-weight: normal; vertical-align:top;}
.text.source-text .ln {width:1px;text-align:right;margin:0;padding:0 2px;vertical-align:top;}
.text.source-text .li2 {font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;}
.text.source-text .ln-xtra, .text.source-text li.ln-xtra, .text.source-text div.ln-xtra {background-color: #ffc;}
.text.source-text span.xtra { display:block; }
/*]]>*/
</style><!--[if lt IE 7]><style type="text/css">body{behavior:url("/mwiki/skins/cppreference2/csshover.min.htc")}</style><![endif]--></head>
<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-c_preprocessor_replace skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
<!-- header -->
<div id="mw-head" class="noprint">
<div id="cpp-head-first-base">
<div id="cpp-head-first">
<h5><a href="../../../index.html">
cppreference.com </a></h5>
<div id="cpp-head-search">
<!-- 0 -->
<div id="p-search">
<h5><label for="searchInput">Search</label></h5>
<form action="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" id="searchform">
<input type='hidden' name="title" value="Special:Search"/>
<div id="simpleSearch">
<input name="search" title="Search cppreference.com [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" /> <button type="submit" name="button" title="Search the pages for this text" id="searchButton"><img src="../../../mwiki/skins/cppreference2/images/search-ltr.png%3F303" alt="Search" /></button> </div>
</form>
</div>
<!-- /0 -->
</div>
<div id="cpp-head-personal">
<!-- 0 -->
<div id="p-personal" class="">
<span id="pt-createaccount"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=c%2Fpreprocessor%2Freplace&type=signup">Create account</a></span> <div class="menu">
<ul>
<li id="pt-login"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=c%2Fpreprocessor%2Freplace" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o">Log in</a></li> </ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /0 -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="cpp-head-second-base">
<div id="cpp-head-second">
<div id="cpp-head-tools-left">
<!-- 0 -->
<div id="p-namespaces" class="vectorTabs">
<h5>Namespaces</h5>
<ul>
<li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected"><span><a href="replace.html" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Page</a></span></li>
<li id="ca-talk"><span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Talk:c/preprocessor/replace" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Discussion</a></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- /0 -->
<!-- 1 -->
<div id="p-variants" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet">
<h5><span>Variants</span><a href="replace.html#"></a></h5>
<div class="menu">
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /1 -->
</div>
<div id="cpp-head-tools-right">
<!-- 0 -->
<div id="p-views" class="vectorTabs">
<h5>Views</h5>
<ul>
<li id="ca-view" class="selected"><span><a href="replace.html" >View</a></span></li>
<li id="ca-edit"><span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit" title="You can edit this page. Please use the preview button before saving [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></span></li>
<li id="ca-history" class="collapsible"><span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">History</a></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- /0 -->
<!-- 1 -->
<div id="p-cactions" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet">
<h5><span>Actions</span><a href="replace.html#"></a></h5>
<div class="menu">
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /1 -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /header -->
<!-- content -->
<div id="cpp-content-base">
<div id="content">
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;"></div>
<!-- firstHeading -->
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">Replacing text macros</h1>
<!-- /firstHeading -->
<!-- bodyContent -->
<div id="bodyContent">
<!-- tagline -->
<div id="siteSub">From cppreference.com</div>
<!-- /tagline -->
<!-- subtitle -->
<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="../../c.html" title="c">c</a>‎ | <a href="../preprocessor.html" title="c/preprocessor">preprocessor</a></span></div>
<!-- /subtitle -->
<!-- bodycontent -->
<div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="t-navbar" style=""><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="../../c.html" title="c"> C</a><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1.1em;">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language.1.html" title="c/language"> Language</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../header.html" title="c/header"> headers</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../types.html" title="c/types"> Type support</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../memory.html" title="c/memory"> Dynamic memory management</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../error.html" title="c/error"> Error handling</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../program.html" title="c/program"> Program utilities</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../variadic.html" title="c/variadic"> Variadic function support</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../chrono.html" title="c/chrono"> Date and time utilities</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../string.html" title="c/string"> Strings library</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../algorithm.html" title="c/algorithm"> Algorithms</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../numeric.html" title="c/numeric"> Numerics</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../io.html" title="c/io"> Input/output support</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../locale.html" title="c/locale"> Localization support</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../thread.html" title="c/thread"> Thread support</a> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../atomic.html" title="c/atomic"> Atomic operations</a> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../experimental.html" title="c/experimental"><span class="t-lines"><span>Technical Specifications</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div><span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/navbar_content&action=edit">[edit]</a></span></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="../language.1.html" title="c/language"> C language</a><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/ascii.html" title="c/language/ascii"><span class="t-lines"><span>ASCII chart</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language/basic_concepts.html" title="c/language/basic concepts">Basic concepts</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/translation_phases.html" title="c/language/translation phases"><span class="t-lines"><span>translation phases</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../comment.html" title="c/comment"><span class="t-lines"><span>comment</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/identifier.html" title="c/language/identifier"><span class="t-lines"><span>identifier</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/scope.html" title="c/language/scope"><span class="t-lines"><span>scope</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/lifetime.html" title="c/language/lifetime"><span class="t-lines"><span>lifetime</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/name_space.html" title="c/language/name space"><span class="t-lines"><span>name space</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/compatible_type.html" title="c/language/type"><span class="t-lines"><span>type</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/arithmetic_types.html" title="c/language/arithmetic types"><span class="t-lines"><span>arithmetic types</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/object.html" title="c/language/object"><span class="t-lines"><span>object</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/main_function.html" title="c/language/main function"><span class="t-lines"><span>main function</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/memory_model.html" title="c/language/memory model"><span class="t-lines"><span>memory model</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../keyword.html" title="c/keyword"> Keywords</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../preprocessor.html" title="c/preprocessor"> Preprocessor</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language/statements.html" title="c/language/statements"> Statements</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language/expressions.html" title="c/language/expressions"> Expressions</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language/initialization.html" title="c/language/initialization"> Initialization</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language/declarations.html" title="c/language/declarations"> Declarations</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language/functions.html" title="c/language/functions"> Functions</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Miscellaneous</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="../language/history.html" title="c/language/history"><span class="t-lines"><span>history of C</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../experimental.html" title="c/experimental">Technical Specifications</a> </td></tr>
</table></div><div><span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/language/navbar_content&action=edit">[edit]</a></span></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="../preprocessor.html" title="c/preprocessor"> Preprocessor</a><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="conditional.html" title="c/preprocessor/conditional"><span class="t-lines"><span>#if</span><span>#ifdef</span><span>#ifndef</span><span>#else</span><span>#elif</span><span>#endif</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>#define</span><span>#undef</span><span>#,## operators</span></span></strong></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="include.html" title="c/preprocessor/include"><span class="t-lines"><span>#include</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error.html" title="c/preprocessor/error"><span class="t-lines"><span>#error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="impl.html" title="c/preprocessor/impl"><span class="t-lines"><span>#pragma</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="line.html" title="c/preprocessor/line"><span class="t-lines"><span>#line</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div><span class="editsection noprint plainlinks" title="Edit this template"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/preprocessor/navbar_content&action=edit">[edit]</a></span></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<p>The preprocessor supports text macro replacement and function-like text macro replacement.
</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="replace.html#Syntax"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Syntax</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="replace.html#Explanation"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Explanation</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="replace.html#.23define_directives"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">#define directives</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="replace.html#Object-like_macros"><span class="tocnumber">2.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Object-like macros</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="replace.html#Function-like_macros"><span class="tocnumber">2.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Function-like macros</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="replace.html#.23_and_.23.23_operators"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext"># and ## operators</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="replace.html#.23undef_directive"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">#undef directive</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="replace.html#Predefined_macros"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Predefined macros</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="replace.html#Example"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="replace.html#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="replace.html#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Syntax">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Syntax">Syntax</span></h3>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">
<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>#define</b></code> <span class="t-spar">identifier</span> <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span><span class="t-mark">(optional)</span>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>#define</b></code> <span class="t-spar">identifier</span><code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">parameters</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>#define</b></code> <span class="t-spar">identifier</span><code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">parameters</span><code><b>, ... )</b></code> <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>#define</b></code> <span class="t-spar">identifier</span><code><b>( ... )</b></code> <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>
</td>
<td> (4)
</td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>#undef </b></code> <span class="t-spar">identifier</span>
</td>
<td> (5)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Explanation">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Explanation">Explanation</span></h3>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: #define directives">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id=".23define_directives"><code>#define</code> directives</span></h4>
<p>The <code>#define</code> directives define the <span class="t-spar">identifier</span> as a macro, that is they instruct the compiler to replace all successive occurrences of <span class="t-spar">identifier</span> with <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>, which can be optionally additionally processed. If the identifier is already defined as any type of macro, the program is ill-formed unless the definitions are identical.
</p>
<h5><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Object-like macros">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Object-like_macros">Object-like macros</span></h5>
<p>Object-like macros replace every occurrence of a defined <span class="t-spar">identifier</span> with <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>. Version (1) of the <code>#define</code> directive behaves exactly like that.
</p>
<h5><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Function-like macros">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Function-like_macros">Function-like macros</span></h5>
<p>Function-like macros replace each occurrence of a defined <span class="t-spar">identifier</span> with <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>, additionally taking a number of arguments, which then replace corresponding occurrences of any of the <span class="t-spar">parameters</span> in the <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span>. The number of arguments must be the same as the number of arguments in the macro definition (<span class="t-spar">parameters</span>) or the program is ill-formed. If the identifier is not in functional-notation, i.e. does not have parentheses after itself, it is not replaced at all.
</p><p>Version (2) of the <code>#define</code> directive defines a simple function-like macro.
</p><p>Version (3) of the <code>#define</code> directive defines a function-like macro with variable number of arguments. The additional arguments can be accessed using <code>__VA_ARGS__</code> identifier, which is then replaced with arguments, supplied with the identifier to be replaced.
</p><p>Version (4) of the <code>#define</code> directive defines a function-like macro with variable number of arguments, but no regular arguments. The arguments can be accessed only with <code>__VA_ARGS__</code> identifier, which is then replaced with arguments, supplied with identifier to be replaced.
</p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: # and ## operators">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id=".23_and_.23.23_operators"><code>#</code> and <code>##</code> operators</span></h4>
<p>In function-like macros, a <code>#</code> operator before an identifier in the <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span> runs the identifier through parameter replacement and encloses the result in quotes, effectively creating a string literal. In addition, the preprocessor adds backslashes to escape the quotes surrounding embedded string literals, if any, and doubles the backslashes within the string as necessary. All leading and trailing whitespace is removed, and any sequence of whitespace in the middle of the text (but not inside embedded string literals) is collapsed to a single space. This operation is called "stringification". If the result of stringification is not a valid string literal, the behavior is undefined.
</p>
<table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-c99"><td>
<p>When <code>#</code> appears before <code>__VA_ARGS__</code>, the entire expanded __VA_ARGS__ is enclosed in quotes:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#define showlist(...) puts(#__VA_ARGS__)</span>
showlist<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// expands to puts("")</span>
showlist<span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">1</span>, <span class="st0">"x"</span>, <span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// expands to puts("1, \"x\", int")</span></pre></div></div>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p>A <code>##</code> operator between any two successive identifiers in the <span class="t-spar">replacement-list</span> runs parameter replacement on the two identifiers and then concatenates the result. This operation is called "concatenation" or "token pasting". Only tokens that form a valid token together may be pasted: identifiers that form a longer identifier, digits that form a number, or operators <code>+</code> and <code>=</code> that form a <code>+=</code>. A comment cannot be created by pasting <code>/</code> and <code>*</code> because comments are removed from text before macro substitution is considered. If the result of concatenation is not a valid token, the behavior is undefined.
</p><p>Note: some compilers offer an extension that allows ## to appear after a comma and before __VA_ARGS__, in which case the ## does nothing when __VA_ARGS__ is non-empty, but removes the comma when __VA_ARGS__ is empty: this makes it possible to define macros such as <code>fprintf (stderr, format, ##__VA_ARGS__)</code>
</p>
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: #undef directive">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id=".23undef_directive"><code>#undef</code> directive</span></h4>
<p>The <code>#undef</code> directive undefines the <span class="t-spar">identifier</span>, that is it cancels the previous definition of the <span class="t-spar">identifier</span> by <code>#define</code> directive. If the identifier does not have an associated macro, the directive is ignored.
</p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Predefined macros">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Predefined_macros">Predefined macros</span></h3>
<p>The following macro names are predefined in any translation unit:
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC__</span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to the integer constant <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span>. This macro is intended to indicate a conforming implementation <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_VERSION__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to an integer constant of type <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">long</span></span></span> whose value increases with each version of the C standard:
<ul><li> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">199409L</span></span></span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span>
</li><li> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">199901L</span></span></span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span>
</li><li> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">201112L</span></span></span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_HOSTED__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to the integer constant <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if the implementation is hosted (runs under an OS), <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">0</span></span></span> if freestanding (runs without an OS) <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__FILE__</span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to the name of the current file, as a character string literal, can be changed by the <a href="line.html" title="c/preprocessor/line">#line</a> directive <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__LINE__</span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to the source file line number, an integer constant, can be changed by the <a href="line.html" title="c/preprocessor/line">#line</a> directive <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__DATE__</span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to the date of translation, a character string literal of the form "Mmm dd yyyy". The name of the month is as if generated by <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><a href="../chrono/asctime.html"><span class="kw515">asctime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__TIME__</span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to the time of translation, a character string literal of the form "hh:mm:ss", as in the time generated by <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><a href="../chrono/asctime.html"><span class="kw515">asctime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The following additional macro names may be predefined by an implementation:
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_ISO_10646__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to an integer constant of the form <code>yyyymmL</code>, if <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span></span></span> uses Unicode, the date indicates the latest revision of Unicode supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_IEC_559__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if IEC 60559 is supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_IEC_559_COMPLEX__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if IEC 60559 complex arithmetic is supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_UTF_16__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">char16_t</span></span> use UTF-16 encoding <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_UTF_32__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">char32_t</span></span> use UTF-32 encoding <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_MB_MIGHT_NEQ_WC__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if wide character encoding of the basic character set may not equal their narrow encoding <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_ANALYZABLE__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <a href="../language/analyzability.html" title="c/language/analyzability">analyzability</a> is supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_LIB_EXT1__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to an integer constant <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">201112L</span></span></span> if <a href="../error.html" title="c/error">bounds-checking interfaces</a> are supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_NO_ATOMICS__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <a href="../language/atomic.html" title="c/language/atomic">atomic</a> types and <a href="../atomic.html" title="c/atomic">atomic operations library</a> are not supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_NO_COMPLEX__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <a href="../language/arithmetic_types.html#Complex_floating_types" title="c/language/arithmetic types">complex types</a> and <a href="../numeric/complex.html" title="c/numeric/complex">complex math library</a> are not supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_NO_THREADS__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <a href="../thread.html" title="c/thread">multithreading</a> is not supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td> <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>__STDC_NO_VLA__</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td> expands to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> if <a href="../language/array.html#Variable-length_arrays" title="c/language/array">variable-length arrays</a> are not supported <br /> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span>
</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The values of these macros (except for <code>__FILE__</code> and <code>__LINE__</code>) remain constant throughout the translation unit. Attempts to redefine or undefine these macros result in undefined behavior.
</p>
<table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-c99"><td>
<p>The predefined variable <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__func__</span></span> (see <a href="../language/function_definition.html#func" title="c/language/function definition">function definition</a> for details) is not a preprocessor macro, even though it is sometimes used together with <code>__FILE__</code> and <code>__LINE__</code>, e.g. by <span class="t-lc"><a href="../error/assert.html" title="c/error/assert">assert</a></span>.
</p>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Example">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Example">Example</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <stdio.h></span>
 
<span class="co1">//make function factory and use it</span>
<span class="co2">#define FUNCTION(name, a) int fun_##name(int x) { return (a)*x;}</span>
 
FUNCTION<span class="br0">(</span>quadruple, <span class="nu0">4</span><span class="br0">)</span>
FUNCTION<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">double</span>, <span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">)</span>
 
<span class="co2">#undef FUNCTION</span>
<span class="co2">#define FUNCTION 34</span>
<span class="co2">#define OUTPUT(a) puts( #a )</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
<a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"quadruple(13): %d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, fun_quadruple<span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">13</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"double(21): %d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, fun_double<span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">21</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, FUNCTION<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
OUTPUT<span class="br0">(</span>million<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">//note the lack of quotes</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>Output:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">quadruple(13): 52
double(21): 42
34
million</pre></div></div>
</div>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.10.3 Macro replacement (p: 166-173)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.10.8 Predefined macro names (p: 175-176)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.10.3 Macro replacement (p: 151-158)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.10.8 Predefined macro names (p: 160-161)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 3.8.3 Macro replacement
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 3.8.8 Predefined macro names
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td colspan="2"> <div class="t-dsc-see"><span><a href="../../cpp/preprocessor/replace.html" title="cpp/preprocessor/replace">C++ documentation</a></span> for <span class="t-dsc-see-tt"><span>Replacing text macros</span></span></div>
</td></tr>
</table></div>
</div>
<!--
NewPP limit report
Preprocessor visited node count: 4787/1000000
Preprocessor generated node count: 8181/1000000
Post‐expand include size: 99243/2097152 bytes
Template argument size: 31767/2097152 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 15/40
Expensive parser function count: 0/100
-->
<!-- Saved in parser cache with key mwiki1-mwiki_en_:pcache:idhash:12671-0!*!0!!en!*!* and timestamp 20150825012145 -->
</div> <!-- /bodycontent -->
<!-- printfooter -->
<div class="printfooter">
Retrieved from "<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&oldid=79084">http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&oldid=79084</a>" </div>
<!-- /printfooter -->
<!-- catlinks -->
<div id='catlinks' class='catlinks catlinks-allhidden'></div> <!-- /catlinks -->
<div class="visualClear"></div>
<!-- debughtml -->
<!-- /debughtml -->
</div>
<!-- /bodyContent -->
</div>
</div>
<!-- /content -->
<!-- footer -->
<div id="cpp-footer-base" class="noprint">
<div id="footer">
<div id="cpp-navigation">
<h5>Navigation</h5>
<ul>
<li id="n-Support-us"><a href="http://www.cppreference.com/support" rel="nofollow">Support us</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-FAQ"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li id="n-Offline-version"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:Archives">Offline version</a></li> </ul>
</div>
<div id="cpp-toolbox">
<h5><span>Toolbox</span><a href="replace.html#"></a></h5>
<ul>
<li id="t-whatlinkshere"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Special:WhatLinksHere/c/preprocessor/replace" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Special:RecentChangesLinked/c/preprocessor/replace" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload"><a href="http://upload.cppreference.com/w/Special:Upload" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-print"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&printable=yes" rel="alternate" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li><li id="t-permalink"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&oldid=79084" title="Permanent link to this revision of the page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/preprocessor/replace&action=info">Page information</a></li> </ul>
</div>
<div id="cpp-languages">
<div><ul><li>In other languages</li></ul></div>
<div><ul>
<li class="interwiki-ar"><a href="http://ar.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="ar" hreflang="ar">العربية</a></li><li class="interwiki-cs"><a href="http://cs.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="cs" hreflang="cs">Česky</a></li><li class="interwiki-de"><a href="http://de.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="de" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interwiki-es"><a href="http://es.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="es" hreflang="es">Español</a></li><li class="interwiki-fr"><a href="http://fr.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="fr" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li><li class="interwiki-it"><a href="http://it.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="it" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li><li class="interwiki-ja"><a href="http://ja.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="ja" hreflang="ja">日本語</a></li><li class="interwiki-ko"><a href="http://ko.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="ko" hreflang="ko">한국어</a></li><li class="interwiki-pl"><a href="http://pl.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="pl" hreflang="pl">Polski</a></li><li class="interwiki-pt"><a href="http://pt.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="pt" hreflang="pt">Português</a></li><li class="interwiki-ru"><a href="http://ru.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="ru" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li><li class="interwiki-tr"><a href="http://tr.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="tr" hreflang="tr">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interwiki-zh"><a href="http://zh.cppreference.com/w/c/preprocessor/replace" title="c/preprocessor/replace" lang="zh" hreflang="zh">中文</a></li> </ul></div>
</div>
<ul id="footer-info">
<li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last modified on 23 June 2015, at 03:50.</li>
<li id="footer-info-viewcount">This page has been accessed 6,319 times.</li>
</ul>
<ul id="footer-places">
<li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:Privacy_policy" title="Cppreference:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li>
<li id="footer-places-about"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:About" title="Cppreference:About">About cppreference.com</a></li>
<li id="footer-places-disclaimer"><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:General_disclaimer" title="Cppreference:General disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li>
</ul>
<ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint">
<li id="footer-poweredbyico">
<a href="http://www.mediawiki.org/"><img src="../../../mwiki/skins/common/images/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" /></a> <a href="http://qbnz.com/highlighter/"><img src="../../../../upload.cppreference.com/mwiki/images/2/2b/powered_by_geshi_88x31.png" alt="Powered by GeSHi" height="31" width="88" /></a> <a href="http://www.tigertech.net/referral/cppreference.com"><img src="../../../../upload.cppreference.com/mwiki/images/9/94/powered_by_tigertech_88x31.png" alt="Hosted by Tiger Technologies" height="31" width="88" /></a> </li>
</ul>
<div style="clear:both">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /footer -->
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.state({"site":"loading","user":"missing","user.groups":"ready"});
}</script>
<script src="../../../mwiki/load.php%3Fdebug=false&lang=en&modules=skins.cppreference2&only=scripts&skin=cppreference2&*"></script>
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.action.view.postEdit","mediawiki.user","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.searchSuggest","mediawiki.hidpi","ext.gadget.ColiruCompiler"], null, true);
}</script>
<script src="../../../mwiki/load.php%3Fdebug=false&lang=en&modules=site&only=scripts&skin=cppreference2&*"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www.");
document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-2828341-1']);
_gaq.push(['_setDomainName', 'cppreference.com']);
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
</script><!-- Served in 2.252 secs. -->
</body>
<!-- Cached 20150825012145 -->
</html>
|
