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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="CopyInsertable.html" title="cpp/concept/CopyInsertable"><span class="t-lines"><span>CopyInsertable</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> Iterator</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="OutputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/OutputIterator"><span class="t-lines"><span>OutputIterator</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="InputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/InputIterator"><span class="t-lines"><span>InputIterator</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>ForwardIterator</span></span></strong></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="BidirectionalIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/BidirectionalIterator"><span class="t-lines"><span>BidirectionalIterator</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> Stream I/O</td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> Random Numbers</td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/RandomNumberEngine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cpp/concept/RandomNumberEngine (page does not exist)"><span class="t-lines"><span>RandomNumberEngine</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="RandomNumberDistribution.html" title="cpp/concept/RandomNumberDistribution"><span class="t-lines"><span>RandomNumberDistribution</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="UniformRandomNumberGenerator.html" title="cpp/concept/UniformRandomNumberGenerator"><span class="t-lines"><span>UniformRandomNumberGenerator</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/RandomNumberEngineAdaptor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cpp/concept/RandomNumberEngineAdaptor (page does not exist)"><span class="t-lines"><span>RandomNumberEngineAdaptor</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> Concurrency</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="BasicLockable.html" title="cpp/concept/BasicLockable"><span class="t-lines"><span>BasicLockable</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="Lockable.html" title="cpp/concept/Lockable"><span class="t-lines"><span>Lockable</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="TimedLockable.html" title="cpp/concept/TimedLockable"><span class="t-lines"><span>TimedLockable</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="TimedMutex.html" title="cpp/concept/TimedMutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>TimedMutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> Other</td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/off_type&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cpp/concept/off type (page does not exist)"><span class="t-lines"><span>off_type</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="BitmaskType.html" title="cpp/concept/BitmaskType"><span class="t-lines"><span>BitmaskType</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/UnaryTypeTrait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cpp/concept/UnaryTypeTrait (page does not exist)"><span class="t-lines"><span>UnaryTypeTrait</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/BinaryTypeTrait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cpp/concept/BinaryTypeTrait (page does not exist)"><span class="t-lines"><span>BinaryTypeTrait</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/TransformationTrait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="cpp/concept/TransformationTrait (page does not exist)"><span class="t-lines"><span>TransformationTrait</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="TrivialClock.html" title="cpp/concept/TrivialClock"><span class="t-lines"><span>TrivialClock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="LiteralType.html" title="cpp/concept/LiteralType"><span class="t-lines"><span>LiteralType</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<p>A <code>ForwardIterator</code> is an <a href="Iterator.html" title="cpp/concept/Iterator"><code>Iterator</code></a> that can read data from the pointed-to element.
</p><p>Unlike <a href="InputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/InputIterator"><code>InputIterator</code></a> and <a href="OutputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/OutputIterator"><code>OutputIterator</code></a>, it can be used in multipass algorithms.
</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="ForwardIterator.html#Requirements"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Requirements</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="ForwardIterator.html#Multipass_guarantee"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Multipass guarantee</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="ForwardIterator.html#Singular_iterators"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Singular iterators</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="ForwardIterator.html#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/ForwardIterator&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Requirements">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Requirements">Requirements</span></h3>
<p>The type <code>It</code> satisfies <code>ForwardIterator</code> if
</p>
<ul><li> The type <code>It</code> satisfies <a href="InputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/InputIterator"><code>InputIterator</code></a>
</li><li> The type <code>It</code> satisfies <a href="DefaultConstructible.html" title="cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible"><code>DefaultConstructible</code></a>
</li><li> Objects of the type <code>It</code> provide <i>multipass guarantee</i> described below
</li><li> The type <code>std::iterator_traits<It>::reference</code> must be exactly
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> <code>T&</code> if <code>It</code> satisfies <a href="OutputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/OutputIterator"><code>OutputIterator</code></a> (<code>It</code> is mutable)
</li><li> <code>const T&</code> otherwise (<code>It</code> is constant),
</li></ul>
</dd><dd>(where <code>T</code> is the type denoted by <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../iterator/iterator_traits.html"><span class="kw557">std::<span class="me2">iterator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>It<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">value_type</span></span></span>)
</dd></dl>
<ul><li> Equality and inequality comparison is defined over all iterators for the same underlying sequence<span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx14"><span> and the value initialized-iterators</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(since C++14)</span></span></span>.
</li></ul>
<p>And, given
</p>
<ul><li> <code>i</code>, dereferenceable iterator of type <code>It</code>
</li><li> <code>reference,</code> the type denoted by <code>std::iterator_traits<It>::reference</code>
</li></ul>
<p>The following expressions must be valid and have their specified effects
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Expression</th>
<th>Return type</th>
<th>Equivalent expression</th>
<th>Notes
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">i<span class="sy2">++</span></span></span></td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">It</span></span> </td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">It ip<span class="sy1">=</span>i<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>i<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> ip<span class="sy4">;</span></span></span> </td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">*</span>i<span class="sy2">++</span></span></span></td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">reference</span></span> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>
</td></tr>
</table>
<p>A <code>mutable ForwardIterator</code> is a <code>ForwardIterator</code> that additionally satisfies the <a href="OutputIterator.html" title="cpp/concept/OutputIterator"><code>OutputIterator</code></a> requirements.
</p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/ForwardIterator&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Multipass guarantee">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Multipass_guarantee">Multipass guarantee</span></h3>
<p>Given <code>a</code> and <code>b</code>, dereferenceable iterators of type <code>It</code>
</p>
<ul><li> If <code>a</code> and <code>b</code> compare equal (<code><b>a == b</b></code> is contextually convertible to <code>true</code>) then either they are both non-dereferenceable or <code>*a</code> and <code>*b</code> are references bound to the same object
</li><li> Assignment through a mutable <code>ForwardIterator</code> iterator cannot invalidate the iterator (implicit due to <code>reference</code> defined as a true reference)
</li><li> incrementing a copy of <code>a</code> does not change the value read from <code>a</code> (formally, either <code>It</code> is a raw pointer type or the expression <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">++</span>It<span class="br0">(</span>a<span class="br0">)</span>, <span class="sy2">*</span>a</span></span> is equivalent to the expression <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">*</span>a</span></span>)
</li><li> <code><b>a == b</b></code> implies <code><b>++a == ++b</b></code>
</li></ul>
<table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx14"><td>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Singular_iterators">Singular iterators</span></h3>
A <a href="../language/value_initialization.html" title="cpp/language/value initialization">value-initialized</a> <code>ForwardIterator</code> behaves like the past-the-end iterator of some unspecified empty container: it compares equal to all value-initialized <code>ForwardIterator</code>s of the same type.</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(since C++14)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/concept/ForwardIterator&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h3>
<ul><li> <a href="../iterator.html" title="cpp/iterator">Iterator library</a>
</li></ul>
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