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<p>Besides <a href="operator_other.html" title="cpp/language/operator other">function-call expressions</a>, where <a href="overload_resolution.html" title="cpp/language/overload resolution">overload resolution</a> takes place, the name of an overloaded function may appear in the following 7 contexts:
</p>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> <a href="initialization.html" title="cpp/language/initialization">initializer</a> in a <a href="declarations.html" title="cpp/language/declarations">declaration</a> of an object or <a href="reference_initialization.html" title="cpp/language/reference initialization">reference</a></div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> on the right-hand-side of an assignment expression</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> as a function call argument</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> as a user-defined operator argument</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">5)</span> the <a href="return.html" title="cpp/language/return">return</a> statement</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">6)</span> <a href="explicit_cast.html" title="cpp/language/explicit cast">explicit cast</a> or <a href="static_cast.html" title="cpp/language/static cast">static cast</a> argument</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">7)</span> non-type <a href="template_parameters.html" title="cpp/language/template parameters">template argument</a></div>
<p>In each context, the name of an overloaded function may be preceded by address-of operator <code><b>&</b></code> and may be enclosed in a redundant set of parentheses.
</p><p>In all these contexts, the function selected from the overload set is the function whose type matches the pointer to function, reference to function, or pointer to member function type that is expected by <i>target</i>: the object or reference being initialized, the left-hand side of the assignment, function or operator parameter, the return type of a function, the target type of a cast, or the type of the template parameter, respectively.
</p><p>The type of the function must match the target exactly, no implicit conversions are considered (e.g. a function returning a pointer to derived won't get selected when initializing a pointer to function returning a pointer to base)
</p><p>If the function name names a function template, then, first, <a href="function_template.html" title="cpp/language/function template">template argument deduction</a> is done, and if it succeeds, it produces a single template specialization which is added to the list of overloads to consider. If more than one function from the set matches the target, and at least one function is non-template, the template specializations are eliminated from consideration. If all candidates are template specializations, <a href="partial_specialization.html" title="cpp/language/partial specialization">less specialized</a> ones are removed if more specialized are available. If more than one candidate remains after the removals, the program is ill-formed.
</p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/overloaded_address&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Example">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Example">Example</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
<span class="co2">#include <algorithm></span>
<span class="co2">#include <string></span>
<span class="co2">#include <cctype> // int std::toupper(int)</span>
<span class="co2">#include <locale> // template<class CharT> CharT std::toupper(CharT,const locale&)</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> f<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> f<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">double</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">2</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
 
<span class="kw4">void</span> g<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span>f1<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span>, <span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>f2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">double</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>
 
<span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>F<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">></span>
<span class="kw1">struct</span> Templ <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
<span class="kw1">struct</span> Foo <span class="br0">{</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> mf<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">3</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> mf<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">double</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">4</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
<span class="co1">// 5. return value</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span><span class="br0">(</span>foo<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
<span class="kw1">return</span> f<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int f(int)</span>
<span class="br0">}</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
<span class="co1">// 1. initialization</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>pf<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">double</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> f<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int f(double)</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span>rf<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> f<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int f(int)</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="br0">(</span>Foo<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="sy2">*</span>mpf<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>Foo<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">mf</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int mf(int)</span>
 
<span class="co1">// 2. assignment</span>
pf <span class="sy1">=</span> nullptr<span class="sy4">;</span>
pf <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>f<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int f(double)</span>
 
<span class="co1">// 3. function argument</span>
g<span class="br0">(</span>f, f<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int f(int) for the 1st argument</span>
<span class="co1">// and int f(double) for the second</span>
 
<span class="co1">// 4. user-defined operator</span>
 
<span class="co1">// 6. cast</span>
<a href="../string/basic_string.html"><span class="kw1042">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> str <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">"example"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="../algorithm/transform.html"><span class="kw1287">std::<span class="me2">transform</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>str.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, str.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, str.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>,
<span class="kw1">static_cast</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="../string/byte/toupper.html"><span class="kw938">std::<span class="me2">toupper</span></span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int toupper(int)</span>
<a href="../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1446">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> str <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
<span class="co1">// 7. template argument</span>
Templ<span class="sy1"><</span>f<span class="sy1">></span> t<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// selects int f(int)</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>Output:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">EXAMPLE</pre></div></div>
</div>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/overloaded_address&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-c++11">
<ul><li> C++11 standard (ISO/IEC 14882:2011):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 13.4 Address of overloaded function [over.over]
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<div class="t-ref-std-c++98">
<ul><li> C++98 standard (ISO/IEC 14882:1998):
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 13.4 Address of overloaded function [over.over]
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<!--
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Preprocessor generated node count: 2295/1000000
Post‐expand include size: 25710/2097152 bytes
Template argument size: 6611/2097152 bytes
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