/**
 * @file
 * @brief Gametime related functions.
**/

#include "AppHdr.h"

#include "timed-effects.h"

#include "abyss.h"
#include "act-iter.h"
#include "areas.h"
#include "beam.h"
#include "cloud.h"
#include "coordit.h"
#include "corpse.h"
#include "database.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "dgn-shoals.h"
#include "dgn-event.h"
#include "env.h"
#include "exercise.h"
#include "externs.h"
#include "fprop.h"
#include "god-abil.h"
#include "god-passive.h"
#include "items.h"
#include "libutil.h"
#include "mapmark.h"
#include "message.h"
#include "mgen-data.h"
#include "monster.h"
#include "mon-abil.h"
#include "mon-behv.h"
#include "mon-clone.h"
#include "mon-death.h"
#include "mon-pathfind.h"
#include "mon-place.h"
#include "mon-project.h"
#include "mutation.h"
#include "notes.h"
#include "player.h"
#include "player-notices.h"
#include "player-stats.h"
#include "random.h"
#include "religion.h"
#include "skills.h"
#include "shout.h"
#include "state.h"
#include "spl-clouds.h"
#include "spl-miscast.h"
#include "stringutil.h"
#include "tag-version.h"
#include "teleport.h"
#include "terrain.h"
#include "tileview.h"
#ifdef USE_TILE
    #include "tile-env.h"
    #include "tilepick.h"
#endif
#include "throw.h"
#include "travel.h"
#include "view.h"
#include "viewchar.h"
#include "unwind.h"

static void _apply_contam_over_time()
{
    int added_contamination = 0;

    // No contam decay within 7 turns of last being contaminated
    if (you.elapsed_time - you.attribute[ATTR_LAST_CONTAM] <= 70)
        return;

    added_contamination -= 20;

    // Scaling to turn length
    added_contamination = div_rand_round(added_contamination * you.time_taken,
                                         BASELINE_DELAY);

    contaminate_player(added_contamination, false);
}

// Bad effects from magic contamination.
static void _magic_contamination_effects()
{
    mprf(MSGCH_WARN, "Your body shudders with the violent release "
                     "of wild energies!");

    const bool severe = you.magic_contamination >= 2000;

    // The chance of exploding scales with contamination severity.
    // Damage scales with player XL. Explosions at 200%+ contam have increased
    // radius and damage.
    if (x_chance_in_y(min(2000, you.magic_contamination), 3200))
    {
        bolt beam;

        const int pow = severe ? you.experience_level * 3 / 2
                               : you.experience_level;
        zappy(ZAP_CONTAM_EXPLOSION, pow, false, beam);

        beam.source       = you.pos();
        beam.target       = you.pos();
        beam.source_id    = MID_YOU_FAULTLESS;
        beam.aux_source   = "a magical explosion";
        beam.ex_size      = severe ? 2 : 1;

        // Ignores the player's own AC (it's your body exploding!), but not
        // enemies.
        beam.ac_rule = ac_type::none;
        beam.is_explosion = false;
        beam.fire();

        beam.damage.num = 4;
        beam.ac_rule = ac_type::normal;
        beam.is_explosion = true;
        beam.explode(true, true);
    }

    flash_tile(you.pos(), LIGHTBLUE);
    // We want to warp the player, not do good stuff!
    mutate(one_chance_in(5) ? RANDOM_MUTATION : RANDOM_BAD_MUTATION,
           "mutagenic glow");

    contaminate_player(-random_range(200, 400) * (severe ? 2 : 1));
}

// Checks if the player should be hit with backlash from magic contamination,
// then actually does so if they should be.
static void _check_contamination_effects(int /*time_delta*/)
{
    // 75% chance of a mishap each time this is checked at yellow contam and
    // a 100% chance above that.
    if (you.magic_contamination >= 2000
        || you.magic_contamination >= 1000 && !one_chance_in(4))
    {
        if (is_sanctuary(you.pos()))
        {
            mprf(MSGCH_GOD, "Your body momentarily shudders from a surge of wild "
                            "energies until Zin's power calms it.");
        }
        else
            _magic_contamination_effects();
    }
}

// Exercise armour *xor* stealth skill: {dlb}
static void _wait_practice(int /*time_delta*/)
{
    practise_waiting();
}

// Update the abyss speed. This place is unstable and the speed can
// fluctuate. It's not a constant increase.
static void _abyss_speed(int /*time_delta*/)
{
    if (!player_in_branch(BRANCH_ABYSS))
        return;

    if (have_passive(passive_t::slow_abyss) && coinflip())
        ; // Speed change less often for Chei.
    else if (coinflip() && you.abyss_speed < 100)
        ++you.abyss_speed;
    else if (one_chance_in(5) && you.abyss_speed > 0)
        --you.abyss_speed;
}

static void _jiyva_effects(int /*time_delta*/)
{
    if (have_passive(passive_t::jellies_army) && one_chance_in(10))
    {
        int total_jellies = 1 + random2(5);
        bool success = false;
        for (int num_jellies = total_jellies; num_jellies > 0; num_jellies--)
        {
            // Spread jellies around the level.
            coord_def newpos;
            do
            {
                newpos = random_in_bounds();
            }
            while (env.grid(newpos) != DNGN_FLOOR
                       && env.grid(newpos) != DNGN_SHALLOW_WATER
                   || monster_at(newpos)
                   || cloud_at(newpos)
                   || testbits(env.pgrid(newpos), FPROP_NO_JIYVA));

            mgen_data mg(MONS_JELLY, BEH_GOOD_NEUTRAL, newpos);
            mg.god = GOD_JIYVA;
            mg.non_actor_summoner = "Jiyva";

            if (create_monster(mg))
                success = true;
        }

        if (success && !silenced(you.pos()))
        {
            switch (random2(3))
            {
                case 0:
                    simple_god_message(" gurgles merrily.");
                    break;
                case 1:
                    mprf(MSGCH_SOUND, "You hear %s splatter%s.",
                         total_jellies > 1 ? "a series of" : "a",
                         total_jellies > 1 ? "s" : "");
                    break;
                case 2:
                    simple_god_message(" says: Divide and consume!");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    if (have_passive(passive_t::jelly_eating) && one_chance_in(25))
        jiyva_eat_offlevel_items();
}

static void _evolve(int /*time_delta*/)
{
    if (!you.can_safely_mutate())
        return;

    const bool malignant = you.has_mutation(MUT_DEVOLUTION);
    if (!malignant && !you.has_mutation(MUT_EVOLUTION))
        return;

    if (you.attribute[ATTR_EVOL_XP] > 0)
        return;
    set_evolution_mut_xp(malignant);

    mpr("You feel a genetic drift.");
    const mutation_type typ = malignant ? RANDOM_BAD_MUTATION : RANDOM_GOOD_MUTATION;
    const char* const reason = malignant ? "hidden defects" : "hidden potential";
    if (!mutate(typ, reason, false, false, false, false, MUTCLASS_NORMAL))
        return;

    int &muts = you.props[EVOLUTION_MUTS_KEY].get_int();
    ++muts;
    if (muts >= 2)
    {
        muts -= 2;
        if (malignant)
            delete_mutation(MUT_DEVOLUTION, "hidden defects expressed", false);
        else
            delete_mutation(MUT_EVOLUTION, "hidden potential expressed", false);
    }
    more();
}

static bool _multiplicity_clone(monster* mon)
{
    coord_def spot = find_newmons_square(mon->type, mon->pos(), 1, 2);
    if (!spot.origin())
    {
        bool obviousness; // dummy argument
        monster *clone = clone_mons(mon, true, &obviousness,
                                    mon->attitude, spot);
        if (!clone)
            return false;
        clone->foe = mon->foe;
        // No additional gear from these clones, but you can get XP.
        clone->mark_summoned(MON_SUMM_MULTIPLICITY);
        clone->flags |= (MF_NO_REWARD | MF_HARD_RESET);
        clone->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_FIGMENT, nullptr, INFINITE_DURATION));
    }

    return true;
}

static void _maybe_mortality_summon()
{
    // Ensure no non-trivial monsters are around
    for (monster_near_iterator mi(you.pos(), LOS_NO_TRANS); mi; ++mi)
    {
        if (!mi->wont_attack() && !mi->is_firewood()
            && mons_threat_level(**mi, true) > MTHRT_TRIVIAL)
        {
            return;
        }
    }

    // Summon permaslow reapers at low XL, and scale the number with XL also.
    const bool slow = you.experience_level < 14;
    int num = 1;
    if (slow)
        num += x_chance_in_y(max(0, you.experience_level - 10), 10);
    else
    {
        num += div_rand_round(max(0, you.experience_level - 17), 10);
        num += div_rand_round(max(0, you.experience_level - 24), 4);
    }

    bool created = false;
    mgen_data mg(MONS_REAPER, BEH_HOSTILE, you.pos(), MHITYOU, MG_AUTOFOE);
    mg.set_summoned(nullptr, MON_SUMM_MORTALITY);
    mg.extra_flags |= (MF_NO_REWARD | MF_HARD_RESET);
    mg.non_actor_summoner = "the Bane of Mortality";
    mg.set_range(5, you.current_vision, 3);

    for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i)
    {
        if (monster* mon = create_monster(mg))
        {
            created = true;
            mon->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_WARDING, nullptr, INFINITE_DURATION));
            if (slow)
                mon->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_SLOW, nullptr, INFINITE_DURATION));
        }
    }

    if (created)
    {
        mprf("Death has come for you....");
        you.props[MORTALITY_TIME_KEY] = you.elapsed_time + random_range(2250, 4500);
    }
}

static void _bane_triggers(int /*time_delta*/)
{
    if (you.has_bane(BANE_MULTIPLICITY)
        && you.elapsed_time > you.props[MULTIPLICITY_TIME_KEY].get_int()
        && one_chance_in(3))
    {
        vector<monster*> to_clone;
        for (monster_near_iterator mi(you.pos(), LOS_NO_TRANS); mi; ++mi)
        {
            if (!mons_aligned(&you, *mi) && !mi->is_summoned()
                && !mi->is_peripheral() && !mons_is_unique(mi->type)
                && !mi->has_ench(ENCH_FIGMENT)
                && !mi->has_spell(SPELL_ILL_OMEN)
                && !mi->has_attack_flavour(AF_DOOM)
                && !mons_is_immotile(**mi))
            {
                to_clone.push_back(*mi);
            }
        }

        if (to_clone.empty())
            return;

        monster* mon = to_clone[random2(to_clone.size())];

        bool did_clone = false;
        bool seen = false;
        const int num = 2 + one_chance_in(3);
        for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i)
        {
            if (_multiplicity_clone(mon))
            {
                if (you.can_see(*mon))
                    seen = true;
                did_clone = true;
            }
        }

        // Apply cooldown.
        if (did_clone)
            you.props[MULTIPLICITY_TIME_KEY] = you.elapsed_time + random_range(270, 600);

        if (seen)
        {
            flash_tile(mon->pos(), LIGHTBLUE, 150);
            mprf("%s shimmers and splits apart.", mon->name(DESC_THE).c_str());
        }
    }

    if (you.has_bane(BANE_MORTALITY)
        && you.elapsed_time > you.props[MORTALITY_TIME_KEY].get_int()
        && you.hp * 10 <= you.hp_max * 4)
    {
        _maybe_mortality_summon();
    }
}

// Get around C++ dividing integers towards 0.
static int _div(int num, int denom)
{
    div_t res = div(num, denom);
    return res.rem >= 0 ? res.quot : res.quot - 1;
}

struct timed_effect
{
    void              (*trigger)(int);
    int               min_time;
    int               max_time;
    bool              arena;
};

// If you add an entry to this list, remember to add a matching entry
// to timed_effect_type in timed-effect-type.h!
static struct timed_effect timed_effects[] =
{
    { rot_corpses,               200,   200, true  },
#if TAG_MAJOR_VERSION == 34
    { nullptr,                         0,     0, false },
    { nullptr,                         0,     0, false },
#endif
    { _check_contamination_effects,  110,   250, false },
#if TAG_MAJOR_VERSION == 34
    { nullptr,                         0,     0, false },
#endif
    { handle_god_time,               100,   300, false },
#if TAG_MAJOR_VERSION == 34
    { nullptr,                                0,     0, false },
    { nullptr,            0,   0, false },
#endif
    { _wait_practice,                100,   300, false },
#if TAG_MAJOR_VERSION == 34
    { nullptr,                         0,     0, false },
#endif
    { _abyss_speed,                  100,   300, false },
    { _jiyva_effects,                100,   300, false },
    { _evolve,                       100,   300, false },
#if TAG_MAJOR_VERSION == 34
    { nullptr,                         0,     0, false },
#endif
    { _bane_triggers,                 50,   120, false },
};

// Do various time related actions...
void handle_time()
{
    int base_time = you.elapsed_time % 200;
    int old_time = base_time - you.time_taken;

    // The checks below assume the function is called at least
    // once every 50 elapsed time units.

    // Every 5 turns, spawn random monsters
    if (_div(base_time, 50) > _div(old_time, 50))
    {
        spawn_random_monsters();
        if (player_in_branch(BRANCH_ABYSS))
        {
            // Ramp up spawn rate dramatically after Abyss:5.
            const int chances = you.depth < 5 ? you.depth
                                              : 5 + (you.depth - 5) * 5;
            for (int i = 1; i < chances; ++i)
                if (x_chance_in_y(i, 5))
                    spawn_random_monsters();
        }

        notice_queued_monsters();
    }

    // Abyss maprot.
    if (!crawl_state.game_is_arena() && player_in_branch(BRANCH_ABYSS))
        forget_map(true);

    // Magic contamination from spells and Orb.
    if (!crawl_state.game_is_arena())
        _apply_contam_over_time();

    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ARRAYSZ(timed_effects); i++)
    {
        if (crawl_state.game_is_arena() && !timed_effects[i].arena)
            continue;

        if (!timed_effects[i].trigger)
        {
            if (you.next_timer_effect[i] < INT_MAX)
                you.next_timer_effect[i] = INT_MAX;
            continue;
        }

        while (you.elapsed_time >= you.next_timer_effect[i])
        {
            int time_delta = you.elapsed_time - you.last_timer_effect[i];
            (timed_effects[i].trigger)(time_delta);
            you.last_timer_effect[i] = you.next_timer_effect[i];
            you.next_timer_effect[i] =
                you.last_timer_effect[i]
                + random_range(timed_effects[i].min_time,
                               timed_effects[i].max_time);
        }
    }
}

static void _timeout_enchantment(monster& mon, mon_enchant& ench, int time)
{
    if (ench.duration <= time)
        mon.del_ench(ench.ench, true);
    else
    {
        ench.duration -= time;
        mon.update_ench(ench);
    }
}

/**
 * Update a monster's enchantments as if a large amount of time had passed.
 *
 * This directly subtracts a given amount of time from all enchantments
 * (without processing any per-tick effects) and then either outright deletes
 * any enchantments that have expired, or performs a single tick of them (to
 * handle certain types of end effects) if the player is off-level.
 *
 * Used both when the player returns to a floor after being away for a while,
 * or to 'heal' a variety of effects from monsters avoiding death or being
 * recalled from another floor.
 *
 * @param time  How many aut to simulate passing.
 */
void monster::timeout_enchantments(int time)
{
    if (enchantments.empty())
        return;

    mon_enchant_list ec = enchantments;
    for (auto &entry : ec)
    {
        if (entry.second.duration >= INFINITE_DURATION)
            continue;

        switch (entry.first)
        {
        case ENCH_POISON: case ENCH_CORONA: case ENCH_CONTAM:
        case ENCH_STICKY_FLAME: case ENCH_SUMMON_TIMER:
        case ENCH_HASTE: case ENCH_MIGHT: case ENCH_FEAR:
        case ENCH_CHARM: case ENCH_SLEEP_WARY: case ENCH_SICK:
        case ENCH_PARALYSIS:
        case ENCH_PETRIFIED: case ENCH_SWIFT: case ENCH_SILENCE:
        case ENCH_LOWERED_WL: case ENCH_SOUL_RIPE: case ENCH_ANTIMAGIC:
        case ENCH_REGENERATION: case ENCH_STRONG_WILLED:
        case ENCH_MIRROR_DAMAGE: case ENCH_LIQUEFYING:
        case ENCH_SILVER_CORONA: case ENCH_DAZED:
        case ENCH_BREATH_WEAPON: case ENCH_WRETCHED:
        case ENCH_SCREAMED: case ENCH_BLIND: case ENCH_WORD_OF_RECALL:
        case ENCH_INJURY_BOND: case ENCH_FLAYED: case ENCH_BARBS:
        case ENCH_AGILE: case ENCH_FROZEN: case ENCH_VITRIFIED:
        case ENCH_SIGN_OF_RUIN: case ENCH_SAP_MAGIC:
        case ENCH_CORROSION:
        case ENCH_RESISTANCE: case ENCH_HEXED: case ENCH_IDEALISED:
        case ENCH_BOUND_SOUL: case ENCH_STILL_WINDS: case ENCH_DRAINED:
        case ENCH_ANGUISH: case ENCH_FIRE_VULN: case ENCH_SPELL_CHARGED:
        case ENCH_SLOW: case ENCH_WEAK: case ENCH_EMPOWERED_SPELLS:
        case ENCH_BOUND: case ENCH_CONCENTRATE_VENOM: case ENCH_TOXIC_RADIANCE:
        case ENCH_PAIN_BOND: case ENCH_PYRRHIC_RECOLLECTION:
        case ENCH_CLOCKWORK_BEE_CAST:
        case ENCH_RIMEBLIGHT: case ENCH_MAGNETISED: case ENCH_TEMPERED:
        case ENCH_CHAOS_LACE: case ENCH_VEXED: case ENCH_DEEP_SLEEP:
        case ENCH_DROWSY: case ENCH_PARADOX_TOUCHED: case ENCH_DIMINISHED_SPELLS:
        case ENCH_ORB_COOLDOWN:
        case ENCH_ARMED: case ENCH_AWAKEN_FOREST: case ENCH_BLINKITIS:
        case ENCH_CHANGED_APPEARANCE: case ENCH_CHANNEL_SEARING_RAY:
        case ENCH_CONSTRICTED: case ENCH_CURSE_OF_AGONY:
        case ENCH_DIMENSION_ANCHOR: case ENCH_DOUBLED_VIGOUR: case ENCH_DUMB:
        case ENCH_FLIGHT: case ENCH_HATCHING: case ENCH_INSTANT_CLEAVE:
        case ENCH_KINETIC_GRAPNEL: case ENCH_MAD: case ENCH_MISDIRECTED:
        case ENCH_MUTE: case ENCH_PHALANX_BARRIER: case ENCH_POISON_VULN:
        case ENCH_POLAR_VORTEX: case ENCH_POLAR_VORTEX_COOLDOWN:
        case ENCH_PORTAL_PACIFIED: case ENCH_PORTAL_TIMER: case ENCH_RECITE_TIMER:
        case ENCH_DEFLECT_MISSILES: case ENCH_WARDING: case ENCH_FLOODED:
        case ENCH_INNER_FLAME:
        case ENCH_ROLLING: case ENCH_MERFOLK_AVATAR_SONG: case ENCH_INFESTATION:
        case ENCH_HELD: case ENCH_BULLSEYE_TARGET: case ENCH_FATIGUE:
        case ENCH_TIDE: case ENCH_SLOWLY_DYING:
            _timeout_enchantment(*this, entry.second, time);
            break;

        case ENCH_FRENZIED: case ENCH_BERSERK:
            _timeout_enchantment(*this, entry.second, time);
            if (has_ench(ENCH_FATIGUE))
            {
                // Removing fatigue will also remove slow, if enough time has passed.
                mon_enchant fatigue = get_ench(ENCH_FATIGUE);
                _timeout_enchantment(*this, fatigue, time - entry.second.duration);
            }
            break;

        case ENCH_PETRIFYING:
            _timeout_enchantment(*this, entry.second, time);
            if (has_ench(ENCH_PETRIFIED))
            {
                mon_enchant petr = get_ench(ENCH_PETRIFIED);
                _timeout_enchantment(*this, petr, time - entry.second.duration);
            }
            break;

        case ENCH_INVIS:
            if (!mons_class_flag(type, M_INVIS))
                _timeout_enchantment(*this, entry.second, time);
            break;

        case ENCH_CONFUSION:
            if (!mons_class_flag(type, M_CONFUSED))
                _timeout_enchantment(*this, entry.second, time);
            break;

        default:
            break;
        }

        if (!alive())
            break;
    }
}

/**
 * Update the level upon the player's return.
 *
 * @param elapsedTime how long the player was away.
 */
void update_level(int elapsedTime)
{
    ASSERT(!crawl_state.game_is_arena());

    // Simulate up to 10 turns on the floor, then merely update durations and
    // effects for the remaining time.
    const int sim_turns = min(10, elapsedTime / 10);
    elapsedTime -= sim_turns * 10;
    const int quick_turns = (elapsedTime - (sim_turns * 10)) / 10;

    delete_all_clouds();

    // First, simulate up to 10 turns of monster movement and activity.
    simulate_time_passing(sim_turns);

    // Then simply time out effects for the remaining time.
    rot_corpses(elapsedTime);
    shoals_apply_tides(quick_turns, true);
    timeout_tombs(elapsedTime);
    timeout_terrain_changes(elapsedTime);

    if (env.sanctuary_time)
    {
        // XX this doesn't guarantee that the final FPROP will be removed?
        if (quick_turns >= env.sanctuary_time)
            remove_sanctuary();
        else
            env.sanctuary_time -= quick_turns;
    }

    dungeon_events.fire_event(
        dgn_event(DET_TURN_ELAPSED, coord_def(0, 0), (sim_turns + quick_turns) * 10));

    for (monster_iterator mi; mi; ++mi)
        if (!update_monster(**mi, elapsedTime))
            continue;
}

/**
 * Update the monster upon the player's return
 *
 * @param mon   The monster to update.
 * @param time  How many auts since the monster left the player
 * @returns     Returns nullptr if monster was destroyed by the update;
 *              Returns the updated monster if it still exists.
 */
monster* update_monster(monster& mon, int time)
{
    // Pacified monsters often leave the level now.
    if (mon.pacified() && time > random_range(210, 400))
    {
        make_mons_leave_level(&mon);
        return nullptr;
    }

    mon.heal(div_rand_round(time * mon.off_level_regen_rate(), 1000));
    mon.timeout_enchantments(time);

    if (mon.type == MONS_SLYMDRA)
        slymdra_split(mon, min(div_rand_round(time, 10), mon.num_heads - 4), true);

    return &mon;
}

static void _drop_tomb(const coord_def& pos, bool premature, bool zin)
{
    int count = 0;
    monster* mon = monster_at(pos);

    // Don't wander on duty!
    if (mon)
        mon->behaviour = BEH_SEEK;

    bool seen_change = false;
    for (adjacent_iterator ai(pos); ai; ++ai)
    {
        // "Normal" tomb (card or monster spell)
        if (!zin && revert_terrain_change(*ai, TERRAIN_CHANGE_TOMB))
        {
            count++;
            if (you.see_cell(*ai))
                seen_change = true;
        }
        // Zin's Imprison.
        else if (zin && revert_terrain_change(*ai, TERRAIN_CHANGE_IMPRISON))
        {
            for (map_marker *mark : env.markers.get_markers_at(*ai))
            {
                if (mark->property("feature_description")
                    == "a gleaming silver wall")
                {
                    env.markers.remove(mark);
                }
            }

            env.grid_colours(*ai) = 0;
            tile_clear_flavour(*ai);
            tile_init_flavour(*ai);
            count++;
            if (you.see_cell(*ai))
                seen_change = true;
        }
    }

    if (count)
    {
        if (seen_change && !zin)
            mprf("The walls disappear%s!", premature ? " prematurely" : "");
        else if (seen_change && zin)
        {
            mprf("Zin %s %s %s.",
                 (mon) ? "releases"
                       : "dismisses",
                 (mon) ? mon->name(DESC_THE).c_str()
                       : "the silver walls,",
                 (mon) ? make_stringf("from %s prison",
                             mon->pronoun(PRONOUN_POSSESSIVE).c_str()).c_str()
                       : "but there is nothing inside them");
        }
        else
        {
            if (!silenced(you.pos()))
                mprf(MSGCH_SOUND, "You hear a deep rumble.");
            else
                mpr("You feel the ground shudder.");
        }
    }
}

static vector<map_malign_gateway_marker*> _get_malign_gateways()
{
    vector<map_malign_gateway_marker*> mm_markers;

    for (map_marker *mark : env.markers.get_all(MAT_MALIGN))
    {
        if (mark->get_type() != MAT_MALIGN)
            continue;

        map_malign_gateway_marker *mmark = dynamic_cast<map_malign_gateway_marker*>(mark);

        mm_markers.push_back(mmark);
    }

    return mm_markers;
}

int count_malign_gateways()
{
    return _get_malign_gateways().size();
}

void timeout_malign_gateways(int duration)
{
    // Passing 0 should allow us to just touch the gateway and see
    // if it should decay. This, in theory, should resolve the one
    // turn delay between it timing out and being recastable. -due
    for (map_malign_gateway_marker *mmark : _get_malign_gateways())
    {
        if (duration)
            mmark->duration -= duration;

        if (mmark->duration > 0)
        {
            const int pow = 3 + random2(10);
            const int size = 2 + random2(5);
            big_cloud(CLOUD_TLOC_ENERGY, 0, mmark->pos, pow, size);
        }
        else
        {
            monster* mons = monster_at(mmark->pos);
            if (mmark->monster_summoned && !mons)
            {
                // The marker hangs around until later.
                if (env.grid(mmark->pos) == DNGN_MALIGN_GATEWAY)
                    env.grid(mmark->pos) = DNGN_FLOOR;

                env.markers.remove(mmark);
            }
            else if (!mmark->monster_summoned && !mons)
            {
                bool is_player = mmark->is_player;
                actor* caster = 0;
                if (is_player)
                    caster = &you;

                mgen_data mg = mgen_data(MONS_ELDRITCH_TENTACLE,
                                         mmark->behaviour,
                                         mmark->pos,
                                         MHITNOT,
                                         MG_FORCE_PLACE,
                                         mmark->god);
                mg.set_summoned(caster, SPELL_MALIGN_GATEWAY, 0, false, false);
                if (!is_player)
                    mg.non_actor_summoner = mmark->summoner_string;

                if (monster *tentacle = create_monster(mg))
                {
                    tentacle->flags |= MF_NO_REWARD;
                    tentacle->add_ench(ENCH_PORTAL_TIMER);
                    int dur = random2avg(mmark->power, 6);
                    dur -= random2(4); // sequence point between random calls
                    dur *= 10;
                    mon_enchant kduration = mon_enchant(ENCH_PORTAL_PACIFIED,
                                                        caster, dur);
                    tentacle->props[BASE_POSITION_KEY].get_coord()
                                        = tentacle->pos();
                    tentacle->add_ench(kduration);

                    mmark->monster_summoned = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

void timeout_tombs(int duration)
{
    if (!duration)
        return;

    for (map_marker *mark : env.markers.get_all(MAT_TOMB))
    {
        if (mark->get_type() != MAT_TOMB)
            continue;

        map_tomb_marker *cmark = dynamic_cast<map_tomb_marker*>(mark);
        cmark->duration -= duration;

        // Empty tombs disappear early.
        monster* mon_entombed = monster_at(cmark->pos);
        bool empty_tomb = !(mon_entombed || you.pos() == cmark->pos);
        bool zin = (cmark->source == -GOD_ZIN);

        if (cmark->duration <= 0 || empty_tomb)
        {
            _drop_tomb(cmark->pos, empty_tomb, zin);

            monster* mon_src =
                !invalid_monster_index(cmark->source) ? &env.mons[cmark->source]
                                                      : nullptr;
            // A monster's Tomb of Doroklohe spell.
            if (mon_src
                && mon_src == mon_entombed)
            {
                mon_src->lose_energy(EUT_SPELL);
            }

            env.markers.remove(cmark);
        }
    }
}

void timeout_binding_sigils()
{
    int num_seen = 0;
    for (map_marker *mark : env.markers.get_all(MAT_TERRAIN_CHANGE))
    {
        map_terrain_change_marker *marker =
                dynamic_cast<map_terrain_change_marker*>(mark);
        if (marker->change_type == TERRAIN_CHANGE_BINDING_SIGIL)
        {
            if (you.see_cell(marker->pos))
                num_seen++;
            revert_terrain_change(marker->pos, TERRAIN_CHANGE_BINDING_SIGIL);
        }
    }

    if (num_seen > 1)
        mprf(MSGCH_DURATION, "Your binding sigils disappear.");
    else if (num_seen > 0)
        mprf(MSGCH_DURATION, "Your binding sigil disappears.");
}

void end_terrain_change(terrain_change_type type)
{
    for (map_marker *mark : env.markers.get_all(MAT_TERRAIN_CHANGE))
    {
        map_terrain_change_marker *marker =
            dynamic_cast<map_terrain_change_marker*>(mark);

        if (marker->change_type == type)
            revert_terrain_change(marker->pos, type);
    }
}

void end_enkindled_status()
{
    mprf(MSGCH_DURATION, "Your flames quiet as the last of your memories are burnt away.");
    you.duration[DUR_ENKINDLED] = 0;
    you.props.erase(ENKINDLE_CHARGES_KEY);
}

struct terrain_change_reversion
{
    coord_def pos;
    terrain_change_type type;
    bool was_in_los;
};

void timeout_terrain_changes(int duration, bool force)
{
    if (!duration && !force)
        return;

    int num_seen[NUM_TERRAIN_CHANGE_TYPES] = {0};
    vector<terrain_change_reversion> revert;

    for (map_marker *mark : env.markers.get_all(MAT_TERRAIN_CHANGE))
    {
        map_terrain_change_marker *marker =
                dynamic_cast<map_terrain_change_marker*>(mark);

        if (marker->duration != INFINITE_DURATION)
            marker->duration -= duration;

        if (marker->change_type == TERRAIN_CHANGE_DOOR_SEAL
            && !feat_is_sealed(env.grid(marker->pos)))
        {
            // TODO: could this be done inside `revert_terrain_change`? The
            // two things to test are corrupting sealed doors, and destroying
            // sealed doors. See 7aedcd24e1be3ed58fef9542786c1a194e4c07d0 and
            // 6c286a4f22bcba4cfcb36053eb066367874be752.
            if (marker->duration <= 0)
                env.markers.remove(marker); // deletes `marker`
            continue;
        }

        if ((marker->change_type == TERRAIN_CHANGE_BOG
             || marker->change_type == TERRAIN_CHANGE_BINDING_SIGIL)
            && !you.see_cell(marker->pos))
        {
            marker->duration = 0;
        }

        actor* src = actor_by_mid(marker->mon_num);
        if (marker->duration <= 0
            || (marker->mon_num != 0
                && (!src || !src->alive()
                    || (src->is_monster() && src->as_monster()->pacified()))))
        {
            if (you.see_cell(marker->pos))
                num_seen[marker->change_type]++;
            revert.push_back({marker->pos, marker->change_type, you.see_cell(marker->pos)});
        }
    }
    // finally, revert the changes and delete the markers

    // Sort terrain expiration from near to far, from the player's perspective
    // (which results in more intuitive behavior when pushing the player out of walls).
    sort(revert.begin(), revert.end(), [](const terrain_change_reversion& a,
                                          const terrain_change_reversion& b)
    {
        return grid_distance(you.pos(), a.pos) < grid_distance(you.pos(), b.pos);
    });

    for (const auto &m_pos : revert)
    {
        revert_terrain_change(m_pos.pos, m_pos.type);

        // When multiple tiles are reverting at once, walls reappearing may
        // obscure otherwise-unambiguous information about terrain behind them,
        // so forcibly redraw anything the player could see at the start of them.
        if (m_pos.was_in_los)
        {
            env.map_knowledge(m_pos.pos).set_feature(env.grid(m_pos.pos));
#ifdef USE_TILE
            tile_env.bk_bg(m_pos.pos) = tileidx_feature_base(env.grid(m_pos.pos));
#endif
        }
    }

    if (num_seen[TERRAIN_CHANGE_DOOR_SEAL] > 1)
        mpr("The runic seals fade away.");
    else if (num_seen[TERRAIN_CHANGE_DOOR_SEAL] > 0)
        mpr("The runic seal fades away.");

    if (num_seen[TERRAIN_CHANGE_BINDING_SIGIL] > 1)
        mprf(MSGCH_DURATION, "Your binding sigils disappear.");
    else if (num_seen[TERRAIN_CHANGE_BINDING_SIGIL] > 0)
        mprf(MSGCH_DURATION, "Your binding sigil disappears.");
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Living breathing dungeon stuff.
//

static vector<coord_def> sfx_seeds;

void setup_environment_effects()
{
    sfx_seeds.clear();

    for (int x = X_BOUND_1; x <= X_BOUND_2; ++x)
    {
        for (int y = Y_BOUND_1; y <= Y_BOUND_2; ++y)
        {
            if (!in_bounds(x, y))
                continue;

            const int grid = env.grid[x][y];
            if (grid == DNGN_LAVA
                    || (grid == DNGN_SHALLOW_WATER
                        && player_in_branch(BRANCH_SWAMP)))
            {
                const coord_def c(x, y);
                sfx_seeds.push_back(c);
            }
        }
    }
    dprf("%u environment effect seeds", (unsigned int)sfx_seeds.size());
}

static void apply_environment_effect(const coord_def &c)
{
    const dungeon_feature_type grid = env.grid(c);
    // Don't apply if if the feature doesn't want it.
    if (testbits(env.pgrid(c), FPROP_NO_CLOUD_GEN))
        return;
    if (grid == DNGN_LAVA)
        place_cloud(CLOUD_BLACK_SMOKE, c, random_range(4, 8), 0);
    else if (one_chance_in(3) && grid == DNGN_SHALLOW_WATER)
        place_cloud(CLOUD_MIST,        c, random_range(2, 5), 0);
}

static const int Base_Sfx_Chance = 5;
void run_environment_effects()
{
    if (!you.time_taken)
        return;

    dungeon_events.fire_event(DET_TURN_ELAPSED);

    // Each square in sfx_seeds has this chance of doing something special
    // per turn.
    const int sfx_chance = Base_Sfx_Chance * you.time_taken / 10;
    const int nseeds = sfx_seeds.size();

    // If there are a large number of seeds, speed things up by fudging the
    // numbers.
    if (nseeds > 50)
    {
        int nsels = div_rand_round(sfx_seeds.size() * sfx_chance, 100);
        if (one_chance_in(5))
            nsels += random2(nsels * 3);

        for (int i = 0; i < nsels; ++i)
            apply_environment_effect(sfx_seeds[ random2(nseeds) ]);
    }
    else
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < nseeds; ++i)
        {
            if (random2(100) >= sfx_chance)
                continue;

            apply_environment_effect(sfx_seeds[i]);
        }
    }

    run_corruption_effects(you.time_taken);
    shoals_apply_tides(div_rand_round(you.time_taken, BASELINE_DELAY),
                       false);
    timeout_tombs(you.time_taken);
    timeout_malign_gateways(you.time_taken);
    timeout_terrain_changes(you.time_taken);
    run_cloud_spreaders(you.time_taken);
}

// Converts a movement speed to a duration. i.e., answers the
// question: if the monster is so fast, how much time has it spent in
// its last movement?
//
// If speed is 10 (normal),    one movement is a duration of 10.
// If speed is 1  (very slow), each movement is a duration of 100.
// If speed is 15 (50% faster than normal), each movement is a duration of
// 6.6667.
int speed_to_duration(int speed)
{
    if (speed < 1)
        speed = 10;
    else if (speed > 100)
        speed = 100;

    return div_rand_round(100, speed);
}