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<TITLE>SPECTRAL_FUSION</TITLE>
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<H2>Toot 13: Spectral Fusion</H2>
<P>For our final instrument, we will employ three unique synthesis methods-Physical
Modeling, Formant-Wave Synthesis, and Non-linear Distortion. Three of Csound's
most powerful unit generators-<A HREF="./../Generate/pluck.html">pluck</A>,
<A HREF="./../Generate/fof.html">fof</A>, and <A HREF="./../Generate/oscil.html">foscil</A>,
make this complex task a fairly simple one. The Reference Manual describes
these as follows: </P>
<PRE><TT> a1 pluck kamp, kcps, icps, ifn, imeth [, iparm1, iparm2]</TT>
</PRE>
<P><B><A HREF="./../Generate/pluck.html">pluck</A></B> simulates the sound
of naturally decaying plucked strings by filling a cyclic decay buffer
with noise and then smoothing it over time according to one of several
methods. The unit is based on the Karplus-Strong algorithm. </P>
<PRE><TT> a2 fof xamp, xfund, xform, koct, kband, kris, kdur kdec,
iolaps, ifna, ifnb, itotdur[, iphs][, ifmode]</TT>
</PRE>
<P><B><A HREF="./../Generate/fof.html">fof</A></B> simulates the sound of
the male voice by producing a set of harmonically related partials (a formant
region) whose spectral envelope can be controlled over time. It is a special
form of granular synthesis, based on the CHANT program from IRCAM by Xavier
Rodet et al. </P>
<PRE><TT> a1 foscil xamp, kcps, kcar, kmod, kndx, ifn [, iphs]</TT>
</PRE>
<P><B><A HREF="./../Generate/oscil.html">foscil</A></B> is a composite unit
which banks two oscillators in a simple FM configuration, wherein the audio-rate
output of one (the "modulator") is used to modulate the frequency
input of another (the "carrier.") </P>
<P>The plan for our instrument is to have the plucked string attack dissolve
into an FM sustain which transforms into a vocal release. The orchestra
and score are as follows:</P>
<PRE><TT> instr 13 ; toot13.orc
iamp = ampdb(p4) / 2 ; amplitude, scaled for two sources
ipluckamp = p6 ; % of total amp, 1=dB amp as in p4
ipluckdur = p7*p3 ; % of total dur, 1=entire dur of note
ipluckoff = p3 - ipluckdur
ifmamp = p8 ; % of total amp, 1=dB amp as in p4
ifmrise = p9*p3 ; % of total dur, 1=entire dur of note
ifmdec = p10*p3 ; % of total duration
ifmoff = p3 - (ifmrise + ifmdec)
index = p11
ivibdepth = p12
ivibrate = p13
iformantamp = p14 ; % of total amp, 1=dB amp as in p4
iformantrise = p15*p3 ; % of total dur, 1=entire dur of note
iformantdec = p3 - iformantrise
kpluck linseg ipluckamp, ipluckdur, 0, ipluckoff, 0
apluck1 pluck iamp, p5, p5, 0, 1
apluck2 pluck iamp, p5*1.003, p5*1.003, 0, 1
apluck = kpluck * (apluck1+apluck2)
kfm linseg 0, ifmrise, ifmamp, ifmdec, 0, ifmoff, 0
kndx = kfm * index
afm1 foscil iamp, p5, 1, 2, kndx, 1
afm2 foscil iamp, p5*1.003, 1.003, 2.003, kndx, 1
afm = kfm * (afm1+afm2)
kfrmnt linseg 0, iformantrise, iformantamp, iformantdec, 0
kvib oscil ivibdepth,ivibrate,1
afrmnt1 fof iamp, p5+kvib, 650, 0, 40, .003, .017, .007, 4, 1, 2, p3
afrmnt2 fof iamp, (p5*1.001)+kvib*.009, 650, 0, 40, .003,.017,.007, 10,1,2,p3
aformnt = kfrmnt * (afrmnt1+afrmnt2)
out apluck + afm + aformnt
endin
f1 0 8192 10 1 ; sine wave
f2 0 2048 19 .5 1 270 1 ; sigmoid rise
;ins st dr mp frq plkmp plkdr fmp fmris fmdec indx vbdp vbrt frmp fris
i13 0 5 80 200 .8 .3 .7 .2 .35 8 1 5 3 .5
i13 + 8 80 100 . .4 .7 .35 .35 7 1 6 3 .7
i13 . 13 80 50 . .3 .7 .2 .4 6 1 4 3 .6</TT>
</PRE>
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<B><I><FONT COLOR="#006600">HTML Csound Manual - <FONT SIZE=-1>©
Jean Piché & Peter J. Nix, 1994-97</FONT></FONT></I></B>
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