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First of all, comment out every line of <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt> by
placing a hash sign (`<tt>#</tt>') in front of it (if it isn't already
there).
<P>
Then you need to add new "<tt>deb</tt>" lines describing the location(s)
where apt will get the new packages from. You can add "<tt>deb</tt>" lines
for a packages mirror on a local harddisk, and/or FTP/HTTP mirrors, and/or
(a set of) CD-ROMs. `Apt' will consider all packages that can be found
via any "<tt>deb</tt>" line, and use the one with the highest version
number, giving priority to the first mentioned lines. (So, in case of
multiple mirror locations, you'd typically first name a local harddisk,
then CD-ROMs, and finally FTP/HTTP mirrors.)
<P>
<UL>
<LI>
For an archive on a local harddisk, that for example has these directories,
#if OUTPUTtext
<PRE>
/var/ftp/debian/dists/potato/main/binary-ARCH/...
/var/ftp/debian/dists/potato/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
--------------- ------ |\
\________ \_ | \___
add: \ \ | \
--------------- ------ | \
deb file:/var/ftp/debian potato main contrib
</PRE>
#endif
#if OUTPUThtml
<PRE>
/var/ftp/debian/dists/potato/main/binary-ARCH/...
/var/ftp/debian/dists/potato/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
--------------- ------ |\
\________ \_ | \___
add: \ \ | \
--------------- ------ | \
deb file:/var/ftp/debian potato main contrib
</PRE>
#endif
As shown, the `<tt>dists</tt>' is added implicitly, and the 3rd
and following arguments are used to expand the path into multiple
directories.
<BR> <BR>
If you have a complete mirror that also has non-free and non-US, you
typically have to add lines like these:
<BR> <BR>
<tt>
deb file:/var/ftp/debian potato main contrib non-free <BR>
deb file:/var/ftp/debian-non-US potato/non-US main contrib non-free
</tt>
<BR> <BR>
If you don't have such a structure, other description lines are
possible, see the <tt>sources.list</tt>
#if MANPAGEseebelow
manpage (see below).
#else
manpage.
#endif
</LI>
<BR> <BR>
<LI>
FTP and HTTP packages mirror addresses can be found on
#if CDROMreadme
#if OUTPUTtext
this CD in README.mirrors.txt, or on
#endif
#if OUTPUThtml
this CD in <a href="README.mirrors.html">README.mirrors.html</a>, or on
#endif
#endif
#if OUTPUTtext
http://www.debian.org/distrib/ftplist,
#endif
#if OUTPUThtml
<a href="http://www.debian.org/distrib/ftplist">http://www.debian.org/distrib/ftplist</a>,
#endif
look at the "Full list of mirrors".
<BR> <BR>
If the mirror has these directories:
#if OUTPUTtext
<PRE>
ftp://some-server/debian/dists/potato/main/binary-ARCH/...
ftp://some-server/debian/dists/potato/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
------------------------ ------ | |
\___ / | |
add: \ / | |
------------------------ ------ | |
deb ftp://some-server/debian potato main contrib
</PRE>
#endif
#if OUTPUThtml
<PRE>
ftp://some-server/debian/dists/potato/main/binary-ARCH/...
ftp://some-server/debian/dists/potato/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
------------------------ ------ | |
\___ / | |
add: \ / | |
------------------------ ------ | |
deb ftp://some-server/debian potato main contrib
</PRE>
#endif
As shown, the `<tt>dists</tt>' is added implicitly, and the 3rd
and following arguments are used to expand the path into multiple
directories.
<BR> <BR>
If you use a complete mirror that also has non-free and non-US, you
typically have to add lines like these:
<BR> <BR>
<tt>
deb ftp://some-server/debian potato main contrib non-free <BR>
deb ftp://some-server/debian-non-US potato/non-US main contrib non-free
</tt>
<BR> <BR>
If the mirror doesn't have such a structure, other description lines are
possible, see the <tt>sources.list</tt>
#if MANPAGEseebelow
manpage (see below).
#else
manpage.
#endif
#if UPGRADING
<BR> <BR>
NOTE: if you're using the static versions of `apt' and `dpkg' from this
directory, the hostname-lookup is "broken" (which is one reason to just
use slink's `apt'). The solution is to simply put the mirrors' IP address
in the "<tt>deb</tt>" line. (Hint: "<tt>nslookup some-server</tt>")
#endif
</LI>
<BR> <BR>
<LI>
If you use (one or more) CD-ROMs, do _not_ add any lines to sources.list
manually.
<BR> <BR>
Instead, first make sure there is a line in <tt>/etc/fstab</tt> that
connects the <tt>/cdrom</tt> mount point with your CD-ROM drive (the
exact `<tt>/cdrom</tt>' mount point is "required" for apt). For example,
if
#if ARCHi386
<tt>/dev/hdc</tt>
#else
<tt>/dev/scd0</tt>
#endif
is your CD-ROM drive, <tt>/etc/fstab</tt> should
contain a line
#if ARCHi386
#if OUTPUTtext
<PRE>
/dev/hdc /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
</PRE>
#endif
#if OUTPUThtml
<PRE>
/dev/hdc /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
</PRE>
#endif
#else
#if OUTPUTtext
<PRE>
/dev/scd0 /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
</PRE>
#endif
#if OUTPUThtml
<PRE>
/dev/scd0 /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
</PRE>
#endif
#endif
To test this, insert a CD-ROM and give commands
<BR> <BR>
<tt> mount /cdrom</tt><BR>
<tt> ls -alF /cdrom </tt>
(this should show the CD-ROM's root directory)<BR>
<tt> umount /cdrom</tt>
<BR> <BR>
Then, use the command
<BR> <BR>
<tt>
apt-cdrom add
</tt>
<BR> <BR>
to add the data of each CD-ROM to apt's internal database.
This command will ask for one CD-ROM per run, and mount/unmount the
CD-ROM automatically. You should repeat this command for all 2.2 `Binary'
CD-ROMs you have.
#if UPGRADING
(`Source' CD-ROMs can be added as well, but only with the
latest version of `apt' from this directory, and they are not needed for
the upgrade anyway.)
#endif
</LI>
</UL>
<P>
When the <tt>sources.list</tt> is correct,
the final step of the preparation is to update apt's internal database
with the command
<P>
<tt>
apt-get update
</tt>
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