# EugenioB <eugeniob@racine.ra.it>, 2012.
# Beatrice Torracca <beatricet@libero.it>, 2014.
# Marco De Luca <marcodeluca@hotmail.it>, 2015.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: 0\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-05-17 17:54+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-01-30 20:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Marco De Luca <marcodeluca@hotmail.it>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/06_apt/it/>\n"
"Language: it-IT\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
"X-Generator: Weblate 2.5-dev\n"

msgid "apt"
msgstr "apt"

msgid "apt-get"
msgstr "apt-get"

msgid "apt-cache"
msgstr "apt-cache"

msgid "aptitude"
msgstr "aptitude"

msgid "synaptic"
msgstr "synaptic"

msgid "sources.list"
msgstr "sources.list"

msgid "apt-cdrom"
msgstr "apt-cdrom"

msgid "Maintenance and Updates: The APT Tools"
msgstr "Manutenzione ed aggiornamento: gli strumenti APT"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "What makes Debian so popular with administrators is how easily software can be installed and how easily the whole system can be updated. This unique advantage is largely due to the <emphasis>APT</emphasis> program, that Falcot Corp administrators studied with enthusiasm."
msgid "What makes Debian so popular with administrators is how easily software can be installed and how easily the whole system can be updated. This unique advantage is largely due to the <emphasis>APT</emphasis> program, which Falcot Corp administrators studied with enthusiasm."
msgstr "Ciò che rende così popolare Debian tra gli amministratori è la facilità con cui il software può essere installato e la facilità con cui l'intero sistema può essere aggiornato. Questo vantaggio è dovuto in gran parte al programma <emphasis>APT</emphasis>, che gli amministratori di Falcot Corp hanno studiato con entusiasmo."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>tag</primary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>etichetta</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>seal</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>Advanced Package Tool</primary><seealso>APT</seealso>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sigillo</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<indexterm><primary>APT</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>Advanced Package Tool</primary></indexterm> APT is the abbreviation for Advanced Package Tool. What makes this program “advanced” is its approach to packages. It doesn't simply evaluate them individually, but it considers them as a whole and produces the best possible combination of packages depending on what is available and compatible (according to dependencies)."
msgid "<acronym>APT</acronym> is the abbreviation for Advanced Package Tool. What makes this program “advanced” is its approach to packages. It doesn't simply evaluate them individually, but it considers them as a whole and produces the best possible combination of packages depending on what is available and compatible according to dependencies."
msgstr "<indexterm><primary>APT</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>Advanced Package Tool</primary></indexterm> APT è l'abbreviazione di Advanced Package Tool (Strumento avanzato per i pacchetti). Ciò che rende questo programma «avanzato» è il suo approccio ai pacchetti. Non li valuta singolarmente, ma li considera nel loro insieme e produce la migliore combinazione possibile di pacchetti in base a ciò che è disponibile e compatibile (secondo le dipendenze)."

msgid "<emphasis>VOCABULARY</emphasis> Package source and source package"
msgstr "<emphasis>VOCABOLARIO</emphasis> Sorgente di un pacchetto e pacchetto sorgente"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>source of</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>source package</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sorgente o fonte di</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>priority</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package source</primary><seealso>repository</seealso>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>priorità</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The word <emphasis>source</emphasis> can be ambiguous. A source package — a package containing the source code of a program — should not be confused with a package source — a repository (website, FTP server, CD-ROM, local directory, etc.) which contains packages."
msgid "The word <emphasis>source</emphasis> can be ambiguous. A \"source package\" — a package containing the source code of a program — should not be confused with a \"package source\" — a repository (website, FTP server, CD-ROM, local directory, etc.) which contains packages."
msgstr "La parola <emphasis>sorgente</emphasis> può essere ambigua. Un pacchetto sorgente, un pacchetto contenente il codice sorgente di un programma, non dev'essere confuso con la sorgente o fonte di un pacchetto, un archivio (sito web, server FTP, CD-ROM, cartella locale, ecc.) nel quale sono contenuti i pacchetti."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "APT needs to be given a “list of package sources”: the file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> will list the different repositories (or “sources”) that publish Debian packages. APT will then import the list of packages published by each of these sources. This operation is achieved by downloading <filename>Packages.xz</filename> or a variant using a different compression method (such as <filename>Packages.gz</filename> or <filename>.bz2</filename>) files (in case of a source of binary packages) and <filename>Sources.xz</filename> or a variant (in case of a source of source packages) and by analyzing their contents. When an old copy of these files is already present, APT can update it by only downloading the differences (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-pdiff\" />)."
msgid "APT needs to be given a “list of package sources (repositories)”: the file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> will list the different repositories that publish Debian packages. APT will then import the list of packages published by each of these sources. This operation is achieved by downloading <filename>Packages.xz</filename> files or a variant such as <filename>Packages.gz</filename> or <filename>.bz2</filename> (using a different compression method) in case of a source of binary packages and by analyzing their contents. In case of a source of source packages, APT downloads <filename>Sources.xz</filename> files or a variant using a different compression method. When an old copy of these files is already present, APT can update it by only downloading the differences (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-pdiff\" />)."
msgstr "APT ha bisogno di ricevere una \"lista di sorgenti dei pacchetti\": nel file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> vengono elencati i diversi repository (o \"fonti\") che pubblicano i pacchetti Debian. APT sarà quindi in grado di importare la lista dei pacchetti pubblicati da ciascuna di queste fonti. Questa operazione si ottiene scaricando i file <filename>Packages.xz</filename> o una variante (in caso di una sorgente dei pacchetti binari) che utilizza un metodo di compressione dei file differente (come <filename>Packages.gz</filename> o <filename>.bz2</filename>) e <filename>Sources.xz</filename> o una variante (in caso di una sorgente di pacchetti sorgente) ed analizzando il loro contenuto. Quando è già presente una vecchia copia di questi file, APT può aggiornarlo scaricando solo le differenze (vedi riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-pdiff\" />)."

msgid "<primary><filename>Packages.xz</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Packages.xz</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>Packages.xz</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>Packages.gz</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Packages.xz</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>Packages.xz</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>Packages.bz2</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Packages.xz</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>Sources.xz</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Sources.xz</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>Sources.xz</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>Sources.gz</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Sources.xz</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>Sources.xz</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>Sources.bz2</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Sources.xz</filename></primary>"

msgid "<emphasis>BACK TO BASICS</emphasis> <command>gzip</command>, <command>bzip2</command>, <command>LZMA</command> and <command>XZ</command> Compression"
msgstr "<emphasis>FONDAMENTALI</emphasis> Compressione <command>gzip</command>, <command>bzip2</command>, <command>LZMA</command> e <command>XZ</command>"

msgid "<primary><command>gzip</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>gzip</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>bzip2</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>bzip2</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>lzma</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>lzma</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>xz</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>xz</command></primary>"

msgid "A <filename>.gz</filename> extension refers to a file compressed with the <command>gzip</command> utility. <command>gzip</command> is the fast and efficient traditional Unix utility to compress files. Newer tools achieve better rates of compression but require more resources (computation time and memory) to compress and uncompress a file. Among them, and by order of appearance, there are <command>bzip2</command> (generating files with a <filename>.bz2</filename> extension), <command>lzma</command> (generating <filename>.lzma</filename> files) and <command>xz</command> (generating <filename>.xz</filename> files)."
msgstr "L'estensione <filename>.gz</filename> si riferisce ad un file compresso con lo strumento <command>gzip</command>. <command>gzip</command> è lo strumento Unix tradizionale, veloce ed efficiente per la compressione di file. I nuovi strumenti consentono di ottenere migliori tassi di compressione, ma richiedono più risorse (tempo di calcolo e memoria) per comprimere un file. Tra questi, in ordine di apparizione, ci sono <command>bzip2</command> (che genera file con estensione <filename>.bz2</filename>), <command>lzma</command> (che genera file con estensione <filename>.lzma</filename>) e <command>xz</command> (che genera file con estensione <filename>.xz</filename>)."

msgid "Filling in the <filename>sources.list</filename> File"
msgstr "Compilazione del file <filename>sources.list</filename>"

msgid "<primary><filename>sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>sources.list</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary>source</primary><secondary>of packages</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>fonte</primary><secondary>di pacchetti</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>source of</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sorgente o fonte di</secondary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

msgid "Syntax"
msgstr "Sintassi"

msgid "Each active line in the <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file represents a package source (repository) and is made of at least three parts separated by spaces. For a complete description of the file format and the accepted entry compositions see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sources.list</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgid "Example entry format in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

msgid ""
"deb url distribution component1 component2 component3 [..] componentX\n"
"deb-src url distribution component1 component2 component3 [..] componentX\n"
"        "
msgstr ""

msgid "The first field indicates the source type:"
msgstr "Il primo campo indica il tipo di sorgente:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "“<literal>deb</literal>” for binary packages,"
msgid "<literal>deb</literal>"
msgstr "«<literal>deb</literal>» per i pacchetti binari,"

msgid "package source (repository) of binary packages"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "“<literal>deb-src</literal>” for source packages."
msgid "<literal>deb-src</literal>"
msgstr "«<literal>deb-src</literal>» per i pacchetti sorgente."

msgid "package source (repository) of source packages"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The second field gives the base URL of the source (combined with the filenames present in the <filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, it must give a full and valid URL): this can consist in a Debian mirror or in any other package archive set up by a third party. The URL can start with <literal>file://</literal> to indicate a local source installed in the system's file hierarchy, with <literal>http://</literal> to indicate a source accessible from a web server, or with <literal>ftp://</literal> for a source available on an FTP server. The URL can also start with <literal>cdrom:</literal> for CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/Blu-ray disc based installations, although this is less frequent, since network-based installation methods are more and more common."
msgid "The second field gives the base URL of the source. Combined with the filenames listed in the <filename>Packages.xz</filename> files, it must give a full and valid URL. This can consist in a Debian mirror or in any other package archive set up by a third party. The URL can start with <literal>file://</literal> to indicate a local source installed in the system's file hierarchy, with <literal>http://</literal> or <literal>https://</literal> to indicate a source accessible from a web server server, or with <literal>ftp://</literal> or <literal>ftps://</literal> for a source available on an FTP server. The URL can also start with <literal>cdrom:</literal> for CD-ROM/DVD/Blu-ray disc based installations, although this is less frequent, since network-based installation methods are eventually more common."
msgstr "Il secondo campo fornisce l'URL di base della sorgente (in combinazione con i nomi dei file presenti nel file <filename>Packages.gz</filename>, deve costituire un URL completo e valido): questo può essere costituito da un mirror Debian o un qualsiasi altro insieme di archivi di pacchetto di una terza parte. L'URL può iniziare con <literal>file://</literal> per indicare una fonte locale installata all'interno della gerarchia di file del sistema, con <literal>http://</literal> per indicare una sorgente accessibile da un server web, o con <literal>ftp://</literal> per una sorgente disponibile su un server FTP. L'URL può anche iniziare con <literal>cdrom:</literal> per installazioni basate su dischi CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/Blu-ray, anche se ciò è meno frequente, in quanto sono sempre più comuni i metodi di installazione basati sulla rete."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The syntax of the last field depends on the structure of the repository. In the simplest cases, you can simply indicate a subdirectory (with a required trailing slash) of the desired source (this is often a simple “<filename>./</filename>” which refers to the absence of a subdirectory — the packages are then directly at the specified URL). But in the most common case, the repositories will be structured like a Debian mirror, with multiple distributions each having multiple components. In those cases, name the chosen distribution (by its “codename” — see the list in sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.bruce-perens\" /> — or by the corresponding “suites” — <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, <literal>unstable</literal>), then the components (or sections) to enable (chosen between <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal>, and <literal>non-free</literal> in a typical Debian mirror)."
msgid "The syntax of the last field depends on the structure of the repository. In the simplest case, you can simply indicate a subdirectory (with a required trailing slash) of the desired source. This is often a simple “<filename>./</filename>” which refers to the absence of a subdirectory. The packages are then directly at the specified URL. But in the most common case, the repositories will be structured like a Debian mirror, with multiple distributions, each having multiple components. In those cases, name the chosen distribution by its “codename” — see the list in sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.bruce-perens\" /> — or by the corresponding “suite” <literal>oldstable</literal>, <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, <literal>unstable</literal>) and then the components to enable. A typical Debian mirror provides the components <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal>, and <literal>non-free</literal>."
msgstr "La sintassi dell'ultimo campo dipende dalla struttura del repository. Nei casi più semplici basta indicare una sottodirectory (con la barra obliqua finale obbligatoria) della sorgente desiderata (spesso è un semplice «<filename>./</filename>» che indica l'assenza di una sottodirectory: i pacchetti sono allora direttamente all'URL specificato). Nella maggior parte dei casi comuni, però, i repository saranno strutturati come un mirror Debian, con più distribuzioni ciascuna con più componenti. In questi casi, indicare la distribuzione scelta (con il suo «nome in codice», per il quale vedere la lista nel riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.bruce-perens\" />, oppure con la «suite»  corrispondente: <literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, <literal>unstable</literal>), poi le componenti (o sezioni) da abilitare (scelte in un mirror Debian tipico tra <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal> e <literal>non-free</literal>)."

msgid "<emphasis>VOCABULARY</emphasis> The <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal> and <literal>non-free</literal> archives"
msgstr "<emphasis>VOCABOLARIO</emphasis> Gli archivi <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal> e <literal>non-free</literal>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>component</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>main</literal>, section</primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>main</literal>, component</primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>main</literal>, sezione</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>component</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>contrib</literal>, section</primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>contrib</literal>, component</primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>contrib</literal>, sezione</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>component</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>non-free</literal>, section</primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>non-free</literal>, component</primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>non-free</literal>, sezione</primary>"

msgid "<primary>component (of a repository)</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>componente (di un repository)</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Debian uses three sections to differentiate packages according to the licenses chosen by the authors of each work. <literal>Main</literal> gathers all packages which fully comply with the Debian Free Software Guidelines."
msgid "Debian uses three components to differentiate packages according to the licenses chosen by the authors of each work. <literal>Main</literal> gathers all packages which fully comply with the <ulink url=\"https://www.debian.org/social_contract.html#guidelines\">Debian Free Software Guidelines</ulink>."
msgstr "Debian usa tre sezioni per differenziare i pacchetti in base alla licenza scelta dagli autori di ciascun lavoro. <literal>Main</literal> (l'archivio principale) raccoglie tutti i pacchetti che sono pienamente conformi alle Linee guida per il software libero di Debian."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The <literal>non-free</literal> archive is different because it contains software which does not (entirely) conform to these principles but which can nevertheless be distributed without restrictions. This archive, which is not officially part of Debian, is a service for users who could need some of those programs — however Debian always recommends giving priority to free software. The existence of this section represents a considerable problem for Richard M. Stallman and keeps the Free Software Foundation from recommending Debian to users."
msgid "The <literal>non-free</literal> component is different because it contains software which does not (entirely) conform to these principles but which can, nevertheless, be distributed without restrictions. This archive, which is not officially part of Debian, is a service for users who could need some of those programs and, nowadays, also require the firmware for their hardware. However, Debian always recommends giving priority to free software. The existence of this component represents a considerable problem for Richard M. Stallman and keeps the Free Software Foundation from recommending Debian to users."
msgstr "L'archivio <literal>non-free</literal> è diverso perché contiene software che non è (pienamente) conforme a questi principi ma che può ciò nonostante essere distribuito senza restrizioni. Questo archivio, che non fa ufficialmente parte di Debian, è un servizio per gli utenti che potrebbero aver bisogno di alcuni di tali programmi; Debian tuttavia raccomanda sempre di dare priorità al software libero. L'esistenza di questa sezione rappresenta, per Richard M. Stallman, un problema considerevole e fa sì che la Free Software Foundation non raccomandi Debian agli utenti."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<literal>Contrib</literal> (contributions) is a set of open source software which cannot function without some non-free elements. These elements can be software from the <literal>non-free</literal> section, or non-free files such as game ROMs, BIOS of consoles, etc. <literal>Contrib</literal> also includes free software whose compilation requires proprietary elements. This was initially the case for the OpenOffice.org office suite, which used to require a proprietary Java environment."
msgid "<literal>Contrib</literal> (contributions) is a set of open source software which cannot function without some non-free elements — these elements can be software from the <literal>non-free</literal> section, or non-free files such as game ROMs, BIOS of consoles, etc. — or some elements, not available from the Debian <literal>main</literal> archive at all. The <literal>contrib</literal> component also includes free software whose compilation requires proprietary elements. This was initially the case for the OpenOffice.org office suite, which used to require a proprietary Java environment."
msgstr "<literal>Contrib</literal> (contribuzioni) è un insieme di software open source che non può funzionare senza alcuni elementi non liberi. Questi elementi possono essere software della sezione <literal>non-free</literal>, oppure file non liberi come le ROM di giochi, BIOS di console, ecc. <literal>Contrib</literal> include anche il software libero la cui compilazione richiede elementi proprietari. Questo è stato inizialmente il caso della suite per l'ufficio OpenOffice.org, che richiedeva un ambiente Java proprietario."

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list</filename> files"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> File <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list</filename>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

msgid "If many package sources are referenced, it can be useful to split them in multiple files. Each part is then stored in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/<replaceable>filename</replaceable>.list</filename> (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.directory.d\" />)."
msgstr "Se si fa riferimento a molte sorgenti di pacchetti, può essere utile dividerle in più file. Ogni parte viene quindi conservata in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/<replaceable>nomefile</replaceable>.list</filename> (vedere il riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.directory.d\" />)."

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cdrom</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cdrom</command></primary>"

msgid "The <literal>cdrom</literal> entries describe the CD/DVD-ROMs you have. Contrary to other entries, a CD-ROM is not always available since it has to be inserted into the drive and since only one disc can be read at a time. For those reasons, these sources are managed in a slightly different way, and need to be added with the <command>apt-cdrom</command> program, usually executed with the <literal>add</literal> parameter. The latter will then request the disc to be inserted in the drive and will browse its contents looking for <filename>Packages</filename> files. It will use these files to update its database of available packages (this operation is usually done by the <command>apt update</command> command). From then on, APT can require the disc to be inserted if it needs one of its packages."
msgstr "Le voci <literal>cdrom</literal> descrivono i CD/DVD-ROM che si possiedono. Contrariamente alle altre voci un CD-ROM non è sempre disponibile in quanto deve essere inserito nell'unità e dato che può essere letto solo un disco alla volta. Per questi motivi, queste sorgenti sono gestite in maniera leggermente differente e devono essere aggiunte con il programma <command>apt-cdrom</command>, solitamente eseguito con il parametro <literal>add</literal>. Quest'ultimo chiederà di inserire il disco nel lettore e cercherà nel contenuto alla ricerca dei file <filename>Packages</filename>. Questi file saranno usati per aggiornare il database dei pacchetti disponibili (questa operazione di norma è fatta dal comando <command>apt update</command>). Da quel momento in poi, APT può richiedere di inserire il disco se avrà bisogno di uno dei suoi pacchetti."

msgid "Repositories for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> Users"
msgstr "Repository per gli utenti di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>"

msgid "Here is a standard <filename>sources.list</filename> for a system running the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> version of Debian:"
msgstr "Questo è un <filename>sources.list</filename> per un sistema che utilizza la versione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> di Debian:"

msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file for users of Debian Stable"
msgstr "File <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> per gli utenti di Debian Stable"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary><secondary>Example</secondary><tertiary><literal>stable</literal></tertiary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "# Security updates\n"
#| "deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "\n"
#| "## Debian mirror\n"
#| "\n"
#| "# Base repository\n"
#| "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie main contrib non-free\n"
#| "\n"
#| "# Stable updates\n"
#| "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "\n"
#| "# Stable backports\n"
#| "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free"
msgid ""
"# Security updates\n"
"deb http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"## Debian mirror\n"
"\n"
"# Base repository\n"
"deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Stable updates\n"
"deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Stable backports\n"
"deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main contrib non-free"
msgstr ""
"# Aggiornamenti di sicurezza\n"
"deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"## Mirror Debian\n"
"\n"
"# Repository base\n"
"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Aggiornamenti di Stable\n"
"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-updates main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Backport Stable\n"
"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "This file lists all sources of packages associated with the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> version of Debian (the current <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> as of this writing). We opted to name “jessie” explicitly instead of using the corresponding “stable“ alias (<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>stable-updates</literal>, <literal>stable-backports</literal>) because we don't want to have the underlying distribution changed outside of our control when the next stable release comes out."
msgid "This file lists all sources of packages associated with the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis> version of Debian (the current <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> suite as of this writing). In the example above, we opted to name “buster” explicitly instead of using the corresponding “stable“ aliases (<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>stable-updates</literal>, <literal>stable-backports</literal>) because we don't want to have the underlying distribution changed outside of our control when the next stable release comes out."
msgstr "Il file installa tutte le sorgenti di pacchetti associate con la versione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> di Debian (l'attuale <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> al momento della stesura di questo documento). Si è scelto di indicare esplicitamente \"jessie\" invece di usare il corrispondente alias \"stabile\" (<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>stable-updates</literal>, <literal>stable-backports</literal>)  perché non si desidera che la sottostante distribuzione venga cambiata senza il controllo degli amministratori quando verrà pubblicato il prossimo rilascio stabile."

msgid "Most packages will come from the “base repository” which contains all packages but is seldom updated (about once every 2 months for a “point release”). The other repositories are partial (they do not contain all packages) and can host updates (packages with newer version) that APT might install. The following sections will explain the purpose and the rules governing each of those repositories."
msgstr "La maggior parte di pacchetti proviene dal «repository base» che contiene tutti i pacchetti ma che viene aggiornato di rado (circa una volta ogni 2  mesi per un «rilascio minore»). Gli altri repository sono parziali (non contengono tutti i pacchetti) e possono ospitare aggiornamenti (pacchetti con versioni più recenti) che APT può installare. Le sezioni seguenti spiegheranno lo scopo di ognuno di questi repository e le regole che lo governano."

msgid "Note that when the desired version of a package is available on several repositories, the first one listed in the <filename>sources.list</filename> file will be used. For this reason, non-official sources are usually added at the end of the file."
msgstr "Notare che, quando la versione desiderata di un pacchetto è disponibile su diversi repository, verrà usato quello elencato per primo nel file <filename>sources.list</filename>. Per questa ragione, le sorgenti non ufficiali vengono solitamente aggiunte alla fine del file."

msgid "As a side note, most of what this section says about <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> applies equally well to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Oldstable</emphasis> since the latter is just an older <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> that is maintained in parallel."
msgstr "Notare anche che la maggior parte di ciò che questa sezione dice riguardo a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> vale allo stesso modo per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Oldstable</emphasis>, dato che quest'ultima non è altro che una più vecchia versione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> che viene mantenuta in parallelo."

msgid "Security Updates"
msgstr "Aggiornamenti di sicurezza"

msgid "<primary><literal>security.debian.org</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>security.debian.org</literal></primary>"

msgid "<primary>security updates</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti di sicurezza</primary>"

msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>security updates</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti</primary><secondary>aggiornamenti di sicurezza</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>CVE</primary><secondary>Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>configurazione</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>header display</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>DSA</primary><secondary>Debian Security Advisory</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>visualizzazione delle intestazioni</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures</primary><seealso>CVE</seealso>"
msgstr ""

msgid "<primary>Debian Security Advisory</primary><seealso>DSA</seealso>"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>security updates</primary>"
msgid "<primary>debian-security-announce</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti di sicurezza</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The security updates are not hosted on the usual network of Debian mirrors but on <literal>security.debian.org</literal> (on a small set of machines maintained by the <link linkend=\"dsa-team\">Debian System Administrators</link>). This archive contains security updates (prepared by the Debian Security Team and/or by package maintainers) for the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> distribution."
msgid "Debian takes security seriously. Known software vulnerabilities in Debian are tracked in the <ulink url=\"https://security-tracker.debian.org\">Security Bug Tracker</ulink> and usually get fixed in a reasonable timeframe. The security updates are not hosted on the usual network of Debian mirrors but on <literal>security.debian.org</literal>, a small set of machines maintained by the <link linkend=\"dsa-team\">Debian System Administrators</link>. This archive contains security updates prepared by the Debian Security Team and/or by package maintainers for the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Oldstable</emphasis> distribution."
msgstr "Gli aggiornamenti di sicurezza vengono ospitati sulla consueta rete di mirror Debian, ma in <literal>security.debian.org</literal> (su un piccolo insieme di macchine mantenute dai <link linkend=\"dsa-team\">Debian System Administrator</link>). Questo archivio contiene aggiornamenti di sicurezza (preparati dal Team Debian per la sicurezza o dai manutentori dei pacchetti) per la distribuzione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The server can also host security updates for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> but this doesn't happen very often since those updates tend to reach <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> via the regular flow of updates coming from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>."
msgid "The server can also host security updates for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> but this doesn't happen very often since those updates tend to reach the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> suite via the regular flow of updates coming from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>."
msgstr "Il server può anche ospitare aggiornamenti di sicurezza per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, ma ciò non accade molto spesso dato che questi aggiornamenti tendono a raggiungere <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> attraverso il regolare flusso di aggiornamenti che proviene da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>."

msgid "For serious issues, the security team issues a <literal>Debian Security Advisory</literal> (<acronym>DSA</acronym>) and announces it together with the security update on the <email>debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org</email> mailing list (<ulink url=\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/\">archive</ulink>)."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>mailing lists</primary><secondary><email>debian-security-announce@lists.debian.org</email></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"

msgid "Stable Updates"
msgstr "Aggiornamenti di Stable"

msgid "<primary>stable updates</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti di stable</primary>"

msgid "<primary><literal>stable-updates</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>stable-updates</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>stable-updates</literal></primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>buster-updates</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>stable-updates</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>backports</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>buster</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti</primary><secondary>backport</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>stable updates</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>stable</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>stable</primary><secondary>aggiornamenti di stable</secondary>"

msgid "Stable updates are not security sensitive but are deemed important enough to be pushed to users before the next stable point release."
msgstr "Gli aggiornamenti di Stable non sono relativi alla sicurezza, ma vengono considerati sufficientemente importanti da essere passati agli utenti prima del successivo rilascio minore di stable."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "This repository will typically contain fixes for critical bugs which could not be fixed before release or which have been introduced by subsequent updates. Depending on the urgency, it can also contain updates for packages that have to evolve over time… like <emphasis role=\"pkg\">spamassassin</emphasis>'s spam detection rules, <emphasis role=\"pkg\">clamav</emphasis>'s virus database, or the daylight-saving time rules of all timezones (<emphasis role=\"pkg\">tzdata</emphasis>)."
msgid "This repository will typically contain fixes for critical and serious bugs which could not be fixed before release or which have been introduced by subsequent updates. Depending on the urgency, it can also contain updates for packages that have to evolve over time, like <emphasis role=\"pkg\">spamassassin</emphasis>'s spam detection rules, <emphasis role=\"pkg\">clamav</emphasis>'s virus database, the daylight-saving time rules of all timezones (<emphasis role=\"pkg\">tzdata</emphasis>), the <acronym>ESR</acronym> version of Firefox (<emphasis role=\"pkg\">firefox-esr</emphasis>) or cryptographic keyrings like <emphasis role=\"pkg\">debian-archive-keyring</emphasis>."
msgstr "Questo repository tipicamente contiene la risoluzione di bug critici che non non è stato possibile risolvere prima del rilascio o che sono stati introdotti dagli aggiornamenti successivi. A seconda dell'urgenza, può anche contenere gli aggiornamenti per i pacchetti che devono evolvere nel tempo… come le regole di rilevamento spam di <emphasis role=\"pkg\">spamassassin</emphasis>, il database dei virus di <emphasis role=\"pkg\">clamav</emphasis>, o le regole per l'ora legale di tutti i fusi orari (<emphasis role=\"pkg\">tzdata</emphasis>)."

msgid "In practice, this repository is a subset of the <literal>proposed-updates</literal> repository, carefully selected by the <link linkend=\"srm-team\">Stable Release Managers</link>. All updates are announced on the <email>debian-stable-announce@lists.debian.org</email> mailing list (<ulink url=\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-stable-announce/\">archive</ulink>) and will be included in the next <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> point release anyway."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>mailing lists</primary><secondary><email>debian-stable-announce@lists.debian.org</email></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free\n"
msgid "deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free"
msgstr "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free\n"

msgid "Proposed Updates"
msgstr "Aggiornamenti proposti"

msgid "<primary><literal>proposed-updates</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>proposed-updates</literal></primary>"

msgid "<primary><literal>stable-proposed-updates</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>stable-proposed-updates</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>backports</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>proposed</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti</primary><secondary>backport</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary><literal>stable-proposed</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary><literal>stable</literal>, proposed</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

msgid "Once published, the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> distribution is only updated about once every 2 months. The <literal>proposed-updates</literal> repository is where the expected updates are prepared (under the supervision of the Stable Release Managers)."
msgstr "Una volta pubblicata, la distribuzione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> viene aggiornata solo ogni 2 mesi circa. Il repository <literal>proposed-updates</literal> è il luogo in cui gli aggiornamenti pianificati vengono preparati (sotto la supervisione dei Stable Release Manager)."

msgid "The security and stable updates documented in the former sections are always included in this repository, but there is more too, because package maintainers also have the opportunity to fix important bugs that do not deserve an immediate release."
msgstr "Gli aggiornamenti di sicurezza e quelli di stable documentati nelle sezioni precedenti sono sempre inclusi in questo repository, ma c'è anche di più, perché i manutentori di pacchetti hanno anche l'opportunità di risolvere importanti bug che non meritano un rilascio immediato."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Anyone can use this repository to test those updates before their official publication. The extract below uses the <literal>jessie-proposed-updates</literal> alias which is both more explicit and more consistent since <literal>wheezy-proposed-updates</literal> also exists (for the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Oldstable</emphasis> updates):"
msgid "Anyone can use this repository to test those updates before their official publication. The extract below uses the <literal>buster-proposed-updates</literal> alias which is both more explicit and more consistent since <literal>stretch-proposed-updates</literal> also exists (for the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Oldstable</emphasis> updates):"
msgstr "Chiunque può usare questo repository per testare tali aggiornamenti prima della loro pubblicazione ufficiale. L'esempio di seguito usa l'alias <literal>jessie-proposed-updates</literal> che è sia più esplicito sia più coerente dato che esiste anche <literal>wheezy-proposed-updates</literal> (per gli aggiornamenti di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Oldstable</emphasis>):"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-proposed-updates main contrib non-free"
msgid "deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-proposed-updates main contrib non-free"
msgstr "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian jessie-proposed-updates main contrib non-free"

msgid "Stable Backports"
msgstr "Backport per Stable"

msgid "<primary><literal>stable-backports</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>stable-backports</literal></primary>"

msgid "<primary>backport</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>backport</primary>"

msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>backports</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti</primary><secondary>backport</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary><literal>stable-backports</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary>backports</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>updates</primary><secondary><literal>stable</literal>, backports</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamenti</primary><secondary>backport</secondary>"

msgid "The <literal>stable-backports</literal> repository hosts “package backports”. The term refers to a package of some recent software which has been recompiled for an older distribution, generally for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>."
msgstr "Il repository <literal>stable-backports</literal> ospita i «backport di pacchetti». Questa espressione si riferisce ad un pacchetto di un qualche software recente che è stato ricompilato per una distribuzione più vecchia, generalmente per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "When the distribution becomes a little dated, numerous software projects have released new versions that are not integrated into the current <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> (which is only modified to address the most critical problems, such as security problems). Since the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> distributions can be more risky, package maintainers sometimes offer recompilations of recent software applications for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, which has the advantage to limit potential instability to a small number of chosen packages. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://backports.debian.org\" />"
msgid "When the distribution becomes a little dated, numerous software projects have released new versions that are not integrated into the current <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> suite, which is only modified to address the most critical problems, such as security issues. Since the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> suites can be more risky, package maintainers sometimes voluntarily offer recompilations of recent software applications for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, which has the advantage to users and system administrators to limit potential instability to a small number of chosen packages. The page <ulink url=\"https://backports.debian.org\" /> provides more information."
msgstr "Quando la distribuzione diventa un po' datata, numerosi progetti software hanno rilasciato nuove versioni che non sono integrate nell'attuale <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> (che è modificata solo per risolvere i problemi più critici, come quelli di sicurezza). Dal momento che le distribuzioni <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> possono essere più rischiose, a volte i manutentori di pacchetti offrono le versioni ricompilate per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> delle applicazioni recenti, il che ha il vantaggio di limitare la potenziale instabilità ad un esiguo numero di pacchetti selezionati. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://backports.debian.org/\" />"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>backports.debian.org</literal></primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>backports.debian.org</literal></primary><seealso>backports</seealso>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>backports.debian.org</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Backports from <literal>stable-backports</literal> are always created from packages available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. This ensures that all installed backports will be upgradable to the corresponding stable version once the next stable release of Debian is available."
msgid "Backports from <literal>stable-backports</literal> are only created from packages available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. This ensures that all installed backports will be upgradable to the corresponding stable version once the next stable release of Debian is available."
msgstr "I backport da <literal>stable-backports</literal> sono sempre creati dai pacchetti disponibili in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. Ciò assicura che tutti i backport installati siano aggiornabili alla corrispondente versione stabile, una volta che sia disponibile il successivo rilascio stabile di Debian."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Even though this repository provides newer versions of packages, APT will not install them unless you give explicit instructions to do so (or unless you have already done so with a former version of the given backport):"
msgid "Even though this repository provides newer versions of packages, <literal>APT</literal> will not install them unless you give explicit instructions to do so (or unless you have already done so with a former version of the given backport):"
msgstr "Anche se questo repository fornisce versioni più recenti dei pacchetti, APT non le installa a meno che non venga esplicitamente istruito per farlo (o almeno che non lo si abbia già fatto per una versione precedente dello specifico backport in questione):"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/jessie-backports\n"
#| "</userinput><computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt-get install -t jessie-backports <replaceable>package</replaceable>\n"
#| "</userinput>"
msgid ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/buster-backports\n"
"</userinput><computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt-get install -t buster-backports <replaceable>package</replaceable>\n"
"</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt-get install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/jessie-backports\n"
"</userinput><computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt-get install -t jessie-backports <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>\n"
"</userinput>"

msgid "Repositories for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>/<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> Users"
msgstr "Repository per gli utenti di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>/<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>"

msgid "Here is a standard <filename>sources.list</filename> for a system running the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> version of Debian:"
msgstr "Questo è un file <filename>sources.list</filename> standard per un sistema che utilizza la versione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> di Debian:"

msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file for users of Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>/<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>"
msgstr "File <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> per gli utenti di Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>/<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary><secondary>Example</secondary><tertiary><literal>unstable</literal></tertiary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "\n"
#| "# Unstable\n"
#| "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free\n"
#| "\n"
#| "# Testing\n"
#| "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free\n"
#| "\n"
#| "# Stable\n"
#| "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
#| "\n"
#| "# Security updates\n"
#| "deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free"
msgid ""
"\n"
"# Unstable\n"
"deb https://deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Testing\n"
"deb https://deb.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Testing security updates\n"
"deb http://security.debian.org/ testing-security main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://security.debian.org/ testing-security main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Stable\n"
"deb https://deb.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Stable security updates\n"
"deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free"
msgstr ""
"\n"
"# Unstable\n"
"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Testing\n"
"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Stable\n"
"deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
"\n"
"# Aggiornamenti di sicurezza\n"
"deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb-src http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main contrib non-free"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis>IN PRACTICE</emphasis> The Falcot Corp case"
msgid "<emphasis>NOTE</emphasis> Layout of security repositories"
msgstr "<emphasis>IN PRATICA</emphasis> Il caso della Falcot Corp"

msgid "Starting with Debian 11 <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Bullseye</emphasis>, the codename of the repository providing security updates has been renamed from <literal><replaceable>codename</replaceable>/updates</literal> into <literal><replaceable>codename</replaceable>-security</literal> to avoid the confusion with <literal><replaceable>codename</replaceable>-updates</literal> (see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-sources.list.stable.updates\" />)."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>APT::Default-Release</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "With this <filename>sources.list</filename> file APT will install packages from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. If that is not desired, use the <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> setting (see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-upgrade\" />) to instruct APT to pick packages from another distribution (most likely <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> in this case)."
msgid "With this <filename>sources.list</filename> file APT will install packages from the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> suite. If that is not desired, use the <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> setting (see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-upgrade\" />) to instruct APT to pick packages from another suite (most likely <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> in this case)."
msgstr "Con questo file <filename>sources.list</filename>, APT installerà i pacchetti da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. Se questo non è ciò che si desidera, usare l'impostazione <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-upgrade\" />) per indicare ad APT di scegliere i pacchetti da un'altra distribuzione (molto probabilmente <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> in questo caso)."

msgid "There are good reasons to include all those repositories, even though a single one should be enough. <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> users will appreciate the possibility to cherry-pick a fixed package from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> when the version in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> is affected by an annoying bug. On the opposite, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> users bitten by unexpected regressions have the possibility to downgrade packages to their (supposedly working) <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> version."
msgstr "Ci sono buone ragioni per includere tutti questi repository, anche se uno solo dovrebbe essere sufficiente. Gli utenti di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> apprezzeranno la possibilità di scegliere individualmente un particolare pacchetto da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> quando la versione in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> è affetta da un bug noioso. D'altro canto, gli utenti di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> colpiti da regressioni inaspettate hanno la possibilità di retrocedere pacchetti alla loro versione in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> (che si suppone funzionante)."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The inclusion of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> is more debatable but it often gives access to some packages which have been removed from the development versions. It also ensures that you get the latest updates for packages which have not been modified since the last stable release."
msgid "The inclusion of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> is more debatable but it often gives access to some packages, which have been removed from the development versions. It also ensures that you get the latest updates for packages, which have not been modified since the last stable release."
msgstr "L'inclusione di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> è più discussa, ma spesso dà accesso ad alcuni pacchetti che sono stati rimossi dalle versioni di sviluppo. Assicura inoltre di ottenere i più recenti aggiornamenti per i pacchetti che non sono stati modificati dall'ultimo rilascio stabile."

msgid "The <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> Repository"
msgstr "I repository <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis></primary>"
msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"distribution\">experimental</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "The archive of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> packages is present on all Debian mirrors, and contains packages which are not in the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> version yet because of their substandard quality — they are often software development versions or pre-versions (alpha, beta, release candidate…). A package can also be sent there after undergoing subsequent changes which can generate problems. The maintainer then tries to uncover them with help from advanced users who can handle important issues. After this first stage, the package is moved into <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, where it reaches a much larger audience and where it will be tested in much more detail."
msgstr "L'archivio dei pacchetti <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> è presente in tutti i mirror Debian, e contiene i pacchetti che non sono ancora nella distribuzione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> a causa della loro qualità inferiore agli standard — spesso sono versioni di sviluppo o pre-versioni (alfa, beta, candidata al rilascio...). Un pacchetto può anche essere inserito lì dopo aver subito modifiche che possono generare problemi. Il manutentore quindi cerca di scoprirli grazie all'aiuto di utenti esperti in grado di gestire problemi importanti. Dopo questa prima fase, il pacchetto viene spostato in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, dove raggiunge un pubblico molto più grande e dove verrà testato in modo molto più dettagliato."

msgid "<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> is generally used by users who do not mind breaking their system and then repairing it. This distribution gives the possibility to import a package which a user wants to try or use as the need arises. That is exactly how Debian approaches it, since adding it in APT's <filename>sources.list</filename> file does not lead to the systematic use of its packages. The line to be added is:"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> è generalmente usata dagli utenti a cui non importa rovinare il proprio sistema e ripararlo. Questa distribuzione offre la possibilità di importare un pacchetto che un utente vuol provare o utilizzare in caso di necessità. Questo è esattamente come Debian lo tratta, in quanto aggiungerlo nel file <filename>sources.list</filename> di APT non porta all'uso sistematico dei suoi pacchetti. La riga da aggiungere è:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib non-free"
msgid "deb https://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib non-free"
msgstr "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian experimental main contrib non-free"

msgid "Using Alternate Mirrors"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>security.debian.org</literal></primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>deb.debian.org</literal></primary><see>mirrors</see>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>security.debian.org</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>backport</primary>"
msgid "<primary>mirrors</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>backport</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>CDN</primary><see>Content Delivery Networks</see>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>component (of a repository)</primary>"
msgid "<primary>Content Delivery Networks</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>componente (di un repository)</primary>"

msgid "The <filename>sources.list</filename> examples in this chapter refer to package repositories hosted on <ulink url=\"https://deb.debian.org/\"><literal>deb.debian.org</literal></ulink>. Those URLs will redirect you to servers which are close to you and which are managed by Content Delivery Networks (<acronym>CDN</acronym>) whose main role is to store multiple copies of the files across the world, and to deliver them as fast as possible to users. The CDN companies that Debian is working with are Debian partners who are offering their services freely to Debian. While none of those servers are under direct control of Debian, the fact that the whole archive is sealed by GPG signatures makes it a non-issue."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>priority</primary><secondary>package priority</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>mirror list</primary><seealso>mirrors</seealso>"
msgstr "<primary>priorità</primary><secondary>priorità dei pacchetti</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>list of mirrors</primary><seealso>mirrors</seealso>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

msgid "Picky users who are not satisfied with the performance of <literal>deb.debian.org</literal> can try to find a better mirror in the official mirror list: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://www.debian.org/mirror/list\" />"
msgstr ""

msgid "But when you don't know which mirror is best for you, this list is of not much use. Fortunately for you, Debian maintains DNS entries of the form <literal>ftp.<replaceable>country-code</replaceable>.debian.org</literal> (e.g. <literal>ftp.us.debian.org</literal> for the USA, <literal>ftp.fr.debian.org</literal> for France, etc.) which are covering many countries and which are pointing to one (or more) of the best mirrors available within that country."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><literal>security.debian.org</literal></primary>"
msgid "<primary><literal>httpredir.debian.org</literal></primary><see>mirrors</see>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>security.debian.org</literal></primary>"

msgid "As an alternative to <literal>deb.debian.org</literal>, there used to be <literal>httpredir.debian.org</literal>. This service would identify a mirror close to you (among the list of official mirrors, using GeoIP mainly) and would redirect APT's requests to that mirror. This service has been deprecated due to reliability concerns and now <literal>httpredir.debian.org</literal> provides the same CDN-based service as <literal>deb.debian.org</literal>."
msgstr ""

msgid "Non-Official Resources: <literal>mentors.debian.net</literal>"
msgstr "Risorse Non Ufficiali: <literal>mentors.debian.net</literal>"

msgid "<primary><literal>mentors.debian.net</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>mentors.debian.net</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "There are numerous non-official sources of Debian packages set up by advanced users who have recompiled some software (Ubuntu made this popular with their Personal Package Archive service), by programmers who make their creation available to all, and even by Debian developers who offer pre-versions of their package online."
msgid "There are numerous non-official sources of Debian packages set up by advanced users who have recompiled some software (Ubuntu made this popular with their Personal Package Archive (<acronym>PPA</acronym>) service, by programmers who make their creation available to all, and even by Debian developers who offer pre-versions of their package online."
msgstr "Ci sono numerose fonti non ufficiali di pacchetti Debian istituiti da utenti esperti che hanno ricompilato alcuni software (Ubuntu ha reso questo sistema popolare con il suo servizio Personal Package Archive), dai programmatori che mettono le loro creazioni a disposizione di tutti, e anche da parte di sviluppatori Debian che offrono pre-versioni dei loro pacchetti online."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The <literal>mentors.debian.net</literal> site is interesting (although it only provides source packages), since it gathers packages created by candidates to the status of official Debian developer or by volunteers who wish to create Debian packages without going through that process of integration. These packages are made available without any guarantee regarding their quality; make sure that you check their origin and integrity and then test them before you consider using them in production."
msgid "The <ulink url=\"https://mentors.debian.net\"><literal>mentors.debian.net</literal></ulink> site is interesting (although it only provides source packages), since it gathers packages created by candidates to the status of official Debian developer or by volunteers who wish to create Debian packages without going through that process of integration. These packages are made available without any guarantee regarding their quality; make sure that you check their origin and integrity and then test them before you consider using them in production."
msgstr "Il sito <literal>mentors.debian.net</literal> è interessante (anche se fornisce solo pacchetti sorgente), dal momento che raccoglie pacchetti sorgente creati dai candidati allo status di sviluppatore ufficiale Debian o da volontari che vogliono creare pacchetti Debian senza passare attraverso quel processo di integrazione. Questi pacchetti sono messi a disposizione senza alcuna garanzia sulla loro qualità; assicurarsi di controllare la loro origine e integrità e testarli prima di considerare il loro utilizzo in produzione."

msgid "<emphasis>COMMUNITY</emphasis> The <literal>debian.net</literal> sites"
msgstr "<emphasis>COMUNITÀ</emphasis> I siti <literal>debian.net</literal>"

msgid "<primary><emphasis>debian.net</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis>debian.net</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "The <emphasis>debian.net</emphasis> domain is not an official resource of the Debian project. Each Debian developer may use that domain name for their own use. These websites can contain unofficial services (sometimes personal sites) hosted on a machine which does not belong to the project and set up by Debian developers, or even prototypes about to be moved on to <emphasis>debian.org</emphasis>. Two reasons can explain why some of these prototypes remain on <emphasis>debian.net</emphasis>: either no one has made the necessary effort to transform it into an official service (hosted on the <emphasis>debian.org</emphasis> domain, and with a certain guarantee of maintenance), or the service is too controversial to be officialized."
msgstr "Il dominio <emphasis>debian.net</emphasis> non è una risorsa ufficiale del progetto Debian. Ogni sviluppatore Debian può usare quel nome di dominio per i propri scopi. Questi siti possono contenere servizi non ufficiali (a volte siti personali) ospitati su una macchina che non appartiene al progetto e non è stata configurata da sviluppatori Debian, o anche prototipi che stanno per essere spostati su <emphasis>debian.org</emphasis>. Due ragioni possono spiegare perché questi prototipi rimangono su <emphasis>debian.net</emphasis>: o nessuno ha fatto lo sforzo necessario per trasformarli in servizi ufficiali (ospitati sul dominio <emphasis>debian.org</emphasis> e con una certa garanzia di mantenimento) o il servizio è troppo controverso per essere ufficializzato."

msgid "Installing a package means giving root rights to its creator, because they decide on the contents of the initialization scripts which are run under that identity. Official Debian packages are created by volunteers who have been co-opted and reviewed and who can seal their packages so that their origin and integrity can be checked."
msgstr "Installare un pacchetto significa dare i privilegi di root al suo creatore, perché può decidere i contenuti degli script di inizializzazione i quali sono lanciati sotto tale identità. I pacchetti Debian ufficiali sono creati da volontari che sono stati selezionati e vagliati e che possono mettere un sigillo ai loro pacchetti così che la loro origine e integrità possa essere controllata."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "In general, be wary of a package whose origin you don't know and which isn't hosted on one of the official Debian servers: evaluate the degree to which you can trust the creator, and check the integrity of the package. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://mentors.debian.net/\" />"
msgid "In general, be wary of a package whose origin you don't know and which isn't hosted on one of the official Debian servers: evaluate the degree to which you can trust the creator, and check the integrity of the package."
msgstr "In generale, diffidare da un pacchetto di cui non si conosce la provenienza e che non è ospitato su un server ufficiale Debian: valutare il grado di fiducia che si può riporre nel creatore, e controllare l'integrità del pacchetto. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://mentors.debian.net/\" />"

msgid "<emphasis>GOING FURTHER</emphasis> Old package versions: <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal>"
msgstr "<emphasis>APPROFONDIMENTO</emphasis> Le vecchie versioni dei pacchetti: <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal>"

msgid "<primary><literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal> service, introduced in April 2010, can be used to “go backwards in time” and to find an old version of a package. It can be used for example to identify which version of a package introduced a regression, and more concretely, to come back to the former version while waiting for the regression fix."
msgid "The <ulink url=\"https://snapshot.debian.org\"><literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal></ulink> service, introduced in April 2010, can be used to “go backwards in time” and to find an old version of a package not longer contained in the Debian archives. It can be used, for example, to identify which version of a package introduced a regression, and more concretely, to come back to the former version while waiting for the regression fix."
msgstr "Il servizio <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal>, introdotto nell'Aprile 2010, può essere usato per \"andare indietro nel tempo\" e per trovare una vecchia versione di un pacchetto. Può essere usato per esempio per identificare quale versione di un pacchetto ha introdotto una regressione, e più concretamente, tornare indietro alla versione precedente mentre si aspetta una correzione della regressione."

msgid "Caching Proxy for Debian Packages"
msgstr "Proxy con cache per i pacchetti Debian"

msgid "<primary>proxy cache</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>cache del proxy</primary>"

msgid "<primary>cache, proxy</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>cache, proxy</primary>"

msgid "When an entire network of machines is configured to use the same remote server to download the same updated packages, any administrator knows that it would be beneficial to have an intermediate proxy acting as a network-local cache (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.cache\" />)."
msgstr "Quando un'intera rete di macchine è configurata in moda da usare lo stesso server remoto per scaricare gli stessi pacchetti aggiornati, qualsiasi amministratore sa che sarebbe vantaggioso avere un proxy intermedio che agisce da cache locale per la rete (vedere il riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.cache\" />)."

msgid "You can configure APT to use a \"standard\" proxy (see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-config\" /> for the APT side, and <xref linkend=\"sect.http-ftp-proxy\" /> for the proxy side), but the Debian ecosystem offers better options to solve this problem. The dedicated software presented in this section are smarter than a plain proxy cache because they can rely on the specific structure of APT repositories (for instance they know when individual files are obsolete or not, and thus adjust the time during which they are kept)."
msgstr "Si può configurare APT in modo che usi un proxy «standard» (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-config\" /> per la parte riguardante APT e la <xref linkend=\"sect.http-ftp-proxy\" /> per la parte proxy), ma l'ecosistema Debian offre opzioni migliori per risolvere il problema. Il software dedicato presentato in questa sezione è più intelligente di un semplice proxy con cache perché può fare affidamento sulla struttura specifica dei repository APT (per esempio sa quando singoli file sono obsoleti oppure no, e perciò regola il tempo per il quale vengono conservati)."

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher-ng</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher-ng</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher-ng</emphasis> work like usual proxy cache servers. APT's <filename>sources.list</filename> is left unchanged, but APT is configured to use them as proxy for outgoing requests."
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher-ng</emphasis> funzionano come i normali server proxy con cache. Il file <filename>sources.list</filename> di APT resta invariato, ma APT viene configurato in modo da usarli come proxy per le richieste in uscita."

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis>, on the other hand, acts like an HTTP server that “mirrors” any number of remote repositories in its top-level URLs. The mapping between those top-level directories and the remote URLs of the repositories is stored in <filename>/etc/approx/approx.conf</filename>:"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis>, invece, agisce come un server HTTP che fa da \"mirror\" per qualsiasi numero di repository remoti nei suoi URL di più alto livello. La mappatura tra queste directory di più alto livello e gli URL remoti dei repository viene memorizzata in <filename>/etc/approx/approx.conf</filename>:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "\n"
#| "# &lt;name&gt; &lt;repository-base-url&gt;\n"
#| "debian   http://ftp.debian.org/debian\n"
#| "security http://security.debian.org"
msgid ""
"# &lt;name&gt; &lt;repository-base-url&gt;\n"
"debian   https://deb.debian.org/debian\n"
"security http://security.debian.org\n"
"        "
msgstr ""
"\n"
"# &lt;name&gt; &lt;repository-base-url&gt;\n"
"debian   http://ftp.debian.org/debian\n"
"security http://security.debian.org"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis> runs by default on port 9999 via inetd (see <xref linkend=\"sect.inetd\" />) and requires the users to adjust their <filename>sources.list</filename> file to point to the approx server:"
msgid "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis> runs by default on port 9999 via a systemd socket and requires the users to adjust their <filename>sources.list</filename> file to point to the approx server:"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis> viene eseguito in modo predefinito sulla porta 9999 usando inetd (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.inetd\" />) e richiede che gli utenti modifichino i propri file <filename>sources.list</filename> in modo che puntino al server approx:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "# Sample sources.list pointing to a local approx server\n"
#| "deb http://apt.falcot.com:9999/security jessie/updates main contrib non-free\n"
#| "deb http://apt.falcot.com:9999/debian jessie main contrib non-free\n"
#| "      "
msgid ""
"# Sample sources.list pointing to a local approx server\n"
"deb http://localhost:9999/security buster/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb http://localhost:9999/debian buster main contrib non-free\n"
"        "
msgstr ""
"# Esempio di sources.list che punta ad un server approx locale\n"
"deb http://apt.falcot.com:9999/security jessie/updates main contrib non-free\n"
"deb http://apt.falcot.com:9999/debian jessie main contrib non-free\n"
"      "

msgid "<command>aptitude</command>, <command>apt-get</command>, and <command>apt</command> Commands"
msgstr "I Comandi <command>aptitude</command>, <command>apt-get</command>, e <command>apt</command>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "APT is a vast project, whose original plans included a graphical interface. It is based on a library which contains the core application, and <command>apt-get</command> is the first front end — command-line based — which was developed within the project. <command>apt</command> is a second command-line based front end provided by APT which overcomes some design mistakes of <command>apt-get</command>."
msgid "<acronym>APT</acronym> is a vast project, whose original plans included a graphical interface. It is based on a library which contains the core application, and <command>apt-get</command> is the first front end — command-line based — which was developed within the project. <command>apt</command> is a second command-line based front end provided by APT which overcomes some design mistakes of <command>apt-get</command>."
msgstr "APT è un progetto vasto, i cui piani originali includevano un'interfaccia grafica. Si basa su una libreria che contiene l'applicazione principale e <command>apt-get</command> è stato il primo frontend, basato su riga di comando, che è stata sviluppato nell'ambito del progetto. <command>apt</command> è un secondo front end basato su riga di comando fornito da APT che supera alcuni errori di progettazione di <command>apt-get</command>."

msgid "Both tools are built on top of the same library and are thus very close, but the default behavior of <command>apt</command> has been improved for interactive use and to actually do what most users expect. The APT developers reserve the right to change the public interface of this tool to further improve it. On the opposite, the public interface of <command>apt-get</command> is well defined and will not change in any backwards incompatible way. It is thus the tool that you want to use when you need to script package installation requests."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Numerous other graphical interfaces then appeared as external projects: <command>synaptic</command>, <command>aptitude</command> (which includes both a text mode interface and a graphical one — even if not complete yet), <command>wajig</command>, etc. The most recommended interface, <command>apt</command>, is the one that we will use in the examples given in this section. Note however that <command>apt-get</command> and <command>aptitude</command> have a very similar command line syntax. When there are major differences between <command>apt</command>, <command>apt-get</command> and <command>aptitude</command>, these differences will be detailed."
msgid "Numerous other graphical interfaces then appeared as external projects: <command>synaptic</command>, <command>aptitude</command> (which includes both a text mode interface and a graphical one — even if not complete yet), <command>wajig</command>, etc. The most recommended interface, <command>apt</command>, is the one that we will use in the examples given in this section. Note, however, that <command>apt-get</command> and <command>aptitude</command> have a very similar command line syntax. When there are major differences between these three commands, these will be detailed."
msgstr "Numerose altre interfacce grafiche sono apparse come progetti esterni: <command>synaptic</command>, <command>aptitude</command> (che include sia un'interfaccia in modalità testo che una grafica, anche se non ancora completa), <command>wajig</command>, ecc. L'interfaccia più consigliata, <command>apt</command>, è quella che useremo negli esempi riportati in questa sezione. Si noti comunque che <command>apt-get</command> e <command>aptitude</command> hanno una sintassi della linea di comando molto simile. Quando ci saranno grandi differenze fra <command>apt</command>, <command>apt-get</command> e <command>aptitude</command>, tali differenze verranno spiegate."

msgid "Initialization"
msgstr "Inizializzazione"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "For any work with APT, the list of available packages needs to be updated; this can be done simply through <command>apt update</command>. Depending on the speed of your connection, the operation can take a while since it involves downloading a certain number of <filename>Packages</filename>/<filename>Sources</filename>/<filename>Translation-<replaceable>language-code</replaceable></filename> files, which have gradually become bigger and bigger as Debian has developed (at least 10 MB of data for the <literal>main</literal> section). Of course, installing from a CD-ROM set does not require any downloading — in this case, the operation is very fast."
msgid "For any work with APT, the list of available packages needs to be updated; this can be done simply through <command>apt update</command>. Depending on the speed of your connection and configuration, the operation can take a while, since it involves downloading a certain number of (usually compressed) files (<filename>Packages</filename>, <filename>Sources</filename>, <filename>Translation-<replaceable>language-code</replaceable></filename>), which have gradually become bigger and bigger as Debian has developed (at least 10 MB of data for the <literal>main</literal> section). Of course, installing from a CD-ROM/DVD set does not require any downloading — in this case, the operation is very fast."
msgstr "Per qualsiasi lavoro con APT, la lista dei pacchetti disponibili deve essere aggiornata; questo può essere fatto semplicemente attraverso <command>apt update</command>. A seconda della velocità della connessione, l'operazione può richiedere un po' di tempo visto che deve scaricare un certo numero di file <filename>Packages</filename>/<filename>Sources</filename>/<filename>Translation-<replaceable>codice-lingua</replaceable></filename>, che sono gradualmente diventati sempre più grandi mano a mano che Debian si è sviluppata (almeno 10 MB di dati per la sezione <literal>main</literal>). Ovviamente, installare da un insieme di CD-ROM non richiede di scaricare nulla — in questo caso, l'operazione è molto veloce."

msgid "<primary><command>apt update</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt update</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get update</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get update</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude update</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude update</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Incremental upgrade"
msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Incremental updates"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Aggiornamento incrementale"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "As we explained earlier, the aim of the <command>apt update</command> command is to download for each package source the corresponding <filename>Packages</filename> (or <filename>Sources</filename>) file. However, even after a <command>bzip2</command> compression, these files can remain rather large (the <filename>Packages.xz</filename> for the <foreignphrase>main</foreignphrase> section of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> takes more than 6 MB). If you wish to upgrade regularly, these downloads can take up a lot of time."
msgid "The aim of the <command>apt update</command> command is to download for each package source the corresponding <filename>Packages</filename> (or <filename>Sources</filename>) file. However, even after a <command>xz</command> compression, these files can remain rather large (the <filename>Packages.xz</filename> for the <foreignphrase>main</foreignphrase> section of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis> takes more than 7 MB). If you wish to update regularly, these downloads can take up a lot of time."
msgstr "Come spiegato in precedenza, l'obiettivo del comando <command>apt update</command> è quello di scaricare per ogni sorgente del pacchetto il corrispondente file <filename>Packages</filename> (o <filename>Sources</filename>). Tuttavia, anche dopo la compressione con <command>bzip2</command>, questi file possono rimanere piuttosto grandi (il <filename>Packages.bz2</filename> per la sezione <foreignphrase>main</foreignphrase> di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> occupa più di 6 MB). Se si desidera aggiornare regolarmente, questi scaricamenti possono durare molto tempo."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "To speed up the process APT can download “diff” files containing the changes since the previous update, as opposed to the entire file. To achieve this, official Debian mirrors distribute different files which list the differences between one version of the <filename>Packages</filename> file and the following version. They are generated at each update of the archives and a history of one week is kept. Each of these “diff” files only takes a few dozen kilobytes for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, so that the amount of data downloaded by a weekly <command>apt update</command> is often divided by 10. For distributions like <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, which change less, the gain is even more noticeable."
msgid "To speed up the process APT can download “diff” files containing the changes since the previous update, as opposed to the entire file. To achieve this, official Debian mirrors distribute different files which list the differences between one version of the <filename>Packages</filename> file and the following version. They are generated at each update of the archives and a history of one week is kept. Each of these “diff” files only takes a few dozen kilobytes for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, so that the amount of data downloaded by a weekly <command>apt update</command> is often divided by 10. For <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, which change less, the gain is even more noticeable."
msgstr "Per velocizzare il processo, APT può scaricare file «diff» contenenti le modifiche rispetto al precedente aggiornamento, invece che l'intero file. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, i mirror Debian ufficiali distribuiscono diversi file che elencano le differenze fra una versione del file <filename>Packages</filename> e la versione successiva. Sono generati ad ogni aggiornamento degli archivi e viene mantenuto uno storico di una settimana. Ognuno di questi file «diff» occupa solo poche decine di kilobyte per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, in modo che la quantità di dati scaricati con un <command>apt update</command> settimanale sia spesso divisa per 10. Per distribuzioni come <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, che cambiano di meno, il guadagno è ancora più evidente."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>Acquire::PDiffs</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "However, it can sometimes be of interest to force the download of the entire <filename>Packages</filename> file, especially when the last upgrade is very old and when the mechanism of incremental differences would not contribute much. This can also be interesting when network access is very fast but when the processor of the machine to upgrade is rather slow, since the time saved on the download is more than lost when the computer calculates the new versions of these files (starting with the older versions and applying the downloaded differences). To do that, you can use the configuration parameter <literal>Acquire::Pdiffs</literal> and set it to <literal>false</literal>."
msgid "However, it can sometimes be of interest to force the download of the entire <filename>Packages</filename> file, especially when the last upgrade is very old and when the mechanism of incremental differences would not contribute much. This can also be interesting when network access is very fast but when the processor of the machine to upgrade is rather slow, since the time saved on the download is more than lost when the computer calculates the new versions of these files (starting with the older versions and applying the downloaded differences). To do that, you can use the APT configuration parameter <literal>Acquire::PDiffs</literal> and set it to <literal>false</literal>."
msgstr "Tuttavia, a volte può essere interessante forzare lo scaricamento di tutto il file <filename>Packages</filename>, specialmente quando l'ultimo aggiornamento è molto vecchio e quando il meccanismo di differenze incrementali non servirebbe a molto. Può essere anche interessante quando l'accesso alla rete è molto veloce ma il processore della macchina da aggiornare è piuttosto lento, poiché il risparmio di tempo nello scaricamento è più che perso quando il computer calcola le nuove versioni dei file (partendo dalle versioni più vecchie e applicando le differenze). Per fare questo, è possibile utilizzare il parametro di configurazione <literal>Acquire::Pdiffs</literal> e impostarlo a <literal>false</literal>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"
msgid "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt -o \"Acquire::PDiffs=false\" update</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>Acquire::Languages</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

msgid "The <literal>Acquire::*</literal> options also control other aspects of the download, and even the download methods. <literal>Acquire::Languages</literal> can limit or disable the download of <filename>Translation-<replaceable>language-code</replaceable></filename> files and save even more time. For a complete reference see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""

msgid "Installing and Removing"
msgstr "Installazione e rimozione"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>installation</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>installazione</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>removal</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>rimozione</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>installation</primary><secondary>package installation</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>installazione</primary><secondary>di pacchetti</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>removal of a package</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>rimozione di un pacchetto</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "With APT, packages can be added or removed from the system, respectively with <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> and <command>apt remove <replaceable>package</replaceable></command>. In both cases, APT will automatically install the necessary dependencies or delete the packages which depend on the package that is being removed. The <command>apt purge <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> command involves a complete uninstallation — the configuration files are also deleted."
msgid "With APT, packages can be added or removed from the system, respectively with <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> and <command>apt remove <replaceable>package</replaceable></command>. In both cases, APT will automatically install the necessary dependencies or delete the packages which depend on the package that is being removed. The <command>apt purge <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> command involves a complete uninstallation by deleting the configuration files as well."
msgstr "Con APT, i pacchetti possono essere aggiunti o rimossi dal sistema, rispettivamente con <command>apt install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> e <command>apt remove <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command>. In entrambi i casi, APT installerà automaticamente le dipendenze necessarie o rimuoverà i pacchetti che dipendono da quello che ci si appresta a rimuovere. Il comando <command>apt purge <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> implica una completa disinstallazione: anche i file di configurazione vengono eliminati."

msgid "<primary><command>apt install</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt install</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt remove</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt remove</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt purge</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt purge</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get install</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get install</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get remove</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get remove</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get purge</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get purge</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude install</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude install</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude remove</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude remove</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude purge</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude purge</command></primary>"

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Installing the same selection of packages several times"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Installare la stessa selezione di pacchetti diverse volte"

msgid "It can be useful to systematically install the same list of packages on several computers. This can be done quite easily."
msgstr "Può risultare utile installare sistematicamente la stessa lista di pacchetti su diversi computer. Ciò può essere fatto abbastanza facilmente."

msgid "First, retrieve the list of packages installed on the computer which will serve as the “model” to copy."
msgstr "Prima di tutto, ottenere la lista dei pacchetti installati sul computer che servirà come «modello» da copiare."

msgid "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg --get-selections &gt;pkg-list</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg --get-selections &gt;pkg-list</userinput>"

msgid "The <filename>pkg-list</filename> file then contains the list of installed packages. Next, transfer the <filename>pkg-list</filename> file onto the computers you want to update and use the following commands:"
msgstr "Il file <filename>pkg-list</filename> contiene quindi la lista dei pacchetti installati. Poi, trasferire il file <filename>pkg-list</filename> sui computer che si desiderano aggiornare e usare i seguenti comandi:"

msgid ""
"## Update dpkg's database of known packages\n"
"# <userinput>avail=`mktemp`</userinput>\n"
"# <userinput>apt-cache dumpavail &gt; \"$avail\"</userinput>\n"
"# <userinput>dpkg --merge-avail \"$avail\"</userinput>\n"
"# <userinput>rm -f \"$avail\"</userinput>\n"
"## Update dpkg's selections\n"
"# <userinput>dpkg --set-selections &lt; pkg-list</userinput>\n"
"## Ask apt-get to install the selected packages\n"
"# <userinput>apt-get dselect-upgrade</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"## Aggiornare il database di dpkg dei pacchetti conosciuti\n"
"# <userinput>avail=`mktemp`</userinput>\n"
"# <userinput>apt-cache dumpavail &gt; \"$avail\"</userinput>\n"
"# <userinput>dpkg --merge-avail \"$avail\"</userinput>\n"
"# <userinput>rm -f \"$avail\"</userinput>\n"
"## Aggiornare le selezioni di dpkg\n"
"# <userinput>dpkg --set-selections &lt; pkg-list</userinput>\n"
"## Chiedere ad apt-get di installare i pacchetti selezionati\n"
"# <userinput>apt-get dselect-upgrade</userinput>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The first commands records the list of available packages in the dpkg database, then <command>dpkg --set-selections</command> restores the selection of packages that you wish to install, and the <command>apt-get</command> invocation executes the required operations! <command>aptitude</command> does not have this command."
msgid "The first commands record the list of available packages in the dpkg database. Then <command>dpkg --set-selections</command> restores the selection of packages that you wish to install, and the <command>apt-get</command> invocation executes the required operations! <command>aptitude</command> does not have this command."
msgstr "Il primo comando registra la lista dei pacchetti disponibili nel database di dpkg, poi <command>dpkg --set-selections</command> ripristina la selezione di pacchetti che si desidera installare, e l'invocazione di <command>apt-get</command> esegue le operazioni necessarie! <command>aptitude</command> non ha questo comando."

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Removing and installing at the same time"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Rimozione e installazione nello stesso momento"

msgid "It is possible to ask <command>apt</command> (or <command>apt-get</command>, or <command>aptitude</command>) to install certain packages and remove others on the same command line by adding a suffix. With an <command>apt install</command> command, add “<literal>-</literal>” to the names of the packages you wish to remove. With an <command>apt remove</command> command, add “<literal>+</literal>” to the names of the packages you wish to install."
msgstr "È possibile richiedere ad <command>apt</command> (o <command>apt-get</command>, o <command>aptitude</command>) di installare certi pacchetti e rimuoverne altri nella stessa riga di comando aggiungendo un suffisso. Con il comando <command>apt install</command>, aggiungere \"<literal>-</literal>\" ai nomi dei pacchetti da rimuovere. Con un comando <command>apt remove</command>, aggiungere \"<literal>+</literal>\" ai nomi dei pacchetti da installare."

msgid "The next example shows two different ways to install <replaceable>package1</replaceable> and to remove <replaceable>package2</replaceable>."
msgstr "Il prossimo esempio mostra due modi differenti di installare il <replaceable>pacchetto1</replaceable> e rimuovere <replaceable>pacchetto2</replaceable>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The next example shows two different ways to install <replaceable>package1</replaceable> and to remove <replaceable>package2</replaceable>."
msgid "# <userinput>apt install <replaceable>package1</replaceable> <replaceable>package2</replaceable>-</userinput>"
msgstr "Il prossimo esempio mostra due modi differenti di installare il <replaceable>pacchetto1</replaceable> e rimuovere <replaceable>pacchetto2</replaceable>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The next example shows two different ways to install <replaceable>package1</replaceable> and to remove <replaceable>package2</replaceable>."
msgid "# <userinput>apt remove <replaceable>package1</replaceable>+ <replaceable>package2</replaceable></userinput>"
msgstr "Il prossimo esempio mostra due modi differenti di installare il <replaceable>pacchetto1</replaceable> e rimuovere <replaceable>pacchetto2</replaceable>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "This can also be used to exclude packages which would otherwise be installed, for example due to a <literal>Recommends</literal>. In general, the dependency solver will use that information as a hint to look for alternative solutions."
msgid "This can also be used to exclude packages which would otherwise be installed, for example, due to an automatic installation of <literal>Recommends</literal>. In general, the dependency solver will use that information as a hint to look for alternative solutions."
msgstr "Ciò può essere usato anche per escludere pacchetti che verrebbero altrimenti installati, per esempio a causa di una relazione <literal>Recommends</literal>. In generale il risolutore di dipendenze userà quella informazione come un invito a trovare soluzioni alternative."

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> <command>apt --reinstall</command> and <command>aptitude reinstall</command>"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> <command>apt --reinstall</command> e <command>aptitude reinstall</command>"

msgid "<primary>reinstallation</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>reinstallazione</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt install</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt install --reinstall</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt install</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt-get install</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt-get install --reinstall</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get install</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>aptitude install</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude install --reinstall</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude install</command></primary>"

msgid "The system can sometimes be damaged after the removal or modification of files in a package. The easiest way to retrieve these files is to reinstall the affected package. Unfortunately, the packaging system finds that the latter is already installed and politely refuses to reinstall it; to avoid this, use the <literal>--reinstall</literal> option of the <command>apt</command> and <command>apt-get</command> commands. The following command reinstalls <emphasis role=\"pkg\">postfix</emphasis> even if it is already present:"
msgstr "Il sistema può a volte danneggiarsi a seguito della rimozione o delle modifiche ai file in un pacchetto. Il modo più facile per recuperare questi file è di reinstallare il pacchetto interessato. Purtroppo, il sistema di pacchettizzazione rileva che quest'ultimo è già installato e si rifiuta cortesemente di reinstallarlo; per evitare questo, usare l'opzione <literal>--reinstall</literal> dei comandi <command>apt</command> <command>apt-get</command>. Il seguente comando reinstalla <emphasis role=\"pkg\">postfix</emphasis> anche se è già presente:"

msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"

msgid "The <command>aptitude</command> command line is slightly different, but achieves the same result with <command>aptitude reinstall postfix</command>."
msgstr "La riga di comando per <command>aptitude</command> è un po' diversa, ma ottiene lo stesso risultato con <command>aptitude reinstall postfix</command>."

msgid "The problem does not arise with <command>dpkg</command>, but the administrator rarely uses it directly."
msgstr "Il problema non si pone con <command>dpkg</command>, ma raramente l'amministratore lo utilizza direttamente."

msgid "Be careful! Using <command>apt --reinstall</command> to restore packages modified during an attack will certainly not recover the system as it was. <xref linkend=\"sect.dealing-with-compromised-machine\" /> details the necessary steps to take with a compromised system."
msgstr "Fate attenzione! Usando <command>apt-get --reinstall</command> per ripristinare i pacchetti modificati durante un attacco certamente non verrà ripristinato il sistema com'era. La <xref linkend=\"sect.dealing-with-compromised-machine\" /> spiega in dettaglio i passi necessari da adottare in caso di sistema compromesso."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>source of</secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>dpkg</command></primary><secondary><command>--force-confask</command></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sorgente o fonte di</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>source of</secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>dpkg</command></primary><secondary><command>--force-confmiss</command></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sorgente o fonte di</secondary>"

msgid "These commands will not restore the configuration files. But as you have learned in <xref linkend=\"sect.conffiles\" /> (see also sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.questions-conffiles-bis\" />), you can use the following command to be asked to install the unmodified version and even restore any deleted configuration file as well."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"
msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall -o Dpkg::Options::=\"--force-confask,confmiss\" install <replaceable>package</replaceable></userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"

msgid "Some packages don't ship the configuration file found in <filename>/etc</filename> with the package. Instead they create it during installation by either copying a skeleton or writing it by a script. The file <filename>/etc/inputrc</filename>, for example, is a copy of <filename>/usr/share/readline/inputrc</filename>. In such cases the commands shown above won't work."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "If the file <filename>sources.list</filename> mentions several distributions, it is possible to give the version of the package to install. A specific version number can be requested with <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable>=<replaceable>version</replaceable></command>, but indicating its distribution of origin (<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>) — with <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/<replaceable>distribution</replaceable></command> — is usually preferred. With this command, it is possible to go back to an older version of a package (if for instance you know that it works well), provided that it is still available in one of the sources referenced by the <filename>sources.list</filename> file. Otherwise the <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal> archive can come to the rescue (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.snapshot.debian.org\" />)."
msgid "If the file <filename>sources.list</filename> mentions several distributions, it is possible to give the version of the package to install. A specific version number can be requested with <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable>=<replaceable>version</replaceable></command>, but indicating its distribution of origin (<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>) — with <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/<replaceable>distribution</replaceable></command> — is usually preferred. With this command, it is possible to go back to an older version of a package (if, for instance, you know that it works well), provided that it is still available in one of the sources referenced by the <filename>sources.list</filename> file. Otherwise the <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal> archive can come to the rescue (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.snapshot.debian.org\" />)."
msgstr "Se il file <filename>sources.list</filename> cita diverse distribuzioni, è possibile specificare la versione del pacchetto da installare. Un numero di versione specifico può essere richiesto con <command>apt install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>=<replaceable>versione</replaceable></command>, ma è in genere preferito indicare la sua distribuzione di origine (<emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>): con <command>apt install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/<replaceable>distribuzione</replaceable></command>. Con questo comando è possibile tornare ad una versione precedente di un pacchetto (se per esempio si sa che funziona bene), a condizione che sia ancora disponibile in una delle sorgenti a cui fa riferimento il file <filename>sources.list</filename>. Altrimenti l'archivio <literal>snapshot.debian.org</literal> può venire in soccorso (vedere il riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.snapshot.debian.org\" />)."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Installation of the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">unstable</emphasis> version of <emphasis role=\"pkg\">spamassassin</emphasis>"
msgid "Installation of the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> version of <emphasis role=\"pkg\">spamassassin</emphasis>"
msgstr "Installazione della versione <emphasis role=\"distribution\">unstable</emphasis> di <emphasis role=\"pkg\">spamassassin</emphasis>"

msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt install spamassassin/unstable</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt install spamassassin/unstable</userinput>"

msgid "If the package to install has been made available to you under the form of a simple <filename>.deb</filename> file without any associated package repository, it is still possible to use APT to install it together with its dependencies (provided that the dependencies are available in the configured repositories) with a simple command: <command>apt install ./<replaceable>path-to-the-package.deb</replaceable></command>. The leading <literal>./</literal> is important to make it clear that we are referring to a filename and not to the name of a package available in one of the repositories."
msgstr ""

msgid "<emphasis>GOING FURTHER</emphasis> The cache of <filename>.deb</filename> files"
msgstr "<emphasis>APPROFONDIMENTO</emphasis> La cache dei file <filename>.deb</filename>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt-get</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt-get clean</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt-get update</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt-get autoclean</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get update</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "APT keeps a copy of each downloaded <filename>.deb</filename> file in the directory <filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename>. In case of frequent updates, this directory can quickly take a lot of disk space with several versions of each package; you should regularly sort through them. Two commands can be used: <command>apt-get clean</command> entirely empties the directory; <command>apt-get autoclean</command> only removes packages which can no longer be downloaded (because they have disappeared from the Debian mirror) and are therefore clearly useless (the configuration parameter <literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> can prevent the removal of <filename>.deb</filename> files that are currently installed). Note that <command>apt</command> does not support those commands."
msgid "APT keeps a copy of each downloaded <filename>.deb</filename> file in the directory <filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename>. In case of frequent updates, this directory can quickly take a lot of disk space with several versions of each package; you should regularly sort through them. Two commands can be used: <command>apt-get clean</command> entirely empties the directory; <command>apt-get autoclean</command> only removes packages which can no longer be downloaded (because they have disappeared from the Debian mirror) and are therefore clearly useless (the configuration parameter <literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> can prevent the removal of <filename>.deb</filename> files that are currently installed)."
msgstr "APT conserva una copia di ogni file <filename>.deb</filename> scaricato nella directory <filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename>. In caso di aggiornamenti frequenti, questa cartella può rapidamente occupare molto spazio su disco con diverse versioni per ogni pacchetto; si dovrebbe regolarmente metterli in ordine. Possono essere utilizzati due comandi: <command>apt-get clean</command> svuota completamente la directory; <command>apt-get autoclean</command> rimuove solo i pacchetti che non possono più essere scaricati (perché scomparsi dal mirror Debian) e sono quindi chiaramente inutili (il parametro di configurazione <literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> può impedire la rimozione dei file <filename>.deb</filename> che sono attualmente installati). Nota che <command>apt</command> non supporta questi comandi."

msgid "System Upgrade"
msgstr "Aggiornamento del sistema"

msgid "<primary>upgrade</primary><secondary>system upgrade</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamento</primary><secondary>aggiornamento del sistema</secondary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude safe-upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude safe-upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "Regular upgrades are recommended, because they include the latest security updates. To upgrade, use <command>apt upgrade</command>, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> or <command>aptitude safe-upgrade</command> (of course after <command>apt update</command>). This command looks for installed packages which can be upgraded without removing any packages. In other words, the goal is to ensure the least intrusive upgrade possible. <command>apt-get</command> is slightly more demanding than <command>aptitude</command> or <command>apt</command> because it will refuse to install packages which were not installed beforehand."
msgstr "Sono raccomandati aggiornamenti regolari, perché includono gli ultimi aggiornamenti di sicurezza. Per aggiornare, usare <command>apt upgrade</command>, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> o <command>aptitude safe-upgrade</command> (ovviamente dopo <command>apt update</command>). Questo comando controlla i pacchetti installati che possono essere aggiornati senza la rimozione di alcun pacchetto. In altre parole, l'obiettivo è quello di garantire l'aggiornamento meno intrusivo possibile. <command>apt-get</command> è un po' più esigente di <command>aptitude</command> o <command>apt</command> perché si rifiuta di installare pacchetti che erano già installati in precedenza."

msgid "<command>apt</command> will generally select the most recent version number (except for packages from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">stable-backports</emphasis>, which are ignored by default whatever their version number). If you specified <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> in your <filename>sources.list</filename>, <command>apt upgrade</command> will switch most of your <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> system to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, which might not be what you intended."
msgstr "<command>apt</command> in genere seleziona il numero di versione più recente (ad eccezione dei pacchetti <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">stable-backports</emphasis>, che vengono ignorati per impostazione predefinita a prescindere dal loro numero di versione). Se si è specificato <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> nel proprio <filename>sources.list</filename>, <command>apt upgrade</command> porterà la maggior parte di un sistema <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, e ciò potrebbe non essere quello che si desiderava fare."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "To tell <command>apt</command> to use a specific distribution when searching for upgraded packages, you need to use the <literal>-t</literal> or <literal>--target-release</literal> option, followed by the name of the distribution you want (for example: <command>apt -t stable upgrade</command>). To avoid specifying this option every time you use <command>apt</command>, you can add <literal>APT::Default-Release \"stable\";</literal> in the file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/local</filename>."
msgid "To tell <command>apt</command> to use a specific distribution when searching for upgraded packages, you need to use the <literal>-t</literal> or <literal>--target-release</literal> option, followed by the name of the distribution you want (for example, <command>apt -t stable upgrade</command>). To avoid specifying this option every time you use <command>apt</command>, you can add <literal>APT::Default-Release \"stable\";</literal> in the file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/local</filename>."
msgstr "Per dire ad <command>apt</command> di usare una specifica distribuzione quando cerca degli aggiornamenti, si deve usare l'opzione <literal>-t</literal> o <literal>--target-release</literal>, seguita dal nome della distribuzione voluta (ad esempio: <command>apt -t stable upgrade</command>). Per evitare di specificare questa opzione ogni volta che si utilizza <command>apt</command>, si può aggiungere la riga <literal>APT::Default-Release \"stable\";</literal> nel file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/local</filename>."

msgid "<primary><command>apt full-upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt full-upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt dist-upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt dist-upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-get dist-upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get dist-upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude dist-upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude dist-upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude full-upgrade</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude full-upgrade</command></primary>"

msgid "For more important upgrades, such as the change from one major Debian version to the next, you need to use <command>apt full-upgrade</command>. With this instruction, <command>apt</command> will complete the upgrade even if it has to remove some obsolete packages or install new dependencies. This is also the command used by users who work daily with the Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> release and follow its evolution day by day. It is so simple that it hardly needs explanation: APT's reputation is based on this great functionality."
msgstr "Per gli aggiornamenti più importanti, come il passaggio da una versione principale di Debian a quella successiva, è necessario utilizzare <command>apt full-upgrade</command>. Con questa istruzione, <command>apt</command> completerà l'aggiornamento anche nel caso in cui debba eliminare dei pacchetti obsoleti o installare nuove dipendenze. Questo è anche il comando usato dagli utenti che lavorano quotidianamente con il rilascio <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> di Debian e che seguono la sua evoluzione giorno per giorno. È così semplice che non ha certo bisogno di spiegazione: la reputazione di APT si basa su questa sua grande funzionalità."

msgid "Unlike <command>apt</command> and <command>aptitude</command>, <command>apt-get</command> doesn't know the <command>full-upgrade</command> command. Instead, you should use <command>apt-get dist-upgrade</command> (”distribution upgrade”), the historical and well-known command that <command>apt</command> and <command>aptitude</command> also accept for the convenience of users who got used to it."
msgstr "A differenza di <command>apt</command> e <command>aptitude</command>, <command>apt-get</command> non usa il comando <command>full-upgrade</command>. Invece, si dobrebbe usare <command>apt-get dist-upgrade</command> (”aggiornamento della distribuzione”), lo storico e ben noto comando che è accettato anche da <command>apt</command> e <command>aptitude</command> per comodità degli utenti che si sono abituati."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/var/log/apt/history.log</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/var/log/apt/term.log</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/var/log/apt/eipp.log.xz</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>installation</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>dpkg</primary><secondary><filename>/var/log/dpkg.log</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>installazione</secondary>"

msgid "The results of these operations are logged into <filename>/var/log/apt/history.log</filename> and <filename>/var/log/apt/term.log</filename>, whereas <command>dpkg</command> keeps its log in a file called <filename>/var/log/dpkg.log</filename>."
msgstr ""

msgid "Configuration Options"
msgstr "Opzioni di configurazione"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>configurazione</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>apt.conf</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry></primary>"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>DPkg::options</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>Acquire::http::proxy</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>Acquire::ftp::proxy</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Besides the configuration elements already mentioned, it is possible to configure certain aspects of APT by adding directives in a file of the <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename> directory. Remember for instance that it is possible for APT to tell <command>dpkg</command> to ignore file conflict errors by specifying <literal>DPkg::options { \"--force-overwrite\"; }</literal>."
msgid "Besides the configuration elements already mentioned, it is possible to configure certain aspects of APT by adding directives in a file of the <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename> directory or <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> itself. Remember, for instance, that it is possible for APT to tell <command>dpkg</command> to ignore file conflict errors by specifying <literal>DPkg::options { \"--force-overwrite\"; }</literal>."
msgstr "Oltre agli elementi di configurazione già citati, è possibile configurare certi aspetti di APT aggiungendo direttive in un file della directory <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename>. Ricordare per esempio che APT può dire a <command>dpkg</command> di ignorare i conflitti fra i file se si specifica <literal>DPkg::options { \"--force-overwrite\"; }</literal>."

msgid "If the Web can only be accessed through a proxy, add a line like <literal>Acquire::http::proxy \"http://<replaceable>yourproxy</replaceable>:3128\"</literal>. For an FTP proxy, write <literal>Acquire::ftp::proxy \"ftp://<replaceable>yourproxy</replaceable>\"</literal>. To discover more configuration options, read the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> manual page with the <command>man apt.conf</command> command (for details on manual pages, see <xref linkend=\"sect.manual-pages\" />)."
msgstr "Se si può accedere al Web solo attraverso proxy, bisogna aggiungere una riga come <literal>Acquire::http::proxy \"http://<replaceable>proprioproxy</replaceable>:3128\"</literal>. Per un proxy FTP, scrivere <literal>Acquire::ftp::proxy \"ftp://<replaceable>proprioproxy</replaceable>\"</literal>. Per scoprire più opzioni di configurazione, leggere la pagina di manuale <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> con il comando <command>man apt.conf</command> (per i dettagli sulle pagine del manuale, vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.manual-pages\" />)."

msgid "<emphasis>BACK TO BASICS</emphasis> Directories ending in <filename>.d</filename>"
msgstr "<emphasis>FONDAMENTALI</emphasis> Directory terminanti in <filename>.d</filename>"

msgid "<primary><filename>.d</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>.d</filename></primary>"

msgid "Directories with a <filename>.d</filename> suffix are used more and more often. Each directory represents a configuration file which is split over multiple files. In this sense, all of the files in <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename> are instructions for the configuration of APT. APT includes them in alphabetical order, so that the last ones can modify a configuration element defined in one of the first ones."
msgstr "Le directory con il suffisso <filename>.d</filename> vengono utilizzate sempre più spesso. Ogni directory rappresenta un file di configurazione che viene suddiviso in più file. In questo senso, tutti i file in <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename> sono istruzioni per la configurazione di APT. APT li include in ordine alfabetico, così che gli ultimi file possono modificare un elemento di configurazione definito in uno dei primi."

msgid "This structure brings some flexibility to the machine administrator and to the package maintainers. Indeed, the administrator can easily modify the configuration of the software by adding a ready-made file in the directory in question without having to change an existing file. Package maintainers use the same approach when they need to adapt the configuration of another software to ensure that it perfectly co-exists with theirs. The Debian policy explicitly forbids modifying configuration files of other packages — only users are allowed to do this. Remember that during a package upgrade, the user gets to choose the version of the configuration file that should be kept when a modification has been detected. Any external modification of the file would trigger that request, which would disturb the administrator, who is sure not to have changed anything."
msgstr "Questa struttura offre una certa flessibilità all'amministratore della macchina e ai manutentori dei pacchetti. In effetti, l'amministratore può modificare facilmente la configurazione del software aggiungendo un file già pronto nella directory in questione senza dover modificare un file esistente. I manutentori dei pacchetti utilizzano lo stesso approccio quando hanno bisogno di adattare la configurazione di un altro software per assicurarsi che coesista perfettamente con il loro. La politica di Debian proibisce esplicitamente la modifica dei file di configurazione di altri pacchetti: solo gli utenti sono autorizzati a farlo. Ricordare che durante l'aggiornamento di un pacchetto, l'utente può scegliere la versione del file di configurazione che deve essere mantenuta quando viene rilevata una modifica. Qualsiasi modifica esterna del file innescherebbe questa richiesta, che disturberebbe l'amministratore, il quale è sicuro di non aver cambiato nulla."

msgid "Without a <filename>.d</filename> directory, it is impossible for an external package to change the settings of a program without modifying its configuration file. Instead it must invite the user to do it themselves and lists the operations to be done in the file <filename>/usr/share/doc/<replaceable>package</replaceable>/README.Debian</filename>."
msgstr "Senza una directory <filename>.d</filename>, è impossibile per un programma esterno cambiare le impostazioni di un programma senza modificare il suo file di configurazione. Al contrario deve invitare l'utente a farlo da solo e deve elencare le operazioni da fare nel file <filename>/usr/share/doc/<replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/README.Debian</filename>."

msgid "Depending on the application, the <filename>.d</filename> directory is used directly or managed by an external script which will concatenate all the files to create the configuration file itself. It is important to execute the script after any change in that directory so that the most recent modifications are taken into account. In the same way, it is important not to work directly in the configuration file created automatically, since everything would be lost at the next execution of the script. The chosen method (<filename>.d</filename> directory used directly or a file generated from that directory) is usually dictated by implementation constraints, but in both cases the gains in terms of configuration flexibility more than make up for the small complications that they entail. The Exim 4 mail server is an example of the generated file method: it can be configured through several files (<filename>/etc/exim4/conf.d/*</filename>) which are concatenated into <filename>/var/lib/exim4/config.autogenerated</filename> by the <command>update-exim4.conf</command> command."
msgstr "A seconda dell'applicazione, la directory <filename>.d</filename> è usata direttamente o gestita da uno script esterno che collega tutti i file per creare il file di configurazione stesso. È importante eseguire lo script dopo ogni cambiamento in quella directory in modo che le più recenti modifiche siano prese in considerazione. Allo stesso modo, è importante non lavorare direttamente sul file di configurazione creato automaticamente, dal momento ogni modifica andrebbe persa alla successiva esecuzione dello script. Il metodo scelto (la directory <filename>.d</filename> usata direttamente o un file generato da quella directory) è solitamente imposto da vincoli di implementazione, ma in entrambi i casi i guadagni in termini di flessibilità di configurazione sono maggiori rispetto alle piccole complicazioni che comportano. Il server di posta Exim 4 è un esempio del metodo del file generato: può essere configurato attraverso diversi file (<filename>/etc/exim4/conf.d/*</filename>) che sono concatenati in <filename>/var/lib/exim4/config.autogenerated</filename> dal comando <command>update-exim4.conf</command>."

msgid "Managing Package Priorities"
msgstr "Gestire le priorità dei pacchetti"

msgid "One of the most important aspects in the configuration of APT is the management of the priorities associated with each package source. For instance, you might want to extend one distribution with one or two newer packages from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis>. It is possible to assign a priority to each available package (the same package can have several priorities depending on its version or the distribution providing it). These priorities will influence APT's behavior: for each package, it will always select the version with the highest priority (except if this version is older than the installed one and if its priority is less than 1000)."
msgstr "Uno degli aspetti più importanti nella configurazione di APT è la gestione delle priorità assegnate ad ogni fonte di pacchetti. Per esempio, si potrebbe volere estendere una distribuzione con uno o due pacchetti più nuovi da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis>. È possibile assegnare una priorità a ciascun pacchetto disponibile (lo stesso pacchetto può avere diverse priorità a seconda della sua versione o della distribuzione che lo fornisce). Queste priorità influenzeranno il comportamento di APT: per ogni pacchetto, selezionerà sempre la versione con la priorità più alta (tranne se questa è più vecchia di quella installata e se la sua priorità è inferiore a 1000)."

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

msgid "<primary>pinning, APT pinning</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>pin, pin di APT</primary>"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>priority</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>priorità</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>priority</primary><secondary>package priority</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>priorità</primary><secondary>priorità dei pacchetti</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>preferences</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>preferenze</secondary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>preferences</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>preferences</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt_preferences</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry></primary>"
msgstr ""

msgid "APT defines several default priorities. Each installed package version has a priority of 100. A non-installed version has a priority of 500 by default, but it can jump to 990 if it is part of the target release (defined with the <literal>-t</literal> command-line option or the <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> configuration directive)."
msgstr "APT definisce diverse priorità predefinite. Ogni versione installata di un pacchetto ha priorità 100. Una versione non installata ha priorità 500 per impostazione predefinita, ma può arrivare a 990 se è parte del rilascio di destinazione prescelto (definito con l'opzione a riga di comando <literal>-t</literal> o con la direttiva di configurazione <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>)."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "You can modify the priorities by adding entries in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file with the names of the affected packages, their version, their origin and their new priority."
msgid "You can modify the priorities by adding entries in a file in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> or the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file with the names of the affected packages, their version, their origin and their new priority."
msgstr "È possibile modificare le priorità con l'aggiunta di voci nel file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> con i nomi dei pacchetti interessati, la loro versione, la loro origine e la loro nuova priorità."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "APT will never install an older version of a package (that is, a package whose version number is lower than the one of the currently installed package) except if its priority is higher than 1000. APT will always install the highest priority package which follows this constraint. If two packages have the same priority, APT installs the newest one (whose version number is the highest). If two packages of same version have the same priority but differ in their content, APT installs the version that is not installed (this rule has been created to cover the case of a package update without the increment of the revision number, which is usually required)."
msgid "APT will never install an older version of a package (that is, a package whose version number is lower than the one of the currently installed package) except if its priority is higher than 1000 (or it is explicitely requested by the user, see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt.install\" />). APT will always install the highest priority package which follows this constraint. If two packages have the same priority, APT installs the newest one (whose version number is the highest). If two packages of same version have the same priority but differ in their content, APT installs the version that is not installed (this rule has been created to cover the case of a package update without the increment of the revision number, which is usually required)."
msgstr "APT non installerà mai una versione più vecchia di un pacchetto (cioè un pacchetto il cui numero di versione è più basso di quello del pacchetto attualmente installato) tranne se la sua priorità è superiore a 1000. APT installerà sempre il pacchetto con priorità più alta che soddisfa questa regola. Se due pacchetti hanno la stessa priorità, APT installerà il più recente (quello con numero di versione più alto). Se due pacchetti hanno le stesse versione e priorità ma diverso contenuto, APT installerà la versione non installata (questa regola è stata creata per coprire il caso di un aggiornamento di pacchetto senza incremento del numero di revisione, che normalmente è richiesto)."

msgid "In more concrete terms, a package whose priority is"
msgstr ""

msgid "&lt; 0"
msgstr ""

msgid "will never be installed,"
msgstr ""

msgid "1..99"
msgstr ""

msgid "will only be installed if no other version of the package is already installed,"
msgstr ""

msgid "100..499"
msgstr ""

msgid "will only be installed if there is no other newer version installed or available in another distribution,"
msgstr ""

msgid "500....989"
msgstr ""

msgid "will only be installed if there is no newer version installed or available in the target distribution,"
msgstr ""

msgid "990..1000"
msgstr ""

msgid "will be installed except if the installed version is newer,"
msgstr ""

msgid "&gt; 1000"
msgstr ""

msgid "will always be installed, even if it forces APT to downgrade to an older version."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "When APT checks <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>, it first takes into account the most specific entries (often those specifying the concerned package), then the more generic ones (including for example all the packages of a distribution). If several generic entries exist, the first match is used. The available selection criteria include the package's name and the source providing it. Every package source is identified by the information contained in a <filename>Release</filename> file that APT downloads together with the <filename>Packages</filename> files. It specifies the origin (usually “Debian” for the packages of official mirrors, but it can also be a person's or an organization's name for third-party repositories). It also gives the name of the distribution (usually <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> for the standard distributions provided by Debian) together with its version (for example 8 for Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis>). Let's have a look at its syntax through some realistic case studies of this mechanism."
msgid "When APT checks <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename>, it first takes into account the most specific entries (often those specifying the concerned package), then the more generic ones (including, for example, all the packages of a distribution). If several generic entries exist, the first match is used. The available selection criteria include the package's name and the source providing it. Every package source is identified by the information contained in a <filename>Release</filename> file that APT downloads together with the <filename>Packages</filename> files. It specifies the origin (usually “Debian” for the packages of official mirrors, but it can also be a person's or an organization's name for third-party repositories). It also gives the name of the distribution (usually <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> for the standard distributions provided by Debian) together with its version (for example, 10 for Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis>). Let's have a look at its syntax through some realistic case studies of this mechanism."
msgstr "Quando APT controlla <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>, prende prima in considerazione le voci più specifiche (spesso quelle che specificano il pacchetto interessato), poi quelle più generiche (tra cui per esempio tutti i pacchetti di una distribuzione). Se sono presenti più voci generiche, viene utilizzata la prima. I criteri di selezione disponibili includono il nome del pacchetto e la fonte che lo fornisce. Ogni fonte è identificata dalle informazioni contenute in un file <filename>Release</filename> che APT scarica insieme ai file <filename>Packages</filename>. Esso specifica l'origine (di solito \"Debian\" per i pacchetti di mirror ufficiali, ma può essere anche un nome di una persona o di un'organizzazione per repository di terze parti). Fornisce anche il nome della distribuzione (solitamente <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> per le distribuzioni standard fornite da Debian) insieme con la sua versione (per esempio 8 per Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis>). Diamo dunque un'occhiata alla sua sintassi attraverso alcuni casi di studio realistici di questo meccanismo."

msgid "<emphasis>SPECIFIC CASE</emphasis> Priority of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">experimental</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>CASO SPECIFICO</emphasis> Priorità di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">experimental</emphasis>"

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "If you listed <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> in your <filename>sources.list</filename> file, the corresponding packages will almost never be installed because their default APT priority is 1. This is of course a specific case, designed to keep users from installing <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> packages by mistake. The packages can only be installed by typing <command>aptitude install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/experimental</command> — users typing this command can only be aware of the risks that they take. It is still possible (though <emphasis>not</emphasis> recommended) to treat packages of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> like those of other distributions by giving them a priority of 500. This is done with a specific entry in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>:"
msgstr "Se si è elencato <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> nel proprio file <filename>sources.list</filename>, i pacchetti corrispondenti non saranno quasi mai installati perché la loro priorità predefinita è 1. Questo naturalmente è un caso specifico, progettato per impedire agli utenti di installare pacchetti <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> per errore. I pacchetti possono essere installati solo digitando <command>aptitude install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/experimental</command>; gli utenti che digitano questo comando non possono che essere consapevoli dei rischi che corrono. È sempre possibile (anche se <emphasis>non</emphasis> consigliato) trattare i pacchetti <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Experimental</emphasis> come quelli di altre distribuzioni dando loro priorità 500. Questo viene fatto con una voce specifica in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>:"

msgid ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=experimental\n"
"Pin-Priority: 500"
msgstr ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=experimental\n"
"Pin-Priority: 500"

msgid "Let's suppose that you only want to use packages from the stable version of Debian. Those provided in other versions should not be installed except if explicitly requested. You could write the following entries in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file:"
msgstr "Supponiamo che si vogliano usare solamente i pacchetti della versione stabile di Debian. Quelli forniti in altre versioni non devono essere installati tranne se esplicitamente richiesto. Si dovrebbero scrivere le seguenti voci nel file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>:"

msgid ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=stable\n"
"Pin-Priority: 900\n"
"\n"
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release o=Debian\n"
"Pin-Priority: -10"
msgstr ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=stable\n"
"Pin-Priority: 900\n"
"\n"
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release o=Debian\n"
"Pin-Priority: -10"

msgid "<literal>a=stable</literal> defines the name of the selected distribution. <literal>o=Debian</literal> limits the scope to packages whose origin is “Debian”."
msgstr "<literal>a=stable</literal> definisce il nome della distribuzione selezionata. <literal>o=Debian</literal> limita l'impostazione ai pacchetti la cui origine è \"Debian\"."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Let's now assume that you have a server with several local programs depending on the version 5.14 of Perl and that you want to ensure that upgrades will not install another version of it. You could use this entry:"
msgid "Let's now assume that you have a server with several local programs depending on the version 5.24 of Perl and that you want to ensure that upgrades will not install another version of it. You could use this entry:"
msgstr "Si supponga ora di avere un server con diversi programmi locali dipendenti dalla versione 5.14 di Perl e che si voglia garantire che non vengano installati gli aggiornamenti ad un'altra versione. Si potrebbe usare questa riga:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Package: perl\n"
#| "Pin: version 5.14*\n"
#| "Pin-Priority: 1001"
msgid ""
"Package: perl\n"
"Pin: version 5.24*\n"
"Pin-Priority: 1001"
msgstr ""
"Package: perl\n"
"Pin: version 5.14*\n"
"Pin-Priority: 1001"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of priority, do not hesitate to execute <command>apt-cache policy</command> to display the default priority associated with each package source. You can also use <command>apt-cache policy <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> to display the priorities of all available versions of a given package."
msgid "To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of priority and distribution or repository properties to pin do not hesitate to execute <command>apt-cache policy</command> to display the default priority associated with each package source, or <command>apt-cache policy <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> to display the default priority for each available version and source of a package as explained in <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-cache-policy\" />."
msgstr "Per capire meglio il meccanismo delle priorità, si può eseguire senza esitazioni <command>apt-cache policy</command> per visualizzare la priorità predefinita associata ad ogni fonte di pacchetti. È possibile inoltre usare <command>apt-cache policy <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> per vedere le priorità di tutte le versioni disponibili di un determinato pacchetto."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The reference documentation for this configuration file is available in the manual page <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt_preferences</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, which you can display with <command>man apt_preferences</command>."
msgid "The reference documentation for the files <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> is available in the manual page <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt_preferences</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, which you can display with <command>man apt_preferences</command>."
msgstr "La documentazione di riferimento per questo file di configurazione è disponibile nella pagina di manuale <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt_preferences</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, che è possibile visualizzare con <command>man apt_preferences</command>."

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Comments in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Commenti in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>"

msgid "<primary><literal>Explanation</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>Explanation</literal></primary>"

msgid "<primary><literal>Pin</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>Pin</literal></primary>"

msgid "<primary><literal>Pin-Priority</literal></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><literal>Priorità di pin</literal></primary>"

msgid "There is no official syntax to put comments in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file, but some textual descriptions can be provided by putting one or more “<literal>Explanation</literal>” fields at the start of each entry:"
msgstr "Non esiste una sintassi ufficiale per mettere dei commenti nel file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>, ma possono essere fornite alcune descrizioni testuali mettendo uno o più campi \"<literal>Explanation</literal>\" all'inizio di ogni voce:"

msgid ""
"Explanation: The package xserver-xorg-video-intel provided\n"
"Explanation: in experimental can be used safely\n"
"Package: xserver-xorg-video-intel\n"
"Pin: release a=experimental\n"
"Pin-Priority: 500"
msgstr ""
"Explanation: Il pacchetto xserver-xorg-video-intel fornito\n"
"Explanation: in experimental può essere usato tranquillamente\n"
"Package: xserver-xorg-video-intel\n"
"Pin: release a=experimental\n"
"Pin-Priority: 500"

msgid "Working with Several Distributions"
msgstr "Lavorare con più distribuzioni"

msgid "<command>apt</command> being such a marvelous tool, it is tempting to pick packages coming from other distributions. For example, after having installed a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> system, you might want to try out a software package available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> without diverging too much from the system's initial state."
msgstr "Dato che <command>apt</command> è uno strumento così meraviglioso, si può essere tentati di prendere pacchetti provenienti da altre distribuzioni. Ad esempio, dopo aver installato un sistema <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, si potrebbe desiderare di provare un pacchetto software disponibile in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, senza scostarsi troppo dallo stato iniziale del sistema."

msgid "Even if you will occasionally encounter problems while mixing packages from different distributions, <command>apt</command> manages such coexistence very well and limits risks very effectively. The best way to proceed is to list all distributions used in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> (some people always put the three distributions, but remember that <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> is reserved for experienced users) and to define your reference distribution with the <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> parameter (see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-upgrade\" />)."
msgstr "Anche se a volte si incontrano problemi mischiando pacchetti di diverse distribuzioni, <command>apt</command> gestisce tale coesistenza molto bene e limita i rischi in modo molto efficace. Il miglior modo di procedere è quello di elencare tutte le distribuzioni utilizzate in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> (alcune persone mettono sempre le tre distribuzioni, ma ricordare che <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> è riservata agli utenti esperti) e di definire la distribuzione di riferimento con il parametro <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-upgrade\" />)."

msgid "Let's suppose that <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> is your reference distribution but that <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> are also listed in your <filename>sources.list</filename> file. In this case, you can use <command>apt install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing</command> to install a package from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. If the installation fails due to some unsatisfiable dependencies, let it solve those dependencies within <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> by adding the <literal>-t testing</literal> parameter. The same obviously applies to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>."
msgstr "Supponiamo che <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> sia la propria distribuzione di riferimento ma che <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> siano comunque elencate nel proprio file <filename>sources.list</filename>. In questo caso, è possibile usare <command>apt install <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/testing</command> per installare un pacchetto da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. Se l'installazione non riesce a causa di alcune dipendenze che non possono essere soddisfatte, si può lasciare che risolva queste dipendenze in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> aggiungendo il parametro <literal>-t testing</literal>. Lo stesso vale ovviamente per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>."

msgid "In this situation, upgrades (<command>upgrade</command> and <command>full-upgrade</command>) are done within <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> except for packages already upgraded to another distribution: those will follow updates available in the other distributions. We will explain this behavior with the help of the default priorities set by APT below. Do not hesitate to use <command>apt-cache policy</command> (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-cache-policy\" />) to verify the given priorities."
msgstr "In questa situazione, gli aggiornamenti (<command>upgrade</command> e <command>full-upgrade</command>) vengono fatti all'interno di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> eccetto per i pacchetti già aggiornati ad altre distribuzioni: questi seguiranno gli aggiornamenti disponibili nelle altre distribuzioni. Questo comportamento verrà spiegato più avanti con l'aiuto delle priorità predefinite impostate da APT. Non esitare ad usare <command>apt-cache policy</command> (vedere riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-cache-policy\" />) per verificare le priorità assegnate."

msgid "Everything centers around the fact that APT only considers packages of higher or equal version than the installed one (assuming that <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> has not been used to force priorities higher than 1000 for some packages)."
msgstr "Tutto ruota intorno al fatto che APT considera solo i pacchetti con versione più alta o uguale a quella installata (assumendo che non è stato usato <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> per forzare priorità più alte di 1000 per alcuni pacchetti)."

msgid "Let's assume that you have installed version 1 of a first package from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> and that version 2 and 3 are available respectively in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. The installed version has a priority of 100 but the version available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> (the very same) has a priority of 990 (because it is part of the target release). Packages in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> have a priority of 500 (the default priority of a non-installed version). The winner is thus version 1 with a priority of 990. The package “stays in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>”."
msgstr "Supponiamo di avere installato la versione 1 di un primo pacchetto da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> e che le versioni 2 e 3 siano disponibili rispettivamente in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. La versione installata ha una priorità di 100, ma la versione disponibile in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> (la stessa) ha priorità 990 (perché fa parte della versione di riferimento). I pacchetti in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> hanno priorità 500 (la priorità predefinita per una versione non installata). Il vincitore è dunque la versione 1 con una priorità di 990. Il pacchetto «rimane in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>»."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Let's take the example of another package whose version 2 has been installed from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. Version 1 is available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> and version 3 in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. Version 1 (of priority 990 — thus lower than 1000) is discarded because it is lower than the installed version. This only leaves version 2 and 3, both of priority 500. Faced with this alternative, APT selects the newest version, the one from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>.If you don't want a package installed from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> to migrate to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, you have to assign a priority lower than 500 (490 for example) to packages coming from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. You can modify <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> to this effect:"
msgid "Let's take the example of another package whose version 2 has been installed from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. Version 1 is available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> and version 3 in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. Version 1 (of priority 990 — thus lower than 1000) is discarded because it is lower than the installed version. This only leaves version 2 and 3, both of priority 500. Faced with this alternative, APT selects the newest version, the one from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. If you don't want a package installed from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> to migrate to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, you have to assign a priority lower than 500 (490 for example) to packages coming from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. You can modify <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> to this effect:"
msgstr "Prendiamo ora l'esempio di un altro pacchetto la cui versione 2 è stata installata da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>. La versione 1 è disponibile in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> e la versione 3 in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. La versione 1 (di priorità 990, quindi minore di 1000) è scartata perché è più bassa della versione installata. Questo lascia in gioco solo le versioni 2 e 3, entrambe con priorità 500. Di fronte a questa alternativa, APT sceglie la versione più recente, quella da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. Se non si desidera che un pacchetto installato da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> venga migrato a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, è necessario assegnare una priorità minore di 500 (490 ad esempio) ai pacchetti provenienti da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>. Si può modificare <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> con queste righe:"

msgid ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=unstable\n"
"Pin-Priority: 490"
msgstr ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=unstable\n"
"Pin-Priority: 490"

msgid "Tracking Automatically Installed Packages"
msgstr "Tenere traccia dei pacchetti installati automaticamente"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "One of the essential functionalities of <command>apt</command> is the tracking of packages installed only through dependencies. These packages are called “automatic”, and often include libraries for instance."
msgid "One of the essential functionalities of <command>apt</command> is the tracking of packages installed only through dependencies. These packages are called “automatic”, and often include libraries."
msgstr "Una delle funzionalità essenziali di <command>apt</command> è il tenere traccia dei pacchetti installati solo come dipendenze. Questi pacchetti vengono chiamati «automatici» e spesso comprendono, ad esempio, le librerie."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt remove</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt autoremove</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt remove</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt-get remove</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt-get autoremove</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get remove</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>automatic removal</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>removal</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>automatic removal</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>rimozione</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "With this information, when packages are removed, the package managers can compute a list of automatic packages that are no longer needed (because there is no “manually installed” packages depending on them). <command>apt-get autoremove</command> will get rid of those packages. <command>aptitude</command> and <command>apt</command> do not have this command: the former because it removes them automatically as soon as they are identified, and the latter probably because the user should not have to manually run such a command. In all cases, the tools display a clear message listing the affected packages."
msgid "With this information, when packages are removed, the package managers can compute a list of automatic packages that are no longer needed (because there is no “manually installed” packages depending on them). <command>apt-get autoremove</command> or <command>apt autoremove</command> will get rid of those packages. <command>aptitude</command> does not have this command because it removes them automatically as soon as they are identified. In all cases, the tools display a clear message listing the affected packages."
msgstr "Con queste informazioni, quando i pacchetti vengono rimossi, i gestori di pacchetti possono elaborare un elenco di pacchetti automatici che non sono più necessari (perché non ci sono pacchetti \"installati manualmente\" che dipendono da essi). <command>apt-get autoremove</command> eliminerà tali pacchetti. <command>aptitude</command> e <command>apt</command> non hanno questo comando: il primo perché li rimuove automaticamente non appena vengono identificati, e quest'ultimo probabilmente perché l'utente non deve eseguire manualmente tale comando. In ogni caso, gli strumenti visualizzano un messaggio chiaro che elenca i pacchetti interessati."

msgid "<primary><command>apt-mark auto</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-mark auto</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-mark manual</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-mark manual</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude markauto</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude markauto</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude unmarkauto</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude unmarkauto</command></primary>"

msgid "It is a good habit to mark as automatic any package that you don't need directly so that they are automatically removed when they aren't necessary anymore. <command>apt-mark auto <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> will mark the given package as automatic whereas <command>apt-mark manual <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> does the opposite. <command>aptitude markauto</command> and <command>aptitude unmarkauto</command> work in the same way although they offer more features for marking many packages at once (see <xref linkend=\"sect.aptitude\" />). The console-based interactive interface of <command>aptitude</command> also makes it easy to review the “automatic flag” on many packages."
msgstr "È buona abitudine marcare come automatico ogni pacchetto di cui non si ha direttamente bisogno, in modo che venga automaticamente rimosso quando non è più necessario. <command>apt-mark auto <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> marca il pacchetto specificato come automatico, mentre <command>apt-mark manual <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> fa l'opposto. <command>aptitude markauto</command> e <command>aptitude unmarkauto</command> funzionano nello stesso modo, anche se offrono più funzionalità per marcare molti pacchetti contemporaneamente (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.aptitude\" />). L'interfaccia interattiva basata su console di <command>aptitude</command> rende anche facile revisionare il «contrassegno automatico» per molti pacchetti."

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude why</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude why</command></primary>"

msgid "People might want to know why an automatically installed package is present on the system. To get this information from the command line, you can use <command>aptitude why <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> (<command>apt</command> and <command>apt-get</command> have no similar feature):"
msgstr "Si potrebbe voler sapere perché un pacchetto installato automaticamente è presente nel sistema. Per ottenere queste informazioni dalla riga di comando, è possibile utilizzare <command>aptitude why <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> (<command>apt</command> e <command>apt-get</command> non hanno una funzionalità simile):"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>aptitude why python-debian\n"
#| "</userinput><computeroutput>i   aptitude         Recommends apt-xapian-index         \n"
#| "i A apt-xapian-index Depends    python-debian (&gt;= 0.1.15)\n"
#| "</computeroutput>"
msgid ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>aptitude why python-debian\n"
"</userinput><computeroutput>i   aptitude         Suggests apt-xapian-index\n"
"p   apt-xapian-index Depends  python-debian (&gt;= 0.1.14)\n"
"</computeroutput>"
msgstr ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>aptitude why python-debian\n"
"</userinput><computeroutput>i   aptitude         Raccomanda apt-xapian-index       \n"
"i A apt-xapian-index Dipende    python-debian (&gt;= 0.1.15)\n"
"</computeroutput>"

msgid "<emphasis>ALTERNATIVE</emphasis> <command>deborphan</command> and <command>debfoster</command>"
msgstr "<emphasis>ALTERNATIVA</emphasis> <command>deborphan</command> e <command>debfoster</command>"

msgid "<primary><command>deborphan</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>deborphan</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>debfoster</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>debfoster</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "In days where <command>apt</command>, <command>apt-get</command> and <command>aptitude</command> were not able to track automatic packages, there were two utilities producing lists of unnecessary packages: <command>deborphan</command> and <command>debfoster</command>."
msgid "In days where <command>apt</command>, <command>apt-get</command> and <command>aptitude</command> were not able to track automatic packages, there were two utilities producing lists of unnecessary packages: <command>deborphan</command> and <command>debfoster</command>. Both can still be useful."
msgstr "In passato quando <command>apt</command>, <command>apt-get</command> e <command>aptitude</command> non erano in grado di tenere traccia dei pacchetti automatici, esistevano due utilità per produrre elenchi dei pacchetti non necessari: <command>deborphan</command> e <command>debfoster</command>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<command>deborphan</command> is the most rudimentary of both. It simply scans the <literal>libs</literal> and <literal>oldlibs</literal> sections (in the absence of supplementary instructions) looking for the packages that are currently installed and that no other package depends on. The resulting list can then serve as a basis to remove unneeded packages."
msgid "<command>deborphan</command> scans the <literal>libs</literal> and <literal>oldlibs</literal> sections (in the absence of supplementary instructions) by default looking for the packages that are currently installed and that no other package depends on. The resulting list can then serve as a basis to remove unneeded packages."
msgstr "<command>deborphan</command> è la più rudimentale delle due. Scansiona semplicemente le sezioni <literal>libs</literal> e <literal>oldlibs</literal> (in assenza di istruzioni supplementari) cercando i pacchetti che sono attualmente installati e da cui non dipende nessun altro pacchetto. L'elenco risultante può servire come base per rimuovere i pacchetti non necessari."

msgid "<command>debfoster</command> has a more elaborate approach, very similar to APT's one: it maintains a list of packages that have been explicitly installed, and remembers what packages are really required between each invocation. If new packages appear on the system and if <command>debfoster</command> doesn't know them as required packages, they will be shown on the screen together with a list of their dependencies. The program then offers a choice: remove the package (possibly together with those that depend on it), mark it as explicitly required, or ignore it temporarily."
msgstr "<command>debfoster</command> ha un approccio più elaborato, molto simile a quello di APT: mantiene una lista dei pacchetti che sono stati installati esplicitamente, e ricorda quali pacchetti sono veramente necessari da un'esecuzione all'altra. Se nuovi pacchetti compaiono nel sistema e <command>debfoster</command> non li conosce come pacchetti necessari, li visualizzerà sullo schermo insieme alla lista delle loro dipendenze. Il programma spesso offre una scelta: rimuovere il pacchetto (eventualmente insieme a ciò che dipende da esso), marcarlo come esplicitamente richiesto o ignorarlo temporaneamente."

msgid "The <command>apt-cache</command> Command"
msgstr "Il comando <command>apt-cache</command>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cache</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cache</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>package search</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>ricerca di pacchetti</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>header display</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>visualizzazione delle intestazioni</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>search of packages</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>ricerca di pacchetti</primary>"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>search</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>ricerca</secondary>"

msgid "The <command>apt-cache</command> command can display much of the information stored in APT's internal database. This information is a sort of cache since it is gathered from the different sources listed in the <filename>sources.list</filename> file. This happens during the <command>apt update</command> operation."
msgstr "Il comando <command>apt-cache</command> può visualizzare gran parte delle informazioni memorizzate nel database interno di APT. Queste informazioni sono una sorta di cache poiché vengono raccolte dalle differenti fonti elencate nel file <filename>sources.list</filename>. Questo avviene durante l'operazione <command>apt update</command>."

msgid "<emphasis>VOCABULARY</emphasis> Cache"
msgstr "<emphasis>VOCABOLARIO</emphasis> Cache"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>proxy cache</primary>"
msgid "<primary>cache</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>cache del proxy</primary>"

msgid "A cache is a temporary storage system used to speed up frequent data access when the usual access method is expensive (performance-wise). This concept can be applied in numerous situations and at different scales, from the core of microprocessors up to high-end storage systems."
msgstr "Una cache è un sistema di immagazzinamento temporaneo utilizzato per velocizzare l'accesso frequente ai dati quando il metodo usuale di accesso è dispendioso (in termini di prestazioni). Questo concetto può essere applicato in numerose situazioni e su diversa scala, dai core dei microprocessori fino ai sistemi di memorizzazione di fascia alta."

msgid "In the case of APT, the reference <filename>Packages</filename> files are those located on Debian mirrors. That said, it would be very ineffective to go through the network for every search that we might want to do in the database of available packages. That is why APT stores a copy of those files (in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename>) and searches are done within those local files. Similarly, <filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename> contains a cache of already downloaded packages to avoid downloading them again if you need to reinstall them after a removal."
msgstr "Nel caso di APT, i riferimenti dei file <filename>Packages</filename> sono quelli che si trovano sui mirror Debian. Detto questo, sarebbe decisamente inefficiente se per ogni ricerca che si desidera fare nel database dei pacchetti disponibili si dovesse passare dalla rete. Ecco perché APT salva una copia di questi file (in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename>) e le ricerche sono fatte all'interno di questi file locali. Allo stesso modo, <filename>/var/cache/apt/archives/</filename> contiene una cache dei pacchetti già scaricati per evitare di scaricarli di nuovo se fosse necessario reinstallarli dopo una rimozione."

msgid "On the other hand, it is mandatory to run <command>apt update</command> regularly to update the cache. Otherwise your package search results will always miss the latest updates distributed by the Debian mirrors."
msgstr ""

msgid "<primary><command>apt show</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt show</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt search</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt search</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cache show</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cache show</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cache search</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cache search</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude show</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude show</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>aptitude search</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude search</command></primary>"

msgid "The <command>apt-cache</command> command can do keyword-based package searches with <command>apt-cache search <replaceable>keyword</replaceable></command>. It can also display the headers of the package's available versions with <command>apt-cache show <replaceable>package</replaceable></command>. This command provides the package's description, its dependencies, the name of its maintainer, etc. Note that <command>apt search</command>, <command>apt show</command>, <command>aptitude search</command>, <command>aptitude show</command> work in the same way."
msgstr "Il comando <command>apt-cache</command> può ricercare pacchetti in base a parole chiave con <command>apt-cache search <replaceable>parolachiave</replaceable></command>. Può inoltre visualizzare le intestazioni delle versioni disponibili del pacchetto con <command>apt-cache show <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command>. Questo comando fornisce la descrizione del pacchetto, le sue dipendenze, il nome del suo manutentore, ecc. Si noti che  <command>apt search</command>, <command>apt show</command>, <command>aptitude search</command>, <command>aptitude show</command> lavorano nello stesso modo."

msgid "<emphasis>ALTERNATIVE</emphasis> <command>axi-cache</command>"
msgstr "<emphasis>ALTERNATIVA</emphasis> <command>axi-cache</command>"

msgid "<primary><command>axi-cache</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>axi-cache</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-xapian-index</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-xapian-index</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "<command>apt-cache search</command> is a very rudimentary tool, basically implementing <command>grep</command> on package's descriptions. It often returns too many results or none at all when you include too many keywords."
msgstr "<command>apt-cache search</command> è uno strumento molto rudimentale, che fondamentalmente implementa <command>grep</command> sulle descrizioni dei pacchetti. Spesso restituisce troppi risultati o nessuno, quando si usano troppe parole chiave."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<command>axi-cache search <replaceable>term</replaceable></command>, on the other hand, provides better results, sorted by relevancy. It uses the <emphasis>Xapian</emphasis> search engine and is part of the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-xapian-index</emphasis> package whichs indexes all package information (and more, like the <filename>.desktop</filename> files from all Debian packages). It knows about tags (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.debtags\" />) and returns results in a matter of milliseconds."
msgid "<command>axi-cache search <replaceable>term</replaceable></command>, on the other hand, provides better results, sorted by relevancy. It uses the <emphasis>Xapian</emphasis> search engine and is part of the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-xapian-index</emphasis> package which indexes all package information (and more, like the <filename>.desktop</filename> files from all Debian packages). It knows about tags (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.debtags\" />) and returns results in a matter of milliseconds."
msgstr "<command>axi-cache search <replaceable>termine</replaceable></command>, invece, fornisce risultati migliori, ordinati per importanza. Usa il motore di ricerca <emphasis>Xapian</emphasis> e fa parte del pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-xapian-index</emphasis> che indicizza tutte le informazioni sui pacchetti (e altro ancora, come i file <filename>.desktop</filename> di tutti i pacchetti Debian). Capisce il contenuto dei tag (vedere riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.debtags\" />) e restituisce i risultati in un tempo dell'ordine dei millisecondi."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "$ <userinput>axi-cache search package use::searching</userinput>\n"
#| "105 results found.\n"
#| "Results 1-20:\n"
#| "100% packagesearch - GUI for searching packages and viewing package information\n"
#| "98% debtags - Enables support for package tags\n"
#| "94% debian-goodies - Small toolbox-style utilities \n"
#| "93% dpkg-awk - Gawk script to parse /var/lib/dpkg/{status,available} and Packages\n"
#| "93% goplay - games (and more) package browser using DebTags\n"
#| "[...]\n"
#| "87% apt-xapian-index - maintenance and search tools for a Xapian index of Debian packages\n"
#| "[...]\n"
#| "More terms: search debian searching strigi debtags bsearch libbsearch\n"
#| "More tags: suite::debian works-with::software:package role::program interface::commandline implemented-in::c++ admin::package-management use::analysing\n"
#| "`axi-cache more' will give more results\n"
#| "      "
msgid ""
"$ <userinput>axi-cache search package use::searching</userinput>\n"
"<![CDATA[\n"
"100 results found.\n"
"Results 1-20:\n"
"100% packagesearch - GUI for searching packages and viewing package information\n"
"99% apt-utils - package management related utility programs\n"
"98% whohas - query multiple distributions' package archives\n"
"98% dpkg-awk - Gawk script to parse /var/lib/dpkg/{status,available} and Packages\n"
"97% apt-file - search for files within Debian packages (command-line interface)\n"
"[..]\n"
"90% wajig - unified package management front-end for Debian\n"
"More terms: debtags debian paket dpkg search pakete tools\n"
"More tags: role::program interface::commandline works-with::software:package suite::debian admin::package-management scope::utility network::client\n"
"`axi-cache more' will give more results\n"
"]]>"
msgstr ""
"$ <userinput>axi-cache search package use::searching</userinput>\n"
"105 results found.\n"
"Results 1-20:\n"
"100% packagesearch - GUI per ricercare pacchetti e visualizzare informazioni su di essi\n"
"98% debtags - Abilita il supporto per i tag dei pacchetti\n"
"94% debian-goodies - piccole utilità stile cassetta degli attrezzi per sistemi Debian \n"
"93% dpkg-awk - script gawk per analizzare /var/lib/dpkg/{status,available} e Packages\n"
"93% goplay - navigatore di pacchetti di gioco (e altro) che usa DebTags\n"
"[...]\n"
"87% apt-xapian-index - strumenti di manutenzione e ricerca per l'indice Xapian dei pacchetti Debian\n"
"[...]\n"
"More terms: search debian searching strigi debtags bsearch libbsearch\n"
"More tags: suite::debian works-with::software:package role::program interface::commandline implemented-in::c++ admin::package-management use::analysing\n"
"`axi-cache more' will give more results\n"
"      "

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cache policy</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cache policy</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cache dumpavail</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cache dumpavail</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><command>apt-cache pkgnames</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-cache pkgnames</command></primary>"

msgid "Some features are more rarely used. For instance, <command>apt-cache policy</command> displays the priorities of package sources as well as those of individual packages. Another example is <command>apt-cache dumpavail</command> which displays the headers of all available versions of all packages. <command>apt-cache pkgnames</command> displays the list of all the packages which appear at least once in the cache."
msgstr "Alcune funzionalità sono usate più raramente. Per esempio, <command>apt-cache policy</command> visualizza le priorità delle fonti dei pacchetti così come quelle dei singoli pacchetti. Un altro esempio è <command>apt-cache dumpavail</command> che visualizza le intestazioni di tutte le versioni disponibili di tutti i pacchetti. <command>apt-cache pkgnames</command> visualizza l'elenco di tutti i pacchetti che appaiono almeno una volta nella cache."

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> <command>apt-cache policy</command>"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> <command>apt-cache policy</command>"

msgid "The <command>apt-cache policy</command> command displays the pinning priorities and distribution properties of each package source as explained in <xref linkend=\"sect.apt.priorities\" />. It can also show the pinning priorities for all available versions and sources of a package. For the <filename>sources.list</filename> example used in <xref linkend=\"example.stable-sources-list\" /> and <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal> set to <literal>\"buster\"</literal>, the output will look like this:"
msgstr ""

msgid ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>apt-cache policy</userinput>\n"
"<computeroutput>Package files:\n"
" 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status\n"
"     release a=now\n"
" 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports/contrib amd64 Packages\n"
"     release o=Debian Backports,a=buster-backports,n=buster-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=contrib,b=amd64\n"
"     origin deb.debian.org\n"
" 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports/main amd64 Packages\n"
"     release o=Debian Backports,a=buster-backports,n=buster-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=main,b=amd64\n"
"     origin deb.debian.org\n"
" 990 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster/non-free amd64 Packages\n"
"     release v=10.0,o=Debian,a=stable,n=buster,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=amd64\n"
"     origin deb.debian.org\n"
" 990 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster/contrib amd64 Packages\n"
"     release v=10.0,o=Debian,a=stable,n=buster,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=amd64\n"
"     origin deb.debian.org\n"
" 990 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages\n"
"     release v=10.0,o=Debian,a=stable,n=buster,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64\n"
"     origin deb.debian.org\n"
" 990 http://security.debian.org buster/updates/main amd64 Packages\n"
"     release v=10,o=Debian,a=stable,n=buster,l=Debian-Security,c=main,b=amd64\n"
"     origin security.debian.org</computeroutput>"
msgstr ""

msgid "<command>apt-cache policy</command> can also show the pinning priorities for all available versions and sources of a given package."
msgstr ""

msgid ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>apt-cache policy iptables</userinput>\n"
"<computeroutput>iptables:\n"
"  Installed: 1.8.2-4\n"
"  Candidate: 1.8.2-4\n"
"  Version table:\n"
"     1.8.3-2~bpo10+1 100\n"
"        100 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports/main amd64 Packages\n"
" *** 1.8.2-4 990\n"
"        990 https://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages\n"
"        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status</computeroutput>"
msgstr ""

msgid "Although there is a newer version of <emphasis role=\"pkg\">iptables</emphasis> in the <literal>buster-backports</literal> repository, APT will not install it automatically based on the priority. One would have to use <command>apt install iptables/buster-backports</command> or add a higher pinning priority to <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/iptables</filename>:"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Package: *\n"
#| "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
#| "Pin-Priority: 490"
msgid ""
"Package: iptables\n"
"Pin: release o=Debian Backports, a=buster-backports\n"
"Pin-Priority: 1001"
msgstr ""
"Package: *\n"
"Pin: release a=unstable\n"
"Pin-Priority: 490"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The <command>apt-cache</command> Command"
msgid "The <command>apt-file</command> Command"
msgstr "Il comando <command>apt-cache</command>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt-get</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt-file</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-get</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>package search</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>file search</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>ricerca di pacchetti</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>search of packages</primary>"
msgid "<primary>search of files</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>ricerca di pacchetti</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>search</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>search files</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>ricerca</secondary>"

msgid "Sometimes we refer to a file or a command and you might wonder, in which package it will be found. Fortunately the Debian repositories not only contain information about all the binary packages provided, but also all the files shipped with them. This information is stored in files named <filename>Contents-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>.gz</filename> and <filename>Contents-udeb-<replaceable>arch</replaceable>.gz</filename>. This information is not automatically downloaded by APT. Instead it needs the <command>apt-file update</command> command (from the similar named package) to retrieve the contents of all package sources mentioned in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. To update the database on a weekly base, the following entry can be added to <filename>/etc/crontab</filename> if convenient."
msgstr ""

msgid "<![CDATA[@weekly root test -x /usr/bin/apt-file && /usr/bin/apt-file update >> /dev/null 2>&1]]>"
msgstr ""

msgid "After the database has been updated, the command <command>apt-file search <replaceable>pattern</replaceable></command> will list all packages, which contain a filename or path containing the pattern."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt install spamassassin/unstable</userinput>"
msgid ""
"<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>apt-file search bin/axi-cache</userinput>\n"
"apt-xapian-index: /usr/bin/axi-cache"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt install spamassassin/unstable</userinput>"

msgid "The command <command>apt-file list <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> will list all files shipped with the package instead."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Package naming conventions"
msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Listing a package contents and finding a file's package"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Convenzioni per i nomi dei pacchetti"

msgid "Similar to <command>apt-file list</command> the command <command>dpkg -L <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> lists all files, but only for an installed package. To find the package, a local file belongs to, use <command>dpkg -S <replaceable>file</replaceable></command> (see <xref linkend=\"sect.dpkg-list\" />). To list all local files not belonging to any installed package, you might want to take a look at the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">cruft</emphasis> or the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">cruft-ng</emphasis> package."
msgstr ""

msgid "Frontends: <command>aptitude</command>, <command>synaptic</command>"
msgstr "Frontend: <command>aptitude</command>, <command>synaptic</command>"

msgid "<primary><command>synaptic</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>synaptic</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "APT is a C++ program whose code mainly resides in the <command>libapt-pkg</command> shared library. Using a shared library facilitates the creation of user interfaces (front-ends), since the code contained in the library can easily be reused. Historically, <command>apt-get</command> was only designed as a test front-end for <command>libapt-pkg</command> but its success tends to obscure this fact."
msgid "APT is a C++ program whose code mainly resides in the <literal>libapt-pkg</literal> shared library. Using a shared library facilitates the creation of user interfaces (front-ends), since the code contained in the library can easily be reused. Historically, <command>apt-get</command> was only designed as a test front-end for <literal>libapt-pkg</literal> but its success tends to obscure this fact."
msgstr "APT è un programma C++ il cui codice risiede nella libreria condivisa <command>libapt-pkg</command>. L'uso di una libreria condivisa facilita la creazione di un'interfaccia utente (frontend), poiché il codice contenuto nella libreria può essere facilmente riutilizzato. Storicamente, <command>apt-get</command> è stato concepito solo come un frontend di prova per <command>libapt-pkg</command> ma il suo successo tende ad oscurare questo fatto."

msgid "<command>aptitude</command>"
msgstr "<command>aptitude</command>"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary><tertiary><command>aptitude</command></tertiary><see><command>aptitude</command></see>"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<command>aptitude</command> is an interactive program that can be used in semi-graphical mode on the console. You can browse the list of installed and available packages, look up all the available information, and select packages to install or remove. The program is designed specifically to be used by administrators, so that its default behaviors are much more intelligent than <command>apt-get</command>'s, and its interface much easier to understand."
msgid "<command>aptitude</command> is an interactive program that can be used in semi-graphical mode on the console. You can browse the list of installed and available packages, look up all the available information, and select packages to install or remove. The program is designed specifically to be used by administrators, so that its default behaviors are designed to be much more intelligent than <command>apt-get</command>'s, and its interface much easier to understand."
msgstr "<command>aptitude</command> è un programma interattivo che può essere usato in modalità semi-grafica dalla console. Si può scorrere la lista dei pacchetti installati e disponibili, cercare tutte le informazioni disponibili, e selezionare i pacchetti da installare o rimuovere. Il programma è stato progettato appositamente per essere usato da amministratori, in modo che i suoi comportamenti predefiniti sono molto più intelligenti di quelli di <command>apt-get</command> e la sua interfaccia è molto più semplice da capire."

msgid "The <command>aptitude</command> package manager"
msgstr "Il gestore di pacchetti <command>aptitude</command>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>basic usage</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "When it starts, <command>aptitude</command> shows a list of packages sorted by state (installed, non-installed, or installed but not available on the mirrors — other sections display tasks, virtual packages, and new packages that appeared recently on mirrors). To facilitate thematic browsing, other views are available. In all cases, <command>aptitude</command> displays a list combining categories and packages on the screen. Categories are organized through a tree structure, whose branches can respectively be unfolded or closed with the <keycombo><keycap>Enter</keycap></keycombo>, <keycombo><keycap>[</keycap></keycombo> and <keycombo><keycap>]</keycap></keycombo> keys. <keycombo><keycap>+</keycap></keycombo> should be used to mark a package for installation, <keycombo><keycap>-</keycap></keycombo> to mark it for removal and <keycombo><keycap>_</keycap></keycombo> to purge it (note than these keys can also be used for categories, in which case the corresponding actions will be applied to all the packages of the category). <keycombo><keycap>u</keycap></keycombo> updates the lists of available packages and <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>u</keycap></keycombo> prepares a global system upgrade. <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> switches to a summary view of the requested changes (and typing <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> again will apply the changes), and <keycombo><keycap>q</keycap></keycombo> quits the current view. If you are in the initial view, this will effectively close <command>aptitude</command>."
msgid "When it starts, <command>aptitude</command> shows a list of packages sorted by state (installed, non-installed, or installed but not available on the mirrors — other sections display tasks, virtual packages, and new packages that appeared recently on mirrors). To facilitate thematic browsing, other views are available. In all cases, <command>aptitude</command> displays a list combining categories and packages on the screen. Categories are organized through a tree structure, whose branches can respectively be unfolded or closed with the <keycombo><keycap>Enter</keycap></keycombo>, <keycombo><keycap>[</keycap></keycombo> and <keycombo><keycap>]</keycap></keycombo> keys. <keycombo><keycap>+</keycap></keycombo> should be used to mark a package for installation, <keycombo><keycap>-</keycap></keycombo> to mark it for removal and <keycombo><keycap>_</keycap></keycombo> to purge it (note that these keys can also be used for categories, in which case the corresponding actions will be applied to all the packages of the category). <keycombo><keycap>u</keycap></keycombo> updates the lists of available packages and <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Shift</keycap><keycap>u</keycap></keycombo> prepares a global system upgrade. <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> switches to a summary view of the requested changes (and typing <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> again will apply the changes), and <keycombo><keycap>q</keycap></keycombo> quits the current view. If you are in the initial view, this will effectively close <command>aptitude</command>."
msgstr "Quando si avvia, <command>aptitude</command> mostra un elenco di pacchetti ordinati per stato (installati, non installati o installati ma non disponibili sui mirror; altre sezioni mostrano i task, i pacchetti virtuali e i nuovi pacchetti che sono apparsi di recente nei mirror). Per facilitare la navigazione tematica, sono presenti altre viste. In tutti i casi, <command>aptitude</command> visualizza sullo schermo un elenco che combina categorie e pacchetti. Le categorie sono organizzate con una struttura ad albero, i cui rami posso essere rispettivamente aperti o chiusi con i tasti <keycombo><keycap>Invio</keycap></keycombo>, <keycombo><keycap>[</keycap></keycombo> e <keycombo><keycap>]</keycap></keycombo>. <keycombo><keycap>+</keycap></keycombo> viene usato per marcare un pacchetto per l'installazione, <keycombo><keycap>-</keycap></keycombo> per marcarlo per la rimozione e <keycombo><keycap>_</keycap></keycombo> per l'eliminazione (notare che questi tasti possono essere usati anche per le categorie, in questo caso l'azione corrispondente verrà applicata a tutti i pacchetti della categoria). <keycombo><keycap>u</keycap></keycombo> aggiorna l'elenco dei pacchetti disponibili e <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Maiusc</keycap><keycap>u</keycap></keycombo> prepara un aggiornamento globale del sistema. <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> passa ad una visualizzazione di riepilogo delle modifiche richieste (e digitando <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> ancora si applicano i cambiamenti), e <keycombo><keycap>q</keycap></keycombo> esce dalla vista corrente. Se si è nella vista principale, questo si tradurrà nella chiusura di <command>aptitude</command>."

msgid "<emphasis>DOCUMENTATION</emphasis> <command>aptitude</command>"
msgstr "<emphasis>DOCUMENTAZIONE</emphasis> <command>aptitude</command>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>authentication</primary><secondary>package authentication</secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>documentation</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>autenticazione</primary><secondary>autenticazione di un pacchetto</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "This section does not cover the finer details of using <command>aptitude</command>, it rather focuses on giving you a survival kit to use it. <command>aptitude</command> is rather well documented and we advise you to use its complete manual available in the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude-doc-en</emphasis> package (see <filename>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/html/en/index.html</filename>)."
msgid "This section does not cover the finer details of using <command>aptitude</command>. It rather focuses on giving you a survival kit to use it. But it is well documented and we advise you to use its complete manual available in the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude-doc-en</emphasis> package (see <filename>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/html/en/index.html</filename>) or at <ulink url=\"https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/aptitude/\" />)."
msgstr "Questa sezione non analizza tutti gli utilizzi di <command>aptitude</command>, ma piuttosto si concentra sul fornire un kit di sopravvivenza per usarlo. <command>aptitude</command> è piuttosto ben documentato e vi consigliamo di usare il manuale completo disponibile nel pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude-doc-it</emphasis> (<filename>/usr/share/doc/aptitude/html/it/index.html</filename>)."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>package search</secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>package search</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>ricerca di pacchetti</secondary>"

msgid "To search for a package, you can type <keycombo><keycap>/</keycap></keycombo> followed by a search pattern. This pattern matches the name of the package, but can also be applied to the description (if preceded by <literal>~d</literal>), to the section (with <literal>~s</literal>) or to other characteristics detailed in the documentation. The same patterns can filter the list of displayed packages: type the <keycombo><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo> key (as in <foreignphrase>limit</foreignphrase>) and enter the pattern."
msgstr "Per cercare un pacchetto, si può digitare <keycombo><keycap>/</keycap></keycombo> seguito da un modello di ricerca. Questo modello fa corrispondenza con il nome del pacchetto, ma può essere applicato anche alla descrizione (se preceduto da <literal>~d</literal>), alla sezione (con <literal>~s</literal>) o ad altre caratteristiche descritte nella documentazione. Gli stessi modelli possono filtrare l'elenco dei pacchetti visualizzati: digitando il tasto <keycombo><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo> (per <foreignphrase>limita</foreignphrase>) e inserendo il modello."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>upgrade</primary><secondary>automatic system upgrade</secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>automatic flag</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamento</primary><secondary>aggiornamento automatico del sistema</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary><literal>markauto</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

msgid "Managing the “automatic flag” of Debian packages (see <xref linkend=\"sect.automatic-tracking\" />) is a breeze with <command>aptitude</command>. It is possible to browse the list of installed packages and mark packages as automatic with <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Shift</keycap> <keycap>m</keycap></keycombo> or to remove the mark with the <keycombo><keycap>m</keycap></keycombo> key. “Automatic packages” are displayed with an “A” in the list of packages. This feature also offers a simple way to visualize the packages in use on a machine, without all the libraries and dependencies that you don't really care about. The related pattern that can be used with <keycombo><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo> (to activate the filter mode) is <literal>~i!~M</literal>. It specifies that you only want to see installed packages (<literal>~i</literal>) not marked as automatic (<literal>!~M</literal>)."
msgstr "La gestione del «contrassegno automatico» per i pacchetti Debian (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.automatic-tracking\" />) diventa una passeggiata se si usa <command>aptitude</command>. È possibile navigare l'elenco dei pacchetti installati e contrassegnare i pacchetti come automatici con <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Maiusc</keycap><keycap>m</keycap></keycombo> oppure rimuovere il contrassegno con il tasto <keycombo><keycap>m</keycap></keycombo>. I «pacchetti automatici» vengono visualizzati con una «A» nell'elenco dei pacchetti. Questa funzionalità offre anche un modo semplice per visualizzare i pacchetti usati su una macchina, senza tutte le librerie e dipendenze a cui non si è veramente interessati. Il corrispondente modello che può essere usato con <keycombo><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo> (per attivare la modalità filtro) è <literal>~i!~M</literal>. Specifica che si desiderano vedere solo i pacchetti installati ((<literal>~i</literal>) non contrassegnati come automatici (<literal>!~M</literal>)."

msgid "<emphasis>TOOL</emphasis> Using <command>aptitude</command> on the command-line interface"
msgstr "<emphasis>STRUMENTO</emphasis> Usare <command>aptitude</command> con interfaccia a riga di comando"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>command line</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"

msgid "Most of <command>aptitude</command>'s features are accessible via the interactive interface as well as via command-lines. These command-lines will seem familiar to regular users of <command>apt-get</command> and <command>apt-cache</command>."
msgstr "La maggior parte delle funzionalità di <command>aptitude</command> sono disponibili sia tramite l'interfaccia visuale che da quella a riga di comando. Le righe di comando risulteranno familiari a chi usa regolarmente <command>apt-get</command> e <command>apt-cache</command>."

msgid "The advanced features of <command>aptitude</command> are also available on the command-line. You can use the same package search patterns as in the interactive version. For example, if you want to cleanup the list of “manually installed” packages, and if you know that none of the locally installed programs require any particular libraries or Perl modules, you can mark the corresponding packages as automatic with a single command:"
msgstr "Le funzionalità avanzate di <command>aptitude</command> sono disponibili anche dalla riga di comando. È possibile utilizzare gli stessi modelli di ricerca dei pacchetti della versione interattiva. Per esempio, se si desidera ripulire l'elenco dei pacchetti «installati manualmente» e si sa che nessuno dei programmi installati ha bisogno di particolari librerie o moduli Perl, è possibile contrassegnare i pacchetti corrispondenti come automatici con un solo comando:"

msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>aptitude markauto '~slibs|~sperl'</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>aptitude markauto '~slibs|~sperl'</userinput>"

msgid "Here, you can clearly see the power of the search pattern system of <command>aptitude</command>, which enables the instant selection of all the packages in the <literal>libs</literal> and <literal>perl</literal> sections."
msgstr "Qui, si può chiaramente vedere la potenza del sistema a modello di ricerca di <command>aptitude</command>, che permette la selezione istantanea di tutti i pacchetti nelle sezioni <literal>libs</literal> e <literal>perl</literal>."

msgid "Beware, if some packages are marked as automatic and if no other package depends on them, they will be removed immediately (after a confirmation request)."
msgstr "Attenzione, se alcuni pacchetti sono marcati come automatici e nessun altro pacchetto dipende da loro, questi saranno rimossi immediatamente (dopo una richiesta di conferma)."

msgid "Managing Recommendations, Suggestions and Tasks"
msgstr "Gestire raccomandazioni, suggerimenti e task"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>tasks</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Another interesting feature of <command>aptitude</command> is the fact that it respects recommendations between packages while still giving users the choice not to install them on a case by case basis. For example, the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> package recommends <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gdebi</emphasis> (among others). When you select the former for installation, the latter will also be selected (and marked as automatic if not already installed on the system). Typing <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> will make it obvious: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gdebi</emphasis> appears on the summary screen of pending actions in the list of packages installed automatically to satisfy dependencies. However, you can decide not to install it by deselecting it before confirming the operations."
msgid "Another interesting feature of <command>aptitude</command> is the fact that it respects recommendations between packages while still giving users the choice not to install them on a case by case basis. For example, the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> package recommends <emphasis role=\"pkg\">transmission-gtk</emphasis> (among others). When you select the former for installation, the latter will also be selected (and marked as automatic if not already installed on the system). Typing <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> will make it obvious: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">transmission-gtk</emphasis> appears on the summary screen of pending actions in the list of packages installed automatically to satisfy dependencies. However, you can decide not to install it by deselecting it before confirming the operations."
msgstr "Un'altra caratteristica interessante di <command>aptitude</command> è il fatto che rispetta le raccomandazioni tra i pacchetti, pur dando agli utenti la scelta di non installarle caso per caso. Ad esempio, il pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> raccomanda <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gdebi</emphasis> (tra gli altri). Quando si seleziona il primo per l'installazione, viene selezionato anche il secondo (e contrassegnato come automatico se non già installato sul sistema). Digitare <keycombo><keycap>g</keycap></keycombo> renderà la cosa evidente: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gdebi</emphasis> viene visualizzato nella schermata di riepilogo delle operazioni pianificate nell'elenco dei pacchetti installati automaticamente per soddisfare le dipendenze. Tuttavia, è possibile decidere di non installarlo deselezionandolo prima di confermare le operazioni."

msgid "Note that this recommendation tracking feature does not apply to upgrades. For instance, if a new version of <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> recommends a package that it did not recommend formerly, the package won't be marked for installation. However, it will be listed on the upgrade screen so that the administrator can still select it for installation."
msgstr "Si noti che questa funzione di tracciamento delle raccomandazioni non si applica agli aggiornamenti. Per esempio, se una nuova versione di <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> raccomanda un pacchetto che non raccomandava precedentemente, il pacchetto non viene contrassegnato per l'installazione. Tuttavia, esso sarà elencato nella schermata di aggiornamento in modo che l'amministratore possa sempre selezionarlo per l'installazione."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Suggestions between packages are also taken into account, but in a manner adapted to their specific status. For example, since <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> suggests <emphasis role=\"pkg\">dia-gnome</emphasis>, the latter will be displayed on the summary screen of pending actions (in the section of packages suggested by other packages). This way, it is visible and the administrator can decide whether to take the suggestion into account or not. Since it is only a suggestion and not a dependency or a recommendation, the package will not be selected automatically — its selection requires a manual intervention from the user (thus, the package will not be marked as automatic)."
msgid "Suggestions between packages are also taken into account, but in a manner adapted to their specific status. For example, since <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> suggests <emphasis role=\"pkg\">empathy</emphasis>, the latter will be displayed on the summary screen of pending actions (in the section of packages suggested by other packages). This way, it is visible and the administrator can decide whether to take the suggestion into account or not. Since it is only a suggestion and not a dependency or a recommendation, the package will not be selected automatically — its selection requires a manual intervention from the user (thus, the package will not be marked as automatic)."
msgstr "Anche i suggerimenti tra i pacchetti sono presi in considerazione, ma in un modo adatto al loro stato specifico. Per esempio, dal momento che <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome</emphasis> suggerisce <emphasis role=\"pkg\">dia-gnome</emphasis>, quest'ultimo sarà visualizzato nella schermata riassuntiva delle azioni in sospeso (nella sezione dei pacchetti suggeriti da altri pacchetti). In questo modo, è visibile e l'amministratore può decidere se prendere in considerazione il suggerimento o meno. Dal momento che sono solo suggerimenti e non dipendenze o raccomandazioni, il pacchetto non verrà selezionato automaticamente: la sua selezione richiede un intervento manuale da parte dell'utente (quindi, il pacchetto non verrà contrassegnato come automatico)."

msgid "In the same spirit, remember that <command>aptitude</command> makes intelligent use of the concept of task. Since tasks are displayed as categories in the screens of packages lists, you can either select a full task for installation or removal, or browse the list of packages included in the task to select a smaller subset."
msgstr "Con lo stesso spirito, si ricordi che <command>aptitude</command> fa un uso intelligente del concetto di task. Dal momento che i task vengono visualizzati come categorie nelle schermate delle liste di pacchetti, è possibile selezionare un'intera attività per l'installazione o rimozione, o sfogliare la lista dei pacchetti inclusi nell'attività per selezionarne un insieme più piccolo."

msgid "Better Solver Algorithms"
msgstr "Algoritmi funzionanti meglio"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>solver</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"

msgid "To conclude this section, let's note that <command>aptitude</command> has more elaborate algorithms compared to <command>apt-get</command> when it comes to resolving difficult situations. When a set of actions is requested and when these combined actions would lead to an incoherent system, <command>aptitude</command> evaluates several possible scenarios and presents them in order of decreasing relevance. However, these algorithms are not failproof. Fortunately there is always the possibility to manually select the actions to perform. When the currently selected actions lead to contradictions, the upper part of the screen indicates a number of “broken” packages (and you can directly navigate to those packages by pressing <keycombo><keycap>b</keycap></keycombo>). It is then possible to manually build a solution for the problems found. In particular, you can get access to the different available versions by simply selecting the package with <keycombo><keycap>Enter</keycap></keycombo>. If the selection of one of these versions solves the problem, you should not hesitate to use the function. When the number of broken packages gets down to zero, you can safely go to the summary screen of pending actions for a last check before you apply them."
msgstr "Per concludere questa sezione, si noti che <command>aptitude</command> ha degli algoritmi più elaborati rispetto ad <command>apt-get</command> quando si tratta di risolvere situazioni difficili. Quando è richiesto un insieme di azioni e quando queste azioni combinate potrebbero portare ad un sistema incoerente, <command>aptitude</command> valuta i diversi scenari possibili e li presenta in ordine decrescente di rilevanza. Tuttavia, questi algoritmi non sono infallibili. Fortunatamente c'è sempre la possibilità di selezionare manualmente le azioni da eseguire. Quando le azioni attualmente scelte portano a contraddizioni, la parte superiore dello schermo indica un numero di pacchetti «difettosi» (e si può navigare direttamente fra questi pacchetti premendo <keycombo><keycap>b</keycap></keycombo>). È dunque possibile costruire manualmente una soluzione al problema riscontrato. In particolare, è possibile ottenere l'accesso alle differenti versioni disponibili semplicemente selezionando il pacchetto con <keycombo><keycap>Invio</keycap></keycombo>. Se la selezione di una di queste versioni risolve il problema, non si dovrebbe esitare a usare quella funzione. Quando il numero di pacchetti difettosi raggiunge lo zero, si può andare senza problemi alla schermata riepilogativa delle azioni in attesa per un ultimo controllo prima di applicare i cambiamenti."

msgid "<emphasis>NOTE</emphasis> <command>aptitude</command>'s log"
msgstr "<emphasis>NOTA</emphasis> Il log di <command>aptitude</command>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary>log</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary><command>aptitude</command></primary><secondary><filename>/var/log/aptitude</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

msgid "Like <command>dpkg</command>, <command>aptitude</command> keeps a trace of executed actions in its logfile (<filename>/var/log/aptitude</filename>). However, since both commands work at a very different level, you cannot find the same information in their respective logfiles. While <command>dpkg</command> logs all the operations executed on individual packages step by step, <command>aptitude</command> gives a broader view of high-level operations like a system-wide upgrade."
msgstr "Come <command>dpkg</command>, <command>aptitude</command> tiene traccia delle azioni eseguite nel suo file di log (<filename>/var/log/aptitude</filename>). Tuttavia, visto che i due comandi lavorano ad un livello totalmente differente, non è possibile trovare le stesse informazioni sui loro rispettivi file di log. Mentre <command>dpkg</command> registra tutte le operazioni eseguite su ogni singolo pacchetto, passo dopo passo, <command>aptitude</command> offre una visione più ampia delle operazioni ad alto livello come un aggiornamento di sistema."

msgid "Beware, this logfile only contains a summary of operations performed by <command>aptitude</command>. If other front-ends (or even <command>dpkg</command> itself) are occasionally used, then <command>aptitude</command>'s log will only contain a partial view of the operations, so you can't rely on it to build a trustworthy history of the system."
msgstr "Fare attenzione al fatto che questo file di log contiene solo un riassunto delle operazioni eseguite da <command>aptitude</command>. Se altri front-end (o anche <command>dpkg</command> stesso) sono occasionalmente usati, allora il log di <command>aptitude</command> conterrà solo una visione parziale delle operazioni, quindi non si può fare affidamento su di esso per ricostruire la storia esatta del sistema."

msgid "<command>synaptic</command>"
msgstr "<command>synaptic</command>"

msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary><tertiary><command>synaptic</command></tertiary><see><command>synaptic</command></see>"
msgstr ""

msgid "<command>synaptic</command> is a graphical package manager for Debian which features a clean and efficient graphical interface based on GTK+/GNOME. Its many ready-to-use filters give fast access to newly available packages, installed packages, upgradable packages, obsolete packages and so on. If you browse through these lists, you can select the operations to be done on the packages (install, upgrade, remove, purge); these operations are not performed immediately, but put into a task list. A single click on a button then validates the operations, and they are performed in one go."
msgstr "<command>synaptic</command> è un gestore di pacchetti grafico per Debian che dispone di un'interfaccia grafica pulita ed efficiente basata su GTK+/GNOME. I suoi molti filtri già pronti da utilizzare consentono di accedere velocemente ai nuovi pacchetti disponibili, pacchetti installati, pacchetti aggiornabili, pacchetti obsoleti e così via. Se si naviga in questi elenchi, è possibile selezionare le opzioni da fare sui pacchetti (installare, aggiornare, rimuovere, eliminare completamente); queste operazioni non vengono eseguite immediatamente, ma messe in un elenco di attività. Un semplice clic su un pulsante convalida le operazioni, ed esse vengono eseguite in un sol colpo."

msgid "<command>synaptic</command> package manager"
msgstr "Il gestore di pacchetti <command>synaptic</command>"

msgid "Checking Package Authenticity"
msgstr "Controllare l'autenticità dei pacchetti"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>authenticity check</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>controllo di autenticità</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>seal</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sigillo</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>signature</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>firma</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>signature</primary><secondary>package signature</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>firma</primary><secondary>firma di un pacchetto</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>authentication</primary><secondary>package authentication</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>autenticazione</primary><secondary>autenticazione di un pacchetto</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>Release</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>Release.gpg</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfaces</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>InRelease</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>interfacce</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>apt-secure</literal></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>non-free</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>configuration</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>archive authentification</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary>configurazione</secondary>"

msgid "Security is very important for Falcot Corp administrators. Accordingly, they need to ensure that they only install packages which are guaranteed to come from Debian with no tampering on the way. A computer cracker could try to add malicious code to an otherwise legitimate package. Such a package, if installed, could do anything the cracker designed it to do, including for instance disclosing passwords or confidential information. To circumvent this risk, Debian provides a tamper-proof seal to guarantee — at install time — that a package really comes from its official maintainer and hasn't been modified by a third party."
msgstr "La sicurezza è molto importante per gli amministratori di Falcot Corp. Di conseguenza, devono garantire che vengano installati solo i pacchetti di cui è garantita la provenienza da Debian senza alcuna manomissione lungo il percorso. Un autore di attacchi informatici potrebbe tentare di aggiungere codice dannoso ad un pacchetto altrimenti legittimo. Tale pacchetto, se installato, potrebbe fare qualsiasi cosa per cui l'autore dell'attacco l'ha progettato, tra cui ad esempio scoprire password o informazioni riservate. Per ovviare a questo rischio, Debian fornisce un sigillo di garanzia a prova di manomissione per garantire, in fase di installazione, che un pacchetto venga veramente dal suo manutentore ufficiale e non sia stato modificato da terzi."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The seal works with a chain of cryptographical hashes and a signature. The signed file is the <filename>Release</filename> file, provided by the Debian mirrors. It contains a list of the <filename>Packages</filename> files (including their compressed forms, <filename>Packages.gz</filename> and <filename>Packages.xz</filename>, and the incremental versions), along with their MD5, SHA1 and SHA256 hashes, which ensures that the files haven't been tampered with. These <filename>Packages</filename> files contain a list of the Debian packages available on the mirror, along with their hashes, which ensures in turn that the contents of the packages themselves haven't been altered either."
msgid "The seal works with a chain of cryptographical hashes and a signature and is explained in detail in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-secure</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Starting with Debian 10 <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis> the signed file is the <filename>InRelease</filename> file, provided by the Debian mirrors. There is also a legacy file called <filename>Release</filename>. Both contain a list of the <filename>Packages</filename> files (including their compressed forms, <filename>Packages.gz</filename> and <filename>Packages.xz</filename>, and the incremental versions), along with their SHA256 hashes, which ensures that the files haven't been tampered with. These <filename>Packages</filename> files contain a list of the Debian packages available on the mirror, along with their hashes, which ensures in turn that the contents of the packages themselves haven't been altered either. The difference between <filename>InRelease</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> is, that the former are cryptographically signed in-line, whereas the latter provide a detached signature in the form of the file <filename>Release.gpg</filename>."
msgstr "Il sigillo funziona con una catena di hash crittografici e una firma. Il file firmato è il file <filename>Release</filename>, fornito dai mirror Debian. Contiene una lista dei file <filename>Packages</filename> (comprese le loro forme compresse, <filename>Packages.gz</filename> e <filename>Packages.xz</filename>, e la versione incrementale), insieme ai loro hash MD5, SHA1 e SHA256, che assicurano che i file non siano stati manomessi. Questi file <filename>Packages</filename> contengono una lista dei pacchetti Debian disponibili sul mirror, con i loro hash, che assicura a sua volta che il contenuto dei pacchetti non sia stato alterato."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis>GOING FURTHER</emphasis> The cache of <filename>.deb</filename> files"
msgid "<emphasis>NOTE</emphasis> The future of <filename>Release</filename> and <filename>Release.gpg</filename>"
msgstr "<emphasis>APPROFONDIMENTO</emphasis> La cache dei file <filename>.deb</filename>"

msgid "Probably with the release of Debian 11 <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Bullseye</emphasis> APT will remove support for the legacy files <filename>Release</filename> and <filename>Release.gpg</filename>, used since APT 0.6, which introduced support for an archive authentication."
msgstr ""

msgid "<primary><command>apt-key</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt-key</command></primary>"

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">debian-archive-keyring</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">debian-archive-keyring</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></primary>"

msgid "<primary><filename>Release.gpg</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Release.gpg</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>Release.gpg</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>InRelease</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>Release.gpg</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The trusted keys are managed with the <command>apt-key</command> command found in the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis> package. This program maintains a keyring of GnuPG public keys, which are used to verify signatures in the <filename>Release.gpg</filename> files available on the mirrors. It can be used to add new keys manually (when non-official mirrors are needed). Generally however, only the official Debian keys are needed. These keys are automatically kept up-to-date by the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">debian-archive-keyring</emphasis> package (which puts the corresponding keyrings in <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d</filename>). However, the first installation of this particular package requires caution: even if the package is signed like any other, the signature cannot be verified externally. Cautious administrators should therefore check the fingerprints of imported keys before trusting them to install new packages:"
msgid "APT needs a set of trusted GnuPG public keys to verify signatures in the <filename>InRelease</filename> and <filename>Release.gpg</filename> files available on the mirrors. It gets them from files in <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename> and from the <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename> keyring (managed by the <command>apt-key</command> command). The official Debian keys are provided and kept up-to-date by the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">debian-archive-keyring</emphasis> package which puts them in <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename>. Note, however, that the first installation of this particular package requires caution: even if the package is signed like any other, the signature cannot be verified externally. Cautious administrators should therefore check the fingerprints of imported keys before trusting them to install new packages:"
msgstr "Le chiavi fidate sono gestite con il comando <command>apt-key</command> che si trova nel pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis>. Questo programma mantiene un portachiavi di chiavi pubbliche GnuPG, che sono usate per verificare le firme nei file <filename>Release.gpg</filename> disponibili nei mirror. Può essere usato per aggiungere manualmente nuove chiavi (quando sono necessari mirror non ufficiali). In generale tuttavia, servono solo le chiavi ufficiali di Debian. Queste chiavi sono automaticamente mantenute aggiornate dal pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">debian-archive-keyring</emphasis> (che mette i portachiavi corrispondenti in <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d</filename>). Tuttavia, la prima installazione di questo particolare pacchetto richiede cautela: anche se il pacchetto è firmato come ogni altro, la firma non può essere verificata esternamente. Gli amministratori prudenti dovrebbero dunque controllare le impronte digitali delle chiavi importate prima di fidarsi di loro per installare nuovi pacchetti:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "# <userinput>apt-key fingerprint</userinput>\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-automatic.gpg\n"
#| "----------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/2B90D010 2014-11-21 [expires: 2022-11-19]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = 126C 0D24 BD8A 2942 CC7D  F8AC 7638 D044 2B90 D010\n"
#| "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-security-automatic.gpg\n"
#| "-------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/C857C906 2014-11-21 [expires: 2022-11-19]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = D211 6914 1CEC D440 F2EB  8DDA 9D6D 8F6B C857 C906\n"
#| "uid                  Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-stable.gpg\n"
#| "-------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/518E17E1 2013-08-17 [expires: 2021-08-15]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = 75DD C3C4 A499 F1A1 8CB5  F3C8 CBF8 D6FD 518E 17E1\n"
#| "uid                  Jessie Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-squeeze-automatic.gpg\n"
#| "-----------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/473041FA 2010-08-27 [expires: 2018-03-05]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = 9FED 2BCB DCD2 9CDF 7626  78CB AED4 B06F 4730 41FA\n"
#| "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (6.0/squeeze) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-squeeze-stable.gpg\n"
#| "--------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/B98321F9 2010-08-07 [expires: 2017-08-05]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = 0E4E DE2C 7F3E 1FC0 D033  800E 6448 1591 B983 21F9\n"
#| "uid                  Squeeze Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-wheezy-automatic.gpg\n"
#| "----------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/46925553 2012-04-27 [expires: 2020-04-25]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = A1BD 8E9D 78F7 FE5C 3E65  D8AF 8B48 AD62 4692 5553\n"
#| "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (7.0/wheezy) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "\n"
#| "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-wheezy-stable.gpg\n"
#| "-------------------------------------------------------\n"
#| "pub   4096R/65FFB764 2012-05-08 [expires: 2019-05-07]\n"
#| "      Key fingerprint = ED6D 6527 1AAC F0FF 15D1  2303 6FB2 A1C2 65FF B764\n"
#| "uid                  Wheezy Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;"
msgid ""
"<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt-key fingerprint\n"
"</userinput><![CDATA[/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg\n"
"----------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2019-04-14 [SC] [expires: 2027-04-12]\n"
"      80D1 5823 B7FD 1561 F9F7  BCDD DC30 D7C2 3CBB ABEE\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <ftpmaster@debian.org>\n"
"sub   rsa4096 2019-04-14 [S] [expires: 2027-04-12]\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2019-04-14 [SC] [expires: 2027-04-12]\n"
"      5E61 B217 265D A980 7A23  C5FF 4DFA B270 CAA9 6DFA\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (10/buster) <ftpmaster@debian.org>\n"
"sub   rsa4096 2019-04-14 [S] [expires: 2027-04-12]\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2019-02-05 [SC] [expires: 2027-02-03]\n"
"      6D33 866E DD8F FA41 C014  3AED DCC9 EFBF 77E1 1517\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Stable Release Key (10/buster) <debian-release@lists.debian.org>\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-automatic.gpg\n"
"----------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2014-11-21 [SC] [expires: 2022-11-19]\n"
"      126C 0D24 BD8A 2942 CC7D  F8AC 7638 D044 2B90 D010\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) <ftpmaster@debian.org>\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-security-automatic.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2014-11-21 [SC] [expires: 2022-11-19]\n"
"      D211 6914 1CEC D440 F2EB  8DDA 9D6D 8F6B C857 C906\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) <ftpmaster@debian.org>\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-stable.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2013-08-17 [SC] [expires: 2021-08-15]\n"
"      75DD C3C4 A499 F1A1 8CB5  F3C8 CBF8 D6FD 518E 17E1\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Jessie Stable Release Key <debian-release@lists.debian.org>\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-automatic.gpg\n"
"-----------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2017-05-22 [SC] [expires: 2025-05-20]\n"
"      E1CF 20DD FFE4 B89E 8026  58F1 E0B1 1894 F66A EC98\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (9/stretch) <ftpmaster@debian.org>\n"
"sub   rsa4096 2017-05-22 [S] [expires: 2025-05-20]\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-security-automatic.gpg\n"
"--------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2017-05-22 [SC] [expires: 2025-05-20]\n"
"      6ED6 F5CB 5FA6 FB2F 460A  E88E EDA0 D238 8AE2 2BA9\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (9/stretch) <ftpmaster@debian.org>\n"
"sub   rsa4096 2017-05-22 [S] [expires: 2025-05-20]\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-stretch-stable.gpg\n"
"--------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   rsa4096 2017-05-20 [SC] [expires: 2025-05-18]\n"
"      067E 3C45 6BAE 240A CEE8  8F6F EF0F 382A 1A7B 6500\n"
"uid           [ unknown] Debian Stable Release Key (9/stretch) <debian-release@lists.debian.org>\n"
"\n"
"]]>"
msgstr ""
"# <userinput>apt-key fingerprint</userinput>\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-automatic.gpg\n"
"----------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/2B90D010 2014-11-21 [expires: 2022-11-19]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = 126C 0D24 BD8A 2942 CC7D  F8AC 7638 D044 2B90 D010\n"
"uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-security-automatic.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/C857C906 2014-11-21 [expires: 2022-11-19]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = D211 6914 1CEC D440 F2EB  8DDA 9D6D 8F6B C857 C906\n"
"uid                  Debian Security Archive Automatic Signing Key (8/jessie) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-jessie-stable.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/518E17E1 2013-08-17 [expires: 2021-08-15]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = 75DD C3C4 A499 F1A1 8CB5  F3C8 CBF8 D6FD 518E 17E1\n"
"uid                  Jessie Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-squeeze-automatic.gpg\n"
"-----------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/473041FA 2010-08-27 [expires: 2018-03-05]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = 9FED 2BCB DCD2 9CDF 7626  78CB AED4 B06F 4730 41FA\n"
"uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (6.0/squeeze) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-squeeze-stable.gpg\n"
"--------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/B98321F9 2010-08-07 [expires: 2017-08-05]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = 0E4E DE2C 7F3E 1FC0 D033  800E 6448 1591 B983 21F9\n"
"uid                  Squeeze Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-wheezy-automatic.gpg\n"
"----------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/46925553 2012-04-27 [expires: 2020-04-25]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = A1BD 8E9D 78F7 FE5C 3E65  D8AF 8B48 AD62 4692 5553\n"
"uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (7.0/wheezy) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
"\n"
"/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-wheezy-stable.gpg\n"
"-------------------------------------------------------\n"
"pub   4096R/65FFB764 2012-05-08 [expires: 2019-05-07]\n"
"      Impronta digitale della chiave = ED6D 6527 1AAC F0FF 15D1  2303 6FB2 A1C2 65FF B764\n"
"uid                  Wheezy Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;"

msgid "<emphasis>IN PRACTICE</emphasis> Adding trusted keys"
msgstr "<emphasis>IN PRATICA</emphasis> Aggiungere chiavi fidate"

msgid "<primary>trusted key</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>chiave fidata</primary>"

msgid "<primary>key</primary><secondary>APT's authentication keys</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>chiave</primary><secondary>chiavi di autenticazione di APT</secondary>"

msgid "When a third-party package source is added to the <filename>sources.list</filename> file, APT needs to be told to trust the corresponding GPG authentication key (otherwise it will keep complaining that it can't ensure the authenticity of the packages coming from that repository). The first step is of course to get the public key. More often than not, the key will be provided as a small text file, which we will call <filename>key.asc</filename> in the following examples."
msgstr "Quando si aggiunge una sorgente di pacchetti di terze parti al file <filename>sources.list</filename>, APT ha bisogno di venire istruiti a fidarsi della corrispondente chiave GPG (altrimenti continuerà a ricordare che non può garantire l'autenticità dei pacchetti provenienti da quel repository). Il primo passo è ovviamente ottenere la chiave pubblica. Spesso, la chiave viene fornita come un piccolo file di testo, che verrà chiamato nei prossimi esempi <filename>key.asc</filename>."

msgid "To add the key to the trusted keyring, the administrator can just put it in a <filename>*.asc</filename> file in <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename>. This is supported since Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stretch</emphasis>. With older releases, you had to run <command>apt-key add &lt; key.asc</command>."
msgstr ""

msgid "Once the appropriate keys are in the keyring, APT will check the signatures before any risky operation, so that front-ends will display a warning if asked to install a package whose authenticity can't be ascertained."
msgstr "Una volta che le chiavi appropriate sono nel portafoglio, APT controlla le firme prima di ogni operazione rischiosa, così che le interfacce mostrano a video un messaggio se si richiede di installare un pacchetto la cui autenticità non può essere verificata."

msgid "Upgrading from One Stable Distribution to the Next"
msgstr "Aggiornare da una distribuzione stabile alla successiva"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>system</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>dist-upgrade</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><foreignphrase>non-free</foreignphrase>, section</primary>"
msgid "<primary><foreignphrase>dist-upgrade</foreignphrase></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><foreignphrase>non-free</foreignphrase>, sezione</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>dist-upgrade</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

msgid "One of the best-known features of Debian is its ability to upgrade an installed system from one stable release to the next: <foreignphrase>dist-upgrade</foreignphrase> — a well-known phrase — has largely contributed to the project's reputation. With a few precautions, upgrading a computer can take as little as a few minutes, or a few dozen minutes, depending on the download speed from the package repositories."
msgstr "Una delle caratteristiche più note di Debian è la sua capacità di aggiornare il sistema installato da un rilascio stabile a quello successivo: <foreignphrase>dist-upgrade</foreignphrase>, un termine ben noto, ha in gran parte contribuito alla reputazione del progetto. Con alcune precauzioni, l'aggiornamento di un computer può richiedere da un minimo di pochi, fino a qualche decina, di minuti a seconda della velocità di scaricamento dai repository dei pacchetti."

msgid "Recommended Procedure"
msgstr "Procedura raccomandata"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>system</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>release notes</foreignphrase></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>APT</primary><secondary><foreignphrase>pinning</foreignphrase></secondary>"

msgid "Since Debian has quite some time to evolve in-between stable releases, you should read the release notes before upgrading."
msgstr "Dal momento che Debian ha un tempo abbastanza lungo per evolvere fra i rilasci stabili, si consiglia di leggere le note di rilascio prima di fare l'aggiornamento."

msgid "<emphasis>BACK TO BASICS</emphasis> Release notes"
msgstr "<emphasis>FONDAMENTALI</emphasis> Note di rilascio"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>trusted key</primary>"
msgid "<primary>release notes</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>chiave fidata</primary>"

msgid "The release notes for an operating system (and, more generally, for any software) are a document giving an overview of the software, with some details concerning the particularities of one version. These documents are generally short compared to the complete documentation, and they usually list the features which have been introduced since the previous version. They also give details on upgrading procedures, warnings for users of previous versions, and sometimes errata."
msgstr "Le note di rilascio per un sistema operativo (e, più genericamente, per qualsiasi software) sono un documento che fornisce una panoramica sul software, con alcuni dettagli riguardanti le particolarità di una versione. Questi documenti sono in genere più brevi rispetto alla documentazione completa, e di solito elencano le caratteristiche introdotte dalla versione precedente. Forniscono anche dettagli sulle procedure di aggiornamento, avvertenze per gli utenti delle versioni precedenti, e talvolta errata."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Release notes are available online: the release notes for the current stable release have a dedicated URL, while older release notes can be found with their codenames: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/releasenotes\" /> <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes\" />"
msgid "Release notes are available online: the release notes for the current stable release have a dedicated URL, while older release notes can be found with their codenames: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/releasenotes\" /> <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://www.debian.org/releases/stretch/releasenotes\" />"
msgstr "Le note di rilascio sono disponibili online: le note di rilascio per il rilascio stabile attuale hanno un URL dedicato, mentre le note di rilascio più vecchie possono essere trovate con i loro nomi in codice: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/releasenotes\" /> <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes\" />"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "In this section, we will focus on upgrading a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Wheezy</emphasis> system to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis>. This is a major operation on a system; as such, it is never 100% risk-free, and should not be attempted before all important data has been backed up."
msgid "In this section, we will focus on upgrading a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stretch</emphasis> system to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis>. This is a major operation on a system; as such, it is never 100% risk-free, and should not be attempted before all important data has been backed up."
msgstr "In questa sezione, ci soffermeremo sull'aggiornamento di un sistema <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Wheezy</emphasis> a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis>. Si tratta di una grande operazione su un sistema; come tale, non è mai al 100% priva di rischi, e non si dovrebbe tentarla prima di aver fatto il backup dei dati più importanti."

msgid "Another good habit which makes the upgrade easier (and shorter) is to tidy your installed packages and keep only the ones that are really needed. Helpful tools to do that include <command>aptitude</command>, <command>deborphan</command> and <command>debfoster</command> (see <xref linkend=\"sect.automatic-tracking\" />). For example, you can use the following command, and then use <command>aptitude</command>'s interactive mode to double check and fine-tune the scheduled removals:"
msgstr "Un'altra buona abitudine che permette un aggiornamento più facile (e veloce) è di riordinare i pacchetti installati e mantenere solo quelli che sono realmente necessari. Strumenti utili per fare questo sono <command>aptitude</command>, <command>deborphan</command> e <command>debfoster</command> (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.automatic-tracking\" />). Per esempio, è possibile usare il comando seguente e poi usare la modalità interattiva di <command>aptitude</command> per ricontrollare e aggiustare le rimozioni pianificate:"

msgid "# <userinput>deborphan | xargs aptitude --schedule-only remove</userinput>"
msgstr "# <userinput>deborphan | xargs aptitude --schedule-only remove</userinput>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Package naming conventions"
msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Finding changed files"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Convenzioni per i nomi dei pacchetti"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>debfoster</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>debsums</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>debfoster</command></primary>"

msgid "The <command>debsums</command> command can check if files on the local system, which are part of an installed package, have been altered. It uses a simple hashsum algorithm and the information in <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/info/<replaceable>package</replaceable>.md5sums</filename> (see <xref linkend=\"sect.conffiles\" />). To find all altered configuration files use <command>debsums -ec</command>. To check the whole system, use <command>debsums -c</command>."
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Now for the upgrading itself. First, you need to change the <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file to tell APT to get its packages from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> instead of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Wheezy</emphasis>. If the file only contains references to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> rather than explicit codenames, the change isn't even required, since <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> always refers to the latest released version of Debian. In both cases, the database of available packages must be refreshed (with the <command>apt update</command> command or the refresh button in <command>synaptic</command>)."
msgid "Now for the upgrading itself. First, you need to change the <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file to tell APT to get its packages from <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis> instead of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stretch</emphasis>. If the file only contains references to <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> rather than explicit codenames, the change isn't even required, since <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> always refers to the latest released version of Debian. In both cases, the database of available packages must be refreshed (with the <command>apt update</command> command or the refresh button in <command>synaptic</command>)."
msgstr "Passiamo ora all'aggiornamento vero e proprio. Prima di tutto, è necessario cambiare il file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> per indicare ad APT di ottenere i pacchetti da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> invece di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Wheezy</emphasis>. Se il file contiene solo riferimenti a <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> piuttosto che nomi in codice espliciti, questo cambiamento non è neppure necessario, poiché <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> si riferisce sempre all'ultima versione rilasciata di Debian. In entrambi i casi, il database dei pacchetti disponibili deve essere aggiornato (con il comando <command>apt update</command> o con il pulsante di aggiornamento in <command>synaptic</command>)."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<emphasis>IN PRACTICE</emphasis> The Falcot Corp case"
msgid "<emphasis>NOTE</emphasis> Repository information changes"
msgstr "<emphasis>IN PRATICA</emphasis> Il caso della Falcot Corp"

msgid "When a new stable version of Debian is released, some fields in the <filename>Release</filename> and <filename>InRelease</filename> files of a repository change, like the <literal>Suite</literal> field. When this happens, downloading data from the repository is declined until the change is confirmed to ensure the user is prepared for it. To confirm the change use the <literal>--allow-releaseinfo-change</literal> or <literal>--allow-releaseinfo-change-<replaceable>field</replaceable></literal> options for <command>apt-get</command> or the <literal>Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange</literal> configuration option."
msgstr ""

msgid "Once these new package sources are registered, you should first do a minimal upgrade with <command>apt upgrade</command>. By doing the upgrade in two steps, we ease the job of the package management tools and often ensure that we have the latest versions of those, which might have accumulated bugfixes and improvements required to complete the full distribution upgrade."
msgstr "Una volta che queste nuove fonti di pacchetti sono registrate, si dovrebbe prima fare un aggiornamento minimale con <command>apt upgrade</command>. Facendo l'aggiornamento in due fasi, si facilita il compito degli strumenti di gestione dei pacchetti e spesso si garantisce la presenza delle loro più recenti versioni che possono aver incorporato risoluzioni di bug e miglioramenti necessari per completare l'aggiornamento completo del sistema."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Once this first upgrade is done, it is time to handle the upgrade itself, either with <command>apt full-upgrade</command>, <command>aptitude</command>, or <command>synaptic</command>. You should carefully check the suggested actions before applying them: you might want to add suggested packages or deselect packages which are only recommended and known not to be useful. In any case, the front-end should come up with a scenario ending in a coherent and up-to-date <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> system. Then, all you need is to do is wait while the required packages are downloaded, answer the Debconf questions and possibly those about locally modified configuration files, and sit back while APT does its magic."
msgid "Once this first upgrade is done, it is time to handle the upgrade itself, either with <command>apt full-upgrade</command>, <command>aptitude</command>, or <command>synaptic</command>. You should carefully check the suggested actions before applying them: you might want to add suggested packages or deselect packages which are only recommended and known not to be useful. In any case, the front-end should come up with a scenario ending in a coherent and up-to-date <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis> system. Then, all you need is to do is wait while the required packages are downloaded, answer the debconf questions and possibly those about locally modified configuration files, and sit back while APT does its magic."
msgstr "Una volta fatto questo primo aggiornamento, è il momento di occuparsi dell'aggiornamento stesso, sia con <command>apt full-upgrade</command>, <command>aptitude</command>, o <command>synaptic</command>. Si consiglia di controllare attentamente le azioni suggerite prima di applicarle: si potrebbe desiderare di aggiungere pacchetti suggeriti o deselezionare i pacchetti che sono solo raccomandati e che si sa non saranno utili. In ogni caso, il frontend dovrebbe trovare ciò che serve per avere alla fine un sistema <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> aggiornato e coerente. In seguito, tutto ciò che si deve fare è aspettare che i pacchetti necessari vengano scaricati, rispondere alle domande di Debconf ed eventualmente a quelle sui file di configurazione modificati localmente, e rilassarsi mentre APT fa la sua magia."

msgid "Handling Problems after an Upgrade"
msgstr "Gestire i problemi dopo un aggiornamento"

msgid "In spite of the Debian maintainers' best efforts, a major system upgrade isn't always as smooth as you could wish. New software versions may be incompatible with previous ones (for instance, their default behavior or their data format may have changed). Also, some bugs may slip through the cracks despite the testing phase which always precedes a Debian release."
msgstr "Nonostante i migliori sforzi dei manutentori Debian, un importante aggiornamento di sistema non va sempre liscio come si spera. Le nuove versioni del software possono essere incompatibili con quelle precedenti (per esempio, il loro comportamento predefinito o il loro formato dei dati potrebbe essere cambiato). Inoltre, alcuni bug possono sfuggire, nonostante la fase di sperimentazione, che precede sempre un rilascio di Debian."

msgid "To anticipate some of these problems, you can install the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-listchanges</emphasis> package, which displays information about possible problems at the beginning of a package upgrade. This information is compiled by the package maintainers and put in <filename>/usr/share/doc/<replaceable>package</replaceable>/NEWS.Debian</filename> files for the benefit of users. Reading these files (possibly through <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-listchanges</emphasis>) should help you avoid bad surprises."
msgstr "Per anticipare alcuni di questi problemi, è possibile installare il pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-listchanges</emphasis>, che visualizza le informazioni sui possibili problemi all'inizio dell'aggiornamento di un pacchetto. Queste informazioni sono compilate dai manutentori dei pacchetti e inserite nel file <filename>/usr/share/doc/<replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable>/NEWS.Debian</filename> a beneficio degli utenti. Leggere questi file (possibilmente attraverso <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-listchanges</emphasis>) dovrebbe aiutare ad evitare brutte sorprese."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "You might sometimes find that the new version of a software doesn't work at all. This generally happens if the application isn't particularly popular and hasn't been tested enough; a last-minute update can also introduce regressions which are only found after the stable release. In both cases, the first thing to do is to have a look at the bug tracking system at <literal>https://bugs.debian.org/<replaceable>package</replaceable></literal>, and check whether the problem has already been reported. If it hasn't, you should report it yourself with <command>reportbug</command>. If it is already known, the bug report and the associated messages are usually an excellent source of information related to the bug:"
msgid "You might sometimes find that the new version of a software doesn't work at all. This generally happens if the application isn't particularly popular and hasn't been tested enough; a last-minute update can also introduce regressions which are only found after the stable release. In both cases, the first thing to do is to have a look at the bug tracking system at <ulink url=\"https://bugs.debian.org\"><literal>https://bugs.debian.org/<replaceable>package</replaceable></literal></ulink>, and check whether the problem has already been reported. If this is case it will be also listed before the upgrade begins, if you have <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-listbugs</emphasis> installed. If it hasn't, you should report it yourself with <command>reportbug</command>. If it is already known, the bug report and the associated messages are usually an excellent source of information related to the bug:"
msgstr "A volte è possibile che la nuova versione di un software non funzioni affatto. Questo in genere accade se l'applicazione non è particolarmente popolare e non è stata testata abbastanza; un aggiornamento dell'ultimo minuto può anche introdurre regressioni che vengono scoperte solo dopo il rilascio stabile. In entrambi i casi, la prima cosa da fare è dare uno sguardo al sistema di tracciamento dei bug in <literal>https://bugs.debian.org/<replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></literal>, e verificare se il problema è già stato segnalato. Se non lo è, si dovrebbe riportarlo con <command>reportbug</command>. Se è già noto, la segnalazione di bug e i messaggi associati sono in genere un'eccellente fonte di informazioni relative al bug:"

msgid "sometimes a patch already exists, and it is available on the bug report; you can then recompile a fixed version of the broken package locally (see <xref linkend=\"sect.rebuilding-package\" />);"
msgstr "a volte una soluzione esiste già, ed è disponibile nella segnalazione di bug; si può allora ricompilare localmente una versione corretta del pacchetto non funzionante (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.rebuilding-package\" />);"

msgid "in other cases, users may have found a workaround for the problem and shared their insights about it in their replies to the report;"
msgstr "in altri casi, gli utenti potrebbero aver trovato un modo di superare il problema e condiviso le loro conoscenze al riguardo nelle loro risposte alla segnalazione;"

msgid "in yet other cases, a fixed package may have already been prepared and made public by the maintainer."
msgstr "in altri casi ancora, un pacchetto corretto potrebbe essere già stato preparato e reso pubblico da parte del manutentore."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Depending on the severity of the bug, a new version of the package may be prepared specifically for a new revision of the stable release. When this happens, the fixed package is made available in the <literal>proposed-updates</literal> section of the Debian mirrors (see <xref linkend=\"sect.proposed-updates\" />). The corresponding entry can then be temporarily added to the <filename>sources.list</filename> file, and updated packages can be installed with <command>apt</command> or <command>aptitude</command>."
msgid "Depending on the severity of the bug, a new version of the package may be prepared specifically for a new revision of the stable release. When this happens, the fixed package is made available in the <literal>proposed-updates</literal> section of the Debian mirrors (see <xref linkend=\"sect.apt-sources.list.stable.proposed-updates\" />). The corresponding entry can then be temporarily added to the <filename>sources.list</filename> file, and updated packages can be installed with <command>apt</command> or <command>aptitude</command>."
msgstr "A seconda della gravità del bug, una nuova versione del pacchetto può essere preparata appositamente per una nuova revisione della versione stabile. Quando succede questo, il pacchetto sistemato è reso disponibile nella sezione <literal>proposed-updates</literal> dei mirror Debian (vedere la <xref linkend=\"sect.proposed-updates\" />). La voce corrispondente può essere temporaneamente aggiunta al file <filename>sources.list</filename>, e i pacchetti aggiornati possono essere installati con <command>apt</command> o <command>aptitude</command>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Sometimes the fixed package isn't available in this section yet because it is pending a validation by the Stable Release Managers. You can verify if that's the case on their web page. Packages listed there aren't available yet, but at least you know that the publication process is ongoing. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://release.debian.org/proposed-updates/stable.html\" />"
msgid "Sometimes the fixed package isn't available in this section yet because it is pending a validation by the Stable Release Managers. You can verify if that is the case on their web page. Packages listed there aren't available yet, but at least you know that the publication process is ongoing. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://release.debian.org/proposed-updates/stable.html\" />"
msgstr "A volte il pacchetto corretto non è ancora disponibile in questa sezione perché è in attesa di una validazione da parte degli Stable Release Manager. Si può verificare se questo è il caso sulla loro pagina web. I pacchetti elencati in quella pagina non sono ancora disponibili, ma almeno si sa che il processo di pubblicazione è in corso. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://release.debian.org/proposed-updates/stable.html\" />"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Handling Problems after an Upgrade"
msgid "Cleaning Up after an Upgrade"
msgstr "Gestire i problemi dopo un aggiornamento"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>seal</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>upgrade</primary><secondary>cleaning</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sigillo</secondary>"

msgid "APT usually ensures a clean upgrade, pulling in new and updated dependencies, or removing conflicting packages. But even being such a great tool, it cannot cover all tasks users and administrators will face after an upgrade, because they require a human decision."
msgstr ""

msgid "Packages removed from the Debian Archive"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><command>apt show</command></primary>"
msgid "<primary><command>apt-show-versions</command></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><command>apt show</command></primary>"

msgid "Sometimes the Debian FTP Masters remove packages from the Debian archive, because they contain release critical bugs, were abandoned by their upstream author or their package maintainer, or simply reached their end of life. In this case a newer Debian release does not ship the package anymore. To find all packages, which do not have a package source, use the <command>apt-show-versions</command> command:"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"
msgid "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>apt-show-versions | grep \"No available version\"</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt --reinstall install postfix</userinput>"

msgid "A similar result can be achieved by <command>aptitude search ~o</command>. If the packages found are not required anymore, they should be purged from the system, because they will not face any updates for critical or security related bugs anymore."
msgstr ""

msgid "Dummy and Transitional Packages"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>removal of a package</primary>"
msgid "<primary>dummy package</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>rimozione di un pacchetto</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>removal of a package</primary>"
msgid "<primary>transitional package</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>rimozione di un pacchetto</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>seal</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>transitional</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sigillo</secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>seal</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>dummy</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sigillo</secondary>"

msgid "Sometimes, it might be necessary for a package to get a new name. In this case often the old package is kept as an (almost) empty package, depending on the new one and installing only the mandatory files in <filename>/usr/share/doc/<replaceable>package</replaceable>/</filename>. Such packages are called \"dummy\" or \"transitional\" packages. If the package maintainer in charge also changed the section of this package to <literal>oldlibs</literal>, then tools like <command>aptitude</command>, <command>deboprhan</command>, or <command>debfoster</command> (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.deborphan-debfoster\" />) can pickup these packages to suggest their removal."
msgstr ""

msgid "Unfortunately there is currently no foolproof way of making sure that these packages are automatically removed or picked by the tools mentioned above. One way to check if the system still has some of these packages installed, is to look through the package descriptions of installed packages and then check the results. Be careful not to schedule the results for automatic removal, because this method can lead to false positives:"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg --get-selections &gt;pkg-list</userinput>"
msgid "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -l | grep ^ii | grep -i -E \"(transition|dummy)\"</userinput>"
msgstr "<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg --get-selections &gt;pkg-list</userinput>"

msgid "Because the new package is pulled in as a dependency of the transitional package, it is usually marked as automatically installed and might be scheduled for removal if you try to purge the transitional package from your system. In this case you can use either of the approaches described in sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-install-and-remove\" /> and <xref linkend=\"sect.automatic-tracking\" /> to selectively remove the transitional package."
msgstr ""

msgid "Old or Unused Configuration Files"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>configuration files</primary><secondary><filename>.dpkg-dist</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>configuration files</primary><secondary><filename>.dpkg-old</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>configuration files</primary><secondary><filename>.ucf-old</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>contrib</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>configuration files</primary><secondary><filename>.ucf-new</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>section</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"
msgid "<primary>configuration files</primary><secondary><filename>.ucf-dist</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>sezione</primary><secondary><literal>main</literal></secondary>"

msgid "If the upgrade was successful there might be some configuration file cruft, either from dpkg (see <xref linkend=\"sect.conffiles\" />), ucf or from removed packages. The latter can be <link linkend=\"sidebar.purge\">purged</link> by using <command>apt autoremove --purge</command>. The configuration files, that were handled by <emphasis role=\"pkg\">dpkg</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"pkg\">ucf</emphasis> during the upgrade process, have left some counterparts with a dedicated suffix (e.g. <filename>.dpkg-dist</filename>, <filename>.dpkg-old</filename>, <filename>.ucf-old</filename>). Using the <command>find</command> or <command>locate</command> command can help to track them down. If they are no longer of any use, they can be deleted."
msgstr ""

msgid "Files not owned by any Package"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis></primary>"
msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">cruft</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">approx</emphasis></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher-ng</emphasis></primary>"
msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">cruft-ng</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-cacher-ng</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "The Debian policy enforces that packages don't leave files behind when they are purged. Violating this principle is a serious bug and you will rarely encounter it. If you do, report it; and if you are curious though, you can use the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">cruft</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"pkg\">cruft-ng</emphasis> package to check your system for files not owned by any package."
msgstr ""

msgid "Keeping a System Up to Date"
msgstr "Mantenere un sistema sempre aggiornato"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The Debian distribution is dynamic and changes continually. Most of the changes are in the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> versions, but even <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> is updated from time to time, mostly for security-related fixes. Whatever version of Debian a system runs, it is generally a good idea to keep it up to date, so that you can get the benefit of recent evolutions and bug fixes."
msgid "The Debian distribution is dynamic and changes continually. Most of the changes are in the <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis> versions, but even <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> is updated from time to time, mostly for security-related fixes. Whatever version of Debian a system runs, it is generally a good idea to keep it up to date, so that you can get the benefit of recent evolution and bug fixes."
msgstr "La distribuzione Debian è dinamica e cambia continuamente. La maggior parte dei cambiamenti sono nelle versioni <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Unstable</emphasis>, ma anche <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis> viene aggiornata di tanto in tanto, per lo più per correzioni relative alla sicurezza. Qualunque sia la versione scelta di Debian, è generalmente una buona idea tenerla aggiornata, in modo da poter trarre beneficio delle recenti evoluzioni e correzioni di bug."

msgid "While it is of course possible to periodically run a tool to check for available updates and run the upgrades, such a repetitive task is tedious, especially when it needs to be performed on several machines. Fortunately, like many repetitive tasks, it can be partly automated, and a set of tools have already been developed to that effect."
msgstr "Sebbene sia ovviamente possibile eseguire periodicamente uno strumento per controllare gli aggiornamenti disponibili ed eseguire gli aggiornamenti, tale compito ripetitivo è noioso, soprattutto quando deve essere eseguito su diverse macchine. Fortunatamente, come molte attività ripetitive, può essere in parte automatizzato, e una serie di strumenti sono già stati sviluppati in tal senso."

msgid "The first of these tools is <command>apticron</command>, in the package of the same name. Its main effect is to run a script daily (via <command>cron</command>). The script updates the list of available packages, and, if some installed packages are not in the latest available version, it sends an email with a list of these packages along with the changes that have been made in the new versions. Obviously, this package mostly targets users of Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, since the daily emails would be very long for the faster paced versions of Debian. When updates are available, <command>apticron</command> automatically downloads them. It does not install them — the administrator will still do it — but having the packages already downloaded and available locally (in APT's cache) makes the job faster."
msgstr "Il primo di questi strumenti è <command>apticron</command>, nel pacchetto omonimo. Il suo effetto principale è quello di eseguire quotidianamente uno script (via <command>cron</command>). Gli script aggiornano la lista dei pacchetti disponibili, e, se alcuni pacchetti installati non sono aggiornati all'ultima versione disponibile, invia un'e-mail con un elenco di questi pacchetti con i cambiamenti che sono stati fatti nelle nuove versioni. Ovviamente, questo pacchetto si rivolge principalmente agli utenti di Debian <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Stable</emphasis>, dal momento che i messaggi di posta elettronica giornalieri sarebbero molto lunghi per le versioni più dinamiche di Debian. Quando gli aggiornamenti sono disponibili, <command>apticron</command> li scarica automaticamente. Non li installa: sarà sempre l'amministratore a farlo, ma avere i pacchetti già scaricati e disponibili a livello locale (nella cache di APT), rende il lavoro più veloce."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Administrators in charge of several computers will no doubt appreciate being informed of pending upgrades, but the upgrades themselves are still as tedious as they used to be, which is where the <filename>/etc/cron.daily/apt</filename> script (in the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis> package) comes in handy. This script is also run daily (and non-interactively) by <command>cron</command>. To control its behavior, use APT configuration variables (which are therefore stored in a file under <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename>). The main variables are:"
msgid "Administrators in charge of several computers will no doubt appreciate being informed of pending upgrades, but the upgrades themselves are still as tedious as they used to be. Periodic upgrades can be enabled: it uses a <command>systemd</command> timer unit or <command>cron</command>. If <emphasis role=\"pkg\">systemd</emphasis> is not installed, the <filename>/etc/cron.daily/apt-compat</filename> script (in the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis> package) comes in handy. This script is run daily (and non-interactively) by <command>cron</command>. To control the behavior, use APT configuration variables (which are therefore stored in a file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic</filename>). The main variables are:"
msgstr "Gli amministratori responsabili di diversi computer apprezzeranno senza alcun dubbio di essere informati sugli aggiornamenti in sospeso, ma gli aggiornamenti stessi sono sempre fastidiosi, qui è dove viene in aiuto lo script <filename>/etc/cron.daily/apt</filename> (nel pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis>). Anche questo script viene eseguito tutti i giorni (e non interattivamente) da <command>cron</command>. Per controllare il suo comportamento, si usano le variabili di configurazione di APT (che vengono quindi memorizzate in un file sotto <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename>). Le variabili fondamentali sono:"

msgid "<indexterm><primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists</literal></secondary></indexterm> <literal>APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists</literal>"
msgstr ""

msgid "This option allows you to specify the frequency (in days) at which the package lists are refreshed. <command>apticron</command> users can do without this variable, since <command>apticron</command> already does this task."
msgstr "Questa opzione permette di specificare la frequenza (in giorni) con la quale verrà aggiornata la lista pacchetti. Gli utenti di <command>apticron</command> possono fare a meno di questa variabile, in quanto <command>apticron</command> si occupa già di questa funzione."

msgid "<indexterm><primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages</literal></secondary></indexterm> <literal>APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages</literal>"
msgstr ""

msgid "Again, this option indicates a frequency (in days), this time for the downloading of the actual packages. Again, <command>apticron</command> users won't need it."
msgstr "Ancora una volta, questa opzione indica la frequenza (in giorni), questa volta per lo scaricamento dei pacchetti veri e propri. Anche in questo caso, gli utenti di <command>apticron</command> non ne avranno bisogno."

msgid "<indexterm><primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval</literal></secondary></indexterm> <literal>APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval</literal>"
msgstr ""

msgid "This option covers a feature that <command>apticron</command> doesn't have. It controls how often obsolete packages (those not referenced by any distribution anymore) are removed from the APT cache. This keeps the APT cache at a reasonable size and means that you don't need to worry about that task."
msgstr "Questa opzione copre una funzione che <command>apticron</command> non ha. Controlla quanto spesso i pacchetti obsoleti (quelli a cui non fa più riferimento alcuna distribuzione) vengono rimossi dalla cache di APT. Ciò mantiene la cache di APT ad una dimensione ragionevole e significa che non ci si deve più preoccupare di questo lavoro."

msgid "<indexterm><primary>APT</primary><secondary><literal>APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade</literal></secondary></indexterm> <literal>APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade</literal>"
msgstr ""

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">unattended-upgrades</emphasis></primary>"
msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">unattended-upgrades</emphasis></primary><secondary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</filename></secondary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">unattended-upgrades</emphasis></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"
msgid "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</filename></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "When this option is enabled, the daily script will execute <command>unattended-upgrade</command> (from the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">unattended-upgrades</emphasis> package) which — as its name suggest — can automatize the upgrade process for some packages (by default it only takes care of security updates, but this can be customized in <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</filename>). Note that this option can be set with the help of debconf by running <command>dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades</command>."
msgid "When this option is enabled, the daily script will execute <command>unattended-upgrade</command> (from the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">unattended-upgrades</emphasis> package) which — as its name suggest — can automatize the upgrade process for some packages (by default it only takes care of security updates, but this can be customized in <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</filename>). Note that this option can be set with the help of debconf by running <command>dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades</command>. If <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-listbugs</emphasis> is installed it will prevent an automatic upgrade of packages which are affected by an already reported serious or grave bug."
msgstr "Quando questa opzione viene abilitata, lo script giornaliero esegue <command>unattended-upgrade</command> (dal pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">unattended-upgrades</emphasis>) che, come suggerisce il nome, può automatizzare il processo di aggiornamento per alcuni pacchetti (in modo predefinito si occupa solo degli aggiornamenti di sicurezza, ma questo può essere personalizzato in <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</filename>). Notare che questa opzione può essere impostata con l'aiuto di debconf, eseguendo <command>dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades</command>."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Other options can allow you to control the cache cleaning behavior with more precision. They are not listed here, but they are described in the <filename>/etc/cron.daily/apt</filename> script."
msgid "Other options can allow you to control the cache cleaning behavior with more precision. They are not listed here, but they are described in the <filename>/usr/lib/apt/apt.systemd.daily</filename> script."
msgstr "Altre opzioni possono consentire di controllare con più precisione il comportamento di pulizia della cache. Non sono elencate qui, ma sono descritte nello script <filename>/etc/cron.daily/apt</filename>."

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis></primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "These tools work very well for servers, but desktop users generally prefer a more interactive system. That is why the “Debian desktop environment” task installs <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis> (at least when you select GNOME as desktop environment). It provides an icon in the notification area of desktop environments when updates are available; clicking on this icon then runs <command>gpk-update-viewer</command>, a simplified interface to perform updates. You can browse through available updates, read the short description of the relevant packages and the corresponding <filename>changelog</filename> entries, and select whether to apply the update or not on a case-by-case basis."
msgid "These tools work very well for servers, but desktop users generally prefer a more interactive system. The package <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-software</emphasis> provides an icon in the notification area of desktop environments when updates are available; clicking on this icon then runs an interface to perform updates. You can browse through available updates, read the short description of the relevant packages and the corresponding <filename>changelog</filename> entries, and select whether to apply the update or not on a case-by-case basis."
msgstr "Questi strumenti funzionano molto bene per i server, ma gli utenti desktop in genere preferiscono un sistema più interattivo. Ecco perché l' \"ambiente desktop Debian\" ha il compito di installare <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis> (almeno quando si seleziona GNOME come ambiente desktop). Questo fornisce un'icona nell'area di notifica dell'ambiente desktop quando sono disponibili nuovi aggiornamenti; se si clicca sull'icona viene lanciato <command>gpk-update-viewer</command>, un'interfaccia semplificata per effettuare gli aggiornamenti. È possibile navigare fra gli aggiornamenti disponibili, leggere la descrizione breve dei pacchetti interessati e i corrispondenti <filename>changelog</filename>, e selezionare caso per caso se applicare o meno l'aggiornamento."

msgid "Upgrading with <command>gpk-update-viewer</command>"
msgstr "Aggiornare con <command>gpk-update-viewer</command>"

msgid "This tool is no longer installed in the default GNOME desktop. The new philosophy is that security updates should be automatically installed, either in the background or, preferably, when you shutdown your computer so as to not confuse any running application."
msgstr ""

msgid "Automatic Upgrades"
msgstr "Aggiornamenti automatici"

msgid "<primary>upgrade</primary><secondary>automatic system upgrade</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>aggiornamento</primary><secondary>aggiornamento automatico del sistema</secondary>"

msgid "<primary>automatic upgrade</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>automatico, aggiornamento</primary>"

msgid "Since Falcot Corp has many computers but only limited manpower, its administrators try to make upgrades as automatic as possible. The programs in charge of these processes must therefore run with no human intervention."
msgstr "Visto che Falcot Corp ha molti computer ma una manodopera limitata, i suoi amministrazioni cercano di rendere gli aggiornamenti il più automatici possibili. I programmi incaricati di tali processi devono perciò essere eseguiti senza intervento umano."

msgid "Configuring <command>dpkg</command>"
msgstr "Configurare <command>dpkg</command>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "As we have already mentioned (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.questions-conffiles\" />), <command>dpkg</command> can be instructed not to ask for confirmation when replacing a configuration file (with the <literal>--force-confdef --force-confold</literal> options). Interactions can, however, have three other sources: some come from APT itself, some are handled by <command>debconf</command>, and some happen on the command line due to package configuration scripts."
msgid "As we have already mentioned (see sidebar <xref linkend=\"sidebar.questions-conffiles\" />), <command>dpkg</command> can be instructed not to ask for confirmation when replacing a configuration file (with the <literal>--force-confdef --force-confold</literal> options). Interactions can, however, have three other sources: some come from APT itself, some are handled by <command>debconf</command>, and some happen on the command line due to package configuration scripts (sometimes handled by <emphasis role=\"pkg\">ucf</emphasis>)."
msgstr "Come è stato già detto (vedere il riquadro <xref linkend=\"sidebar.questions-conffiles\" />), <command>dpkg</command> può essere impostato per non chiedere conferma quando sostituisce un file di configurazione (con le opzioni <literal>--force-confdef --force-confold</literal>). Le interazioni, tuttavia, possono essere richieste da altre tre fonti: alcune vengono da APT stesso, altre sono gestite da <command>debconf</command>, e alcuni avvengono sulla riga di comando a causa di script di configurazione dei pacchetti."

msgid "Configuring APT"
msgstr "Configurare APT"

msgid "The case of APT is simple: the <literal>-y</literal> option (or <literal>--assume-yes</literal>) tells APT to consider the answer to all its questions to be “yes”."
msgstr "Nel caso di APT è semplice: l'opzione <literal>-y</literal> (o <literal>--assume-yes</literal>) dice ad APT di considerare la risposta a qualsiasi sua domanda un «sì»."

msgid "Configuring <command>debconf</command>"
msgstr "Configurare <command>debconf</command>"

msgid "The case of <command>debconf</command> deserves more details. This program was, from its inception, designed to control the relevance and volume of questions displayed to the user, as well as the way they are shown. That is why its configuration requests a minimal priority for questions; only questions above the minimal priority are displayed. <command>debconf</command> assumes the default answer (defined by the package maintainer) for questions which it decided to skip."
msgstr "Il caso di <command>debconf</command> merita ulteriori dettagli. Questo programma è stato, fin dal suo principio, progettato per controllare l'importanza e la quantità di domande mostrate all'utente, così come il modo in cui vengono visualizzate. Ecco perché la sua configurazione richiede una priorità minima per le domande; solo le domande con priorità superiore alla minima vengono visualizzate. <command>debconf</command> imposta la risposta predefinita (impostata dal manutentore del pacchetto) per le domande che si decide di saltare."

msgid "The other relevant configuration element is the interface used by the front-end. If you choose <literal>noninteractive</literal> out of the choices, all user interaction is disabled. If a package tries to display an informative note, it will be sent to the administrator by email."
msgstr "Un altro elemento di configurazione rilevante è l'interfaccia usata dal front-end. Se si seleziona <literal>noninteractive</literal> tra le scelte date, tutte le interazioni utente sono disabilitate. Se il pacchetto cerca di visualizzare una nota informativa, essa verrà inviata all'amministratore tramite email."

msgid "To reconfigure <command>debconf</command>, use the <command>dpkg-reconfigure</command> tool from the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">debconf</emphasis> package; the relevant command is <command>dpkg-reconfigure debconf</command>. Note that the configured values can be temporarily overridden with environment variables when needed (for instance, <varname>DEBIAN_FRONTEND</varname> controls the interface, as documented in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>debconf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> manual page)."
msgstr "Per riconfigurare <command>debconf</command>, si usa il programma <command>dpkg-reconfigure</command> nel pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">debconf</emphasis>; il relativo comando è <command>dpkg-reconfigure debconf</command>. Si noti che i valori configurati possono essere temporaneamente modificati con le variabili di ambiente quando necessario (ad esempio, <varname>DEBIAN_FRONTEND</varname> controlla l'interfaccia, come documentato nella pagina del manuale <citerefentry><refentrytitle>debconf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>)."

msgid "Handling Command Line Interactions"
msgstr "Gestire interazioni a riga di comando"

msgid "The last source of interactions, and the hardest to get rid of, is the configuration scripts run by <command>dpkg</command>. There is unfortunately no standard solution, and no answer is overwhelmingly better than another."
msgstr "L'ultima sorgente di interazioni, e la più difficile da eliminare, sono gli script di configurazione eseguiti da <command>dpkg</command>. Sfortunatamente non c'è una soluzione standard, e non c'è alcuna risposta nettamente migliore di un'altra."

msgid "The common approach is to suppress the standard input by redirecting the empty content of <filename>/dev/null</filename> into it with <command><replaceable>command</replaceable> &lt;/dev/null</command>, or to feed it with an endless stream of newlines. None of these methods is 100 % reliable, but they generally lead to the default answers being used, since most scripts consider a lack of reply as an acceptance of the default value."
msgstr "L'approccio comune è quello di sopprimere lo standard input reindirizzando il contenuto vuoto di <filename>/dev/null</filename> in esso con il comando <command><replaceable>comando</replaceable> &lt;/dev/null</command>, o di alimentarlo con un flusso infinito di nuove righe. Nessuno di questi metodi è affidabile al 100%, ma in genere portano all'uso delle risposte predefinite, dal momento che la maggior parte degli script considera la mancanza di una risposta come un'accettazione dei valori predefiniti."

msgid "The Miracle Combination"
msgstr "La combinazione miracolosa"

msgid "By combining the previous elements, it is possible to design a small but rather reliable script which can handle automatic upgrades."
msgstr "Combinando gli elementi precedenti, è possibile progettare un piccolo ma piuttosto affidabile script che può gestire gli aggiornamenti automatici."

msgid "Non-interactive upgrade script"
msgstr "Script di aggiornamento non interattivo"

msgid ""
"export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive\n"
"yes '' | apt-get -y -o DPkg::options::=\"--force-confdef\" -o DPkg::options::=\"--force-confold\" dist-upgrade"
msgstr ""
"export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive\n"
"yes '' | apt-get -y -o DPkg::options::=\"--force-confdef\" -o DPkg::options::=\"--force-confold\" dist-upgrade"

msgid "<emphasis>IN PRACTICE</emphasis> The Falcot Corp case"
msgstr "<emphasis>IN PRATICA</emphasis> Il caso della Falcot Corp"

msgid "Falcot computers are a heterogeneous system, with machines having various functions. Administrators will therefore pick the most relevant solution for each computer."
msgstr "I computer della Falcot sono un sistema eterogeneo, con macchine che hanno funzioni diverse. Gli amministratori sceglieranno la soluzione migliore per ogni computer."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "In practice, the servers running <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> are configured with the “miracle combination” above, and are kept up to date automatically. Only the most critical servers (the firewalls, for instances) are set up with <command>apticron</command>, so that upgrades always happen under the supervision of an administrator."
msgid "In practice, the servers running <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis> are configured with the “miracle combination” above, and are kept up to date automatically. Only the most critical servers (the firewalls, for instances) are set up with <command>apticron</command>, so that upgrades always happen under the supervision of an administrator."
msgstr "In pratica, i server che eseguono <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis> sono configurati con la «combinazione miracolosa» qui sopra, e sono mantenuti aggiornati automaticamente. Solo i server più critici (i firewall, per esempio) sono impostati con <command>apticron</command>, così che gli aggiornamenti avvengono solo sotto la supervisione di un amministratore."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "The office workstations in the administrative services also run <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis>, but they are equipped with <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis>, so that users trigger the upgrades themselves. The rationale for this decision is that if upgrades happen without an explicit action, the behavior of the computer might change unexpectedly, which could cause confusion for the main users."
msgid "The office workstations in the administrative services also run <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Buster</emphasis>, but they are equipped with <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis>, so that users trigger the upgrades themselves. The rationale for this decision is that if upgrades happen without an explicit action, the behavior of the computer might change unexpectedly, which could cause confusion for the main users."
msgstr "Le postazioni di lavoro negli uffici dei servizi amministrativi usano anch'esse <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Jessie</emphasis>, ma sono equipaggiate con <emphasis role=\"pkg\">gnome-packagekit</emphasis>, in modo che gli utenti attivino autonomamente gli aggiornamenti. La ragione di questa decisione è che se gli aggiornamenti avvenissero senza una specifica azione, il comportamento del computer potrebbe cambiare inaspettatamente, cosa che potrebbe causare confusione fra i principali utenti."

msgid "In the lab, the few computers using <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis> — to take advantage of the latest software versions — are not upgraded automatically either. Administrators only configure APT to prepare the upgrades but not enact them; when they decide to upgrade (manually), the tedious parts of refreshing package lists and downloading packages will be avoided, and administrators can focus on the really useful part."
msgstr "Nei laboratori, i pochi computer che usano <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Testing</emphasis>, per avere i vantaggi delle più recenti versioni del software, non sono neanch'essi aggiornati automaticamente. Gli amministratori configurano APT per preparare gli aggiornamenti ma non eseguirli; quando decidono di aggiornare (manualmente), la parte noiosa dell'aggiornamento della lista pacchetti e di scaricare i pacchetti verrà evitata, e gli amministratori possono concentrarsi sulla parte veramente utile."

msgid "Searching for Packages"
msgstr "Ricercare pacchetti"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>search</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>search package</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>ricerca</secondary>"

msgid "With the large and ever-growing amount of software in Debian, there emerges a paradox: Debian usually has a tool for most tasks, but that tool can be very difficult to find amongst the myriad other packages. The lack of appropriate ways to search for (and to find) the right tool has long been a problem. Fortunately, this problem has almost entirely been solved."
msgstr "Con la grande e sempre crescente quantità di software in Debian, emerge un paradosso: Debian solitamente ha uno strumento per la maggior parte delle necessità, ma quel programma può essere veramente difficile da trovare fra la miriade di altri pacchetti. La mancanza di una via appropriata per cercare (e trovare) il giusto programma è stata a lungo un problema. Per fortuna, questo problema è stato risolto quasi del tutto."

msgid "The most trivial search possible is looking up an exact package name. If <command>apt show <replaceable>package</replaceable></command> returns a result, then the package exists. Unfortunately, this requires knowing or even guessing the package name, which isn't always possible."
msgstr "La ricerca più banale possibile è la ricerca con il nome esatto di un pacchetto. Se <command>apt show <replaceable>pacchetto</replaceable></command> restituisce un risultato, allora quel pacchetto esiste. Sfortunatamente, questo richiede di conoscere o anche di indovinare il nome del pacchetto, e ciò non è sempre possibile."

msgid "<emphasis>TIP</emphasis> Package naming conventions"
msgstr "<emphasis>SUGGERIMENTO</emphasis> Convenzioni per i nomi dei pacchetti"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>installation</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>naming conventions</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>installazione</secondary>"

# upstream
msgid "Some categories of packages are named according to a conventional naming scheme; knowing the scheme can sometimes allow you to guess exact package names. For instance, for Perl modules, the convention says that a module called <literal>XML::Handler::Composer</literal> upstream should be packaged as <emphasis role=\"pkg\">libxml-handler-composer-perl</emphasis>. The library enabling the use of the <command>gconf</command> system from Python is packaged as <emphasis role=\"pkg\">python-gconf</emphasis>. It is unfortunately not possible to define a fully general naming scheme for all packages, even though package maintainers usually try to follow the choice of the upstream developers."
msgstr "Alcune categorie di pacchetti hanno nomi basati su uno schema di denominazione convenzionale, conoscendo il sistema ci si può permettere a volte di indovinare i nomi dei pacchetti esatti. Ad esempio, per i moduli Perl, la convenzione dice che un modulo chiamato <literal>XML::Handler::Composer</literal> dovrebbe essere contenuto in un pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">libxml-handler-composer-perl</emphasis>. La libreria che consente l'uso del sistema <command>gconf</command> da Python è contenuta in <emphasis role=\"pkg\">python-gconf</emphasis>. Non è possibile definire uno schema generico per tutti i pacchetti, anche se di solito i manutentori dei pacchetti cercano di seguire la scelta degli sviluppatori originali."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "A slightly more successful searching pattern is a plain-text search in package names, but it remains very limited. You can generally find results by searching package descriptions: since each package has a more or less detailed description in addition to its package name, a keyword search in these descriptions will often be useful. <command>apt-cache</command> and <command>axi-cache</command> are the tools of choice for this kind of search; for instance, <command>apt-cache search video</command> will return a list of all packages whose name or description contains the keyword “video”."
msgid "A slightly more successful searching pattern is a plain-text search in package names, but it remains very limited. You can generally find results by searching package descriptions: since each package has a more or less detailed description in addition to its package name, a keyword search in these descriptions will often be useful. <command>apt-cache</command> and <command>axi-cache</command> are the tools of choice for this kind of search (see <xref linkend=\"sidebar.apt-axi-cache\" />); for instance, <command>apt-cache search video</command> will return a list of all packages whose name or description contains the keyword “video”."
msgstr "Un modello di ricerca che ha un po' più successo è una ricerca di testo con testo semplice fra i nomi dei pacchetti, ma rimane molto limitato. In genere si possono trovare risultati cercando nelle descrizioni dei pacchetti: poiché ogni pacchetto ha una descrizione più o meno dettagliata, oltre al suo nome del pacchetto, una ricerca per parole chiave nelle descrizioni sarà spesso utile. <command>apt-cache</command> e <command>axi-cache</command> sono gli strumenti preferenziali per questo tipo di ricerca; per esempio, <command>apt-cache search video</command> restituirà un elenco di tutti i pacchetti il cui nome o descrizione contiene la parola «video»."

msgid "For more complex searches, a more powerful tool such as <command>aptitude</command> is required. <command>aptitude</command> allows you to search according to a logical expression based on the package's meta-data fields. For instance, the following command searches for packages whose name contains <literal>kino</literal>, whose description contains <literal>video</literal> and whose maintainer's name contains <literal>paul</literal>:"
msgstr "Per ricerche più complesse, è necessario uno strumento più potente come <command>aptitude</command>. <command>aptitude</command> permette di cercare usando un'espressione logica basata sui campi dei metadati dei pacchetti. Per esempio, il seguente comando cerca i pacchetti il cui nome contiene <literal>kino</literal>, la cui descrizione contiene <literal>video</literal> e il cui nome del manutentore contiene <literal>paul</literal>:"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "$ <userinput>aptitude search kino~dvideo~mpaul</userinput>\n"
#| "p   kino  - Non-linear editor for Digital Video data\n"
#| "$ <userinput>aptitude show kino</userinput>\n"
#| "Package: kino\n"
#| "State: not installed\n"
#| "Version: 1.3.4-2.1+b1\n"
#| "Priority: extra\n"
#| "Section: video\n"
#| "Maintainer: Paul Brossier &lt;piem@debian.org&gt;\n"
#| "Architecture: amd64\n"
#| "Uncompressed Size: 8,472 k\n"
#| "Depends: libasound2 (&gt;= 1.0.16), libatk1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.12.4), libavc1394-0 (&gt;=\n"
#| "         0.5.3), libavcodec56 (&gt;= 6:11~beta1) | libavcodec-extra-56 (&gt;=\n"
#| "         6:11~beta1), libavformat56 (&gt;= 6:11~beta1), libavutil54 (&gt;=\n"
#| "         6:11~beta1), libc6 (&gt;= 2.14), libcairo2 (&gt;= 1.2.4), libdv4,\n"
#| "         libfontconfig1 (&gt;= 2.11), libfreetype6 (&gt;= 2.2.1), libgcc1 (&gt;=\n"
#| "         1:4.1.1), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (&gt;= 2.22.0), libglade2-0 (&gt;= 1:2.6.4-2~),\n"
#| "         libglib2.0-0 (&gt;= 2.12.0), libgtk2.0-0 (&gt;= 2.24.0), libice6 (&gt;=\n"
#| "         1:1.0.0), libiec61883-0 (&gt;= 1.2.0), libpango-1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.14.0),\n"
#| "         libpangocairo-1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.14.0), libpangoft2-1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.14.0),\n"
#| "         libquicktime2 (&gt;= 2:1.2.2), libraw1394-11, libsamplerate0 (&gt;= 0.1.7),\n"
#| "         libsm6, libstdc++6 (&gt;= 4.9), libswscale3 (&gt;= 6:11~beta1), libx11-6,\n"
#| "         libxext6, libxml2 (&gt;= 2.7.4), libxv1, zlib1g (&gt;= 1:1.1.4)\n"
#| "Recommends: ffmpeg, curl\n"
#| "Suggests: udev | hotplug, vorbis-tools, sox, mjpegtools, lame, ffmpeg2theora\n"
#| "Conflicts: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
#| "Replaces: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
#| "Provides: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
#| "Description: Non-linear editor for Digital Video data\n"
#| " Kino allows you to record, create, edit, and play movies recorded with DV\n"
#| " camcorders. This program uses many keyboard commands for fast navigating and\n"
#| " editing inside the movie. \n"
#| " \n"
#| " The kino-timfx, kino-dvtitler and kinoplus sets of plugins, formerly\n"
#| " distributed as separate packages, are now provided with Kino.\n"
#| "Homepage: http://www.kinodv.org/\n"
#| "\n"
#| "Tags: field::arts, hardware::camera, implemented-in::c, implemented-in::c++,\n"
#| "      interface::x11, role::program, scope::application, suite::gnome,\n"
#| "      uitoolkit::gtk, use::editing, use::learning, works-with::video,\n"
#| "      x11::application"
msgid ""
"$ <userinput>aptitude search kino~dvideo~mpaul</userinput>\n"
"p   kino  - Non-linear editor for Digital Video data\n"
"$ <userinput>aptitude show kino</userinput>\n"
"<![CDATA[Package: kino                            \n"
"Version: 1.3.4+dfsg0-1\n"
"State: not installed\n"
"Priority: optional\n"
"Section: video\n"
"Maintainer: Paul Brossier <piem@debian.org>\n"
"Architecture: amd64\n"
"Uncompressed Size: 8,304 k\n"
"Depends: libasound2 (>= 1.0.16), libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.12.4), libavc1394-0 (>= 0.5.3), libavcodec58 (>=\n"
"         7:4.0) | libavcodec-extra58 (>= 7:4.0), libavformat58 (>= 7:4.0), libavutil56 (>= 7:4.0),\n"
"         libc6 (>= 2.14), libcairo2 (>= 1.2.4), libdv4 (>= 1.0.0), libfontconfig1 (>= 2.12.6),\n"
"         libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:3.0), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (>= 2.22.0), libglade2-0\n"
"         (>= 1:2.6.4-2~), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.16.0), libgtk2.0-0 (>= 2.24.32), libice6 (>= 1:1.0.0),\n"
"         libiec61883-0 (>= 1.2.0), libpango-1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0), libpangocairo-1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0),\n"
"         libpangoft2-1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0), libquicktime2 (>= 2:1.2.2), libraw1394-11, libsamplerate0\n"
"         (>= 0.1.7), libsm6, libstdc++6 (>= 5.2), libswscale5 (>= 7:4.0), libx11-6, libxext6,\n"
"         libxml2 (>= 2.7.4), libxv1, zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)\n"
"Recommends: ffmpeg, curl\n"
"Suggests: udev | hotplug, vorbis-tools, sox, mjpegtools, lame, ffmpeg2theora\n"
"Conflicts: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
"Replaces: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
"Provides: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
"Description: Non-linear editor for Digital Video data\n"
" Kino allows you to record, create, edit, and play movies recorded with DV camcorders. This program\n"
" uses many keyboard commands for fast navigating and editing inside the movie.\n"
"\n"
" The kino-timfx, kino-dvtitler and kinoplus sets of plugins, formerly distributed as separate\n"
" packages, are now provided with Kino.\n"
"Homepage: http://www.kinodv.org/\n"
"Tags: field::arts, hardware::camera, implemented-in::c, implemented-in::c++, interface::graphical,\n"
"      interface::x11, role::program, scope::application, suite::gnome, uitoolkit::gtk,\n"
"      use::editing, use::learning, works-with::video, x11::application\n"
"]]>"
msgstr ""
"$ <userinput>aptitude search kino~dvideo~mpaul</userinput>\n"
"p   kino  - Non-linear editor for Digital Video data\n"
"$ <userinput>aptitude show kino</userinput>\n"
"Pacchetto: kino\n"
"Stato: non installato\n"
"Versione: 1.3.4-2.1+b1\n"
"Priorità: extra\n"
"Sezione: video\n"
"Responsabile: Paul Brossier &lt;piem@debian.org&gt;\n"
"Architecture: amd64\n"
"Dimensione pacchetto installato: 8,472 k\n"
"Dipende: libasound2 (&gt;= 1.0.16), libatk1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.12.4), libavc1394-0 (&gt;=\n"
"         0.5.3), libavcodec56 (&gt;= 6:11~beta1) | libavcodec-extra-56 (&gt;=\n"
"         6:11~beta1), libavformat56 (&gt;= 6:11~beta1), libavutil54 (&gt;=\n"
"         6:11~beta1), libc6 (&gt;= 2.14), libcairo2 (&gt;= 1.2.4), libdv4,\n"
"         libfontconfig1 (&gt;= 2.11), libfreetype6 (&gt;= 2.2.1), libgcc1 (&gt;=\n"
"         1:4.1.1), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (&gt;= 2.22.0), libglade2-0 (&gt;= 1:2.6.4-2~),\n"
"         libglib2.0-0 (&gt;= 2.12.0), libgtk2.0-0 (&gt;= 2.24.0), libice6 (&gt;=\n"
"         1:1.0.0), libiec61883-0 (&gt;= 1.2.0), libpango-1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.14.0),\n"
"         libpangocairo-1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.14.0), libpangoft2-1.0-0 (&gt;= 1.14.0),\n"
"         libquicktime2 (&gt;= 2:1.2.2), libraw1394-11, libsamplerate0 (&gt;= 0.1.7),\n"
"         libsm6, libstdc++6 (&gt;= 4.9), libswscale3 (&gt;= 6:11~beta1), libx11-6,\n"
"         libxext6, libxml2 (&gt;= 2.7.4), libxv1, zlib1g (&gt;= 1:1.1.4)\n"
"Raccomanda: ffmpeg, curl\n"
"Consiglia: udev | hotplug, vorbis-tools, sox, mjpegtools, lame, ffmpeg2theora\n"
"Va in conflitto: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
"Sostituisce: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
"Fornisce: kino-dvtitler, kino-timfx, kinoplus\n"
"Descrizione: Editor non lineare per i dati Digital Video\n"
" Kino consente di registrare, creare, modificare e riprodurre video registrati con videocamere\n"
" DV. Questo programma utilizza diversi comandi da tastiera per una navigazione e una modifica dei\n"
" filmati più veloce. \n"
" \n"
" I plug-in kino-timfx, kino-dvtitler e kinoplus, una volta distribuiti come un pacchetto\n"
" separato, sono ora inclusi in Kino.\n"
"Homepage: http://www.kinodv.org/\n"
"\n"
"Etichette: field::arts, hardware::camera, implemented-in::c, implemented-in::c++,\n"
"      interface::x11, role::program, scope::application, suite::gnome,\n"
"      uitoolkit::gtk, use::editing, use::learning, works-with::video,\n"
"      x11::application"

msgid "The search only returns one package, <emphasis role=\"pkg\">kino</emphasis>, which satisfies all three criteria."
msgstr "Il risultato mostra solo un pacchetto, <emphasis role=\"pkg\">kino</emphasis>, che soddisfa tutti e tre i criteri."

msgid "Even these multi-criteria searches are rather unwieldy, which explains why they are not used as much as they could. A new tagging system has therefore been developed, and it provides a new approach to searching. Packages are given tags that provide a thematical classification along several strands, known as a “facet-based classification”. In the case of <emphasis role=\"pkg\">kino</emphasis> above, the package's tags indicate that Kino is a Gnome-based software that works on video data and whose main purpose is editing."
msgstr "Anche queste ricerche con più criteri sono poco maneggevoli, il che spiega il motivo per cui non sono usate quanto potrebbero. È stato perciò sviluppato un nuovo sistema di etichettatura, e fornisce un nuovo approccio alla ricerca. Ai pacchetti sono assegnate delle etichette che forniscono una classificazione tematica su varie aree, nota come «classificazione basata su faccette». Nel caso di <emphasis role=\"pkg\">kino</emphasis> qui sopra, le etichette del pacchetto («tag») indicano che Kino è un software basato su Gnome che funziona sui dati video e il cui scopo principale è la modifica."

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Browsing this classification can help you to search for a package which corresponds to known needs; even if it returns a (moderate) number of hits, the rest of the search can be done manually. To do that, you can use the <literal>~G</literal> search pattern in <command>aptitude</command>, but it is probably easier to simply navigate the site where tags are managed: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://debtags.alioth.debian.org/cloud/\" />"
msgid "Browsing this classification can help you to search for a package which corresponds to known needs; even if it returns a (moderate) number of hits, the rest of the search can be done manually. To do that, you can use the <literal>~G</literal> search pattern in <command>aptitude</command>, but it is probably easier to simply navigate the site where tags are managed: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"https://debtags.debian.org/\" />"
msgstr "Navigare nella classificazione può aiutare a cercare un pacchetto che corrisponde a delle necessità note; anche se restituisce un (moderato) numero di risultati, il resto della ricerca può essere fatto manualmente. Per fare questo, si può usare il modello di ricerca <literal>~G</literal> in <command>aptitude</command>, ma è probabilmente più facile navigare semplicemente il sito dove sono gestite le etichette: <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://debtags.alioth.debian.org/cloud/\" />"

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">debtags</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">debtags</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "<primary>tag</primary>"
msgstr "<primary>etichetta</primary>"

#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>seal</secondary>"
msgid "<primary>package</primary><secondary>tags</secondary>"
msgstr "<primary>pacchetto</primary><secondary>sigillo</secondary>"

msgid "Selecting the <literal>works-with::video</literal> and <literal>use::editing</literal> tags yields a handful of packages, including the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">kino</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"pkg\">pitivi</emphasis> video editors. This system of classification is bound to be used more and more as time goes on, and package managers will gradually provide efficient search interfaces based on it."
msgstr "Se si selezionano le etichette <literal>works-with::video</literal> e <literal>use::editing</literal>, si ottengono una manciata di pacchetti, inclusi gli editor video <emphasis role=\"pkg\">kino</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"pkg\">pitivi</emphasis>. Questo sistema di classificazione è destinato ad essere usato sempre di più col passare del tempo, e i gestori dei pacchetti forniranno gradualmente interfacce di ricerca efficienti basate su di esso."

msgid "To sum up, the best tool for the job depends on the complexity of the search that you wish to do:"
msgstr "Per riassumere, il migliore strumento per il lavoro dipende dalla complessità della ricerca che si desidera fare:"

msgid "<command>apt-cache</command> only allows searching in package names and descriptions, which is very convenient when looking for a particular package that matches a few target keywords;"
msgstr "<command>apt-cache</command> permette solo la ricerca nei nomi e nelle descrizioni dei pacchetti, che è molto comodo quando si cerca un particolare pacchetto che corrisponde ad alcune parole chiave;"

msgid "when the search criteria also include relationships between packages or other meta-data such as the name of the maintainer, <command>synaptic</command> will be more useful;"
msgstr "quando i criteri di ricerca includono anche relazioni tra i pacchetti o altri metadati come il nome del manutentore, sarà più utile <command>synaptic</command>;"

msgid "when a tag-based search is needed, a good tool is <command>packagesearch</command>, a graphical interface dedicated to searching available packages along several criteria (including the names of the files that they contain). For usage on the command-line, <command>axi-cache</command> will fit the bill."
msgstr "quando è necessaria una ricerca basata su etichette, un buon strumento è <command>packagesearch</command>, un'interfaccia grafica dedicata alla ricerca dei pacchetti disponibili secondo diversi criteri (tra cui i nomi dei file in essi contenuti). Per l'uso dalla riga di comando, <command>axi-cache</command> sarà adatto allo scopo."

msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">packagesearch</emphasis></primary>"
msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">packagesearch</emphasis></primary>"

msgid "finally, when the searches involve complex expressions with logic operations, the tool of choice will be <command>aptitude</command>'s search pattern syntax, which is quite powerful despite being somewhat obscure; it works in both the command-line and the interactive modes."
msgstr "infine, quando le ricerche comportano espressioni complesse con operazioni logiche, lo strumento da scegliere sarà la sintassi per i modelli di ricerca di <command>aptitude</command>, che è piuttosto potente nonostante sia un po' oscura; funziona sia a riga di comando sia in modo interattivo."

#~ msgid "Each active line of the <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains the description of a source, made of 3 parts separated by spaces."
#~ msgstr "Ogni riga attiva del file <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> contiene la descrizione di una sorgente, formata di 3 parti separate da spazi."

#~ msgid "In practice, this repository is a subset of the <literal>proposed-updates</literal> repository, carefully selected by the Stable Release Managers."
#~ msgstr "In pratica questo repository è un sottoinsieme del repository <literal>proposed-updates</literal>, accuratamente selezionato dai Stable Release Manager."

#~ msgid "The <literal>stable-backports</literal> repository is now available on the usual Debian mirrors. But backports for <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Squeeze</emphasis> are still hosted on a dedicated server (<literal>backports.debian.org</literal>), and requires the following <filename>sources.list</filename> entry:"
#~ msgstr "Il repository <literal>stable-backports</literal> è ora disponibile sui consueti mirror Debian. I backport per <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Squeeze</emphasis> però sono ancora ospitati su un server dedicato <literal>backports.debian.org</literal>) e richiedono la seguente voce in <filename>sources.list</filename>:"

#~ msgid "deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main contrib non-free"
#~ msgstr "deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main contrib non-free"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "# <userinput>apt install <replaceable>package1</replaceable> <replaceable>package2-</replaceable></userinput>\n"
#~ "[...]\n"
#~ "# <userinput>apt remove <replaceable>package1+</replaceable> <replaceable>package2</replaceable></userinput>\n"
#~ "[...]"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "# <userinput>apt install <replaceable>pacchetto1</replaceable> <replaceable>pacchetto2-</replaceable></userinput>\n"
#~ "[...]\n"
#~ "# <userinput>apt remove <replaceable>pacchetto1+</replaceable> <replaceable>pacchetto2</replaceable></userinput>\n"
#~ "[...]"

#~ msgid "In more concrete terms, a package whose priority is less than 0 will never be installed. A package with a priority ranging between 0 and 100 will only be installed if no other version of the package is already installed. With a priority between 100 and 500, the package will only be installed if there is no other newer version installed or available in another distribution. A package of priority between 501 and 990 will only be installed if there is no newer version installed or available in the target distribution. With a priority between 990 and 1000, the package will be installed except if the installed version is newer. A priority greater than 1000 will always lead to the installation of the package even if it forces APT to downgrade to an older version."
#~ msgstr "Più in concreto, non sarà mai installato un pacchetto la cui priorità è minore di 0. Un pacchetto con priorità compresa tra 0 e 100 verrà installato solo se nessun'altra versione del pacchetto è già installata. Con una priorità da 100 a 500, il pacchetto sarà installato solo se non c'è un'altra versione più recente installata o disponibile in un'altra distribuzione. Un pacchetto con priorità fra 501 e 990 verrà installato solo se non ci sono nuove versioni installate o disponibili nella distribuzione di riferimento. Con una priorità da 990 a 1000, il pacchetto verrà installato a meno che la versione installata non è più recente. Una priorità superiore a 1000 porterà sempre all'installazione del pacchetto anche se costringe APT a retrocedere ad una versione precedente."

#~ msgid "To add the key to the trusted keyring, the administrator can run <command>apt-key add &lt; key.asc</command>. Another way is to use the <command>synaptic</command> graphical interface: its “Authentication” tab in the <menuchoice><guimenu>Settings</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Repositories</guisubmenu></menuchoice> menu gives the possibility of importing a key from the <filename>key.asc</filename> file."
#~ msgstr "Per aggiungere la chiave al portafoglio fidato, l'amministratore può lanciare <command>apt-key add &lt; key.asc</command>. Un altro modo è di usare l'interfaccia grafica <command>synaptic</command>: la sua scheda «Autenticazione» nel menu <menuchoice><guimenu>Impostazioni</guimenu> <guisubmenu>Repository</guisubmenu></menuchoice> dà la possibilità di importare una chiave dal file <filename>key.asc</filename>."

#~ msgid "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">gui-apt-key</emphasis></primary>"
#~ msgstr "<primary><emphasis role=\"pkg\">gui-apt-key</emphasis></primary>"

#~ msgid "For people who would want a dedicated application and more details on the trusted keys, it is possible to use <command>gui-apt-key</command> (in the package of the same name), a small graphical user interface which manages the trusted keyring."
#~ msgstr "Per chi vorrebbe un'applicazione dedicata e più dettagli sulle chiavi fidate, è possibile usare <command>gui-apt-key</command> (nel pacchetto omonimo), una piccola interfaccia utente grafica che gestisce il portachiavi fidato."

#~ msgid "<literal>APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists</literal>"
#~ msgstr "<literal>APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists</literal>"

#~ msgid "<literal>APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages</literal>"
#~ msgstr "<literal>APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages</literal>"

#~ msgid "<literal>APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval</literal>"
#~ msgstr "<literal>APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval</literal>"

#~ msgid "<literal>APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade</literal>"
#~ msgstr "<literal>APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade</literal>"

#~ msgid "<emphasis>QUICK LOOK</emphasis> <command>apt-spy</command>"
#~ msgstr "<emphasis>APPROFONDIMENTI</emphasis> <command>apt-spy</command>"

#~ msgid "<primary><command>apt-spy</command></primary>"
#~ msgstr "<primary><command>apt-spy</command></primary>"

#~ msgid "This software tests the download speed from several Debian mirrors and generates a <filename>sources.list</filename> file which points to the fastest mirror."
#~ msgstr "Questo programma testa la velocità di download da diversi mirror Debian e genera un <filename>sources.list</filename> che punta al mirror più veloce."

#~ msgid "The mirror selected during installation is generally suitable since its selection is based on the country. However, if the download is a little slow, or after a move, you can try running the application available in the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-spy</emphasis> package."
#~ msgstr "Il mirror selezionato durante l'installazione è generalmente adatto poiché selezionato in base al paese. Tuttavia, se lo scaricamento fosse un po' lento, o dopo un trasloco, è possibile provare a lanciare l'applicazione disponibile nel pacchetto <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt-spy</emphasis>."

#~ msgid "<primary><literal>apt-get.org</literal></primary>"
#~ msgstr "<primary><literal>apt-get.org</literal></primary>"

#~ msgid "<command>aptitude full-upgrade</command> is <command>aptitude</command>'s corresponding command although <command>dist-upgrade</command> is also recognized (but deprecated)."
#~ msgstr "<command>aptitude full-upgrade</command> è il comando corrispondente di <command>aptitude</command> anche se <command>dist-upgrade</command> è comunque riconosciuto (ma deprecato)."

#~ msgid "There are numerous non-official sources of Debian packages set up by advanced users who have recompiled some software, by programmers who make their creation available to all, and even by Debian developers who offer pre-versions of their package online. A web site was set up to find these alternative sources more easily. It contains an impressive amount of Debian package sources which can immediately be integrated into <filename>sources.list</filename> files. However, be careful not to add random packages. Each source is designed for a particular version of Debian (the one used to compile the packages in question); each user should maintain a certain coherence in what they choose to install. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://www.apt-get.org/\" />"
#~ msgstr "Ci sono numerose fonti non ufficiali per i pacchetti Debian create da utenti esperti che hanno ricompilato alcuni software, da programmatori che rendono disponibili a tutti le proprie creazioni, e anche dagli sviluppatori Debian che offrono pre-versioni dei loro pacchetti online. È stato creato un sito web per ricercare queste fonti alternative più facilmente. Contiene una quantità impressionante di fonti di pacchetti Debian che possono essere integrate immediatamente nel file <filename>sources.list</filename>. Tuttavia, bisogna prestare attenzione a non aggiungere pacchetti in modo casuale. Ogni fonte è progettata per una particolare versione di Debian (quella usata per compilare i pacchetti in questione); ciascun utente dovrebbe mantenere una certa coerenza in quello che sceglie di installare. <ulink type=\"block\" url=\"http://www.apt-get.org/\" />"

#~ msgid "The syntax of the last field depends on whether the source corresponds to a Debian mirror or not. In the case of a Debian mirror, name the chosen distribution (<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, <literal>unstable</literal> or their current code names — see the list in sidebar <xref linkend=\"cadre.bruce-perens\" />), then the sections to enable (chosen between <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal>, and <literal>non-free</literal>). In all other cases, simply indicate the subdirectory of the desired source (this is often a simple “<filename>./</filename>” which refers to the absence of a subdirectory — the packages are then directly at the specified URL)."
#~ msgstr "La sintassi dell'ultimo campo dipende dal fatto che la sorgente corrisponda o meno ad un mirror Debian. Nel caso di un mirror Debian, viene indicato il nome della distribuzione scelta (<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, <literal>unstable</literal> o il loro nome in codice attuale, vedere l'elenco nel riquadro <xref linkend=\"cadre.bruce-perens\" />), successivamente le sezioni da abilitare (scelte tra <literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal> e <literal>non-free</literal>). In tutti gli altri casi, viene indicata semplicemente la sottodirectory della sorgente desiderata (spesso semplicemente \"<filename>./</filename>\" che indica l'assenza di una sottodirectory: i pacchetti si trovano direttamente all'URL specificato)."

#~ msgid "<primary><foreignphrase>main</foreignphrase>, section</primary>"
#~ msgstr "<primary><foreignphrase>main</foreignphrase>, sezione</primary>"

#~ msgid "<primary><foreignphrase>contrib</foreignphrase>, section</primary>"
#~ msgstr "<primary><foreignphrase>contrib</foreignphrase>, sezione</primary>"

#~ msgid "Generally, the contents of a standard <filename>sources.list</filename> file can be the following:"
#~ msgstr "Generalmente, il contenuto standard del file <filename>sources.list</filename> è il seguente:"

#~ msgid "Other Available Official Repositories"
#~ msgstr "Altri repository ufficiali disponibili"

#~ msgid "Once ready, the most important updates — those which cannot wait for the next minor Debian release — are published in the <literal>stable-updates</literal> repository (which most systems are expected to use):"
#~ msgstr "Una volta pronti, gli aggiornamenti più importanti, quelli che non possono aspettare il prossimo rilascio minore di Debian, sono pubblicati nel repository <literal>stable-updates</literal> (che ci si aspetta sia usato dalla maggior parte dei sistemi):"

#~ msgid "The Backports From <literal>backports.debian.org</literal>"
#~ msgstr "I backport di <literal>backports.debian.org</literal>"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg --set-selections &lt;pkg-list</userinput>\n"
#~ "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt-get dselect-upgrade</userinput>\n"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg --set-selections &lt;pkg-list</userinput>\n"
#~ "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt-get dselect-upgrade</userinput>\n"

#~ msgid "One of the essential functionalities of <command>aptitude</command> (which has also been integrated to <command>apt-get</command> since <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Lenny</emphasis>) is the tracking of packages installed only through dependencies. These packages are called “automatic” and are tagged with an “A” in the list of packages — they often include libraries for instance. When a package is removed, the corresponding automatic packages are also selected for removal unless another “manually installed” package depends on them. It is possible to mark a package as automatic (with <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Shift</keycap> <keycap>m</keycap></keycombo>) or to remove the mark (<keycombo><keycap>m</keycap></keycombo> key). When maintaining a system with <command>aptitude</command>, it is a good habit to mark as automatic any package that you don't need directly so that they are automatically removed when they aren't necessary anymore. You can either navigate the list of installed packages and play with <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Shift</keycap> <keycap>m</keycap></keycombo>, or apply the flag to entire sections (for example the <literal>libs</literal> section). This habit can help you to keep your system tidy and offers a simple way to visualize the packages in use on a machine, without all the libraries and dependencies that you don't really care about. The related pattern that can be used with <keycombo><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo> (to activate the filter mode) is <literal>~i!~M</literal>. It specifies that you only want to see installed packages (<literal>~i</literal>) not marked as automatic (<literal>!~M</literal>)."
#~ msgstr "Una delle funzionalità essenziali di <command>aptitude</command> (che è stata integrata anche in <command>apt-get</command> a partire da <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Lenny</emphasis>) è il tracciamento dei pacchetti installati solo attraverso dipendenze. Questi pacchetti sono chiamati \"automatici\" e sono contrassegnati con una \"A\" nella lista dei pacchetti: spesso includono per esempio librerie. Quando un pacchetto è rimosso, i corrispondenti pacchetti automatici vengono selezionati per la rimozione a meno che un altro pacchetto \"installato manualmente\" non dipenda da loro. È possibile contrassegnare un pacchetto come automatico (con <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Maiusc</keycap> <keycap>m</keycap></keycombo>) o rimuovere il contrassegno (tasto <keycombo><keycap>m</keycap></keycombo>). Quando si mantiene il sistema con <command>aptitude</command>, è buona abitudine contrassegnare come automatico ogni pacchetto che non serve direttamente così che venga rimosso quando diventa non più necessario. È possibile scorrere la lista dei pacchetti installati e giocare con <keycombo action=\"simul\"><keycap>Maiusc</keycap> <keycap>m</keycap></keycombo>, o applicare il contrassegno ad intere sezioni (per esempio la sezione <literal>libs</literal>). Questa abitudine può aiutare a mantenere il sistema pulito e offre un modo semplice per visualizzare i pacchetti in uso sulla macchina, senza tutte le librerie e dipendenze che non interessano realmente. Il modello relativo che può essere usato con <keycombo><keycap>l</keycap></keycombo> (per attivare la modalità filtro) è <literal>~i!~M</literal>. Ciò specifica che si desidera visualizzare solo i pacchetti installati (<literal>~i</literal>) non contrassegnati come automatici (<literal>!~M</literal>)."

#~ msgid "<emphasis>WORTH FOLLOWING</emphasis> Recent evolutions of <command>apt-get</command> and <command>aptitude</command>"
#~ msgstr "<emphasis>DA SEGUIRE</emphasis> Recenti evoluzioni di <command>apt-get</command> e <command>aptitude</command>"

#~ msgid "Some of the advantages that <command>aptitude</command> historically had over <command>apt-get</command> have recently disappeared. For instance, since the release of <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Lenny</emphasis>, <command>apt-get</command> memorizes the packages that have been installed only to satisfy dependencies, just like <command>aptitude</command> has always done. It can also follow recommendations expressed by one package on another."
#~ msgstr "Alcuni dei vantaggi che storicamente <command>aptitude</command> aveva su <command>apt-get</command> sono recentemente scomparsi. Per esempio, dal rilascio di <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Lenny</emphasis>, <command>apt-get</command> memorizza i pacchetti che sono stati installati solo per soddisfare le dipendenze, proprio come <command>aptitude</command> ha sempre fatto. Può anche seguire le raccomandazioni espresse da un pacchetto per un altro."

#~ msgid "Among the recent evolutions of <command>aptitude</command>, a new version with a graphical interface is currently being developed. Even if it's available in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Squeeze</emphasis> (in the separate <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude-gtk</emphasis> package), it's not complete yet and is subject to stability issues."
#~ msgstr "Tra le recenti evoluzioni di <command>aptitude</command>, una nuova versione con un'interfaccia grafica è in fase di sviluppo. Anche se è disponibile in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Squeeze</emphasis> (nel pacchetto separato <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude-gtk</emphasis>), non è ancora completa ed è soggetta a problemi di stabilità."

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt-key fingerprint</userinput>\n"
#~ "<computeroutput>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg\n"
#~ "--------------------\n"
#~ "pub   1024D/F42584E6 2008-04-06 [expires: 2012-05-15]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 7F5A 4445 4C72 4A65 CBCD  4FB1 4D27 0D06 F425 84E6\n"
#~ "uid                  Lenny Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   4096R/55BE302B 2009-01-27 [expires: 2012-12-31]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 150C 8614 919D 8446 E01E  83AF 9AA3 8DCD 55BE 302B\n"
#~ "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (5.0/lenny) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   2048R/6D849617 2009-01-24 [expires: 2013-01-23]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = F6CF DE30 6133 3CE2 A43F  DAF0 DFD9 9330 6D84 9617\n"
#~ "uid                  Debian-Volatile Archive Automatic Signing Key (5.0/lenny)\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   4096R/B98321F9 2010-08-07 [expires: 2017-08-05]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 0E4E DE2C 7F3E 1FC0 D033  800E 6448 1591 B983 21F9\n"
#~ "uid                  Squeeze Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   4096R/473041FA 2010-08-27 [expires: 2018-03-05]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 9FED 2BCB DCD2 9CDF 7626  78CB AED4 B06F 4730 41FA\n"
#~ "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (6.0/squeeze) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "</computeroutput>\n"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>apt-key fingerprint</userinput>\n"
#~ "<computeroutput>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg\n"
#~ "--------------------\n"
#~ "pub   1024D/F42584E6 2008-04-06 [expires: 2012-05-15]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 7F5A 4445 4C72 4A65 CBCD  4FB1 4D27 0D06 F425 84E6\n"
#~ "uid                  Lenny Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   4096R/55BE302B 2009-01-27 [expires: 2012-12-31]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 150C 8614 919D 8446 E01E  83AF 9AA3 8DCD 55BE 302B\n"
#~ "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (5.0/lenny) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   2048R/6D849617 2009-01-24 [expires: 2013-01-23]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = F6CF DE30 6133 3CE2 A43F  DAF0 DFD9 9330 6D84 9617\n"
#~ "uid                  Debian-Volatile Archive Automatic Signing Key (5.0/lenny)\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   4096R/B98321F9 2010-08-07 [expires: 2017-08-05]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 0E4E DE2C 7F3E 1FC0 D033  800E 6448 1591 B983 21F9\n"
#~ "uid                  Squeeze Stable Release Key &lt;debian-release@lists.debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "pub   4096R/473041FA 2010-08-27 [expires: 2018-03-05]\n"
#~ "    Key fingerprint = 9FED 2BCB DCD2 9CDF 7626  78CB AED4 B06F 4730 41FA\n"
#~ "uid                  Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (6.0/squeeze) &lt;ftpmaster@debian.org&gt;\n"
#~ "\n"
#~ "</computeroutput>\n"

#~ msgid "Once these new package sources are registered, you need to upgrade the <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis> packages; their versions in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Lenny</emphasis> have some limitations that could compromise the automatic upgrade."
#~ msgstr "Una volta che queste nuove sorgenti di pacchetti sono registrate, è necessario aggiornare i pacchetti <emphasis role=\"pkg\">aptitude</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"pkg\">apt</emphasis>, le loro versioni in <emphasis role=\"distribution\">Lenny</emphasis> hanno alcune limitazioni che potrebbero compromettere l'aggiornamento automatico."

#~ msgid "Remember to upgrade (or install) the most essential packages listed below, otherwise you might find that your system is unbootable:"
#~ msgstr "Ricordarsi di aggiornare (o installare) i pacchetti più essenziali elencati di seguito, altrimenti si potrebbe scoprire che il proprio sistema non è più avviabile:"

#~ msgid "the bootloader <emphasis role=\"pkg\">grub-pc</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"pkg\">grub-legacy</emphasis> (sometimes <emphasis role=\"pkg\">lilo</emphasis>);"
#~ msgstr "il bootloader <emphasis role=\"pkg\">grub-pc</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"pkg\">grub-legacy</emphasis> (a volte <emphasis role=\"pkg\">lilo</emphasis>);"

#~ msgid "the tools that build the initial ramdisk (initrd): <emphasis role=\"pkg\">initramfs-tools</emphasis>;"
#~ msgstr "gli strumenti che creano il ramdisk iniziale (initrd): <emphasis role=\"pkg\">initramfs-tools</emphasis>;"

#~ msgid "the standard library: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">libc6</emphasis> or one of its optimized variants such as <emphasis role=\"pkg\">libc6-i686</emphasis>;"
#~ msgstr "la libreria standard: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">libc6</emphasis> o una delle sue varianti ottimizzate come <emphasis role=\"pkg\">libc6-i686</emphasis>;"

#~ msgid "the management system for device files: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">udev</emphasis>;"
#~ msgstr "il sistema di gestione per i file di device: <emphasis role=\"pkg\">udev</emphasis>;"

#~ msgid "last but not least, the kernel: depending on the hardware, the metapackages to use are <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-486</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-686</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-686-bigmem</emphasis>. These packages will only work for the i386 architecture; owners of computers based on different hardware will use other packages, most likely <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-2.6-amd64</emphasis> for AMD64 or <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-powerpc*</emphasis> for PowerPC."
#~ msgstr "ultimo ma non meno importante, il kernel: a seconda dell'hardware, i metapacchetti da utilizzare sono <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-486</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-686</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-686-bigmem</emphasis>. Questi pacchetti funzionano solo per l'architettura i386; i proprietari di computer basati su hardware differente useranno altri pacchetti, molto probabilmente <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-2.6-amd64</emphasis> per AMD64 o <emphasis role=\"pkg\">linux-image-powerpc*</emphasis> per PowerPC."