1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
|
<pre>Network Working Group M. Mealling
Request for Comments: 3401 VeriSign
Updates: <a href="./rfc2276">2276</a> October 2002
Obsoletes: <a href="./rfc2915">2915</a>, <a href="./rfc2168">2168</a>
Category: Informational
<span class="h1">Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)</span>
<span class="h1">Part One: The Comprehensive DDDS</span>
Status of this Memo
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This document specifies the exact documents that make up the complete
Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS). DDDS is an abstract
algorithm for applying dynamically retrieved string transformation
rules to an application-unique string.
This document along with <a href="./rfc3402">RFC 3402</a>, <a href="./rfc3403">RFC 3403</a> and <a href="./rfc3404">RFC 3404</a> obsolete <a href="./rfc2168">RFC</a>
<a href="./rfc2168">2168</a> and <a href="./rfc2915">RFC 2915</a>, as well as updates <a href="./rfc2276">RFC 2276</a>.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-1" href="#section-1">1</a>. Intended Audience</span>
This document and the documents that it references are intended for
anyone attempting to implement or understand the generic DDDS
algorithm, URI Resolution, ENUM telephone number to URI resolution,
and the NAPTR DNS resource record. The reader is warned that reading
one of the documents in this series without reading the others will
probably lead to misunderstandings and interoperability problems.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-2" href="#section-2">2</a>. Introduction</span>
The Dynamic Delegation Discovery System is used to implement lazy
binding of strings to data, in order to support dynamically
configured delegation systems. The DDDS functions by mapping some
unique string to data stored within a DDDS Database by iteratively
applying string transformation rules until a terminal condition is
reached. This document defines the entire DDDS by listing the
documents that make up the complete specification at this time.
<span class="grey">Mealling Informational [Page 1]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-2" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc3401">RFC 3401</a> DDDS - The Comprehensive DDDS October 2002</span>
This document along with <a href="./rfc3402">RFC 3402</a>, <a href="./rfc3403">RFC 3403</a> and <a href="./rfc3404">RFC 3404</a> obsoletes
<a href="./rfc2168">RFC 2168</a> [<a href="#ref-8" title=""Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain Name System"">8</a>] and <a href="./rfc2915">RFC 2915</a> [<a href="#ref-6" title=""The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) DNS Resource Record"">6</a>], as well as updates <a href="./rfc2276">RFC 2276</a> [<a href="#ref-5" title=""Architectural Principles of Uniform Resource Name Resolution"">5</a>]. This
document will be updated and or obsoleted when changes are made to
the DDDS specifications. Thus the reader is strongly encouraged to
check the IETF RFC repository for any documents that obsoletes or
updates this one.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-3" href="#section-3">3</a>. The Algorithm</span>
The DDDS algorithm is defined by <a href="./rfc3402">RFC 3402</a> [<a href="#ref-1" title=""Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part Two: The Algorithm"">1</a>]. That document defines
the following DDDS concepts:
o The basic DDDS vocabulary.
o The algorithm.
o The requirements on applications using the algorithm.
o The requirements on databases that store DDDS rules.
<a href="./rfc3402">RFC 3402</a> is the actual DDDS Algorithm specification. But the
specification by itself is useless without some additional document
that defines how and why the algorithm is used. These documents are
called Applications and do not actually make up part of the DDDS core
specification. Applications require databases in which to store
their Rules. These databases are called DDDS Databases and are
usually specified in separate documents. But again, these Database
specifications are not included in the DDDS core specification
itself.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-4" href="#section-4">4</a>. DDDS Applications</span>
No implementation can begin without an Application specification, as
this is what provides the concrete instantiation details for the DDDS
Algorithm. Without them the DDDS is nothing more than a general
algorithm. Application documents define the following:
o the Application Unique String (the thing the delegation rules act
on).
o the First Well Known Rule (the Rule that says where the process
starts).
o the list of valid Databases (you can't just use any Database).
o the final expected output.
<span class="grey">Mealling Informational [Page 2]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-3" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc3401">RFC 3401</a> DDDS - The Comprehensive DDDS October 2002</span>
Some sample Applications are documented in:
o "E.164 number and DNS" (<a href="./rfc2916">RFC 2916</a>) [<a href="#ref-7" title=""E.164 number and DNS"">7</a>]. This Application uses the
DDDS to map a telephone number to service endpoints such as SIP or
email.
o "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part Four: The Uniform
Resource Identifiers (URI) Resolution Application" (<a href="./rfc3404">RFC 3404</a>) [<a href="#ref-3" title=""Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part Four: The Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) Resolution Application"">3</a>].
This Application uses the DDDS to resolve any URI to a set of
endpoints or 'resolvers' that can give additional information
about the URI independent of its particular URI scheme.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-5" href="#section-5">5</a>. Currently Standardized Databases</span>
Any DDDS Application must use some type of DDDS Database. Database
documents define the following:
o the general spec for how the Database works.
o formats for Keys.
o formats for Rules.
o Key lookup process.
o rule insertion procedures.
o collision avoidance measures.
A Database cannot be used on its own; there must be at least one
Application that uses it. Multiple Databases and Applications are
defined, and some Databases will support multiple Applications.
However, not every Application uses each Database, and vice versa.
Thus, compliance is defined by the combination of a Database and
Application specification.
One sample Database specification is documented in:
o "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part Three: The Domain
Name System (DNS) Database" (<a href="./rfc3402">RFC 3402</a>) [<a href="#ref-1" title=""Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part Two: The Algorithm"">1</a>]. (This document is the
official specification for the NAPTR DNS Resource Record.)
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-6" href="#section-6">6</a>. Security Considerations</span>
Any known security issues that arise from the use of algorithms and
databases must be specified in the respective specifications. They
must be completely and fully described. It is not required that the
database and algorithms be secure or that it be free from risks, but
<span class="grey">Mealling Informational [Page 3]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-4" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc3401">RFC 3401</a> DDDS - The Comprehensive DDDS October 2002</span>
that the known risks be identified. Publication of a new database
type or algorithm does require a security review, and the security
considerations section should be subject to continuing evaluation.
Additional security considerations should be addressed by publishing
revised versions of the database and algorithm specifications.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-7" href="#section-7">7</a>. IANA Considerations</span>
While this document itself does not create any new requirements for
the IANA, the documents in this series create many varied
requirements. The IANA Considerations sections in those documents
should be reviewed by the IANA to determine the complete set of new
registries and requirements. Any new algorithms, databases or
applications should take great care in what they require the IANA to
do in the future.
References
[<a id="ref-1">1</a>] Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
Two: The Algorithm", <a href="./rfc3402">RFC 3402</a>, October 2002.
[<a id="ref-2">2</a>] Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
Three: The Doman Name System (DNS) Database", <a href="./rfc3403">RFC 3403</a>, October
2002.
[<a id="ref-3">3</a>] Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
Four: The Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) Resolution
Application", <a href="./rfc3404">RFC 3404</a>, October 2002.
[<a id="ref-4">4</a>] Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
Five: URI.ARPA Assignment Procedures", <a href="./rfc3405">RFC 3405</a>, October 2002.
[<a id="ref-5">5</a>] Sollins, K., "Architectural Principles of Uniform Resource Name
Resolution", <a href="./rfc2276">RFC 2276</a>, January 1998.
[<a id="ref-6">6</a>] Mealling, M. and R. Daniel, "The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR)
DNS Resource Record", <a href="./rfc2915">RFC 2915</a>, August 2000.
[<a id="ref-7">7</a>] Faltstrom, P., "E.164 number and DNS", <a href="./rfc2916">RFC 2916</a>, September 2000.
[<a id="ref-8">8</a>] Daniel, R. and M. Mealling, "Resolution of Uniform Resource
Identifiers using the Domain Name System", <a href="./rfc2168">RFC 2168</a>, June 1997.
<span class="grey">Mealling Informational [Page 4]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-5" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc3401">RFC 3401</a> DDDS - The Comprehensive DDDS October 2002</span>
Author's Address
Michael Mealling
VeriSign
21345 Ridgetop Circle
Sterling, VA 20166
US
EMail: michael@neonym.net
URI: <a href="http://www.verisignlabs.com">http://www.verisignlabs.com</a>
<span class="grey">Mealling Informational [Page 5]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-6" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc3401">RFC 3401</a> DDDS - The Comprehensive DDDS October 2002</span>
Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
"AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
Internet Society.
Mealling Informational [Page 6]
</pre>
|
