1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
|
<pre>NWG/RFC#469 Michael D. Kudlick MDK (SRI-ARC)
NIC 14798 8-MAR-73
Network Mail Meeting Summary
Introduction
The purpose of this RFC is to briefly summarize, from the NIC's
viewpoint, the principal conclusions reached at the Network Mail
Meeting held Friday, February 23 1973, at SRI-ARC.
Please refer to RFC #475 (NIC 14919) for Abhay Bhushan's
comprehensive summary of the issues discussed at the meeting.
There is no major disagreement between the present RFC and RFC
#475.
RFC #453 (NIC 14317) contains background information on the
meeting.
RFC #479 (NIC 14948) describes what the NIC would like to see
included in the File Transfer Protocol for Network Mail purposes,
and also describes briefly how the NIC would use the information.
The present RFC is organized as follows:
Conclusions
Discussion
Attendees
Conclusions
Additional FTP mail requirements were decided upon. These would be
implemented as a new mail command, with the following subcommands:
TO
This field is explicitly allowed to contain multiple
addressees, with a standard syntax: user@host.
FROM
This field provides a return-address for notification of
undeliverable mail, as well as a clearcut identification of the
sender for the recipient's information..
<span class="grey"> [Page 1]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-2" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
AUTHOR
This field denotes the author of the mail. There may be
multiple authors
TITLE
The "title" (i.e. subject) of the mail is to be terminated by
period carriage return.
ACKNOWLEDEGMENT success / failure (time out) / normal
For use by the intermediate host, probably the NIC in most
cases, to tell the sender what happened to his attempt to send
mail. (Note: "normal" wasn't defined.)
RECORDED jnumber / null
Note: "jnumber" is the pre-assigned accession number (NIC
number), to be used when known.
The "RECORDED" subcommand provides for the option of having the
mail recorded. Information given with this subcommand would be
recognized at the NIC. Options are:
to be recorded (in NIC journal) only,
to be recorded and distributed,
to be distributed only.
This field would also be used to inform the recipient that the
mail has been recorded.
(In retrospect, it may be preferable to have a separate
command to inform the recipient of this fact, but no
decision on this was made at the 23-Feb-73 meeting.)
TYPE long / urgent / ordinary
This allows the recipient site to take whatever action it
thinks appropriate in storing the mail.
TEXT / FILE / CITATION
TEXT
This field is for the text of the mail message.
<span class="grey"> [Page 2]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-3" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
FILE
The purpose of the field is unclear to me. Does it contain a
machine readable pointer to the file that the sender wishes the
recipient to read?
CITATION
This field is a person-readable pointer to the file that the
sender wishes the recipient to read. When the citation command
is used, no mail is sent other than the citation.
Discussion
Introduction
The key aspects in the solution are:
1) It is based on FTP.
2) It uses the NIC without requiring direct use of NLS.
3) There is a mechanism for uniformity in the use of
user identifications.
4) There is a mechanism for recording the mail for
later reference.
These issues are covered in the discussion that follows.
New FTP Mail Subcommands
TO
Addressee Format
The standard form of the address is: user@host
"User" may be an individual's last name; or it may be whatever
other identification the recipient has chosen AND has made
known to the rest of the network.
If the intended host doesn't recognize the intended
recipient's identification, then it sends back an
"undeliverable" mail message to the sender's host. It is up
to the individual to keep the NIC informed of his wherabouts
[sic]; otherwise, he may not get his mail on time.
<span class="grey"> [Page 3]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-4" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
NIC Role
The NIC need have no role at all for mail sent from point A to
point B, whenever that mail is not to be recorded at the NIC.
For mail that is to be recorded at the NIC, the RECORDED
subcommand is to be used.
Also, when the sender does not know the standard address of the
recipients, he may use the NIC to obtain this information.
Idents and Addresses
The NIC will modify its identification files to include the
"user@host" standard address for each individual.
Sites may ask the NIC to translate from NIC Ident, or from a
user's last name, to the standard address. A query facility
will be made available at the NIC to do the translation on
request. The translation service will also be available for
"group idents".
This service would be FTP-like, in term of the prootocol
[sic] it accepts, but would not be within FTP itself. A
different server process would handle Ident translation
requests.
Translation will also be done at the NIC when the NIC is
used as an intermediate point on the delivery route.
The NIC could be an intermediate point for recording the
mail as a NIC journal item, and for forwarding the mail
to its ultimate destinations. During this process, the
NIC would translate from NIC idents to standard
addresses.
In the NIC ident files, provision already exists to specify
hardcopy or on-line delivery of recorded (NIC Journal) mail.
This provision will be extended to include a "network"
attribute, which means "deliver the mail to the host of this
person".
The network attribute may be qualified by restricting all
mail to be kept at the sender, with only a notification
message actually mailed.
<span class="grey"> [Page 4]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-5" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
Notification would be in the form of a citation giving "to",
"from", "title", "date of submission", and "location of
mail".
TIP Users
To enable TIP users to have access to the mail system, both for
sending and receiving mail, it was suggested that some hosts
will have to be the "home" site for these users (but no more
than one "home" site per user).
That is, an account that allows a TIP user to send and receive
mail will have to be established at such a host.
For the present, any TIP user can use the SRI-ARC system for
his mail requirements.
An alternate solution, that TIP's be equipped with a hardcopy
device that is continuously available for printing mail, was
discarded in favor of the above approach.
FROM
The "FROM" command in FTP, identifies the sender in "standard
address" form.
This will allow "undeliverable" mail notices to be sent back to
the originator.
The default condition is that the sender's host must retain
the mail until it is "delivered" to the recipient's host.
"Delivered" means that the recipient's host has accepted
the mail. It does NOT mean that the recipient has READ
the mail.
Alternatively, the sender may designate that an intermediate
host store the mail. Then the intermediate host has the
responsibility of storing the mail until it is "delivered"
to all intended recipients.
The "ACKNOWLEDGEMENT" command will allow an optional, positive
acknowledgement to be given to the originator of the mail (the
"FROM" addressee), stating that the mail was delivered.
<span class="grey"> [Page 5]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-6" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
AUTHOR
The AUTHOR may be several persons. For recorded documents the
authors appear separately in the index of authors, to facilitate
searching for mail when an author is known, but the title and
location of the mail are unknown.
TITLE
The TITLE field is especially useful for recorded mail, since
indexes on key words in the title can be produced relatively
easily, and facilitate searching for mail.
For this reason, the title should be a succinct indicator of the
contents.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Acknowledgement of failure to deliver should be given to the
sender.
An optional, positive acknowledgement of successful delivery to
the recipient's sitename will be given on request of sender
(like U.S. CERTIFIED mail).
No acknowledgement that the recipient actually saw the mail
will be given (comparable to not having U.S. REGISTERED mail).
RECORDED
The concept of "recorded" mail is that a permanent record of the
mail is kept centrally, to allow future references and re-readings
of the mail to be made.
For example, in the NIC Journal system, a record is kept of all
the items entered into the Journal. From this record, author,
title-word, and NIC number indexes are produced to allow for
references and re-readings.
The key to retrieval of recorded Journal items is the use of an
accession number (the NIC number). This essentially removes
the possibility of duplicate filenames being used.
The basic aspect of recorded mail which was discussed at the mail
meeting is the assignment of an "accession" number.
<span class="grey"> [Page 6]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-7" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
It was decided to get the accession numbers from the NIC on an
as-needed basis, without pre-assignment and without local
assignment of numbers.
This subject may be reviewed in the future. Local assignment
may be desirable to prevent the NIC from becoming a bottleneck
in the mail process.
It was pointed out that local assignment of numbers would be
un-ambiguous if the numbers included some information such as
sitename, date, and time.
One other problem exits [sic], namely "where is the recorded
document?".
Initially the document should be in the NIC, but ultimately it
could be anywhere on the Network, provided only that there is a
central mechanism for indexing and cataloging all the recorded
documents.
The pathname to the recorded document would then include
filename and sitename.
TYPE
The TYPE subcommand was a result of a discussion on the
problems of large mail files, and the associated
question of who would pay for the processing and storing
of these files.
The main decisions made were:
a) The processing, transmittal, and storage costs of
sending mail should be borne at the sender's host.
b) The processing and storage costs of receiving
mail should be borne at the recipient's host
initially, as a default.
Information to enable the recipient host to make an
intelligent decision about where to store the incoming
mail are passed along via the TYPE command.
The recipient host will have the local option of
providing either of the following services:
<span class="grey"> [Page 7]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-8" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
a) free use of system to send mail;
b) free use of system to receive mail, i.e. login
not required for delivery over the Network. (A
possible alternative is use of a "mail" account,
or use of the recipient's account, for processing
and storage of the incoming mail.
TEXT / FILE / CITATION
TEXT
This field is for the text of the mail message.
FILE
The purpose of this field is unclear to me. Does it contain a
machine readable pointer to the file that the sender wishes the
recipient to read?
CITATION
The citation is a person-readable pointer to the file that the
sender wishes the recipient to read.
An alternative to sending entire messages or files over the
Network is to use the "CITATION" mechanism. With this, the
sender sends a short message (the citation) saying, in effect,
"please read file X at site Y".
This alternative would be especially useful for
a) mail that is distributed with group idents (to all
liaisons, for example), and
b) "long" files (size not defined) that the recipient may
not be immediately interested in.
However no method of enforcing use of this alternative was
discussed. It will be up to the recipients to devise a
scheme satisfactory to them.
Other General Discussion
Bob Kahn placed on the floor the following question (I paraphrase):
Can't the design of a mail system be made to include alternative
sources of data and alternative modes of operation, unless
exclusion of these alternatives can be quantitatively defended?
<span class="grey"> [Page 8]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-9" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
Particular aspects of this question are:
1) What is the desirability and difficulty of admitting different
data sources into the mail system?
What are the "boundaries" that divide permitted from prohibited
data sources?
What is the quantitative distinction between deferred and
realtime mail?
Will the design we come up with allow such things as
a) handling a calendar that reflects the known and
anticipated whereabouts of people so that meetings can be
scheduled sensibly?
b) formatting the mail contents for later query and other
information handling?
2) Whatever primitives we implement, can't they be designed so as
not to preclude things like Tenex "linking"?
This requires two-way data communication paths.
How do we specify and get the attention of a "sink" for the
data stream?
e.g., for interprocess communication, and for Tenex-type
"linking".
The general reaction to this discussion was one of perspective:
In the scheme of things that could be considered "point-to-point
communication", mailbox-type of communication is not the most
general kind.
AKB listed several types of communication problems:
program-program communication
people-people real-time communication, e.g.
Tenex-type "links"
computer teleconferencing
mailbox communication: cataloging, storage
protocols: host-host, telnet, file transfer
<span class="grey"> [Page 9]</span></pre>
<hr class='noprint'/><!--NewPage--><pre class='newpage'><span id="page-10" ></span>
<span class="grey">NIC 14798 MDK 8-MAR-73 17:24 14798</span>
A design for a mailbox-type system won't be required to encompass
the problems of, say, a computer teleconferencing system, which
has attributes (real-time, video, very large volume of data to be
transferred, to name some) that are not attributes of a mail box
system.
Attendees at the Network Mail Meeting 2/23/73 at SRI-ARC
Nancy Mimno BBN
ACB Alan Bomberger AMES-67
AKB Abhay Bhushan MIT-DMOG
AWH Wayne Hathaway AMES-67
CHI Charles Irby SRI-ARC
DHC Dave Crocker UCLA-NMC
JBP Jon Postel UCLA-NMC
JDH Dave Hopper SRI-ARC
JEW Jim White SRI-ARC
LPD Peter Deutsch PARC-MAXC
MCK Mark Krilanovich UCSB-MOD75
MDK Mike Kudlick SRI-ARC
REK2 Bob Kahn ARPA
RKK Rajendra Kanodia MIT-MULTICS
RST Ray Tomlinson BBN-TENEX
[ This RFC was put into machine readable form for entry ]
[ into the online RFC archives by Joseph Marshall 9/97 ]
[Page 10]
</pre>
|
