<pre>Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                      D. King, Ed.
Request for Comments: 6639                            Old Dog Consulting
Category: Informational                               M. Venkatesan, Ed.
ISSN: 2070-1721                                                  Aricent
                                                               June 2012


       <span class="h1">Multiprotocol Label Switching Transport Profile (MPLS-TP)</span>
                     <span class="h1">MIB-Based Management Overview</span>

Abstract

   A range of Management Information Base (MIB) modules has been
   developed to help model and manage the various aspects of
   Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) networks.  These MIB modules are
   defined in separate documents that focus on the specific areas of
   responsibility of the modules that they describe.

   The MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) is a profile of MPLS
   functionality specific to the construction of packet-switched
   transport networks.

   This document describes the MIB-based architecture for MPLS-TP,
   indicates the interrelationships between different existing MIB
   modules that can be leveraged for MPLS-TP network management, and
   identifies areas where additional MIB modules are required.

Status of This Memo

   This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is
   published for informational purposes.

   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Not all documents
   approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet
   Standard; see <a href="./rfc5741#section-2">Section&nbsp;2 of RFC 5741</a>.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6639">http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6639</a>.









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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp78">BCP 78</a> and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (<a href="http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info">http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info</a>) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.





































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<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc6639">RFC 6639</a>          MPLS-TP MIB-Based Management Overview        June 2012</span>


Table of Contents

   <a href="#section-1">1</a>. Introduction ....................................................<a href="#page-4">4</a>
      <a href="#section-1.1">1.1</a>. MPLS-TP Management Function ................................<a href="#page-5">5</a>
   <a href="#section-2">2</a>. Terminology .....................................................<a href="#page-5">5</a>
   <a href="#section-3">3</a>. The SNMP Management Framework ...................................<a href="#page-5">5</a>
   <a href="#section-4">4</a>. Overview of Existing Work .......................................<a href="#page-6">6</a>
      <a href="#section-4.1">4.1</a>. MPLS Management Overview and Requirements ..................<a href="#page-6">6</a>
      <a href="#section-4.2">4.2</a>. An Introduction to the MPLS and Pseudowire MIB Modules .....<a href="#page-6">6</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.1">4.2.1</a>. Structure of the MPLS MIB OID Tree ..................<a href="#page-6">6</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.2">4.2.2</a>. Textual Convention Modules ..........................<a href="#page-8">8</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.3">4.2.3</a>. Label Switched Path (LSP) Modules ...................<a href="#page-8">8</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.4">4.2.4</a>. Label Edge Router (LER) Modules .....................<a href="#page-8">8</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.5">4.2.5</a>. Label Switching Router (LSR) Modules ................<a href="#page-9">9</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.6">4.2.6</a>. Pseudowire Modules ..................................<a href="#page-9">9</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.7">4.2.7</a>. Routing and Traffic Engineering ....................<a href="#page-10">10</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.8">4.2.8</a>. Resiliency .........................................<a href="#page-11">11</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.9">4.2.9</a>. Fault Management and Performance Management ........<a href="#page-11">11</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.10">4.2.10</a>. MIB Module Interdependencies ......................<a href="#page-13">13</a>
           <a href="#section-4.2.11">4.2.11</a>. Dependencies on External MIB Modules ..............<a href="#page-15">15</a>
   <a href="#section-5">5</a>. Applicability of MPLS MIB Modules to MPLS-TP ...................<a href="#page-16">16</a>
      <a href="#section-5.1">5.1</a>. MPLS-TP Tunnel ............................................<a href="#page-17">17</a>
           <a href="#section-5.1.1">5.1.1</a>. Gap Analysis .......................................<a href="#page-17">17</a>
           <a href="#section-5.1.2">5.1.2</a>. Recommendations ....................................<a href="#page-17">17</a>
      <a href="#section-5.2">5.2</a>. MPLS-TP Pseudowire ........................................<a href="#page-17">17</a>
           <a href="#section-5.2.1">5.2.1</a>. Gap Analysis .......................................<a href="#page-17">17</a>
           <a href="#section-5.2.2">5.2.2</a>. Recommendations ....................................<a href="#page-18">18</a>
      <a href="#section-5.3">5.3</a>. MPLS-TP Sections ..........................................<a href="#page-18">18</a>
           <a href="#section-5.3.1">5.3.1</a>. Gap Analysis .......................................<a href="#page-18">18</a>
           <a href="#section-5.3.2">5.3.2</a>. Recommendations ....................................<a href="#page-18">18</a>
      <a href="#section-5.4">5.4</a>. MPLS-TP OAM ...............................................<a href="#page-18">18</a>
           <a href="#section-5.4.1">5.4.1</a>. Gap Analysis .......................................<a href="#page-18">18</a>
           <a href="#section-5.4.2">5.4.2</a>. Recommendations ....................................<a href="#page-19">19</a>
      <a href="#section-5.5">5.5</a>. MPLS-TP Protection Switching and Recovery .................<a href="#page-19">19</a>
           <a href="#section-5.5.1">5.5.1</a>. Gap Analysis .......................................<a href="#page-19">19</a>
           <a href="#section-5.5.2">5.5.2</a>. Recommendations ....................................<a href="#page-19">19</a>
      <a href="#section-5.6">5.6</a>. MPLS-TP Interfaces ........................................<a href="#page-19">19</a>
           <a href="#section-5.6.1">5.6.1</a>. Gap Analysis .......................................<a href="#page-19">19</a>
           <a href="#section-5.6.2">5.6.2</a>. Recommendations ....................................<a href="#page-19">19</a>












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   <a href="#section-6">6</a>. An Introduction to the MPLS-TP MIB Modules .....................<a href="#page-20">20</a>
      <a href="#section-6.1">6.1</a>. MPLS-TP MIB Modules .......................................<a href="#page-20">20</a>
           <a href="#section-6.1.1">6.1.1</a>. New MIB Modules for MPLS-TP ........................<a href="#page-20">20</a>
           <a href="#section-6.1.2">6.1.2</a>. Textual Conventions for MPLS-TP ....................<a href="#page-20">20</a>
           <a href="#section-6.1.3">6.1.3</a>. Identifiers for MPLS-TP ............................<a href="#page-21">21</a>
           <a href="#section-6.1.4">6.1.4</a>. LSR MIB Extensions for MPLS-TP .....................<a href="#page-21">21</a>
           <a href="#section-6.1.5">6.1.5</a>. Tunnel Extensions for MPLS-TP ......................<a href="#page-21">21</a>
      <a href="#section-6.2">6.2</a>. PWE3 MIB Modules for MPLS-TP ..............................<a href="#page-21">21</a>
           <a href="#section-6.2.1">6.2.1</a>. New MIB Modules for MPLS-TP Pseudowires ............<a href="#page-21">21</a>
           <a href="#section-6.2.2">6.2.2</a>. Pseudowire Textual Conventions for MPLS-TP .........<a href="#page-21">21</a>
           <a href="#section-6.2.3">6.2.3</a>. Pseudowire Extensions for MPLS-TP ..................<a href="#page-22">22</a>
           <a href="#section-6.2.4">6.2.4</a>. Pseudowire MPLS Extensions for MPLS-TP .............<a href="#page-22">22</a>
      <a href="#section-6.3">6.3</a>. OAM MIB Modules for MPLS-TP ...............................<a href="#page-22">22</a>
           <a href="#section-6.3.1">6.3.1</a>. New MIB Modules for OAM for MPLS-TP ................<a href="#page-22">22</a>
           <a href="#section-6.3.2">6.3.2</a>. BFD MIB Module .....................................<a href="#page-22">22</a>
           <a href="#section-6.3.3">6.3.3</a>. OAM MIB Module .....................................<a href="#page-23">23</a>
      6.4. Protection Switching and Recovery MIB Modules for MPLS-TP .23
           6.4.1. New MIB Modules for MPLS Protection
                  Switching and Recovery .............................<a href="#page-23">23</a>
           <a href="#section-6.4.2">6.4.2</a>. Linear Protection Switching MIB Module .............<a href="#page-23">23</a>
           <a href="#section-6.4.3">6.4.3</a>. Ring Protection Switching MIB Module ...............<a href="#page-23">23</a>
           <a href="#section-6.4.4">6.4.4</a>. Mesh Protection Switching MIB Module ...............<a href="#page-23">23</a>
   <a href="#section-7">7</a>. Management Options .............................................<a href="#page-23">23</a>
   <a href="#section-8">8</a>. Security Considerations ........................................<a href="#page-24">24</a>
   <a href="#section-9">9</a>. IANA Considerations ............................................<a href="#page-24">24</a>
   <a href="#section-10">10</a>. Acknowledgements ..............................................<a href="#page-24">24</a>
   <a href="#section-11">11</a>. Contributors' Addresses .......................................<a href="#page-25">25</a>
   <a href="#section-12">12</a>. References ....................................................<a href="#page-26">26</a>
      <a href="#section-12.1">12.1</a>. Normative References .....................................<a href="#page-26">26</a>
      <a href="#section-12.2">12.2</a>. Informative References ...................................<a href="#page-27">27</a>

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-1" href="#section-1">1</a>.  Introduction</span>

   The MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) is a packet transport technology
   based on a profile of the MPLS functionality specific to the
   construction of packet-switched transport networks.  MPLS is
   described in [<a href="./rfc3031" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture&quot;">RFC3031</a>], and requirements for MPLS-TP are specified in
   [<a href="./rfc5654" title="&quot;Requirements of an MPLS Transport Profile&quot;">RFC5654</a>].

   A range of Management Information Base (MIB) modules has been
   developed to help model and manage the various aspects of
   Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) networks.  These MIB modules are
   defined in separate documents that focus on the specific areas of
   responsibility for the modules that they describe.







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   An MPLS-TP network can be operated via static provisioning of
   transport paths, Label Switched Paths (LSPs) and pseudowires (PWs),
   or the elective use of a Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) control plane to
   support dynamic provisioning of transport paths, LSPs, and PWs.

   This document describes the MIB-based management architecture for
   MPLS, as extended for MPLS-TP.  The document also indicates the
   interrelationships between existing MIB modules that should be
   leveraged for MPLS-TP network management and identifies areas where
   additional MIB modules are required.

   Note that [<a href="./rfc5951" title="&quot;Network Management Requirements for MPLS-based Transport Networks&quot;">RFC5951</a>] does not specify a preferred management interface
   protocol to be used as the standard protocol for managing MPLS-TP
   networks.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-1.1" href="#section-1.1">1.1</a>.  MPLS-TP Management Function</span>

   The management of the MPLS-TP networks is separable from that of its
   client networks so that the same means of management can be used
   regardless of the client.  The management function of MPLS-TP
   includes fault management, configuration management, performance
   monitoring, and security management.

   The purpose of the management function is to provide control and
   monitoring of the MPLS transport profile protocol mechanisms and
   procedures.  The requirements for the network management
   functionality are found in [<a href="./rfc5951" title="&quot;Network Management Requirements for MPLS-based Transport Networks&quot;">RFC5951</a>].  A description of the network
   and element management architectures that can be applied to the
   management of MPLS-based transport networks is found in [<a href="./rfc5950" title="&quot;Network Management Framework for MPLS-based Transport Networks&quot;">RFC5950</a>].

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-2" href="#section-2">2</a>.  Terminology</span>

   This document also uses terminology from the MPLS architecture
   document [<a href="./rfc3031" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture&quot;">RFC3031</a>], Pseudowire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3)
   architecture [<a href="./rfc3985" title="&quot;Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture&quot;">RFC3985</a>], and the following MPLS-related MIB modules:
   the MPLS-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3811" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions (TCs) for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Management&quot;">RFC3811</a>], MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>],
   MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>], MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3815" title="&quot;Definitions of Managed Objects for the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)&quot;">RFC3815</a>],
   MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3814" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Equivalence Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (FEC-To-NHLFE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3814</a>], and TE-LINK-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4220" title="&quot;Traffic Engineering Link Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4220</a>].

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-3" href="#section-3">3</a>.  The SNMP Management Framework</span>

   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
   the Management Information Base or MIB.  MIB objects are generally
   accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).

   Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
   Structure of Management Information (SMI).




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   For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
   Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to <a href="./rfc3410#section-7">Section&nbsp;7 of
   [RFC3410]</a>.

   This document discusses MIB modules that are compliant to the SMIv2,
   which is described in [<a href="./rfc2578" title="&quot;Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)&quot;">RFC2578</a>], [<a href="./rfc2579" title="&quot;Textual Conventions for SMIv2&quot;">RFC2579</a>], and [<a href="./rfc2580" title="&quot;Conformance Statements for SMIv2&quot;">RFC2580</a>].

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-4" href="#section-4">4</a>.  Overview of Existing Work</span>

   This section describes the existing tools and techniques for managing
   and modeling MPLS networks, devices, and protocols.  It is intended
   to provide a description of the tool kit that is already available.

   <a href="#section-5">Section 5</a> of this document outlines the applicability of existing
   MPLS MIB modules to MPLS-TP, describes the optional use of GMPLS MIB
   modules in MPLS-TP networks, and examines the additional MIB modules
   and objects that would be required for managing an MPLS-TP network.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.1" href="#section-4.1">4.1</a>.  MPLS Management Overview and Requirements</span>

   [<a id="ref-RFC4378">RFC4378</a>] outlines how data-plane protocols can assist in providing
   the Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) requirements
   outlined in [<a href="./rfc4377" title="&quot;Operations and Management (OAM) Requirements for Multi-Protocol Label Switched (MPLS) Networks&quot;">RFC4377</a>] and how it is applied to the management
   functions of fault, configuration, accounting, performance, and
   security (commonly known as FCAPS) for MPLS networks.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4221">RFC4221</a>] describes the management architecture for MPLS.  In
   particular, it describes how the managed objects defined in various
   MPLS-related MIB modules model different aspects of MPLS, as well as
   the interactions and dependencies between each of these MIB modules.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4377">RFC4377</a>] describes the requirements for user- and data-plane OAM and
   applications for MPLS.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5654">RFC5654</a>] describes the requirements for the optional use of a
   control plane to support dynamic provisioning of MPLS-TP transport
   paths.  The MPLS-TP LSP control plane is based on GMPLS and is
   described in [<a href="./rfc3945" title="&quot;Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Architecture&quot;">RFC3945</a>].

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2" href="#section-4.2">4.2</a>.  An Introduction to the MPLS and Pseudowire MIB Modules</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.1" href="#section-4.2.1">4.2.1</a>.  Structure of the MPLS MIB OID Tree</span>

   The MPLS MIB Object Identifier (OID) tree has the following
   structure.  It is based on the tree originally set out in <a href="./rfc4221#section-4.1">Section&nbsp;4.1
   of [RFC4221]</a> and has been enhanced to include other relevant MIB
   modules.




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    mib-2 -- <a href="./rfc2578">RFC 2578</a> [<a href="./rfc2578" title="&quot;Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)&quot;">RFC2578</a>]
     |
     +-transmission
     |  |
     |  +- mplsStdMIB
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- mplsTCStdMIB -- MPLS-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3811" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions (TCs) for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Management&quot;">RFC3811</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- mplsLsrStdMIB -- MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- mplsTeStdMIB -- MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- mplsLdpStdMIB -- MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3815" title="&quot;Definitions of Managed Objects for the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)&quot;">RFC3815</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- mplsLdpGenericStdMIB
     |  |    |                -- MPLS-LDP-GENERIC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3815" title="&quot;Definitions of Managed Objects for the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)&quot;">RFC3815</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- mplsFTNStdMIB -- MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3814" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Equivalence Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (FEC-To-NHLFE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3814</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- gmplsTCStdMIB -- GMPLS-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4801" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions for Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Management&quot;">RFC4801</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- gmplsTeStdMIB -- GMPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4802" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4802</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- gmplsLsrStdMIB -- GMPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4803" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4803</a>]
     |  |    |
     |  |    +- gmplsLabelStdMIB -- GMPLS-LABEL-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4803" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4803</a>]
     |  |
     |  +- teLinkStdMIB -- TE-LINK-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4220" title="&quot;Traffic Engineering Link Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4220</a>]
     |  |
     |  +- pwStdMIB -- PW-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>]
     |
     +- ianaGmpls -- IANA-GMPLS-TC-MIB [<a href="./rfc4802" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4802</a>]
     |
     +- ianaPwe3MIB -- IANA-PWE3-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>]
     |
     +- pwEnetStdMIB -- PW-ENET-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5603" title="&quot;Ethernet Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5603</a>]
     |
     +- pwMplsStdMIB -- PW-MPLS-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5602" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) over MPLS PSN Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5602</a>]
     |
     +- pwTDMMIB -- PW-TDM-MIB [<a href="./rfc5604" title="&quot;Managed Objects for Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet Switched Networks (PSNs)&quot;">RFC5604</a>]
     |
     +- pwTcStdMIB -- PW-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5542" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions for Pseudowire (PW) Management&quot;">RFC5542</a>]

   Note: The OIDs for MIB modules are assigned and managed by IANA.
   They can be found in the referenced MIB documents.






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<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc6639">RFC 6639</a>          MPLS-TP MIB-Based Management Overview        June 2012</span>


<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.2" href="#section-4.2.2">4.2.2</a>.  Textual Convention Modules</span>

   The MPLS-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3811" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions (TCs) for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Management&quot;">RFC3811</a>], GMPLS-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc4801" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions for Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Management&quot;">RFC4801</a>],
   IANA-GMPLS-TC-MIB [<a href="./rfc4802" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4802</a>], and PW-TC-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5542" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions for Pseudowire (PW) Management&quot;">RFC5542</a>] contain the
   Textual Conventions for MPLS and GMPLS networks.  These Textual
   Conventions should be imported by MIB modules that manage MPLS and
   GMPLS networks.  <a href="#section-4.2.11">Section 4.2.11</a> highlights dependencies on additional
   external MIB modules.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.3" href="#section-4.2.3">4.2.3</a>.  Label Switched Path (LSP) Modules</span>

   An LSP is a path over which a labeled packet travels across the
   sequence of Label Switching Routers (LSRs) for a given Forward
   Equivalence Class (FEC).  When a packet, with or without a label,
   arrives at an ingress Label Edge Router (LER) of an LSP, it is
   encapsulated with the label corresponding to the FEC and sent across
   the LSP.  The labeled packet traverses the LSRs and arrives at the
   egress LER of the LSP, where it gets forwarded, depending on the
   packet type it came with.  LSPs could be nested using label stacking,
   such that an LSP could traverse another LSP.  A more detailed
   description of an LSP can be found in [<a href="./rfc3031" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture&quot;">RFC3031</a>].

   The MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] describes the objects required to
   define the LSP.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.4" href="#section-4.2.4">4.2.4</a>.  Label Edge Router (LER) Modules</span>

   Ingress and egress LSRs of an LSP are known as Label Edge Routers
   (LERs).  An ingress LER takes each incoming unlabeled or labeled
   packet and encapsulates it with the corresponding label of the LSP it
   represents, and then forwards it to the adjacent LSR of the LSP.
   Each FEC is mapped to a label-forwarding entry, so that a packet
   could be encapsulated with one or more label entries; this is
   referred to as a label stack.

   The packet traverses the LSP.  Upon reaching the egress LER, further
   action will be taken to handle the packet, depending on the type of
   packet received.  MPLS Architecture [<a href="./rfc3031" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture&quot;">RFC3031</a>] details the
   functionality of ingress and egress LERs.

   The MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3814" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Equivalence Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (FEC-To-NHLFE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3814</a>] describes the managed objects for
   mapping FEC to label bindings.









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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.5" href="#section-4.2.5">4.2.5</a>.  Label Switching Router (LSR) Modules</span>

   A router that performs MPLS forwarding is known as an LSR.  An LSR
   receives a labeled packet and performs forwarding action based on the
   label received.

   The LSR maintains a mapping of an incoming label and incoming
   interface to one or more outgoing labels and outgoing interfaces in
   its forwarding database.  When a labeled packet is received, the LSR
   examines the topmost label in the label stack and then does a 'swap',
   'push', or 'pop' operation based on the contents.

   The MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] describes the managed objects for
   modeling an MPLS [<a href="./rfc3031" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture&quot;">RFC3031</a>] LSR.  The MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>]
   contains the managed objects to maintain mapping of in-segments to
   out-segments.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.6" href="#section-4.2.6">4.2.6</a>.  Pseudowire Modules</span>

   The pseudowire (PW) MIB architecture provides a layered modular model
   into which any supported emulated service such as Frame Relay, ATM,
   Ethernet, Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), and Synchronous Optical
   Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH) can be connected to
   any supported Packet Switched Network (PSN) type.  This MIB
   architecture is modeled based on PW3 architecture [<a href="./rfc3985" title="&quot;Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture&quot;">RFC3985</a>].

   The emulated service layer, generic PW layer, and PSN Virtual Circuit
   (VC) layer constitute the different layers of the model.  A
   combination of the MIB modules belonging to each layer provides the
   glue for mapping the emulated service onto the native PSN service.
   At least three MIB modules, each belonging to a different layer, are
   required to define a PW emulated service.

   -  The service-specific module is dependent on the emulated signal
      type and helps in modeling the emulated service layer.

   The PW-ENET-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5603" title="&quot;Ethernet Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5603</a>] describes a model for managing Ethernet
   pseudowire services for transmission over a PSN.  This MIB module is
   generic and common to all types of PSNs supported in the PWE3
   Architecture [<a href="./rfc3985" title="&quot;Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture&quot;">RFC3985</a>], which describes the transport and
   encapsulation of L1 and L2 services over supported PSN types.

   In particular, the MIB module associates a port or specific VLANs on
   top of a physical Ethernet port or a virtual Ethernet interface (for
   the Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS)) to a point-to-point PW.  It
   is complementary to the PW-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>], which manages the
   generic PW parameters common to all services, including all supported
   PSN types.



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   The PW-TDM-MIB [<a href="./rfc5604" title="&quot;Managed Objects for Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet Switched Networks (PSNs)&quot;">RFC5604</a>] describes a model for managing TDM
   pseudowires, i.e., TDM data encapsulated for transmission over a PSN.
   The term "TDM" in this document is limited to the scope of
   Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH).  It is currently specified to
   carry any TDM signals in either Structure Agnostic Transport mode
   (E1, T1, E3, and T3) or Structure Aware Transport mode (E1, T1, and
   NxDS0) as defined in the PWE3 TDM Requirements document [<a href="./rfc4197" title="&quot;Requirements for Edge-to-Edge Emulation of Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) Circuits over Packet Switching Networks&quot;">RFC4197</a>].

   -  The generic PW module configures general parameters of the PW that
      are common to all types of emulated services and PSN types.

   The PW-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>] defines a MIB module that can be used to
   manage PW services for transmission over a PSN [<a href="./rfc3931" title="&quot;Layer Two Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)&quot;">RFC3931</a>] [<a href="./rfc4447" title="&quot;Pseudowire Setup and Maintenance Using the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)&quot;">RFC4447</a>].
   This MIB module provides generic management of PWs that is common to
   all types of PSN and PW services defined by the IETF PWE3 Working
   Group.

   -  The PSN-specific module associates the PW with one or more
      "tunnels" that carry the service over the PSN.  There is a
      different module for each type of PSN.

   The PW-MPLS-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5602" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) over MPLS PSN Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5602</a>] describes a model for managing
   pseudowire services for transmission over different flavors of MPLS
   tunnels.  The generic PW MIB module [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>] defines the parameters
   global to the PW, regardless of the underlying PSN and emulated
   service.  This document is applicable for PWs that use the MPLS PSN
   type in the PW-STD-MIB.  Additionally, this document describes the
   MIB objects that define pseudowire association to the MPLS PSN that
   is not specific to the carried service.

   Together, [<a href="./rfc3811" title="&quot;Definitions of Textual Conventions (TCs) for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Management&quot;">RFC3811</a>], [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>], and [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] describe the modeling
   of an MPLS tunnel and a tunnel's underlying cross-connects.  This MIB
   module supports MPLS Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE) PSNs, non-TE MPLS
   PSNs (an outer tunnel created by the Label Distribution Protocol
   (LDP) or manually), and MPLS PW labels only (no outer tunnel).

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.7" href="#section-4.2.7">4.2.7</a>.  Routing and Traffic Engineering</span>

   In MPLS traffic engineering, it's possible to specify explicit routes
   or choose routes based on QoS metrics in setting up a path such that
   some specific data can be routed around network hot spots.  TE LSPs
   can be set up through a management plane or a control plane.

   The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>] describes managed objects for modeling
   MPLS [<a href="./rfc3031" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture&quot;">RFC3031</a>]-based traffic engineering.  This MIB module should be
   used in conjunction with the companion document [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] for MPLS-
   based traffic engineering configuration and management.




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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.8" href="#section-4.2.8">4.2.8</a>.  Resiliency</span>

   The purpose of MPLS resiliency is to ensure minimal interruption to
   traffic when a failure occurs within the system or network.

   Various components of MPLS resiliency solutions are as follows:

      1) Graceful restart in LDP and RSVP-TE modules

      2) Make before break

      3) Protection switching for LSPs

      4) Fast reroute for LSPs

      5) PW redundancy

   The MIB modules below only support MIB-based management for MPLS
   resiliency.

   MPLS Fast Reroute (FRR) is a restoration network resiliency mechanism
   used in MPLS TE to redirect traffic onto the backup LSPs in tens of
   milliseconds in case of link or node failure across the LSP.

   The MPLS-FRR-GENERAL-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc6445" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base for Fast Reroute&quot;">RFC6445</a>] contains objects that apply to
   any MPLS LSR implementing MPLS TE fast-reroute functionality.

   The MPLS-FRR-ONE2ONE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc6445" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base for Fast Reroute&quot;">RFC6445</a>] contains objects that apply to
   the one-to-one backup method.

   The MPLS-FRR-FACILITY-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc6445" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base for Fast Reroute&quot;">RFC6445</a>] contains objects that apply
   to the facility backup method.

   Protection switching mechanisms have been designed to provide network
   resiliency for MPLS networks.  Different types of protection
   switching mechanisms, such as 1:1, 1:N, and 1+1, have been designed.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.9" href="#section-4.2.9">4.2.9</a>.  Fault Management and Performance Management</span>

   MPLS manages LSP and pseudowire faults through the use of LSP ping
   [<a href="./rfc4379" title="&quot;Detecting Multi-Protocol Label Switched (MPLS) Data Plane Failures&quot;">RFC4379</a>], Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV)
   [<a href="./rfc5085" title="&quot;Pseudowire Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV): A Control Channel for Pseudowires&quot;">RFC5085</a>], Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for LSPs
   [<a href="./rfc5884" title="&quot;Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for MPLS Label Switched Paths (LSPs)&quot;">RFC5884</a>], and BFD for VCCV [<a href="./rfc5885" title="&quot;Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for the Pseudowire Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV)&quot;">RFC5885</a>] tools.

   MPLS currently focuses on in and/or out packet counters, errored
   packets, and discontinuity time.





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   Some of the MPLS and pseudowire performance tables used for
   performance management are given below.

   The mplsTunnelPerfTable [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>] provides several counters (e.g.,
   packets forwarded, packets dropped because of errors) to measure the
   performance of the MPLS tunnels.

   The mplsInterfacePerfTable [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] provides performance information
   (incoming and outgoing labels in use, and lookup failures) on a
   per-interface basis.

   The mplsInSegmentPerfTable [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] contains statistical information
   (total packets received by the in-segment, total errored packets
   received, total packets discarded, discontinuity time) for incoming
   MPLS segments to an LSR.

   The mplsOutSegmentPerfTable [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] contains statistical
   information (total packets received, total errored packets received,
   total packets discarded, discontinuity time) for outgoing MPLS
   segments from an LSR.

   The mplsFTNPerfTable [<a href="./rfc3814" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Equivalence Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (FEC-To-NHLFE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3814</a>] contains performance information for
   the specified interface and an FTN entry mapped to this interface.

   The mplsLdpEntityStatsTable [<a href="./rfc3815" title="&quot;Definitions of Managed Objects for the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)&quot;">RFC3815</a>] and mplsLdpSessionStatsTable
   [<a href="./rfc3815" title="&quot;Definitions of Managed Objects for the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)&quot;">RFC3815</a>] contain statistical information (session attempts, errored
   packets, notifications) about an LDP entity.

   The pwPerfCurrentTable [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>], pwPerfIntervalTable [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>], and
   pwPerf1DayIntervalTable [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>] provide pseudowire performance
   information (in and/or out packets) based on time (current interval,
   preconfigured specific interval, 1-day interval).

   The pwEnetStatsTable [<a href="./rfc5603" title="&quot;Ethernet Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5603</a>] contains statistical counters specific
   for Ethernet PW.

   The pwTDMPerfCurrentTable [<a href="./rfc5604" title="&quot;Managed Objects for Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet Switched Networks (PSNs)&quot;">RFC5604</a>], pwTDMPerfIntervalTable
   [<a href="./rfc5604" title="&quot;Managed Objects for Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet Switched Networks (PSNs)&quot;">RFC5604</a>], and pwTDMPerf1DayIntervalTable [<a href="./rfc5604" title="&quot;Managed Objects for Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet Switched Networks (PSNs)&quot;">RFC5604</a>] contain
   statistical information accumulated per 15-minute, 24-hour, and 1-day
   periods, respectively.

   The gmplsTunnelErrorTable [<a href="./rfc4802" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4802</a>] and gmplsTunnelReversePerfTable
   [<a href="./rfc4802" title="&quot;Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Traffic Engineering Management Information Base&quot;">RFC4802</a>] provide information about performance, errored packets, and
   in/out packet counters.







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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.10" href="#section-4.2.10">4.2.10</a>.  MIB Module Interdependencies</span>

   This section provides an overview of the relationship between the
   MPLS MIB modules for managing MPLS networks.  More details of these
   relationships are given below.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4221">RFC4221</a>] mainly focuses on MPLS MIB module interdependencies.  This
   section also highlights GMPLS and PW MIB module interdependencies.

   The relationship "A --&gt; B" means that A depends on B and that MIB
   module A uses an object, object identifier, or Textual Convention
   defined in MIB module B, or that MIB module A contains a pointer
   (index or RowPointer) to an object in MIB module B.






































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   +-------&gt; MPLS-TC-STD-MIB &lt;-----------------------------------------+
   ^            ^                                                      ^
   |            |                                                      |
   |         MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB &lt;--------------------------------+       |
   |                                                           ^       |
   |                                                           |       |
   +&lt;----------------------- MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB ----------------&gt;+       |
   ^                                    ^                      ^       |
   |                                    |                      |       |
   +&lt;-- MPLS-LDP-GENERIC-STD-MIB ------&gt;+                      |       |
   ^                                                           |       |
   |                                                           |       |
   +&lt;------ MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB ---------------------------------&gt;+       |
   ^                 |                                         ^       |
   |                 V                                         |       |
   +&lt;------------- MPLS-TE-STD-MIB --&gt;+-----------------------&gt;+       |
                                      ^  GMPLS-TC-STD-MIB ------------&gt;+
                                      |    ^                           ^
                                      |    |                           |
                                  +---+    +&lt;-- GMPLS-LABEL-STD-MIB --&gt;+
                                  ^   ^    ^      ^                    ^
                                  |   |    |      |                    |
   +----&gt; PW-TC-STD-MIB           |  GMPLS-LSR-STD-MIB ---------------&gt;+
   ^                              |      ^       ^                     ^
   |                              |      |       |                     |
   |   IANA-PWE3-MIB              |      |       | IANA-GMPLS-TC-MIB   |
   |         ^                    |      |       |    ^                |
   |         |                    |      |       |    |                |
   |         |                    +&lt;--- GMPLS-TE-STD-MIB -------------&gt;+
   |         |                    ^                                    ^
   +&lt;--- PW-STD-MIB &lt;------+      |                                    |
   ^                       ^      |                                    |
   |                       |      |                                    |
   +&lt;--- PW-ENET-STD-MIB -&gt;+      |                                    |
   ^                       ^      |                                    |
   |                       |      |                                    |
   |                       |      |                                    |
   +&lt;---------------- PW-MPLS-STD-MIB---------------------------------&gt;+

   Thus,

   -  All the MPLS MIB modules depend on the MPLS-TC-STD-MIB.

   -  All the GMPLS MIB modules depend on the GMPLS-TC-STD-MIB.

   -  All the PW MIB modules depend on the PW-TC-STD-MIB.





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   -  The MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB, MPLS-TE-STD-MIB, MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB,
      GMPLS-LSR-STD-MIB, and PW-MPLS-STD-MIB contain references to
      objects in the MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB.

   -  The MPLS-LDP-GENERIC-STD-MIB contains references to objects in the
      MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB.

   -  The MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB, PW-MPLS-STD-MIB, and GMPLS-TE-STD-MIB
      contain references to objects in the MPLS-TE-STD-MIB.

   -  The PW-MPLS-STD-MIB and PW-ENET-STD-MIB contain references to
      objects in the PW-STD-MIB.

   -  The PW-STD-MIB contains references to objects in the
      IANA-PWE3-MIB.

   -  The GMPLS-TE-STD-MIB contains references to objects in the
      IANA-GMPLS-TC-MIB.

   -  The GMPLS-LSR-STD-MIB contains references to objects in the
      GMPLS-LABEL-STD-MIB.

   Note that there is a Textual Convention (MplsIndexType) defined in
   the MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB that is imported by the MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.11" href="#section-4.2.11">4.2.11</a>.  Dependencies on External MIB Modules</span>

   With the exception of the MPLS-TC-STD-MIB, all the MPLS MIB modules
   have dependencies on the Interfaces MIB (also called the Interfaces
   Group MIB or the IF-MIB) [<a href="./rfc2863" title="&quot;The Interfaces Group MIB&quot;">RFC2863</a>].  The MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB references
   IP-capable interfaces on which received traffic is to be classified
   using indexes in the Interfaces Table (ifTable) of the IF-MIB
   [<a href="./rfc2863" title="&quot;The Interfaces Group MIB&quot;">RFC2863</a>].  The other MPLS MIB modules reference MPLS-capable
   interfaces in the ifTable.

   The IF-MIB [<a href="./rfc2863" title="&quot;The Interfaces Group MIB&quot;">RFC2863</a>] defines generic managed objects for managing
   interfaces.  The MPLS MIB modules contain media-specific extensions
   to the Interfaces Group for managing MPLS interfaces.

   The MPLS MIB modules assume the interpretation of the Interfaces
   Group to be in accordance with [<a href="./rfc2863" title="&quot;The Interfaces Group MIB&quot;">RFC2863</a>], which states that the
   ifTable contains information on the managed resource's interfaces and
   that each sub-layer below the internetwork layer of a network
   interface is considered an interface.  Thus, the MPLS interface is
   represented as an entry in the ifTable.

   The interrelation of entries in the ifTable is defined by the
   Interface Stack Group defined in [<a href="./rfc2863" title="&quot;The Interfaces Group MIB&quot;">RFC2863</a>].



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   The MPLS MIB modules have dependencies on the TE-LINK-STD-MIB for
   maintaining traffic engineering information.

   The MPLS MIB modules depend on the Constrained Shortest Path First
   (CSPF) component to obtain the path required for an MPLS tunnel to
   reach the end point of the tunnel, and on the BFD component to verify
   data-plane failures of LSPs and PWs.

   Finally, all of the MIB modules import standard Textual Conventions
   such as integers, strings, timestamps, etc., from the MIB modules in
   which they are defined.

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-5" href="#section-5">5</a>.  Applicability of MPLS MIB Modules to MPLS-TP</span>

   This section highlights gaps in existing MPLS MIB modules in order to
   determine extensions or additional MIB modules that are required to
   support MPLS-TP in MPLS networks.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5951">RFC5951</a>] specifies the requirements for the management of equipment
   used in networks supporting MPLS-TP.  It also details the essential
   network management capabilities for operating networks consisting of
   MPLS-TP equipment.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5950">RFC5950</a>] provides the network management framework for MPLS-TP.  The
   document explains how network elements and networks that support
   MPLS-TP can be managed using solutions that satisfy the requirements
   defined in [<a href="./rfc5951" title="&quot;Network Management Requirements for MPLS-based Transport Networks&quot;">RFC5951</a>].  The relationship between MPLS-TP management
   and OAM is described in the MPLS-TP framework document [<a href="./rfc5950" title="&quot;Network Management Framework for MPLS-based Transport Networks&quot;">RFC5950</a>].

   The MPLS MIB documents MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>], PW-STD-MIB
   [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>], and MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>], and their associated MIB
   modules, are reused for MPLS-based transport network management.

   Fault management and performance management form key parts of the OAM
   function.  MPLS-TP OAM is described in [<a href="./rfc6371" title="&quot;Operations, Administration, and Maintenance Framework for MPLS-Based Transport Networks&quot;">RFC6371</a>].
















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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.1" href="#section-5.1">5.1</a>.  MPLS-TP Tunnel</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.1.1" href="#section-5.1.1">5.1.1</a>.  Gap Analysis</span>

   An MPLS-TP tunnel can be operated over IP and/or ITU-T Carrier Code
   (ICC) environments.  The points below capture the gaps in existing
   MPLS MIB modules for managing MPLS-TP networks.

   -  IP-based environment

       i. The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>] does not support the tunnel
          Ingress/Egress identifier based on Global_ID and Node_ID
          [<a href="./rfc6370" title="&quot;MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) Identifiers&quot;">RFC6370</a>].

      ii. The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>] does not support
          co-routed/associated bidirectional tunnel configurations.

   -  ICC-based environment

       i. The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>] does not support the tunnel LSR
          identifier based on ICC.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.1.2" href="#section-5.1.2">5.1.2</a>.  Recommendations</span>

   -  New MIB definitions may be created for Global_Node_ID and/or ICC
      configurations.

   -  The MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3813" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3813</a>] module may be enhanced to identify
      the next hop based on a Media Access Control (MAC) address for
      environments that do not use IP.  The mplsOutSegmentTable may be
      extended to hold the MAC address.

   -  The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>] and MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB may be enhanced
      to provide static and signaling MIB module extensions for
      co-routed/associated bidirectional LSPs.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.2" href="#section-5.2">5.2</a>.  MPLS-TP Pseudowire</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.2.1" href="#section-5.2.1">5.2.1</a>.  Gap Analysis</span>

   MPLS-TP pseudowire can be operated over IP and/or ICC environments.
   The points below capture the gaps in existing PW MIB modules for
   managing MPLS-TP networks.

   [<a id="ref-RFC6370">RFC6370</a>] specifies an initial set of identifiers to be used in
   MPLS-TP.  These identifiers were chosen to be compatible with
   existing MPLS, GMPLS, and PW definitions.




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   -  IP-based environment

       i. The PW-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>] does not support the PW end point
          identifier based on Global_ID and Node_ID.

      ii. The PW-MPLS-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5602" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) over MPLS PSN Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5602</a>] does not support operation over
          co-routed/associated bidirectional tunnels.

   -  ICC-based environment

       i. The PW-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>] does not support the PW end point
          identifier based on ICC.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.2.2" href="#section-5.2.2">5.2.2</a>.  Recommendations</span>

   -  The PW-MPLS-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5602" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) over MPLS PSN Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5602</a>] can be enhanced to operate over
      co-routed/associated bidirectional tunnels.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.3" href="#section-5.3">5.3</a>.  MPLS-TP Sections</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.3.1" href="#section-5.3.1">5.3.1</a>.  Gap Analysis</span>

   The existing MPLS MIB modules do not support MPLS-TP sections.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.3.2" href="#section-5.3.2">5.3.2</a>.  Recommendations</span>

   Link-specific and/or path/segment-specific sections can be supported
   by enhancing the IF-MIB [<a href="./rfc2863" title="&quot;The Interfaces Group MIB&quot;">RFC2863</a>], MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc3812" title="&quot;Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC3812</a>], and
   PW-STD-MIB [<a href="./rfc5601" title="&quot;Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)&quot;">RFC5601</a>] MIB modules.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.4" href="#section-5.4">5.4</a>.  MPLS-TP OAM</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.4.1" href="#section-5.4.1">5.4.1</a>.  Gap Analysis</span>

   MPLS manages LSP and pseudowire faults through LSP ping [<a href="./rfc4379" title="&quot;Detecting Multi-Protocol Label Switched (MPLS) Data Plane Failures&quot;">RFC4379</a>],
   VCCV [<a href="./rfc5085" title="&quot;Pseudowire Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV): A Control Channel for Pseudowires&quot;">RFC5085</a>], BFD for LSPs [<a href="./rfc5884" title="&quot;Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for MPLS Label Switched Paths (LSPs)&quot;">RFC5884</a>], and BFD for VCCV [<a href="./rfc5885" title="&quot;Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for the Pseudowire Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV)&quot;">RFC5885</a>]
   tools.

   The MPLS MIB modules do not support the following MPLS-TP OAM
   functions:

   o  Continuity Check and Connectivity Verification

   o  Remote Defect Indication

   o  Alarm Reporting

   o  Lock Reporting



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   o  Lock Instruct

   o  Client Failure Indication

   o  Packet Loss Measurement

   o  Packet Delay Measurement

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.4.2" href="#section-5.4.2">5.4.2</a>.  Recommendations</span>

   New MIB module for BFD can be created to address all the gaps
   mentioned in <a href="#section-5.4.1">Section 5.4.1</a>.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.5" href="#section-5.5">5.5</a>.  MPLS-TP Protection Switching and Recovery</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.5.1" href="#section-5.5.1">5.5.1</a>.  Gap Analysis</span>

   An important aspect that MPLS-TP technology provides is protection
   switching.  In general, the mechanism of protection switching can be
   described as the substitution of a protection or standby facility for
   a working or primary facility.

   The MPLS MIB modules do not provide support for protection switching
   and recovery in the following three topologies: linear, ring, and
   mesh.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.5.2" href="#section-5.5.2">5.5.2</a>.  Recommendations</span>

   New MIB modules can be created to address all the gaps mentioned in
   <a href="#section-5.5.1">Section 5.5.1</a>.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.6" href="#section-5.6">5.6</a>.  MPLS-TP Interfaces</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.6.1" href="#section-5.6.1">5.6.1</a>.  Gap Analysis</span>

   As per [<a href="./rfc6370" title="&quot;MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) Identifiers&quot;">RFC6370</a>], an LSR requires identification of the node itself
   and of its interfaces.  An interface is the attachment point to a
   server layer MPLS-TP section or MPLS-TP tunnel.

   The MPLS MIB modules do not provide support for configuring the
   interfaces within the context of an operator.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-5.6.2" href="#section-5.6.2">5.6.2</a>.  Recommendations</span>

   New MIB definitions can be created to address the gaps mentioned in
   <a href="#section-5.6.1">Section 5.6.1</a>.





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<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-6" href="#section-6">6</a>.  An Introduction to the MPLS-TP MIB Modules</span>

   This section highlights new MIB modules that have been identified as
   being required for MPLS-TP.  This section also provides an overview
   of the purpose of each MIB module within the MIB documents, what it
   can be used for, and how it relates to the other MIB modules.

   Note that each new MIB module (apart from Textual Conventions
   modules) will contain one or more Compliance Statements to indicate
   which objects must be supported in what manner to claim a specific
   level of compliance.  Additional text, either in the documents that
   define the MIB modules or in separate Applicability Statements, will
   define which Compliance Statements need to be conformed to in order
   to provide specific MPLS-TP functionality.  This document does not
   set any requirements in that respect, although some recommendations
   are included in the sections that follow.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.1" href="#section-6.1">6.1</a>.  MPLS-TP MIB Modules</span>

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.1.1" href="#section-6.1.1">6.1.1</a>.  New MIB Modules for MPLS-TP</span>

   Four new MIB modules are identified as follows:

   -  Textual Conventions for MPLS-TP

   -  Identifiers for MPLS-TP

   -  LSR MIB Extensions for MPLS-TP

   -  Tunnel Extensions for MPLS-TP

   Note that the MIB modules mentioned here are applicable for MPLS
   operations as well.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.1.2" href="#section-6.1.2">6.1.2</a>.  Textual Conventions for MPLS-TP</span>

   A new MIB module needs to be written that will define Textual
   Conventions [<a href="./rfc2579" title="&quot;Textual Conventions for SMIv2&quot;">RFC2579</a>] for MPLS-TP-related MIB modules.  These
   conventions allow multiple MIB modules to use the same syntax and
   format to provide a concept that is shared between the MIB modules.

   For example, a Maintenance Entity Group End Point (MEP) identifier is
   used to identify a maintenance entity group end point within MPLS-TP
   networks.  The Textual Convention representing the MEP identifier
   should be defined in a new Textual Convention MIB module.

   All new extensions related to MPLS-TP are defined in the MIB module
   and will be referenced by other MIB modules to support MPLS-TP.



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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.1.3" href="#section-6.1.3">6.1.3</a>.  Identifiers for MPLS-TP</span>

   New identifiers describe managed objects that are used to model
   common MPLS-TP identifiers [<a href="./rfc6370" title="&quot;MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) Identifiers&quot;">RFC6370</a>].

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.1.4" href="#section-6.1.4">6.1.4</a>.  LSR MIB Extensions for MPLS-TP</span>

   The MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB describes managed objects for modeling an MPLS
   LSR.  This puts it at the heart of the management architecture for
   MPLS.

   In the case of MPLS-TP, the MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB is extended to support
   MPLS-TP LSPs, which are co-routed or associated bidirectionally.
   This extended MIB is also applicable for modeling MPLS-TP tunnels.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.1.5" href="#section-6.1.5">6.1.5</a>.  Tunnel Extensions for MPLS-TP</span>

   The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB describes managed objects that are used to model
   and manage MPLS-TE tunnels.

   MPLS-TP tunnels are very similar to MPLS-TE tunnels but are co-routed
   or associated bidirectionally.

   The MPLS-TE-STD-MIB must be extended to support the MPLS-TP-specific
   attributes for the tunnel.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.2" href="#section-6.2">6.2</a>.  PWE3 MIB Modules for MPLS-TP</span>

   This section provides an overview of pseudowire-extension MIB modules
   used to meet MPLS-based transport network requirements.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.2.1" href="#section-6.2.1">6.2.1</a>.  New MIB Modules for MPLS-TP Pseudowires</span>

   Three new MIB modules are identified as follows:

   -  Pseudowire Textual Conventions for MPLS-TP

   -  Pseudowire Extensions for MPLS-TP

   -  Pseudowire MPLS Extensions for MPLS-TP

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.2.2" href="#section-6.2.2">6.2.2</a>.  Pseudowire Textual Conventions for MPLS-TP</span>

   The PW-TC-STD-MIB defines Textual Conventions used for PW technology
   and for PWE3 MIB modules.  A new Textual Convention MIB module is
   required to define textual definitions for MPLS-TP-specific
   pseudowire attributes.




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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.2.3" href="#section-6.2.3">6.2.3</a>.  Pseudowire Extensions for MPLS-TP</span>

   The PW-STD-MIB describes managed objects for the modeling of
   pseudowire edge-to-edge services carried over a general PSN.  This
   MIB module is extended to support MPLS-TP-specific attributes related
   to pseudowires.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.2.4" href="#section-6.2.4">6.2.4</a>.  Pseudowire MPLS Extensions for MPLS-TP</span>

   The PW-MPLS-STD-MIB defines the managed objects for pseudowire
   operations over MPLS LSRs.  This MIB module supports

   -  manually and dynamically signaled PWs

   -  point-to-point connections

   -  the use of any emulated service

   -  outer tunnels provisioned using MPLS-TE

   -  PWs with no outer tunnel

   An extended MIB module would define additional objects, extending the
   PW-MPLS-STD-MIB by continuing to support configurations that operate
   with or without an outer tunnel.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.3" href="#section-6.3">6.3</a>.  OAM MIB Modules for MPLS-TP</span>

   This section provides an overview of Operations, Administration, and
   Maintenance (OAM) MIB modules for MPLS LSPs and pseudowires.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.3.1" href="#section-6.3.1">6.3.1</a>.  New MIB Modules for OAM for MPLS-TP</span>

   Two new MIB modules are identified as follows:

   -  BFD MIB module

   -  OAM MIB module

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.3.2" href="#section-6.3.2">6.3.2</a>.  BFD MIB Module</span>

   The BFD-STD-MIB defines managed objects for performing BFD operations
   in IP networks.  This MIB module is modeled to support the BFD
   protocol [<a href="./rfc5880" title="&quot;Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)&quot;">RFC5880</a>].

   A new MIB module needs to be written that will be an extension to
   BFD-STD-MIB managed objects to support BFD operations on MPLS LSPs
   and PWs.



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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.3.3" href="#section-6.3.3">6.3.3</a>.  OAM MIB Module</span>

   A new MIB module needs to be written that will define managed objects
   for OAM maintenance identifiers, i.e., Maintenance Entity Group (MEG)
   identifiers, the MEP, and the Maintenance Entity Group Intermediate
   Point (MIP).  Maintenance points are uniquely associated with a MEG.
   Within the context of a MEG, MEPs and MIPs must be uniquely
   identified.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.4" href="#section-6.4">6.4</a>.  Protection Switching and Recovery MIB Modules for MPLS-TP</span>

   This section provides an overview of protection switching and
   recovery MIB modules for MPLS LSPs and pseudowires.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.4.1" href="#section-6.4.1">6.4.1</a>.  New MIB Modules for MPLS Protection Switching and Recovery</span>

   Three new MIB modules are identified as follows:

   -  Linear Protection Switching MIB module

   -  Ring Protection Switching MIB module

   -  Mesh Protection Switching MIB module

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.4.2" href="#section-6.4.2">6.4.2</a>.  Linear Protection Switching MIB Module</span>

   A new MIB module needs to be written that will define managed objects
   for linear protection switching of MPLS LSPs and pseudowires.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.4.3" href="#section-6.4.3">6.4.3</a>.  Ring Protection Switching MIB Module</span>

   A new MIB module needs to be written that will define managed objects
   for ring protection switching of MPLS LSPs and pseudowires.

<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-6.4.4" href="#section-6.4.4">6.4.4</a>.  Mesh Protection Switching MIB Module</span>

   A new MIB module needs to be written that will define managed objects
   for mesh protection switching of MPLS LSPs and pseudowires.

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-7" href="#section-7">7</a>.  Management Options</span>

   This document applies only to scenarios where MIB modules are used to
   manage the MPLS-TP network.  It is not the intention of this document
   to provide instructions or advice to implementers of management
   systems, management agents, or managed entities.  It is, however,
   useful to make some observations about how the MIB modules described
   above might be used to manage MPLS systems, if SNMP is used in the
   management interface.



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   For MPLS-specific management options, refer to <a href="./rfc4221#section-12">[RFC4221] Section&nbsp;12</a>
   ("Management Options").

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-8" href="#section-8">8</a>.  Security Considerations</span>

   This document describes the interrelationships amongst the different
   MIB modules relevant to MPLS-TP management and as such does not have
   any security implications in and of itself.

   Each IETF MIB document that specifies MIB objects for MPLS-TP must
   provide a proper Security Considerations section that explains the
   security aspects of those objects.

   The attention of readers is particularly drawn to the security
   implications of making MIB objects available for create or write
   access through an access protocol such as SNMP.  SNMPv1 by itself is
   an insecure environment.  Even if the network itself is made secure
   (for example, by using IPsec), there is no control over who on the
   secure network is allowed to access the objects in the MIB module.
   It is recommended that the implementers consider the security
   features as provided by the SNMPv3 framework.  Specifically, the use
   of the User-based Security Model STD 62, <a href="./rfc3414">RFC 3414</a> [<a href="./rfc3414" title="&quot;User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)&quot;">RFC3414</a>], and the
   View-based Access Control Model STD 62, <a href="./rfc3415">RFC 3415</a> [<a href="./rfc3415" title="&quot;View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)&quot;">RFC3415</a>], is
   recommended.

   It is then a customer/user responsibility to ensure that the SNMP
   entity giving access to an instance of each MIB module is properly
   configured to give access to only those objects, and to those
   principals (users) that have legitimate rights to access them.

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-9" href="#section-9">9</a>.  IANA Considerations</span>

   This document has identified areas where additional MIB modules are
   necessary for MPLS-TP.  The new MIB modules recommended by this
   document will require OID assignments from IANA.  However, this
   document makes no specific request for IANA action.

<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-10" href="#section-10">10</a>.  Acknowledgements</span>

   The authors would like to thank Eric Gray, Thomas Nadeau, Benjamin
   Niven-Jenkins, Saravanan Narasimhan, Joel Halpern, David Harrington,
   and Stephen Farrell for their valuable comments.

   This document also benefited from review by participants in ITU-T
   Study Group 15.






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<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-11" href="#section-11">11</a>.  Contributors' Addresses</span>

   Adrian Farrel
   Old Dog Consulting
   UK

   EMail: adrian@olddog.co.uk


   Scott Mansfield
   Ericsson
   300 Holger Way
   San Jose, CA  95134
   US

   Phone: +1 724 931 9316
   EMail: scott.mansfield@ericsson.com


   Jeong-dong Ryoo
   ETRI
   161 Gajeong, Yuseong
   Daejeon, 305-700
   South Korea

   Phone: +82 42 860 5384
   EMail: ryoo@etri.re.kr


   A S Kiran Koushik
   Cisco Systems Inc.

   EMail: kkoushik@cisco.com


   A. Karmakar
   Cisco Systems Inc.

   EMail: akarmaka@cisco.com


   Sam Aldrin
   Huawei Technologies Co.
   2330 Central Expressway
   Santa Clara, CA  95051
   USA

   EMail: aldrin.ietf@gmail.com



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<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-12" href="#section-12">12</a>.  References</span>

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-12.1" href="#section-12.1">12.1</a>.  Normative References</span>

   [<a id="ref-RFC2863">RFC2863</a>]   McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group
               MIB", <a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a>, June 2000.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3811">RFC3811</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and J. Cucchiara, Ed., "Definitions of
               Textual Conventions (TCs) for Multiprotocol Label
               Switching (MPLS) Management", <a href="./rfc3811">RFC 3811</a>, June 2004.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3812">RFC3812</a>]   Srinivasan, C., Viswanathan, A., and T. Nadeau,
               "Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering
               (TE) Management Information Base (MIB)", <a href="./rfc3812">RFC 3812</a>,
               June 2004.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3813">RFC3813</a>]   Srinivasan, C., Viswanathan, A., and T. Nadeau,
               "Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching
               Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB)",
               <a href="./rfc3813">RFC 3813</a>, June 2004.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3814">RFC3814</a>]   Nadeau, T., Srinivasan, C., and A. Viswanathan,
               "Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding
               Equivalence Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry
               (FEC-To-NHLFE) Management Information Base (MIB)",
               <a href="./rfc3814">RFC 3814</a>, June 2004.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3815">RFC3815</a>]   Cucchiara, J., Sjostrand, H., and J. Luciani,
               "Definitions of Managed Objects for the Multiprotocol
               Label Switching (MPLS), Label Distribution Protocol
               (LDP)", <a href="./rfc3815">RFC 3815</a>, June 2004.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4220">RFC4220</a>]   Dubuc, M., Nadeau, T., and J. Lang, "Traffic Engineering
               Link Management Information Base", <a href="./rfc4220">RFC 4220</a>,
               November 2005.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4221">RFC4221</a>]   Nadeau, T., Srinivasan, C., and A. Farrel, "Multiprotocol
               Label Switching (MPLS) Management Overview", <a href="./rfc4221">RFC 4221</a>,
               November 2005.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4801">RFC4801</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and A. Farrel, Ed., "Definitions of
               Textual Conventions for Generalized Multiprotocol Label
               Switching (GMPLS) Management", <a href="./rfc4801">RFC 4801</a>, February 2007.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4802">RFC4802</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and A. Farrel, Ed., "Generalized
               Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Traffic Engineering
               Management Information Base", <a href="./rfc4802">RFC 4802</a>, February 2007.




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   [<a id="ref-RFC4803">RFC4803</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and A. Farrel, Ed., "Generalized
               Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Label Switching
               Router (LSR) Management Information Base", <a href="./rfc4803">RFC 4803</a>,
               February 2007.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5542">RFC5542</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., Zelig, D., Ed., and O. Nicklass, Ed.,
               "Definitions of Textual Conventions for Pseudowire (PW)
               Management", <a href="./rfc5542">RFC 5542</a>, May 2009.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5601">RFC5601</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and D. Zelig, Ed., "Pseudowire (PW)
               Management Information Base (MIB)", <a href="./rfc5601">RFC 5601</a>, July 2009.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5602">RFC5602</a>]   Zelig, D., Ed., and T. Nadeau, Ed., "Pseudowire (PW) over
               MPLS PSN Management Information Base (MIB)", <a href="./rfc5602">RFC 5602</a>,
               July 2009.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5603">RFC5603</a>]   Zelig, D., Ed., and T. Nadeau, Ed., "Ethernet Pseudowire
               (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)", <a href="./rfc5603">RFC 5603</a>,
               July 2009.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5604">RFC5604</a>]   Nicklass, O., "Managed Objects for Time Division
               Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet Switched Networks (PSNs)",
               <a href="./rfc5604">RFC 5604</a>, July 2009.

<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-12.2" href="#section-12.2">12.2</a>.  Informative References</span>

   [<a id="ref-RFC2578">RFC2578</a>]   McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
               Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information
               Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, <a href="./rfc2578">RFC 2578</a>, April 1999.

   [<a id="ref-RFC2579">RFC2579</a>]   McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
               Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2",
               STD 58, <a href="./rfc2579">RFC 2579</a>, April 1999.

   [<a id="ref-RFC2580">RFC2580</a>]   McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
               Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Conformance Statements for SMIv2",
               STD 58, <a href="./rfc2580">RFC 2580</a>, April 1999.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3031">RFC3031</a>]   Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A., and R. Callon, "Multiprotocol
               Label Switching Architecture", <a href="./rfc3031">RFC 3031</a>, January 2001.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3410">RFC3410</a>]   Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart,
               "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet-
               Standard Management Framework", <a href="./rfc3410">RFC 3410</a>, December 2002.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3414">RFC3414</a>]   Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model
               (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management
               Protocol (SNMPv3)", STD 62, <a href="./rfc3414">RFC 3414</a>, December 2002.



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   [<a id="ref-RFC3415">RFC3415</a>]   Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R., and K. McCloghrie, "View-based
               Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network
               Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62, <a href="./rfc3415">RFC 3415</a>,
               December 2002.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3931">RFC3931</a>]   Lau, J., Ed., Townsley, M., Ed., and I. Goyret, Ed.,
               "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)",
               <a href="./rfc3931">RFC 3931</a>, March 2005.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3945">RFC3945</a>]   Mannie, E., Ed., "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label
               Switching (GMPLS) Architecture", <a href="./rfc3945">RFC 3945</a>, October 2004.

   [<a id="ref-RFC3985">RFC3985</a>]   Bryant, S., Ed., and P. Pate, Ed., "Pseudo Wire Emulation
               Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture", <a href="./rfc3985">RFC 3985</a>, March 2005.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4197">RFC4197</a>]   Riegel, M., Ed., "Requirements for Edge-to-Edge Emulation
               of Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) Circuits over Packet
               Switching Networks", <a href="./rfc4197">RFC 4197</a>, October 2005.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4377">RFC4377</a>]   Nadeau, T., Morrow, M., Swallow, G., Allan, D., and S.
               Matsushima, "Operations and Management (OAM) Requirements
               for Multi-Protocol Label Switched (MPLS) Networks",
               <a href="./rfc4377">RFC 4377</a>, February 2006.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4378">RFC4378</a>]   Allan, D., Ed., and T. Nadeau, Ed., "A Framework for
               Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Operations and
               Management (OAM)", <a href="./rfc4378">RFC 4378</a>, February 2006.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4379">RFC4379</a>]   Kompella, K. and G. Swallow, "Detecting Multi-Protocol
               Label Switched (MPLS) Data Plane Failures", <a href="./rfc4379">RFC 4379</a>,
               February 2006.

   [<a id="ref-RFC4447">RFC4447</a>]   Martini, L., Ed., Rosen, E., El-Aawar, N., Smith, T., and
               G. Heron, "Pseudowire Setup and Maintenance Using the
               Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)", <a href="./rfc4447">RFC 4447</a>, April 2006.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5085">RFC5085</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Pseudowire
               Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV): A
               Control Channel for Pseudowires", <a href="./rfc5085">RFC 5085</a>,
               December 2007.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5654">RFC5654</a>]   Niven-Jenkins, B., Ed., Brungard, D., Ed., Betts, M.,
               Ed., Sprecher, N., and S. Ueno, "Requirements of an MPLS
               Transport Profile", <a href="./rfc5654">RFC 5654</a>, September 2009.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5880">RFC5880</a>]   Katz, D. and D. Ward, "Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
               (BFD)", <a href="./rfc5880">RFC 5880</a>, June 2010.




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   [<a id="ref-RFC5884">RFC5884</a>]   Aggarwal, R., Kompella, K., Nadeau, T., and G. Swallow,
               "Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for MPLS Label
               Switched Paths (LSPs)", <a href="./rfc5884">RFC 5884</a>, June 2010.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5885">RFC5885</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Bidirectional
               Forwarding Detection (BFD) for the Pseudowire Virtual
               Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV)", <a href="./rfc5885">RFC 5885</a>,
               June 2010.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5950">RFC5950</a>]   Mansfield, S., Ed., Gray, E., Ed., and K. Lam, Ed.,
               "Network Management Framework for MPLS-based Transport
               Networks", <a href="./rfc5950">RFC 5950</a>, September 2010.

   [<a id="ref-RFC5951">RFC5951</a>]   Lam, K., Mansfield, S., and E. Gray, "Network Management
               Requirements for MPLS-based Transport Networks",
               <a href="./rfc5951">RFC 5951</a>, September 2010.

   [<a id="ref-RFC6370">RFC6370</a>]   Bocci, M., Swallow, G., and E. Gray, "MPLS Transport
               Profile (MPLS-TP) Identifiers", <a href="./rfc6370">RFC 6370</a>, September 2011.

   [<a id="ref-RFC6371">RFC6371</a>]   Busi, I., Ed., and D. Allan, Ed., "Operations,
               Administration, and Maintenance Framework for MPLS-Based
               Transport Networks", <a href="./rfc6371">RFC 6371</a>, September 2011.

   [<a id="ref-RFC6445">RFC6445</a>]   Nadeau, T., Ed., Koushik, A., Ed., and R. Cetin, Ed.,
               "Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering
               Management Information Base for Fast Reroute", <a href="./rfc6445">RFC 6445</a>,
               November 2011.

Authors' Addresses

   Daniel King (editor)
   Old Dog Consulting
   UK

   EMail: daniel@olddog.co.uk


   Venkatesan Mahalingam (editor)
   Aricent
   India

   EMail: venkat.mahalingams@gmail.com








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