/*=========================================================================
 *
 *  Copyright UMC Utrecht and contributors
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 *=========================================================================*/
/*=========================================================================

  Program:   Insight Segmentation & Registration Toolkit
  Module:    $RCSfile: itkIdentityTransform.h,v $
  Date:      $Date: 2009-06-28 14:41:47 $
  Version:   $Revision: 1.19 $

  Copyright (c) Insight Software Consortium. All rights reserved.
  See ITKCopyright.txt or http://www.itk.org/HTML/Copyright.htm for details.

     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notices for more information.

=========================================================================*/
#ifndef itkAdvancedIdentityTransform_h
#define itkAdvancedIdentityTransform_h

#include "itkObject.h"
#include "itkPoint.h"
#include "itkVector.h"
#include "itkCovariantVector.h"
#include <vnl/vnl_vector_fixed.h>
#include "itkArray.h"
#include "itkArray2D.h"
#include "itkAdvancedTransform.h"

#include "itkObjectFactory.h"

#include <numeric> // For iota.

namespace itk
{

/** \class AdvancedIdentityTransform
 * \brief Implementation of an Identity Transform.
 *
 * This class defines the generic interface for an Identity Transform.
 *
 * It will map every point to itself, every vector to itself and
 * every covariant vector to itself.
 *
 * This class is intended to be used primarily as a default Transform
 * for initializing those classes supporting a generic Transform.
 *
 * This class is templated over the Representation type for coordinates
 * (that is the type used for representing the components of points and
 * vectors) and over the dimension of the space. In this case the Input
 * and Output spaces are the same so only one dimension is required.
 *
 * \ingroup Transforms
 *
 */
template <class TScalarType, unsigned int NDimensions = 3>
class ITK_TEMPLATE_EXPORT AdvancedIdentityTransform : public AdvancedTransform<TScalarType, NDimensions, NDimensions>
{
public:
  ITK_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_MOVE(AdvancedIdentityTransform);

  /** Standard class typedefs. */
  using Self = AdvancedIdentityTransform;
  using Superclass = AdvancedTransform<TScalarType, NDimensions, NDimensions>;
  using Pointer = SmartPointer<Self>;
  using ConstPointer = SmartPointer<const Self>;

  /** New method for creating an object using a factory. */
  itkNewMacro(Self);

  /** Run-time type information (and related methods). */
  itkTypeMacro(AdvancedIdentityTransform, AdvancedTransform);

  /** Dimension of the domain space. */
  itkStaticConstMacro(InputSpaceDimension, unsigned int, NDimensions);
  itkStaticConstMacro(OutputSpaceDimension, unsigned int, NDimensions);
  itkStaticConstMacro(ParametersDimension, unsigned int, 1);

  /** Type of the input parameters. */
  using ScalarType = TScalarType;

  /** Type of the input parameters. */
  using typename Superclass::ParametersType;
  using typename Superclass::NumberOfParametersType;
  using typename Superclass::TransformCategoryEnum;

  /** Type of the Jacobian matrix. */
  using typename Superclass::JacobianType;

  /** Standard vector type for this class. */
  using InputVectorType = Vector<TScalarType, Self::InputSpaceDimension>;
  using OutputVectorType = Vector<TScalarType, Self::OutputSpaceDimension>;

  /** Standard covariant vector type for this class */
  using InputCovariantVectorType = CovariantVector<TScalarType, Self::InputSpaceDimension>;
  using OutputCovariantVectorType = CovariantVector<TScalarType, Self::OutputSpaceDimension>;

  /** Standard vnl_vector type for this class. */
  using InputVnlVectorType = vnl_vector_fixed<TScalarType, Self::InputSpaceDimension>;
  using OutputVnlVectorType = vnl_vector_fixed<TScalarType, Self::OutputSpaceDimension>;

  /** Standard coordinate point type for this class */
  using InputPointType = Point<TScalarType, Self::InputSpaceDimension>;
  using OutputPointType = Point<TScalarType, Self::OutputSpaceDimension>;

  /** Base inverse transform type. This type should not be changed to the
   * concrete inverse transform type or inheritance would be lost.*/
  using InverseTransformBaseType = typename Superclass::InverseTransformBaseType;
  using InverseTransformBasePointer = typename InverseTransformBaseType::Pointer;

  /** AdvancedTransform typedefs */
  using typename Superclass::NonZeroJacobianIndicesType;
  using typename Superclass::SpatialJacobianType;
  using typename Superclass::JacobianOfSpatialJacobianType;
  using typename Superclass::SpatialHessianType;
  using typename Superclass::JacobianOfSpatialHessianType;
  using typename Superclass::InternalMatrixType;

  /**  Method to transform a point. */
  OutputPointType
  TransformPoint(const InputPointType & point) const override
  {
    return point;
  }

  /**  Method to transform a vector. */
  OutputVectorType
  TransformVector(const InputVectorType & vector) const override
  {
    return vector;
  }

  /**  Method to transform a vnl_vector. */
  OutputVnlVectorType
  TransformVector(const InputVnlVectorType & vector) const override
  {
    return vector;
  }

  /**  Method to transform a CovariantVector. */
  OutputCovariantVectorType
  TransformCovariantVector(const InputCovariantVectorType & vector) const override
  {
    return vector;
  }

  /** Set the transformation to an Identity
   *
   * This is a NULL operation in the case of this particular transform.
     The method is provided only to comply with the interface of other transforms. */
  void
  SetIdentity()
  {}

  /** Return an inverse of the identity transform - another identity transform. */
  InverseTransformBasePointer
  GetInverseTransform() const override
  {
    return this->New().GetPointer();
  }


  /** Indicates that this transform is linear. That is, given two
   * points P and Q, and scalar coefficients a and b, then
   *
   *           T( a*P + b*Q ) = a * T(P) + b * T(Q)
   */
  bool
  IsLinear() const override
  {
    return true;
  }

  /** Indicates the category transform.
   *  e.g. an affine transform, or a local one, e.g. a deformation field.
   */
  TransformCategoryEnum
  GetTransformCategory() const override
  {
    return TransformCategoryEnum::Linear;
  }


  /** Get the Fixed Parameters. */
  const ParametersType &
  GetFixedParameters() const override
  {
    return this->m_FixedParameters;
  }


  /** Set the fixed parameters and update internal transformation. */
  void
  SetFixedParameters(const ParametersType &) override
  {}

  /** Get the Parameters. */
  const ParametersType &
  GetParameters() const override
  {
    return this->m_Parameters;
  }


  /** Set the fixed parameters and update internal transformation. */
  void
  SetParameters(const ParametersType &) override
  {}

  /** Compute the Jacobian of the transformation. */
  void
  GetJacobian(const InputPointType &,
              JacobianType &               j,
              NonZeroJacobianIndicesType & nonZeroJacobianIndices) const override
  {
    j = this->m_LocalJacobian;
    nonZeroJacobianIndices = this->m_NonZeroJacobianIndices;
  }


  /** Compute the spatial Jacobian of the transformation. */
  void
  GetSpatialJacobian(const InputPointType &, SpatialJacobianType & sj) const override
  {
    sj = this->m_SpatialJacobian;
  }


  /** Compute the spatial Hessian of the transformation. */
  void
  GetSpatialHessian(const InputPointType &, SpatialHessianType & sh) const override
  {
    sh = this->m_SpatialHessian;
  }


  /** Compute the Jacobian of the spatial Jacobian of the transformation. */
  void
  GetJacobianOfSpatialJacobian(const InputPointType &,
                               JacobianOfSpatialJacobianType & jsj,
                               NonZeroJacobianIndicesType &    nonZeroJacobianIndices) const override
  {
    jsj = this->m_JacobianOfSpatialJacobian;
    nonZeroJacobianIndices = this->m_NonZeroJacobianIndices;
  }


  /** Compute the Jacobian of the spatial Jacobian of the transformation. */
  void
  GetJacobianOfSpatialJacobian(const InputPointType &,
                               SpatialJacobianType &           sj,
                               JacobianOfSpatialJacobianType & jsj,
                               NonZeroJacobianIndicesType &    nonZeroJacobianIndices) const override
  {
    sj = this->m_SpatialJacobian;
    jsj = this->m_JacobianOfSpatialJacobian;
    nonZeroJacobianIndices = this->m_NonZeroJacobianIndices;
  }


  /** Compute the Jacobian of the spatial Hessian of the transformation. */
  void
  GetJacobianOfSpatialHessian(const InputPointType &,
                              JacobianOfSpatialHessianType & jsh,
                              NonZeroJacobianIndicesType &   nonZeroJacobianIndices) const override
  {
    jsh = this->m_JacobianOfSpatialHessian;
    nonZeroJacobianIndices = this->m_NonZeroJacobianIndices;
  }


  /** Compute both the spatial Hessian and the Jacobian of the
   * spatial Hessian of the transformation.
   */
  void
  GetJacobianOfSpatialHessian(const InputPointType &,
                              SpatialHessianType &           sh,
                              JacobianOfSpatialHessianType & jsh,
                              NonZeroJacobianIndicesType &   nonZeroJacobianIndices) const override
  {
    sh = this->m_SpatialHessian;
    jsh = this->m_JacobianOfSpatialHessian;
    nonZeroJacobianIndices = this->m_NonZeroJacobianIndices;
  }


protected:
  AdvancedIdentityTransform()
    : AdvancedTransform<TScalarType, NDimensions, NDimensions>(NDimensions)
  {
    // The Jacobian is constant, therefore it can be initialized in the constructor.
    this->m_LocalJacobian = JacobianType(NDimensions, 1, 0.0);

    /** SpatialJacobian is also constant. */
    this->m_SpatialJacobian.SetIdentity();

    /** Nonzero Jacobian indices, for GetJacobian. */
    this->m_NonZeroJacobianIndices.resize(ParametersDimension);
    std::iota(m_NonZeroJacobianIndices.begin(), m_NonZeroJacobianIndices.end(), 0u);

    /** Set to correct size. The elements are automatically initialized to 0. */
    this->m_HasNonZeroSpatialHessian = false;
    this->m_HasNonZeroJacobianOfSpatialHessian = false;
    this->m_JacobianOfSpatialJacobian.resize(ParametersDimension);
    this->m_JacobianOfSpatialHessian.resize(ParametersDimension);

    /** m_SpatialHessian is automatically initialized with zeros. */
  }


  ~AdvancedIdentityTransform() override = default;

private:
  // Private using-declarations, to avoid `-Woverloaded-virtual` warnings from GCC (GCC 11.4).
  using Superclass::TransformVector;
  using Superclass::TransformCovariantVector;

  JacobianType                  m_LocalJacobian{};
  SpatialJacobianType           m_SpatialJacobian{};
  SpatialHessianType            m_SpatialHessian{};
  NonZeroJacobianIndicesType    m_NonZeroJacobianIndices{};
  JacobianOfSpatialJacobianType m_JacobianOfSpatialJacobian{};
  JacobianOfSpatialHessianType  m_JacobianOfSpatialHessian{};
};

} // end namespace itk

#endif