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<H1>Tutorial on Type Analysis</H1>
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<H1><A NAME="SEC5" HREF="typetutorial_toc.html#SEC5">Declaration of Typed Objects</A></H1>
<P>
We here consider a variable declaration as an example for
a language construct that defines a typed object.
In our language a variable declaration may define several
variables. An <CODE>ObjDecl</CODE> states the type and the name for
each of them. Until now we allow types to be denoted only
by predefined type identifiers, <CODE>TypeUseIdent</CODE>.
Further forms of <CODE>TypeDenoter</CODE> are specified below.
<P>
We use the module <CODE>Typing</CODE> for support of type analysis.
<P>
<B>Declare.specs</B>[14]==
<PRE>
<TT>
$/Type/Typing.gnrc:inst
</TT>
</PRE>
<FONT SIZE=1>
<PRE>
This macro is attached to a product file.
</PRE>
</FONT>
<P>
Types are represented by <CODE>DefTableKeys</CODE>.
Such a key is created for each program construct which
denotes a particular type. The unknown type is represented
by <CODE>NoKey</CODE>. Typed objects, like variables,
have the property <CODE>TypeOf</CODE> that represents their type.
<P>
The pair of module roles <CODE>TypedDefinition</CODE> and <CODE>TypedDefId</CODE>
support the pattern of declaring typed objects:
<CODE>ObjDecl</CODE> has the role <CODE>TypedDefinition</CODE>, i. e. a construct
that specifies the types of all <CODE>TypedDefId</CODE>s in its subtree.
The attribute <CODE>ObjDecl.Type</CODE> has to be set appropriately.
<P>
<B>Declare.lido</B>[15]==
<PRE>
<TT>
SYMBOL ObjDecl INHERITS TypedDefinition END;
SYMBOL DefIdent INHERITS TypedDefId END;
ATTR Type: DefTableKey;
RULE: ObjDecl ::= TypeDenoter DefIdent COMPUTE
ObjDecl.Type = TypeDenoter.Type;
END;
</TT>
</PRE>
<FONT SIZE=1>
<PRE>
This macro is attached to a product file.
</PRE>
</FONT>
<P>
The module roles <CODE>TypedUseId</CODE> and <CODE>TypeDefUseId</CODE> distinguish
between used names of typed objects and used names of types.
The corresponding check roles issue messages if that classification
is violated.
<P>
The use of <CODE>TypedUseId</CODE> causes the attribute <CODE>UseIdent.Type</CODE>
to be set to the type defined for the object.
<P>
<B>TypeUseIdent.lido</B>[16]==
<PRE>
<TT>
SYMBOL UseIdent INHERITS TypedUseId, ChkTypedUseId END;
SYMBOL TypeUseIdent INHERITS TypeDefUseId, ChkTypeDefUseId END;
RULE: TypeDenoter ::= TypeUseIdent COMPUTE
TypeDenoter.Type = TypeUseIdent.Type;
END;
</TT>
</PRE>
<FONT SIZE=1>
<PRE>
This macro is attached to a product file.
</PRE>
</FONT>
<P>
In order to report some results of the type analysis
we associate the string valued property <CODE>TypeName</CODE> to
every type key.
<P>
The specification <CODE>[KReset]</CODE> causes an additional
definition table operation to be created, such that a call
<CODE>KResetTypeName (k, v)</CODE> sets the value <CODE>v</CODE> to the
key <CODE>k</CODE> and returns that key. That allows us to nest
several calls of functions which set properties to one key.
The definition of <CODE>KReset</CODE> is obtained from the
<CODE>PropLib</CODE> module which is available when using the
<CODE>Typing</CODE> module.
<P>
<B>PrtType.pdl</B>[17]==
<PRE>
<TT>
TypeName: CharPtr [KReset]; "Strings.h"
intType -> TypeName = {"int"};
realType -> TypeName = {"real"};
boolType -> TypeName = {"bool"};
voidType -> TypeName = {"void"};
</TT>
</PRE>
<FONT SIZE=1>
<PRE>
This macro is attached to a product file.
</PRE>
</FONT>
<P>
For every used identifier that string is to be printed:
<P>
<B>PrtType.lido</B>[18]==
<PRE>
<TT>
SYMBOL UseIdent INHERITS PrtType END;
SYMBOL PrtType COMPUTE
printf ("line %d Type %s\n", LINE,
GetTypeName (THIS.Type, "no type name"));
END;
</TT>
</PRE>
<FONT SIZE=1>
<PRE>
This macro is attached to a product file.
</PRE>
</FONT>
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