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Elvis 1.4 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS Page 2-1
E2. VISUAL MODE COMMANDSF
Most visual mode commands are one keystroke long. The following
table lists the operation performed by each keystroke, and also
denotes any options or arguments that it accepts. Notes at the end
of the table describe the notation used in this table.
In addition to the keys listed here, your keyboard's "arrow"
keys will be interpretted as the appropriate cursor movement
commands. The same goes for <PgUp> and <PgDn>, if your keyboard
has them. There is a colon mode command (to be described later)
which will allow you to define other keys, such as function keys.
A tip: visual command mode looks a lot like text input mode. If
you forget which mode you're in, just hit the <Esc> key. If elvis
beeps, then you're in visual command mode. If elvis does not beep,
then you were in input mode, but by hitting <Esc> you will have
switched to visual command mode. So, one way or another, after
<Esc> elvis will be ready for a command.
-1command description type-0
^A ---
^B Move toward the top of the file by 1 screenful
^C ---
count ^D scroll down <count> lines (default 1/2 screen)
count ^E scroll up <count> lines
^F move toward the bottom of the file by 1 screenful
^G show file status, and the current line #
count ^H move left, like h MOVE
^I ---
count ^J move down MOVE
^K ---
^L redraw the screen
count ^M move to the front of the next line MOVE
count ^N move down MOVE
^O ---
count ^P move up MOVE
^Q ---
^R redraw the screen
^S ---
^T ---
count ^U scroll up <count> lines (default 1/2 screen)
^V ---
^W ---
^X ---
count ^Y scroll down <count> lines
^Z ---
ESC ---
^\ ---
^] if the cursor is on a tag name, go to that tag
^^ switch to the previous file, like ":e #"
^_ ---
count SPC move right,like l MOVE
! mv run the selected lines thru an external filter program
" key select which cut buffer to use next
count # + increment a number EDIT
$ move to the rear of the current line MOVE
% move to the matching (){}[] character MOVE
Elvis 1.4 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS Page 2-2
count & repeat the previous ":s//" command here EDIT
' key move to a marked line MOVE
count ( move backward <count> sentences MOVE
count ) move forward <count> sentences MOVE
* go to the next error in the errlist
count + move to the front of the next line MOVE
count , repeat the previous [fFtT] but in the other direction MOVE
count - move to the front of the preceding line MOVE
count . repeat the previous "edit" command
/ text search forward for a given regular expression MOVE
0 if not part of count, move to 1st char of this line MOVE
1 part of count
2 part of count
3 part of count
4 part of count
5 part of count
6 part of count
7 part of count
8 part of count
9 part of count
: text run single EX cmd
count ; repeat the previous [fFtT] cmd MOVE
< mv shift text left EDIT
= ---
> mv shift text right EDIT
? text search backward for a given regular expression MOVE
@ key execute the contents of a cut-buffer as VI commands
count A inp append at end of the line EDIT
count B move back Word MOVE
C inp change text from the cursor through the end of the line EDIT
D delete text from the cursor through the end of the line EDIT
count E move end of Word MOVE
count F key move leftward to a given character MOVE
count G move to line #<count> (default is the bottom line) MOVE
count H move to home row (the line at the top of the screen)
count I inp insert at the front of the line (after indents) EDIT
count J join lines, to form one big line EDIT
K look up keyword
count L move to last row (the line at the bottom of the screen)
M move to middle row
N repeat previous search, but in the opposite direction MOVE
count O inp open up a new line above the current line EDIT
P paste text before the cursor
Q quit to EX mode
R inp overtype EDIT
count S inp change lines, like <count>cc
count T key move leftward *almost* to a given character MOVE
U Undo all recent changes to the current line
V ---
count W move forward <count> Words MOVE
count X delete the character(s) to the left of the cursor EDIT
count Y yank text line(s) (copy them into a cut buffer)
Z Z save the file & exit
[ [ move back 1 section MOVE
\ ---
] ] move forward 1 section MOVE
^ move to the front of the current line (after indent) MOVE
_ ---
Elvis 1.4 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS Page 2-3
` key move to a marked character MOVE
count a inp insert text after the cursor EDIT
count b move back <count> words MOVE
c mv change text EDIT
d mv delete text EDIT
count e move forward to the end of the current word MOVE
count f key move rightward to a given character MOVE
g ---
count h move left MOVE
count i inp insert text at the cursor EDIT
count j move down MOVE
count k move up MOVE
count l move right MOVE
m key mark a line or character
n repeat the previous search MOVE
count o inp open a new line below the current line EDIT
p paste text after the cursor
q ---
count r key replace <count> chars by a given character EDIT
count s inp replace <count> chars with text from the user EDIT
count t key move rightward *almost* to a given character MOVE
u undo the previous edit command
v ---
count w move forward <count> words MOVE
count x delete the character that the cursor's on EDIT
y mv yank text (copy it into a cut buffer)
z key scroll current line to the screen's +=top -=bottom .=middle
count { move back <count> paragraphs MOVE
count | move to column <count> (the leftmost column is 1)
count } move forward <count> paragraphs MOVE
count ~ switch a character between uppercase & lowercase EDIT
DEL ---
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
count Many commands may be preceded by a count. This is a sequence of digits
representing a decimal number. For most commands that use a count,
the command is repeated <count> times. The count is always optional,
and usually defaults to 1.
key Some commands require two keystrokes. The first key always determines
which command is to be executed. The second key is used as a parameter
to the command.
mv Six commands (! < > c d y) operate on text between the cursor and some
other position. To specify that other position, you are expected to
follow the command keystroke with a movement command. Also, you may
have the command operate on the whole line that the cursor is on by
typing the command key a second time.
inp Many commands allow the user to interactively enter text.
EDIT These commands affect text, and may be repeated by the "." command.
MOVE These commands move the cursor, and may be used to specify the extent
of a member of the "mv" class of commands.
Elvis 1.4 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS Page 2-4
E2.1 Input ModeF
You can't type text into your file directly from visual command
mode. Instead, you must first give a command which will put you
into input mode. The commands to do this are A/C/I/O/R/S/a/i/o/s.
The S/s/C/c commands temporarily place a $ at the end of the
text that they are going to change.
In input mode, all keystrokes are inserted into the text at the
cursor's position, except for the following:
^A insert a copy of the last input text
^D delete one indent character
^H (backspace) erase the character before the cursor
^L redraw the screen
^M (carriage return) insert a newline (^J, linefeed)
^P insert the contents of the cut buffer
^R redraw the screen, like ^L
^T insert an indent character
^U backspace to the beginning of the line
^V insert the following keystroke, even if special
^W backspace to the beginning of the current word
^Z^Z write the file & exit elvis
^[ (ESCape) exit from input mode, back to command mode
Also, on some systems, ^S may stop output, ^Q may restart
output, and ^C may interupt execution. ^@ (the NUL character)
cannot be inserted.
The R visual command puts you in overtype mode, which is a
slightly different form of input mode. In overtype mode, each time
you insert a character, one of the old characters is deleted from
the file.
E2.2 Arrow keys in Input ModeF
The arrow keys can be used to move the cursor in input mode.
(This is an extension; the real Vi doesn't support arrow keys in
input mode.) The <PgUp>, <PgDn>, <Home>, and <End> keys work in
input mode, too. The <Delete> key deletes a single character in
input mode.
The best thing about allowing arrow keys to work in input mode
is that as long as you're in input mode, Elvis seems to have a
fairly ordinary user interface. With most other text editors, you
are always in either insert mode or replace mode, and you can use
the arrow keys at any time to move the cursor. Now, Elvis can act
like that, too. In fact, with the new "inputmode" option and the
"control-Z control-Z" input command, you may never have to go into
visual command mode for simple edit sessions.
Elvis 1.4 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS Page 2-5
E2.3 DigraphsF
Elvis supports digraphs as a way to enter non-ASCII characters.
A digraph is a character which is composed of two other
characters. For example, an apostrophe and the letter i could be
defined as a digraph which is to be stored & displayed as an
accented i.
There is no single standard for extended ASCII character sets.
Elvis can be compiled to fill the digraph with values appropriate
for either the IBM PC character set, or the LATIN-1 character set
used by X windows, or neither. (See the discussions of -DCS_IBMPC
and -DCS_LATIN1 in the CFLAGS section of this manual.) You can view
or edit the digraph table via the ":digraph" colon command.
Digraphs wil not be recognized until you've entered ":set
digraph".
To actually use a digraph type the first character, then hit
<Backspace>, and then type the second character. Elvis will then
substitute the non-ASCII character in their place.
E2.4 AbbreviationsF
Elvis can expand abbreviations for you. You define an
abbreviation with the :abbr command, and then whenever you type in
the abbreviated form while in input mode, elvis will immediately
the long form. COBOL programmers should find this useful. :-)
Elvis doesn't perform the substitution until you type a
non-alphanumeric character to mark the end of the word. If you
type a control-V before that non-alphanumeric character, then Elvis
will not perform the substitution.
E2.5 Auto-IndentF
With the ":set autoindent" option turned on, Elvis will
automatically insert leading whitespace at the beginning of each
new line that you type in. The leading whitespace is copied from
the preceding line.
To add more leading whitespace, type control-T. To remove some
whitespace, type control-D.
Elvis' autoindent mode isn't 100% compatible with vi's. In
Elvis, 0^D and ^^D don't work, ^U can wipeout all indentation, and
sometimes Elvis will use a different amount of indentation than vi
would.
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