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;;; hebrew.el --- support for Hebrew -*- coding: utf-8; lexical-binding: t; -*-
;; Copyright (C) 2001-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;; Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
;; 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
;; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
;; Registration Number H14PRO021
;; Copyright (C) 2003
;; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
;; Registration Number H13PRO009
;; Keywords: multilingual, Hebrew
;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
;; (at your option) any later version.
;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
;;; Commentary:
;; For Hebrew, the character set ISO8859-8 is supported.
;; See http://www.ecma.ch/ecma1/STAND/ECMA-121.HTM.
;; Windows-1255 is also supported.
;;; Code:
(define-coding-system 'hebrew-iso-8bit
"ISO 2022 based 8-bit encoding for Hebrew (MIME:ISO-8859-8)."
:coding-type 'charset
:mnemonic ?8
:charset-list '(iso-8859-8)
:mime-charset 'iso-8859-8)
(define-coding-system-alias 'iso-8859-8 'hebrew-iso-8bit)
;; These are for Explicit and Implicit directionality information, as
;; defined in RFC 1556.
(define-coding-system-alias 'iso-8859-8-e 'hebrew-iso-8bit)
(define-coding-system-alias 'iso-8859-8-i 'hebrew-iso-8bit)
(set-language-info-alist
"Hebrew" '((tutorial . "TUTORIAL.he")
(charset iso-8859-8)
(coding-priority hebrew-iso-8bit)
(coding-system hebrew-iso-8bit windows-1255 cp862)
(nonascii-translation . iso-8859-8)
(input-method . "hebrew")
(unibyte-display . hebrew-iso-8bit)
(sample-text . "Hebrew שלום")
(documentation . "Bidirectional editing is supported.")))
(set-language-info-alist
"Windows-1255" '((coding-priority windows-1255)
(coding-system windows-1255)
(documentation . "\
Support for Windows-1255 encoding, e.g. for Yiddish.
Bidirectional editing is supported.")))
(define-coding-system 'windows-1255
"windows-1255 (Hebrew) encoding (MIME: WINDOWS-1255)"
:coding-type 'charset
:mnemonic ?h
:charset-list '(windows-1255)
:mime-charset 'windows-1255)
(define-coding-system-alias 'cp1255 'windows-1255)
(define-coding-system 'cp862
"DOS codepage 862 (Hebrew)"
:coding-type 'charset
:mnemonic ?D
:charset-list '(cp862)
:mime-charset 'cp862)
(define-coding-system-alias 'ibm862 'cp862)
;; Return a nested alist of Hebrew character sequences vs the
;; corresponding glyph of FONT-OBJECT.
(defun hebrew-font-get-precomposed (font-object)
(let ((precomposed (font-get font-object 'hebrew-precomposed))
;; Vector of Hebrew precomposed characters.
(chars [#xFB2A #xFB2B #xFB2C #xFB2D #xFB2E #xFB2F #xFB30 #xFB31
#xFB32 #xFB33 #xFB34 #xFB35 #xFB36 #xFB38 #xFB39 #xFB3A
#xFB3B #xFB3C #xFB3E #xFB40 #xFB41 #xFB43 #xFB44 #xFB46
#xFB47 #xFB48 #xFB49 #xFB4A #xFB4B #xFB4C #xFB4D #xFB4E])
;; Vector of decomposition character sequences corresponding
;; to the above vector.
(decomposed
[[#x05E9 #x05C1]
[#x05E9 #x05C2]
[#x05E9 #x05BC #x05C1]
[#x05E9 #x05BC #x05C2]
[#x05D0 #x05B7]
[#x05D0 #x05B8]
[#x05D0 #x05BC]
[#x05D1 #x05BC]
[#x05D2 #x05BC]
[#x05D3 #x05BC]
[#x05D4 #x05BC]
[#x05D5 #x05BC]
[#x05D6 #x05BC]
[#x05D8 #x05BC]
[#x05D9 #x05BC]
[#x05DA #x05BC]
[#x05DB #x05BC]
[#x05DC #x05BC]
[#x05DE #x05BC]
[#x05E0 #x05BC]
[#x05E1 #x05BC]
[#x05E3 #x05BC]
[#x05E4 #x05BC]
[#x05E6 #x05BC]
[#x05E7 #x05BC]
[#x05E8 #x05BC]
[#x05E9 #x05BC]
[#x05EA #x05BC]
[#x05D5 #x05B9]
[#x05D1 #x05BF]
[#x05DB #x05BF]
[#x05E4 #x05BF]]))
(unless precomposed
(setq precomposed (list t))
(let ((gvec (font-get-glyphs font-object 0 (length chars) chars)))
(dotimes (i (length chars))
(if (aref gvec i)
(set-nested-alist (aref decomposed i) (aref gvec i)
precomposed))))
;; Cache the result in FONT-OBJECT's property.
(font-put font-object 'hebrew-precomposed precomposed))
precomposed))
;; Composition function for hebrew. GSTRING is made of a Hebrew base
;; character followed by Hebrew diacritical marks, or is made of
;; single Hebrew diacritical mark. Adjust GSTRING to display that
;; sequence properly. The basic strategy is:
;;
;; (1) If there's single diacritical, add padding space to the left
;; and right of the glyph.
;;
;; (2) If the font has OpenType features for Hebrew, ask the OTF
;; driver the whole work.
;;
;; (3) If the font has precomposed glyphs, use them as far as
;; possible. Adjust the remaining glyphs artificially.
(defun hebrew-shape-gstring (gstring direction)
(let* ((font (lgstring-font gstring))
(otf (font-get font :otf))
(nchars (lgstring-char-len gstring))
header nglyphs base-width glyph precomposed val idx)
(cond
((= nchars 1)
;; Independent diacritical mark. Add padding space to left or
;; right so that the glyph doesn't overlap with the surrounding
;; chars.
(setq glyph (lgstring-glyph gstring 0))
(let ((width (lglyph-width glyph))
bearing)
(if (< (setq bearing (lglyph-lbearing glyph)) 0)
(lglyph-set-adjustment glyph bearing 0 (- width bearing)))
(if (> (setq bearing (lglyph-rbearing glyph)) width)
(lglyph-set-adjustment glyph 0 0 bearing))))
((or (assq 'hebr (car otf)) (assq 'hebr (cdr otf)))
;; FONT has OpenType features for Hebrew.
(font-shape-gstring gstring direction))
(t
;; FONT doesn't have OpenType features for Hebrew.
;; Try a precomposed glyph.
;; Now GSTRING is in this form:
;; [[FONT CHAR1 CHAR2 ... CHARn] nil GLYPH1 GLYPH2 ... GLYPHn nil ...]
(setq precomposed (hebrew-font-get-precomposed font)
header (lgstring-header gstring)
val (lookup-nested-alist header precomposed nil 1))
(if (and (consp val) (vectorp (car val)))
;; All characters can be displayed by a single precomposed glyph.
;; Reform GSTRING to [HEADER nil PRECOMPOSED-GLYPH nil ...]
(let ((glyph (copy-sequence (car val))))
(lglyph-set-from-to glyph 0 (1- nchars))
(lgstring-set-glyph gstring 0 glyph)
(lgstring-set-glyph gstring 1 nil))
(if (and (integerp val) (> val 2)
(setq glyph (lookup-nested-alist header precomposed val 1))
(consp glyph) (vectorp (car glyph)))
;; The first (1- VAL) characters can be displayed by a
;; precomposed glyph. Provided that VAL is 3, the first
;; two glyphs should be replaced by the precomposed glyph.
;; In that case, reform GSTRING to:
;; [HEADER nil PRECOMPOSED-GLYPH GLYPH3 ... GLYPHn nil ...]
(let* ((ncmp (1- val)) ; number of composed glyphs
(diff (1- ncmp))) ; number of reduced glyphs
(setq glyph (copy-sequence (car glyph)))
(lglyph-set-from-to glyph 0 (1- nchars))
(lgstring-set-glyph gstring 0 glyph)
(setq idx ncmp)
(while (< idx nchars)
(setq glyph (lgstring-glyph gstring idx))
(lglyph-set-from-to glyph 0 (1- nchars))
(lgstring-set-glyph gstring (- idx diff) glyph)
(setq idx (1+ idx)))
(lgstring-set-glyph gstring (- idx diff) nil)
(setq idx (- ncmp diff)
nglyphs (- nchars diff)))
(setq glyph (lgstring-glyph gstring 0))
(lglyph-set-from-to glyph 0 (1- nchars))
(setq idx 1 nglyphs nchars))
;; Now IDX is an index to the first non-precomposed glyph.
;; Adjust positions of the remaining glyphs artificially.
(if (font-get font :combining-capability)
(font-shape-gstring gstring direction)
(setq base-width (lglyph-width (lgstring-glyph gstring 0)))
(while (< idx nglyphs)
(setq glyph (lgstring-glyph gstring idx))
(lglyph-set-from-to glyph 0 (1- nchars))
(if (>= (lglyph-lbearing glyph) (lglyph-width glyph))
;; It seems that this glyph is designed to be rendered
;; before the base glyph.
(lglyph-set-adjustment glyph (- base-width) 0 0)
(if (>= (lglyph-lbearing glyph) 0)
;; Align the horizontal center of this glyph to the
;; horizontal center of the base glyph.
(let ((width (- (lglyph-rbearing glyph)
(lglyph-lbearing glyph))))
(lglyph-set-adjustment glyph
(- (/ (- base-width width) 2)
(lglyph-lbearing glyph)
base-width) 0 0))))
(setq idx (1+ idx)))))))
gstring))
(let* ((base "[\u05D0-\u05F2\uFB1D\uFB1F-\uFB28\uFB2A-\uFB4F]")
(combining
"[\u034F\u0591-\u05BD\u05BF\u05C1-\u05C2\u05C4-\u05C5\u05C7\uFB1E]+")
(pattern1 (concat base combining))
(pattern2 (concat base "\u200D" combining)))
(set-char-table-range
composition-function-table '(#x591 . #x5C7)
(list (vector pattern2 3 #'hebrew-shape-gstring)
(vector pattern2 2 #'hebrew-shape-gstring)
(vector pattern1 1 #'hebrew-shape-gstring)
[nil 0 hebrew-shape-gstring]))
;; Exclude non-combining characters.
(set-char-table-range
composition-function-table #x5BE nil)
(set-char-table-range
composition-function-table #x5C0 nil)
(set-char-table-range
composition-function-table #x5C3 nil)
(set-char-table-range
composition-function-table #x5C6 nil))
(provide 'hebrew)
;;; hebrew.el ends here
|
