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<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Requirements</TITLE
><META
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><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="REQUIREMENTS"
>4. Requirements</A
></H1
><P
> There are a number of things you must have before you install
Emacspeak, including Linux, a Linux-compatible sound card,
Emacs, and a
hardware or software speech synthesizer. You should read this section
carefully before installing Emacspeak, because Emacspeak will not function correctly
if any of the requirements are missing.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="LINUX-DISTROS"
>4.1. Linux Distributions</A
></H2
><P
> This HOWTO assumes that you have already installed Linux on
your system. If not, you may wish to refer to the "Linux
Information Sheet" by Michael K. Johnson at <A
HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/INFO-SHEET.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/INFO-SHEET.html</A
>.
It provides an introduction to Linux,
discusses some hardware requirements, and also has a section on
how to obtain Linux.
</P
><P
> There are a number of different Linux
distributions (distros) that you can choose from. All of the
distros are based upon
the same basic Linux code, or kernel, but each distro has a different
installation process,
features, and support options. Martin Wheeler's "Distributions
HOWTO," at <A
HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Distributions-HOWTO/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Distributions-HOWTO/index.html</A
>,
discusses the pros and cons of a number of Linux distros.
You can also find information about each distribution on
their respective web sites. Those distros known to support
Emacspeak are listed below with their URLs:
</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Debian Linux - <A
HREF="http://www.debian.org"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.debian.org</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Mandrake Linux - <A
HREF="http://www.linux_mandrake.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linux_mandrake.com</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Red Hat Linux - <A
HREF="http://www.redhat.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.redhat.com</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Slackware Linux - <A
HREF="http://www.slackware.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.slackware.com</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> SuSE Linux - <A
HREF="http://www.suse.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.suse.com</A
>
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> TurboLinux - <A
HREF="http://www.turbolinux.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.turbolinux.com</A
>
</P
></LI
></UL
><P
> All of the distributions listed above can be downloaded free of charge
from their respective web sites. However, the downloads are quite large,
so you'll need a fast Internet connection. You will also need
access to a CD burner, to burn your own CDs
from the images you download. Depending on the distribution,
you may also have to download and make a boot floppy. Once you
have burned the CDs and created the boot floppy, you can
install Linux. Alternatively, you can purchase the
disks at your local computer store for between $30 and $80
US. Both of these options are discussed at length in the Linux
Installation HOWTO at <A
HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO/overview.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO/overview.html</A
>,
so you may want to refer there before making a decision as to
which route to take.
</P
><P
> Most methods of installation require sighted assistance.
However, if you prefer to install Linux yourself, there are
two options. The first is to install Linux from a DOS machine
running JAWS. This option requires two machines, a null modem
cable, JAWS for DOS, and a hardware speech
synthesizer. More information on this option can be found
in <A
HREF="appendixa.html"
>Section 8</A
>, Appendix A. The
second option is installing one of the distributions that
includes a Speakup kernel patch. This option requires a Speakup-enabled
distro and a hardware synthesizer. Speakup is a screen reader
that is patched into the kernel, so it starts talking
at boot and will speak during the entire installation. Currently,
Speakup is supported on Debian, Red Hat 7.1, and Slackware.
The Speakup option also requires you to download the CD images and make your own CDs.
Refer to the Speakup home page at <A
HREF="http://www.linux-speakup.org"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linux-speakup.org</A
> for
instructions for this option.
</P
><P
> For assistance with installing Linux, Eric Raymond's Linux
Installation HOWTO, at <A
HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO</A
>,
is highly recommended reading.
In the HOWTO, Eric discusses hardware requirements, choosing a
distro, and installing your distro of choice. If Eric's HOWTO
does not provide enough installation-specific information,
you can refer to the documentation specific to your
distribution, available at the URLs given in the distro list.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="EMACS"
>4.2. Emacs</A
></H2
><P
> Because Emacspeak is an Emacs subsystem, you must have Emacs
installed for Emacspeak to work. Most distributions include Emacs by
default, so it should be installed on your system when you
install Linux.
</P
><P
> If you do not have Emacs on your system or you want to check on the latest version of Emacs, refer to
the Emacs homepage at <A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html</A
>.
If you install Emacs on your own or choose to upgrade, be sure
to install all of Emacs, including both the X and non-X
versions (even if you do not plan to use X). Some Emacs
applications depend on packages included in the X version,
even if you use those applications in the non-X version of Emacs.
</P
><P
> If you would like to learn more about Emacs and how to use it,
an excellent place to start is the Emacs Beginner's HOWTO, by
Jeremy D. Zawondy. It's available at <A
HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Emacs-Beginner-HOWTO.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Emacs-Beginner-HOWTO.html</A
>.
There is also an online manual available at <A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/index.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/index.html</A
>.
Alternatively, you can try the built-in Emacs tutorial. To
start the tutorial, type <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>C-h t</B
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="APPLICATIONS"
>4.3. Background applications</A
></H2
><P
> Emacspeak depends on a number of applications. Because each Linux
distribution comes with different applications, you may find that
your distro does not quite have everything that
Emacspeak needs to run properly. Therefore, before you
install anything else, it is important to make
sure you have all the necessary applications, as listed below.
</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>Tk, Tcl,</B
> and <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>Tclx</B
>: Check
to make sure you have these applications. If
not, download and install the following
rpms from <A
HREF="http://www.rpmfind.net"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.rpmfind.net</A
>:
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>tcl-8.3.2-7mdk</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>tk-8.3.2-7mdk</TT
>, and
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>tclx-8.3.2-7mdk</TT
>.
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>Lesstif</B
>: If you want to
run the Graphical User Interface (GUI) versions of the ViaVoice sample
programs, you'll need these packages. For
Emacspeak, the Lesstif packages are only
useful if you're running Xwindows, or if you
want to use the GUI tools.
</P
><P
> Lesstif can be downloaded from
either the Lesstif home page <A
HREF="http://www.lesstif.org"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.lesstif.org</A
> or Sourceforge
<A
HREF="http://sourceforge.net/projects/lesstif"
TARGET="_top"
>http://sourceforge.net/projects/lesstif</A
>.
Currently, the latest release of Lesstif is
version 0.93.14; however, Marty Moore
recommends using the 0.92.32 version. You can
either download the gzipped tarball that
contains all the necessary files or download the
three individual packages (<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>lesstif-mwm-0.92.32-1.i386.rpm</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>lesstif-clients-0.92.32-1.i386.rpm</TT
>,
and
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>lesstif-devel-0.92.32-1.i386.rpm</TT
>).
If you choose to use the three individual
files, be sure to
use the <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>--nodeps</B
> option when you unpack the
RPMs to avoid dependancy errors.
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>sndconfig</B
>: You will need to
run this application from the command line to
configure your sound card. At the command
prompt, type <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>sndconfig</B
> and
follow the instructions.
</P
><P
> If your sound card is not
recognized by sndconfig, refer to <A
HREF="troubleshooting.html"
>Section 6</A
>, Troubleshooting, for
more information.
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>stdiom</B
>: This package is
only necessary if you are using ViaVoice as
your synthesizer, or if you want to use auditory
icons, and your sound card is not a
multi-channel card.
</P
><P
> For information on auditory icons, refer to
the Emacspeak User's Guide.
</P
></LI
></UL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="SPEECH-SYNTHESIZERS"
>4.4. Speech Synthesizers</A
></H2
><P
> To produce speech output, you need two things: something to parse the
information on the screen (Emacspeak), and something to
produce the sounds you hear as output (a speech synthesizer).
Emacspeak can use either a hardware or software synthesizer to
produce sound output. Software
synthesizers have the benefit of being either free or very
inexpensive. Hardware synthesizers can run from $150 to $1600
or more, but they are typically easier to install than
software synthesizers.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="HARDWARE-SYNTHS"
>4.4.1. Hardware synthesizers</A
></H3
><P
> Emacspeak supports the following hardware synthesizers:
</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
Accent
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
Apollo
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
Braille Lite
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
Braille n' Speak
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
DECtalk Express (the original Emacspeak synthesizer) or MultiVoice
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
DoubleTalk PC and AT
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
Internal DECtalk PC and DECtalk PC2
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
LiteTalk
</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
>
Type n' Speak
</P
></LI
></UL
><P
> Support for the DECtalk Express and MultiVoice synthesizers is built into
Emacspeak. If you have a synthesizer other than a DECtalk
Express, you may require additional drivers or "speech
servers" to get Emacspeak to work with your synthesizer.
</P
><P
> The Internal DECtalk PC and DECtalk PC2 require a kernel
driver available from <A
HREF="ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/dectalk_pc-0.95.tgz"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/dectalk_pc-0.95.tgz</A
>. Installation
instructions are at <A
HREF="ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/dectalk_pc-0.95.README"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/dectalk_pc-0.95.README</A
>.
</P
><P
> The DoubleTalk PC and AT, Braille n' Speak, Type n' Speak,
Braille Lite, Apollo, and Accent synthesizers all require an additional speech server that can be
downloaded from <A
HREF="ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/emacspeak/blinux.emacspeak-ss-1.7.tar.gz"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/emacspeak/blinux.emacspeak-ss-1.7.tar.gz</A
>.
A README file with installation instructions can be found at
<A
HREF="ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/emacspeak/blinux/emacspeak-ss.README"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://leb.net/pub/blinux/emacspeak/blinux/emacspeak-ss.README</A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="SOFTWARE-SYNTHS"
>4.4.2. Software synthesizers</A
></H3
><P
> If you choose to use a software synthesizer, you must
make sure your sound card is Linux compatible. In addition, if
you want to perform any tasks that require a multi-channel
sound card, such as playing auditory cues when you open or close
an Emacs buffer, you must make sure that your sound card
is multi-channel capable.
</P
><P
> There is a complete list of Linux-compatible sound cards
available at <A
HREF="http://www.alsa-project.org"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.alsa-project.org</A
>. In addition, you can
usually find information on your distribution's web site about which
sound cards are supported with each distro.
</P
><P
> Once you have ensured that your sound card is Linux compatible,
you can install a software synthesizer. Currently the only
one that works with Emacspeak is IBM's ViaVoice Text-to-Speech
(TTS), formerly called ViaVoice Outloud. Many Emacspeak users
use this software synthesizer, because it is free of
charge. Instructions for installing ViaVoice can be found in
<A
HREF="appendixb.html"
>Section 9</A
>, Appendix B.
</P
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