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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Tips And Tricks For The Emacspeak Audio Desktop</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1"><meta name="description" content=" This document is a collection of productivity tips for using the Emacspeak audio desktop. Make sure you listen to this document with punctuation mode set to all to ensure that you do not miss important concepts. Note that this document is to be used in concert with the built-in online help facilities. Toward this end, the first section gives help on using Emacs online help; subsequent sections are intentionally brief since the interested user is expected to lookup the details of a command using these facilities. See How To Ask Questions The Smart Way for how you can improve your own productivity while contributing to continuously improving the tools you rely on for your work. The latest copy of this document is always available via Emacspeak GitHub Repository and on the Emacspeak WWW site."></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="article"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="idm46908176949968"></a>Tips And Tricks For The Emacspeak Audio Desktop
</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">T. V.</span> <span class="surname">Raman</span></h3></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright 2002 T. V. Raman</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a name="idm46908176948736"></a><p>
This work is being made available under the same
copyright as that used by the Linux Documentation
Project see
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP-COPYRIGHT.html" target="_top">
LDP Copyright Notice </a>.
</p></div></div><div><div class="abstract"><p class="title"><b>Abstract</b></p><p>
<img src="emacspeak.jpg" align="middle" width="150">
</p><p>
This document is a collection of productivity tips
for using the Emacspeak audio desktop. Make sure
you listen to this document with punctuation mode
set to <span class="emphasis"><em>all</em></span> to ensure that you
do not miss important concepts. Note that this
document is to be used in concert with the built-in
online help facilities. Toward this end, the first
section gives help on using Emacs online help;
subsequent sections are intentionally brief since
the interested user is expected to lookup the
details of a command using these facilities.
See <a class="ulink" href="http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html" target="_top">How
To Ask Questions The Smart Way</a>
for how you can improve your own productivity while
contributing to continuously improving the tools you
rely on for your work.
</p><p>
The latest copy of this document is always available via
<a class="ulink" href="https://github.com/tvraman/emacspeak/blob/master/etc/tips.xml#L50" target="_top">Emacspeak
GitHub Repository </a>
and on the
<a class="ulink" href="https://tvraman.github.io/emacspeak/tips.html" target="_top">Emacspeak
WWW site</a>.
</p></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="qandaset"><a name="idm46908177017552"></a><dl><dt>1. <a href="#help">Online Help</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>1.1. <a href="#idm46908174132240"> Interactive help.</a></dt><dt>1.2. <a href="#idm46908173828912"> Online hypertext help.</a></dt><dt>1.3. <a href="#idm46908176133280">Emacspeak Hypertext Reference</a></dt><dt>1.4. <a href="#idm46908176130736"> Opening info page that documents a given key.</a></dt><dt>1.5. <a href="#idm46908176852464"> Opening info page that documents a given command. </a></dt><dt>1.6. <a href="#idm46908176849696"> Picking from available choices.</a></dt><dt>1.7. <a href="#idm46908176845232"> Minibuffer prompting and completion.</a></dt><dt>1.8. <a href="#idm46908176840368">Customizing Emacs And Emacspeak</a></dt><dt>1.9. <a href="#idm46908177011568">Browsing UNIX Man Pages</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#folders">Files And Folders</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="#idm46908177006976"> Working on files and folders.</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="#idm46908177003280"> Working with remote directories.</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="#idm46908176997312">Locating files.</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="#idm46908176992144"> Using UNIX find from within Emacs.</a></dt><dt>2.5. <a href="#idm46908176986448"> Searching all files in a directory hierarchy. </a></dt><dt>2.6. <a href="#idm46908171504944"> Search and replace across a collection of files. </a></dt></dl></dd><dt>3. <a href="#read">Reading, Browsing And Skimming</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>3.1. <a href="#idm46908171498256"> Hiding and exposing text blocks. </a></dt><dt>3.2. <a href="#idm46908171492320">use Emacs' set-selective-display to
advantage when working with indented text.</a></dt><dt>3.3. <a href="#idm46908171488768">Skipping across blank lines</a></dt><dt>3.4. <a href="#idm46908171485104">Browsing structured text using Emacs outline mode</a></dt><dt>3.5. <a href="#idm46908171478896">Everything is
searchable.</a></dt><dt>3.6. <a href="#idm46908171474000">Saving positions in a file.</a></dt><dt>3.7. <a href="#idm46908171470112">Working with different portions of
a file at the same time.</a></dt><dt>3.8. <a href="#idm46908171463968">Accumulating Annotations While Reading</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>4. <a href="#status">State Of The Emacspeak Audio Desktop</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>4.1. <a href="#idm46908171458640">Hearing The Current Context
</a></dt><dt>4.2. <a href="#idm46908171453376">Information conveyed by
command emacspeak-speak-mode-line</a></dt><dt>4.3. <a href="#idm46908171426304">Information conveyed by command emacspeak-speak-minor-mode-line</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#multimedia">Multimedia On The Emacspeak Audio
Desktop</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>5.1. <a href="#idm46908171420096">Setting State Of The Auditory Display Using AMixer</a></dt><dt>5.2. <a href="#idm46908171417312">Playing audio CDs</a></dt><dt>5.3. <a href="#idm46908171412592">Setting up music playlists</a></dt><dt>5.4. <a href="#idm46908171406192">Playing Media Streams</a></dt><dt>5.5. <a href="#idm46908171399008">Streaming media presets</a></dt><dt>5.6. <a href="#idm46908171395408"></a></dt></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#author">Authoring Tools</a></dt><dd><dl></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#messaging">Electronic Messaging</a></dt><dd><dl></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#web">Web Browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>8.1. <a href="#idm46908171387568">What Web Browsers Can I Use?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>9. <a href="#admin">System Management And System
Administration</a></dt><dd><dl></dl></dd><dt>10. <a href="#utils">Emacspeak Utilities</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>10.1. <a href="#idm46908171369280">
Launch a root shell.</a></dt><dt>10.2. <a href="#idm46908171364528">
Setting shell's working directory to buffer's
current directory
</a></dt><dt>10.3. <a href="#idm46908171360240">Emacspeak Clipboard</a></dt><dt>10.4. <a href="#idm46908171356400">Copying current file.</a></dt><dt>10.5. <a href="#idm46908171353680">Personal telephone directory.</a></dt><dt>10.6. <a href="#idm46908171351040">Tabbulating shell command output.</a></dt><dt>10.7. <a href="#idm46908171347520">Filtering specific columns of all lines.</a></dt></dl></dd></dl><table border="0" style="width: 100%;"><colgroup><col align="left" width="1%"><col></colgroup><tbody><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="help"></a>1. Online Help</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>1.1. <a href="#idm46908174132240"> Interactive help.</a></dt><dt>1.2. <a href="#idm46908173828912"> Online hypertext help.</a></dt><dt>1.3. <a href="#idm46908176133280">Emacspeak Hypertext Reference</a></dt><dt>1.4. <a href="#idm46908176130736"> Opening info page that documents a given key.</a></dt><dt>1.5. <a href="#idm46908176852464"> Opening info page that documents a given command. </a></dt><dt>1.6. <a href="#idm46908176849696"> Picking from available choices.</a></dt><dt>1.7. <a href="#idm46908176845232"> Minibuffer prompting and completion.</a></dt><dt>1.8. <a href="#idm46908176840368">Customizing Emacs And Emacspeak</a></dt><dt>1.9. <a href="#idm46908177011568">Browsing UNIX Man Pages</a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>
Tips on using Emacs online help facilities.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908174132240"></a><a name="idm46908175553024"></a><p><b>1.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Interactive help.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Online documentation is accessed using commands available on key
<span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-h</span></strong></span>. The
type of help obtained is determined by the
keypress following <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-h</span></strong></span>.
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">c</span></strong></span>
looks up command run by a given key.
</td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">k</span></strong></span>
looks up documentation for a given key.
</td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">w</span></strong></span>
looks up key that invokes specified command.
</td></tr></table><p>
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908173828912"></a><a name="idm46908175138176"></a><p><b>1.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Online hypertext help.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Invoke the online hypertext help system
(<span class="command"><strong>info</strong></span>) by pressing
<span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-h i</span></strong></span>.
Press <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">h</span></strong></span> when
using <span class="application">Info</span> to
obtain a primer for first time users.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176133280"></a><a name="idm46908176133024"></a><p><b>1.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Emacspeak Hypertext Reference</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>You can open the online Emacspeak hypertext reference using
key <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-e TAB</span></strong></span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176130736"></a><a name="idm46908176855088"></a><p><b>1.4.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Opening info page that documents a given key.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Press <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym"> C-h C-k </span></strong></span>followed
by the key whose documentation you wish to
locate.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176852464"></a><a name="idm46908176852208"></a><p><b>1.5.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Opening info page that documents a given command. </p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Press <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-h
C-f</span></strong></span>
and specify the command name when prompted.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176849696"></a><a name="idm46908176849440"></a><p><b>1.6.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Picking from available choices.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Hitting <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">tab</span></strong></span>
causes Emacs to complete the currently typed input as far as
possible.
If there is more than one choice available, Emacspeak plays
auditory icon <span class="emphasis"><em>help</em></span>
and speaks the available choices. At this point, you can
input more characters to unambiguously specify the
choice. Alternatively, you can browse the
completion list which is typically displayed in
another window in a buffer called
<code class="literal">*Completions*</code>.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176845232"></a><a name="idm46908176844976"></a><p><b>1.7.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Minibuffer prompting and completion.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Emacs uses the <span class="emphasis"><em>minibuffer</em></span> when
prompting for user input.
When using completion in the minibuffer by
hitting <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">tab</span></strong></span>,
you can switch to the
<code class="literal">*Completions*</code>
buffer by pressing command <span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-o</span></strong></span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176840368"></a><a name="idm46908176840112"></a><p><b>1.8.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Customizing Emacs And Emacspeak</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Emacspeak can now be customized using
<span class="application">custom</span> and this is
the recommended way for users new to Emacs to
customize Emacs and Emacspeak. Command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-customize</strong></span> invokes
Emacs' customize interface for customizing
Emacspeak. Use
<span class="application">custom</span> to customize
Emacs packages that support this feature. Note
that not all Emacs packages are fully
customizable via
<span class="application">custom</span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908177011568"></a><a name="idm46908177011312"></a><p><b>1.9.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Browsing UNIX Man Pages</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Use Emacs command <span class="command"><strong>man</strong></span>
to view UNIX manual pages using a speech-enabled
interface. This interface provides structured
browsing which is something missing when viewing
UNIX man pages inside a traditional pager program.</p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="folders"></a>2. Files And Folders</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="#idm46908177006976"> Working on files and folders.</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="#idm46908177003280"> Working with remote directories.</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="#idm46908176997312">Locating files.</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="#idm46908176992144"> Using UNIX find from within Emacs.</a></dt><dt>2.5. <a href="#idm46908176986448"> Searching all files in a directory hierarchy. </a></dt><dt>2.6. <a href="#idm46908171504944"> Search and replace across a collection of files. </a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>
This section contains tips on working efficiently
with files and folders, both local and remote.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908177006976"></a><a name="idm46908177006720"></a><p><b>2.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Working on files and folders.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Use command <span class="command"><strong>
dired</strong></span>
(directory editor) normally bound to
<span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">
C-x d </span></strong></span>
to operate on files and folders.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908177003280"></a><a name="idm46908177003024"></a><p><b>2.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Working with remote directories.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Built-in Emacs package
<span class="application">tramp</span>
provides seamless access to remote files and folders by
using UNIX <span class="command"><strong>ssh</strong></span>
behind the scenes.
To open a remote directory, specify the directory location as
<span class="command"><strong>/username@host:/path</strong></span>
when prompted by command <span class="command"><strong>dired</strong></span>.
Note that in the above,
<span class="emphasis"><em>username</em></span>
defaults to <span class="emphasis"><em>anonymous</em></span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176997312"></a><a name="idm46908176997056"></a><p><b>2.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Locating files.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Use <span class="command"><strong>locate</strong></span>
and <span class="command"><strong>
locate-with-filter</strong></span> to
find files and folders on your hard drive.
Matching files and folders are displayed using
the same interface as provided by command
<span class="command"><strong>dired</strong></span>. These
commands use the <span class="database">
locate database</span> that
is typically rebuilt nightly on standard Linux
systems.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176992144"></a><a name="idm46908176991888"></a><p><b>2.4.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Using UNIX <span class="command"><strong>find</strong></span> from within Emacs.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Use commands <span class="command"><strong>
find-name-dired</strong></span>, <span class="command"><strong>find-grep-dired</strong></span> and
<span class="command"><strong>find-dired</strong></span> to use UNIX
<span class="application">find</span> to locate files
and folders on your hard drive.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908176986448"></a><a name="idm46908176986192"></a><p><b>2.5.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Searching all files in a directory hierarchy. </p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Install and use Emacs package
<span class="application">igrep</span>
---an extended Emacs interface to UNIX
<span class="application">grep</span>
to search all files in a directory.
For simpler tasks use command
<span class="command"><strong>grep-dired</strong></span> and command <span class="command"><strong>find-grep-dired</strong></span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171504944"></a><a name="idm46908171504688"></a><p><b>2.6.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Search and replace across a collection of files. </p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
When working on a project consisting of many files,
build a tags table using UNIX command
<span class="command"><strong>etags</strong></span>
and use it to advantage from within Emacs with commands such
as
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>find-tag</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>tags-search</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>tags-query-replace</strong></span></td></tr></table><p>
</p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="read"></a>3. Reading, Browsing And Skimming</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>3.1. <a href="#idm46908171498256"> Hiding and exposing text blocks. </a></dt><dt>3.2. <a href="#idm46908171492320">use Emacs' set-selective-display to
advantage when working with indented text.</a></dt><dt>3.3. <a href="#idm46908171488768">Skipping across blank lines</a></dt><dt>3.4. <a href="#idm46908171485104">Browsing structured text using Emacs outline mode</a></dt><dt>3.5. <a href="#idm46908171478896">Everything is
searchable.</a></dt><dt>3.6. <a href="#idm46908171474000">Saving positions in a file.</a></dt><dt>3.7. <a href="#idm46908171470112">Working with different portions of
a file at the same time.</a></dt><dt>3.8. <a href="#idm46908171463968">Accumulating Annotations While Reading</a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>
This section contains tips for efficiently working with
large amounts of content using speech output.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171498256"></a><a name="idm46908171498000"></a><p><b>3.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p> Hiding and exposing text blocks. </p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
You can hide <span class="emphasis"><em>blocks of text</em></span>
when skimming a file.
A <span class="emphasis"><em>block of text</em></span>
is defined as a sequence of contiguous lines starting with
a common prefix e.g., cited lines in an email message or blocks of
comments in programming languages.
See commands
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-e j</span></strong></span><span class="command"><strong> emacspeak-hide-or-expose-block</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong><span class="keysym">C-e C-j</span></strong></span><span class="command"><strong> emacspeak-hide-speak-block-sans-prefix</strong></span></td></tr></table><p>
to use these features.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171492320"></a><a name="idm46908171492064"></a><p><b>3.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>use Emacs' <span class="command"><strong>set-selective-display</strong></span> to
advantage when working with indented text.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
When working with content that uses indentation to reflect structure,
you can use Emacs' built-in <span class="command"><strong>set-selective-display</strong></span>
to advantage and selectively collapse/expand contents. Emacs comes
with additional package that enable such structured traversal, as an
example, see <span class="application">hideshow</span>.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171488768"></a><a name="idm46908171488512"></a><p><b>3.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Skipping across blank lines</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Use commands
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-skip-blank-lines-backward</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-skip-blank-lines-forward</strong></span></td></tr></table><p>
to move across contiguous blank lines.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171485104"></a><a name="idm46908171484848"></a><p><b>3.4.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Browsing structured text using Emacs outline mode</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Emacs outline facility provides a powerful tool for browsing textual
material based on its implicit structure.
By default, command <span class="command"><strong>outline-minor-mode</strong></span>
sets up Emacs to recognize lines beginning with
<code class="literal">***</code>
as header lines. This can be changed on a per buffer basis by setting
up Emacs variable <code class="varname">outline-regexp</code>
to a regular expression that matches header lines.
When using Emacs <span class="command"><strong>view-mode</strong></span>
to read text, this feature is especially useful when combined with
Emacspeak built-in feature that loads a directory specific
file to customize Emacspeak on a per-directory basis.
Thus, one can organize electronic texts by placing files for a given
book in a specific directory, and then creating a file
called <code class="literal">.espeak.el</code>
in that directory that sets up things like Emacs variable
<code class="varname">outline-regexp</code>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171478896"></a><a name="idm46908171478640"></a><p><b>3.5.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Everything</em></span> is
searchable.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Everything
is <span class="emphasis"><em>searchable</em></span>
in Emacs. Use this to advantage when working with all forms
of content, since it is often more efficient to
use Emacs commands
<span class="command"><strong><span class="keycap"><strong>C-s</strong></span></strong></span>
and <span class="command"><strong><span class="keycap"><strong>C-r</strong></span></strong></span>
to perform forward or backward incremental search to locate
relevant information than to listen to the content.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171474000"></a><a name="idm46908171473744"></a><p><b>3.6.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Saving positions in a file.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Use Emacs <span class="emphasis"><em>mark</em></span> to save temporary
positions in a file.
Use built-in Emacs <span class="application">bookmark</span>
to save the position across Emacs sessions. Use built-in
Emacs package <span class="application">desktop</span>
to have Emacs automatically recreate the state of the audio
desktop on restart.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171470112"></a><a name="idm46908171469856"></a><p><b>3.7.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Working with different portions of
a file at the same time.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Display the file in different Emacs
<span class="emphasis"><em>windows</em></span>
or <span class="emphasis"><em>frames</em></span>;
Emacs allows you to display different portions
of the file in each window or frame. Use Emacspeak commands
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-predefined-window</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-this-buffer-other-window-display</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-this-buffer-previous-display</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-this-buffer-next-display</strong></span></td></tr></table><p>
to listen to a given portion of a file whilst working on a
different portion of the same file.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171463968"></a><a name="idm46908171463712"></a><p><b>3.8.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Accumulating Annotations While Reading</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
It is often useful to be able to jot down comments or notes
while reading a large document.
Rather than switching back and forth between the document
you are reading and the document where the
comments are being jotted down, you can use
Emacspeak utility
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-annotate-add-annotation</strong></span> --see
that command's online documentation for details on
its use.</p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="status"></a>4. State Of The Emacspeak Audio Desktop</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>4.1. <a href="#idm46908171458640">Hearing The Current Context
</a></dt><dt>4.2. <a href="#idm46908171453376">Information conveyed by
command emacspeak-speak-mode-line</a></dt><dt>4.3. <a href="#idm46908171426304">Information conveyed by command emacspeak-speak-minor-mode-line</a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>This section contains tips on querying and updating
the status of the Emacspeak audio desktop.
See section
<a class="ulink" href="http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/info/emacspeak.html#SEC20" target="_top">
status commands</a>
in the Emacspeak online manual for additional details.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171458640"></a><a name="idm46908171458384"></a><p><b>4.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Hearing The Current Context
</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Emacs buffers</em></span> are the building bloks of the
Emacspeak audio desktop. Current context is
thus determined by the <span class="emphasis"><em>current
buffer</em></span> ---i.e., the buffer with which the
user is presently interacting. The state of the
<span class="emphasis"><em>current buffer</em></span> is continuously
updated visually by Emacs on the
<span class="emphasis"><em>modeline</em></span> (see the Emacs online
tutorial for details on the visual display)---
the status is spoken by Emacspeak whenever
there is a context change. You can explicitly
request this context information using command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-mode-line</strong></span>;
additional details are provided by command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-minor-mode-line</strong></span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171453376"></a><a name="idm46908171453120"></a><p><b>4.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Information conveyed by
command <span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-mode-line</strong></span></p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-mode-line</strong></span> is
optimized to convey the most relevant
information first. Different user options
control additional status information that may
be spoken by this command. When possible, this
command uses tones and auditory
icons to make the spoken feedback more succinct.
Here is a brief summary listing the various
items of status information conveyed by command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-mode-line</strong></span>:
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Shell-mode The working directory is
spoken for shell-mode buffers.</td></tr><tr><td> which-function
When <span class="command"><strong>which-function-mode</strong></span> is
activated using command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-toggle-which-function</strong></span>,
the name of the function containing the cursor
is spoken. This is useful in programming modes.
</td></tr><tr><td> mail-alert Produces an
auditory icon indicating newly arrived mail and
is controlled via command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-toggle-mail-alert</strong></span>.</td></tr><tr><td>
buffer-modified An auditory tone when the
contents of the <span class="emphasis"><em>current</em></span>
buffer has been modified since it was last
saved. </td></tr><tr><td> buffer-read-only An
auditory tone when the
<span class="emphasis"><em>current</em></span> buffer is
<span class="emphasis"><em>read-only</em></span>.</td></tr><tr><td>
buffer-name The <span class="emphasis"><em>name</em></span> of the
current buffer.</td></tr><tr><td> line-number
Current <span class="emphasis"><em>line number</em></span> when
<span class="command"><strong>line-number-mode</strong></span> is
active.</td></tr><tr><td> column-number Current
<span class="emphasis"><em>column number</em></span> when
<span class="command"><strong>column-number-mode</strong></span> is active.
</td></tr><tr><td> mode-name Name of the buffer's
<span class="emphasis"><em>major mode</em></span> ---this is what
determines <span class="emphasis"><em>specialized
behavior</em></span> within Emacs
buffers.</td></tr><tr><td> percentage
<span class="emphasis"><em>Percentage</em></span> of point into
the current buffer.</td></tr><tr><td> frame-info
If more than one <span class="emphasis"><em>Emacs
frame</em></span> is active, then the title of
the current frame is spoken. Emacs typically
uses multiple frames when running in a graphical
environment.</td></tr><tr><td> recursion-info
Current recursion level when <span class="emphasis"><em>recursive
edit</em></span> is in progress; note that you
enter <span class="emphasis"><em>recursive edit</em></span> in
Emacs in very few specialized
cases.</td></tr></table><p> Finally, note that
the feedback is designed using the principle
<span class="emphasis"><em>no news is good news</em></span>, thus,
in many cases the absence of a cue is itself a
cue. As an example, Emacspeak produces an
auditory tone only if a buffer is
<span class="emphasis"><em>read-only</em></span> --the absence of
the tone indicates the buffer can be editted
which is usually the case. Similarly, no tone
is produced when a buffer does not need saving.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171426304"></a><a name="idm46908171426048"></a><p><b>4.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Information conveyed by command <span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-minor-mode-line</strong></span></p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-minor-mode-line</strong></span>
typically conveys additional information
including:
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Minor modes that are active e.g.,
<span class="emphasis"><em>voice-lock</em></span></td></tr><tr><td>Version number of files under revision control.</td></tr><tr><td>Current encoding system in use.</td></tr></table><p>
</p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="multimedia"></a>5. Multimedia On The Emacspeak Audio
Desktop</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>5.1. <a href="#idm46908171420096">Setting State Of The Auditory Display Using AMixer</a></dt><dt>5.2. <a href="#idm46908171417312">Playing audio CDs</a></dt><dt>5.3. <a href="#idm46908171412592">Setting up music playlists</a></dt><dt>5.4. <a href="#idm46908171406192">Playing Media Streams</a></dt><dt>5.5. <a href="#idm46908171399008">Streaming media presets</a></dt><dt>5.6. <a href="#idm46908171395408"></a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>
This section contains tips on using the various
multimedia features of the Emacspeak audio
desktop.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171420096"></a><a name="idm46908171419840"></a><p><b>5.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Setting State Of The Auditory Display Using AMixer</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
The state of the auditory display can be set and
updated using command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-audio-setup</strong></span>. The
available settings depend on the sound card in
use.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171417312"></a><a name="idm46908171417056"></a><p><b>5.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Playing audio CDs</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Emacspeak built-in command
<span class="command"><strong>cd-tool</strong></span>
uses the command-line tools provided by RPM package
<span class="application">cdp</span>.
This is convenient for playing tracks from a CD.
Use <span class="application">cdcd</span> from within an Emacs
shell for more complex tasks such as querying a
<span class="application">CDDB</span> database.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171412592"></a><a name="idm46908171412336"></a><p><b>5.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Setting up music playlists</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Application
<span class="application">mplayer</span> can play music
listed
in a <span class="application">playlist</span> file --typically
such files are given the extension
<code class="computeroutput">.m3u</code>.
A playlist file contains names of MP3 files, one per line.
To create a playlist file for use with
<span class="application">mplayer</span>,
you might execute the following command from
within a <span class="application">shell</span>
buffer:
</p><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><pre class="programlisting">
cd $HOME/music
find . -name '*.mp3' > playlist.m3u
</pre></blockquote></div><p>
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171406192"></a><a name="idm46908171405936"></a><p><b>5.4.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Playing Media Streams</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Install <span class="application">mplayer</span>
-- this is an open source media player.
Once you have this installed and configured, you can use
Emacspeak's built-in
Media Player front-end provided by module
<span class="application">emacspeak-m-player.el</span>
to conveniently play streaming media from anywhere on the
audio desktop --see command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-multimedia</strong></span>.
Note that when playing a stream, you can use all the
single-keystroke navigation commands provided by
<span class="application">emacspeak-m-player</span>
by prefixing them with <span class="keysym">C-e ;</span>
from anywhere on the audio desktop; alternatively,
you can use <span class="keysym">C-e ;;</span> to switch to a special
Emacs buffer that contains
<span class="application">mplayer</span>
and then execute <span class="application">mplayer</span>
commands directly.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171399008"></a><a name="idm46908171398752"></a><p><b>5.5.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Streaming media presets</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Streaming media on the WWW is often
well-hidden behind several mouse clicks.
Emacspeak allows you to configure your favorite
streams as an organized hierarchy. The Emacspeak
distribution comes with such a collection of
streams I listen to on a frequent basis. You can
access these by using standard Emacs completion
when prompted for a <code class="computeroutput">media
Resource</code> by command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-m-player</strong></span>. </p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171395408"></a><a name="idm46908171395152"></a><p><b>5.6.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
The ImageMagick package provides a powerful set of image
manipulation tools --for an excellent overview see
the online article
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-graf/?ca=dgr-lnxw02ImageMagick" target="_top">command-line graphics</a></p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="author"></a>6. Authoring Tools</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>This section contains tips on authoring
structured documents for online and print
publishing. See the relevant section of the online
Emacspeak manual
for further details on
<a class="ulink" href="http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/info/emacspeak.html#SEC31" target="_top">
document authoring on the Emacspeak desktop.</a>
</p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="messaging"></a>7. Electronic Messaging</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>
This section contains tips about electronic messaging on
the Emacspeak desktop.
For further details, see the relevant section
of the online Emacspeak manual on
<a class="ulink" href="http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/info/emacspeak.html#SEC40" target="_top">
electronic messaging.</a></p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="web"></a>8. Web Browsing</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>8.1. <a href="#idm46908171387568">What Web Browsers Can I Use?</a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171387568"></a><a name="idm46908171387312"></a><p><b>8.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>What Web Browsers Can I Use?</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
There are a number of available options, none of which are completely
satisfactory.
Here is a summary of what is available.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>eww</strong></span>.
EWW is built-in with Emacs 24.4 and later.
Emacspeak's web-specific wizards
make up for many of the short-comings encountered when navigating
complex web sites.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>W3</strong></span>.
This is still my web browser of choice though it has sadly fallen by
the way-side in the last few years.
W3 lacks the features you need to interact with many commerce sites,
but is a very flexsible and powerful solution for
efficiently browsing content.
Emacspeak's web-specific wizards
make up for many of the short-comings encountered when navigating
complex web sites and these wizards work best with
the W3 browser.
Emacs command: <span class="command"><strong>w3</strong></span>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>Emacs W3M</strong></span>
This is a light-weight browser compared to W3 and provides an Emacs
interface to the underlying
W3M browser.
It is a good solution for browsing content --especially on slow
machines.
Emacs command: <span class="command"><strong>w3m</strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
<span class="command"><strong>Lynx</strong></span>.
The oldest terminal based browser of them all.
It's still a good solution for some interactive sites, but its lack of
support for tables can make some sites very confusing.
Emacspeak command: <span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-lynx</strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="command"><strong>Links</strong></span>.
This is <span class="emphasis"><em>Links</em></span> with an <span class="emphasis"><em>i</em></span> and
not to be confused with the older Lynx browser.
It has rudimentary Javascript support and is under active development.
Emacspeak command: <span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-links</strong></span>.</p></li></ol></div></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="admin"></a>9. System Management And System
Administration</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>This section contains tips on managing your system.</p></td></tr><tr class="qandadiv"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><h3 class="title"><a name="utils"></a>10. Emacspeak Utilities</h3></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><dl><dt>10.1. <a href="#idm46908171369280">
Launch a root shell.</a></dt><dt>10.2. <a href="#idm46908171364528">
Setting shell's working directory to buffer's
current directory
</a></dt><dt>10.3. <a href="#idm46908171360240">Emacspeak Clipboard</a></dt><dt>10.4. <a href="#idm46908171356400">Copying current file.</a></dt><dt>10.5. <a href="#idm46908171353680">Personal telephone directory.</a></dt><dt>10.6. <a href="#idm46908171351040">Tabbulating shell command output.</a></dt><dt>10.7. <a href="#idm46908171347520">Filtering specific columns of all lines.</a></dt></dl></td></tr><tr class="toc"><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="2"><p>This section gives tips on using some of the built-in
productivity tools bundled with Emacspeak.
Most of these are implemented in module
<span class="application">emacspeak-wizards</span>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171369280"></a><a name="idm46908171369024"></a><p><b>10.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Launch a <span class="command"><strong>root</strong></span> shell.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Never</em></span> run Emacspeak as the
<span class="command"><strong>root</strong></span> user.
Instead use Emacspeak command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-root</strong></span>
to create a <span class="command"><strong>root shell</strong></span> after starting Emacspeak.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171364528"></a><a name="idm46908171364272"></a><p><b>10.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Setting shell's working directory to buffer's
current directory
</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
You often find yourself switching to the shell
buffer and then executing <span class="command"><strong>cd</strong></span> to
switch to the directory containing the file you
were working on. Emacspeak wizard
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-wizards-shell-toggle</strong></span>
switches to a running shell buffer and
automatically executes command
<span class="command"><strong>cd</strong></span> so you are in the right
working directory.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171360240"></a><a name="idm46908171359984"></a><p><b>10.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Emacspeak Clipboard</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Emacspeak provides a clipboard facility to enabling cut and
paste across different emacspeak sessions,
see commands
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-clipboard-copy</strong></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-clipboard-paste</strong></span></td></tr></table><p>
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171356400"></a><a name="idm46908171356144"></a><p><b>10.4.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Copying current file.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Emacspeak command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-copy-current-file</strong></span>
lets you copy the file being visited to a
different location ---this is a convenient way of
publishing to a WWW server.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171353680"></a><a name="idm46908171353424"></a><p><b>10.5.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Personal telephone directory.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Emacspeak command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-telephone-directory</strong></span>
lets you maintain a telephone directory as a simple text file.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171351040"></a><a name="idm46908171350784"></a><p><b>10.6.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Tabbulating shell command output.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Many UNIX commands produce tabulated output,
e.g., command <span class="command"><strong>df</strong></span> for displaying
a disk usage summary.
You can use Emacspeak command
<span class="command"><strong>emacspeak-speak-run-shell-command</strong></span>
to run such commands and have the tabular output available
for browsing using Emacspeak's table browsing facilities.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm46908171347520"></a><a name="idm46908171347264"></a><p><b>10.7.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Filtering specific columns of all lines.</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
This is most useful when working with log files. Command
<span class="command"><strong> emacspeak-speak-line-set-column-filter</strong></span>
enables you to filter out uninteresting columns of each
line as it is spoken. Note that columns are filtered out
by making them <span class="emphasis"><em>inaudible</em></span> ---in order
for this to take effect, <span class="command"><strong>voice-lock</strong></span>
needs to be active in the current buffer. You can invert
the sense of the filter by invoking command <span class="command"><strong>
emacspeak-toggle-speak-line-invert-filter</strong></span>.
</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></body></html>
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