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// Copyright 2009-2021 Intel Corporation
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
#include "ply_loader.h"
#include <list>
namespace embree
{
namespace SceneGraph
{
/*! PLY type */
struct Type {
enum Tag { PTY_CHAR, PTY_UCHAR, PTY_SHORT, PTY_USHORT, PTY_INT, PTY_UINT, PTY_FLOAT, PTY_DOUBLE, PTY_LIST, PTY_NONE } ty, index, data;
Type() : ty(PTY_NONE), index(PTY_NONE), data(PTY_NONE) {}
Type(Tag ty) : ty(ty), index(PTY_NONE), data(PTY_NONE) {}
Type(Tag ty, Tag index, Tag data) : ty(ty), index(index), data(data) {}
};
/*! an element stored in the PLY file, such as vertex, face, etc. */
struct Element {
std::string name;
size_t size; /// number of data items of the element
std::vector<std::string> properties; /// list of all properties of the element (e.g. x, y, z) (not strictly necessary)
std::map<std::string,Type> type; /// mapping of property name to type
std::map<std::string,std::vector<float> > data; /// data array properties (all represented as floats)
std::map<std::string,std::vector<std::vector<size_t> > > list; /// list properties (integer lists supported only)
};
/*! mesh structure that reflects the PLY file format */
struct Mesh {
std::vector<std::string> order; /// order of all elements in file (not strictly necessary)
std::map<std::string,Element> elements; /// all elements of the file, e.g. vertex, face, ...
};
/* returns the size of a type in bytes */
size_t sizeOfType(Type::Tag ty)
{
switch (ty) {
case Type::PTY_CHAR : return 1;
case Type::PTY_UCHAR : return 1;
case Type::PTY_SHORT : return 2;
case Type::PTY_USHORT : return 2;
case Type::PTY_INT : return 4;
case Type::PTY_UINT : return 4;
case Type::PTY_FLOAT : return 4;
case Type::PTY_DOUBLE : return 8;
default : throw std::runtime_error("invalid type");
}
}
/* compute the type of a string */
Type::Tag typeTagOfString(const std::string& ty) {
if (ty == "char") return Type::PTY_CHAR;
if (ty == "int8") return Type::PTY_CHAR;
if (ty == "uchar") return Type::PTY_UCHAR;
if (ty == "uint8") return Type::PTY_UCHAR;
if (ty == "short") return Type::PTY_SHORT;
if (ty == "int16") return Type::PTY_SHORT;
if (ty == "ushort") return Type::PTY_USHORT;
if (ty == "uint16") return Type::PTY_USHORT;
if (ty == "int") return Type::PTY_INT;
if (ty == "int32") return Type::PTY_INT;
if (ty == "uint") return Type::PTY_UINT;
if (ty == "uint32") return Type::PTY_UINT;
if (ty == "float") return Type::PTY_FLOAT;
if (ty == "float32") return Type::PTY_FLOAT;
if (ty == "double") return Type::PTY_DOUBLE;
throw std::runtime_error("invalid type " + ty);
return Type::PTY_NONE;
}
/* compute the type of a string */
std::string stringOfTypeTag(Type::Tag ty) {
if (ty == Type::PTY_CHAR) return "char";
if (ty == Type::PTY_UCHAR) return "uchar";
if (ty == Type::PTY_SHORT) return "short";
if (ty == Type::PTY_USHORT) return "ushort";
if (ty == Type::PTY_INT) return "int";
if (ty == Type::PTY_UINT) return "uint";
if (ty == Type::PTY_FLOAT) return "float";
if (ty == Type::PTY_DOUBLE) return "double";
if (ty == Type::PTY_LIST) return "list";
throw std::runtime_error("invalid type");
return "";
}
/* compute the type of a string */
std::string stringOfType(Type ty) {
if (ty.ty == Type::PTY_LIST) return "list " + stringOfTypeTag(ty.index) + " " + stringOfTypeTag(ty.data);
else return stringOfTypeTag(ty.ty);
}
/* PLY parser class */
struct PlyParser
{
std::fstream fs;
Mesh mesh;
Ref<SceneGraph::Node> scene;
/* storage format of data in file */
enum Format { ASCII, BINARY_BIG_ENDIAN, BINARY_LITTLE_ENDIAN } format;
/* constructor parses the input stream */
PlyParser(const FileName& fileName) : format(ASCII)
{
/* open file */
fs.open (fileName.c_str(), std::fstream::in | std::fstream::binary);
if (!fs.is_open()) throw std::runtime_error("cannot open file : " + fileName.str());
/* check for file signature */
std::string signature; getline(fs,signature);
if (signature != "ply") throw std::runtime_error("invalid PLY file signature: " + signature);
/* read header */
std::list<std::string> header;
while (true) {
std::string line; getline(fs,line);
if (line == "end_header") break;
if (line.find_first_of('#') == 0) continue;
if (line == "") continue;
header.push_back(line);
}
/* parse header */
parseHeader(header);
/* now parse all elements */
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator i = mesh.order.begin(); i!=mesh.order.end(); i++)
parseElementData(mesh.elements[*i]);
/* create triangle mesh */
scene = import();
}
/* parse the PLY header */
void parseHeader(std::list<std::string>& header)
{
while (!header.empty())
{
std::stringstream line(header.front());
header.pop_front();
std::string tag; line >> tag;
/* ignore comments */
if (tag == "comment") {
}
/* parse format */
else if (tag == "format")
{
std::string fmt; line >> fmt;
if (fmt == "ascii") format = ASCII;
else if (fmt == "binary_big_endian") format = BINARY_BIG_ENDIAN;
else if (fmt == "binary_little_endian") format = BINARY_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
else throw std::runtime_error("invalid PLY file format: " + fmt);
std::string version; line >> version;
if (version != "1.0") throw std::runtime_error("invalid PLY file version: " + version);
}
/* parse end of header tag */
else if (tag == "end_header")
break;
/* parse elements */
else if (tag == "element") parseElementDescr(line,header);
/* report unknown tags */
else throw std::runtime_error("unknown tag in PLY file: " + tag);
}
}
/* parses a PLY element description */
void parseElementDescr(std::stringstream& cin, std::list<std::string>& header)
{
Element elt;
std::string name; cin >> name;
size_t num; cin >> num;
mesh.order.push_back(name);
elt.name = name;
elt.size = num;
/* parse all properties */
while (!header.empty())
{
std::stringstream line(header.front());
std::string tag; line >> tag;
if (tag != "property") break;
header.pop_front();
Type ty = parseType(line);
std::string name; line >> name;
elt.type[name] = ty;
elt.properties.push_back(name);
}
mesh.elements[name] = elt;
}
/* parses a PLY type */
Type parseType(std::stringstream& cin)
{
std::string ty; cin >> ty;
if (ty == "list") {
std::string ty0; cin >> ty0;
std::string ty1; cin >> ty1;
return Type(Type::PTY_LIST,typeTagOfString(ty0),typeTagOfString(ty1));
} else return Type(typeTagOfString(ty));
}
/* parses data of a PLY element */
void parseElementData(Element& elt)
{
/* allocate data for all properties */
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator i=elt.properties.begin(); i!=elt.properties.end(); i++) {
if (elt.type[*i].ty == Type::PTY_LIST) elt.list[*i] = std::vector<std::vector<size_t> >();
else elt.data[*i] = std::vector<float>();
}
/* parse all elements */
for (size_t e=0; e<elt.size; e++)
{
/* load all properties of the element */
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator i=elt.properties.begin(); i!=elt.properties.end(); i++) {
Type ty = elt.type[*i];
if (ty.ty == Type::PTY_LIST) loadPropertyList(elt.list[*i],ty.index,ty.data);
else loadPropertyData(elt.data[*i],ty.ty);
}
}
}
/* load bytes from file and take care of little and big endian encoding */
void readBytes(void* dst, int num) {
if (format == BINARY_LITTLE_ENDIAN) fs.read((char*)dst,num);
else if (format == BINARY_BIG_ENDIAN) for (int i=0; i<num; i++) fs.read((char*)dst+num-i-1,1);
else throw std::runtime_error("internal error on PLY loader");
}
int read_ascii_int () { int i; fs >> i; return i; }
float read_ascii_float() { float f; fs >> f; return f; }
signed char read_char () { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_int(); signed char r = 0; readBytes(&r,1); return r; }
unsigned char read_uchar () { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_int(); unsigned char r = 0; readBytes(&r,1); return r; }
signed short read_short () { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_int(); signed short r = 0; readBytes(&r,2); return r; }
unsigned short read_ushort() { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_int(); unsigned short r = 0; readBytes(&r,2); return r; }
signed int read_int () { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_int(); signed int r = 0; readBytes(&r,4); return r; }
unsigned int read_uint () { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_int(); unsigned int r = 0; readBytes(&r,4); return r; }
float read_float () { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_float(); float r = 0; readBytes(&r,4); return r; }
double read_double() { if (format == ASCII) return read_ascii_float(); double r = 0; readBytes(&r,8); return r; }
/* load an integer type */
size_t loadInteger(Type::Tag ty)
{
switch (ty) {
case Type::PTY_CHAR : return read_char(); break;
case Type::PTY_UCHAR : return read_uchar(); break;
case Type::PTY_SHORT : return read_short(); break;
case Type::PTY_USHORT : return read_ushort(); break;
case Type::PTY_INT : return read_int(); break;
case Type::PTY_UINT : return read_uint(); break;
default : throw std::runtime_error("invalid type"); return 0;
}
}
/* load a list */
void loadPropertyList(std::vector<std::vector<size_t> >& vec,Type::Tag index_ty,Type::Tag data_ty)
{
std::vector<size_t> lst;
size_t num = loadInteger(index_ty);
for (size_t i=0; i<num; i++) lst.push_back(loadInteger(data_ty));
vec.push_back(lst);
}
/* load a data element */
void loadPropertyData(std::vector<float>& vec, Type::Tag ty)
{
switch (ty) {
case Type::PTY_CHAR : vec.push_back(float(read_char())); break;
case Type::PTY_UCHAR : vec.push_back(float(read_uchar())); break;
case Type::PTY_SHORT : vec.push_back(float(read_short())); break;
case Type::PTY_USHORT : vec.push_back(float(read_ushort())); break;
case Type::PTY_INT : vec.push_back(float(read_int())); break;
case Type::PTY_UINT : vec.push_back(float(read_uint())); break;
case Type::PTY_FLOAT : vec.push_back(float(read_float())); break;
case Type::PTY_DOUBLE : vec.push_back(float(read_double())); break;
default : throw std::runtime_error("invalid type");
}
}
Ref<SceneGraph::Node> import()
{
Ref<SceneGraph::MaterialNode> material = new OBJMaterial;
Ref<SceneGraph::TriangleMeshNode> mesh_o = new SceneGraph::TriangleMeshNode(material,BBox1f(0,1),1);
/* convert all vertices */
const Element& vertices = mesh.elements.at("vertex");
const std::vector<float>& posx = vertices.data.at("x");
const std::vector<float>& posy = vertices.data.at("y");
const std::vector<float>& posz = vertices.data.at("z");
mesh_o->positions[0].resize(vertices.size);
for (size_t i=0; i<vertices.size; i++) {
mesh_o->positions[0][i].x = posx[i];
mesh_o->positions[0][i].y = posy[i];
mesh_o->positions[0][i].z = posz[i];
}
/* convert all faces */
const Element& faces = mesh.elements.at("face");
const std::vector<std::vector<size_t> >& polygons = faces.list.at("vertex_indices");
for (size_t j=0; j<polygons.size(); j++)
{
const std::vector<size_t>& face = polygons[j];
if (face.size() < 3) continue;
/* triangulate the face with a triangle fan */
size_t i0 = face[0], i1 = 0, i2 = face[1];
for (size_t k=2; k<face.size(); k++) {
i1 = i2; i2 = face[k];
mesh_o->triangles.push_back(SceneGraph::TriangleMeshNode::Triangle((unsigned int)i0, (unsigned int)i1, (unsigned int)i2));
}
}
return mesh_o.dynamicCast<SceneGraph::Node>();
}
};
Ref<Node> loadPLY(const FileName& fileName) {
return PlyParser(fileName).scene;
}
}
}
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