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--- Setting up /etc/aliases
Create /etc/aliases if it does not already exist. You should include
forwarding instructions for mailer-daemon, postmaster, and root:
root: alias
postmaster: alias
mailer-daemon: alias
Note that qmail never delivers mail to root. The instructions shown here
will deliver messages to the mailbox of the ``alias'' user.
For further details on the format of /etc/aliases, and a list of
sendmail compatibility warnings, see the newaliases man page.
--- Compiling /etc/aliases
Once /etc/aliases is ready, run newaliases to compile /etc/aliases into
/etc/aliases.cdb:
# newaliases
Review /etc/aliases.cdb to make sure it has the instructions you want:
% printforward < /etc/aliases.cdb | more
For the format of printforward's output, see the setforward man page.
If you change /etc/aliases you will have to run newaliases again. You
may want to add a comment at the top of /etc/aliases as a reminder.
--- Compiling :include: files
If you have an :include: file, say /etc/staff-list, compile it into
/etc/staff-list.bin:
# newinclude /etc/staff-list
See the newinclude man page for a list of sendmail compatibility
warnings. Review /etc/staff-list.bin:
% printmaillist < /etc/staff-list.bin | more
For the format of printmaillist's output, see the setmaillist man page.
If you change /etc/staff-list you will have to run newinclude again. You
may want to add a comment at the top of /etc/staff-list as a reminder.
--- Configuring qmail to use /etc/aliases
To activate /etc/aliases, put this line into ~alias/.qmail-default:
| fastforward -d /etc/aliases.cdb
If qmail is already running, make sure to chmod +t ~alias before you
edit .qmail files in ~alias, and chmod -t ~alias after.
--- Testing aliases
To check the expansion of postmaster@your.host without sending any mail:
% env DEFAULT=postmaster HOST=your.host fastforward -nd /etc/aliases.cdb
Replace your.host with your fully qualified domain name. Make sure to
include the -nd.
Next, try sending a message to postmaster@your.host. Watch the qmail log
and the final mailbox to make sure the alias works the way you want.
You can check other aliases the same way.
--- Using /etc/aliases for virtual domains
To put all addresses at virt.dom under control of /etc/aliases, add
virt.dom:alias
to /var/qmail/control/virtualdomains, and give qmail-send a HUP signal.
Also add
virt.dom
to /var/qmail/control/rcpthosts so that qmail accepts mail for virt.dom
from remote hosts. Now you can handle virt.dom in /etc/aliases:
billing@virt.dom: joe, fred
(this line catches all other addresses)@virt.dom: joe
Note that postmaster@virt.dom will go to joe; the @virt.dom instruction
overrides the postmaster instruction. Note, however, that other .qmail
files in ~alias override ~alias/.qmail-default, so you can set up
~alias/.qmail-postmaster to handle postmaster@everything.
Beware that sendmail does not support domain-specific instructions in
/etc/aliases; they are a fastforward feature.
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