1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657
|
/*
* Copyright (C) 2009 FAUmachine Team <info@faumachine.org>.
* This program is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License, either version 2 of
* the License, or (at your option) any later version. See COPYING.
*/
/*
* Translate a FAUmachine log of read hard disk blocks to an xfig image.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "../lib/glue-main.h"
static long max_blocks = 0;
/* bitmap of blocks, 0=block not read, 1=block read */
static unsigned char *blocks;
/* list of block accesses sorted ascending by simulation time,
* storing only the last access for a given block */
static struct {
long blockno;
long long time;
} accesses[2000000];
static unsigned int naccesses = 0;
/* forward access counter */
static unsigned int forward_counter = 0;
/* number of contiguous accesses by length */
static unsigned int contiguous[1024];
static void
register_read_access(long blockno)
{
static long last_block = -2;
static unsigned int nc = 1;
if ((blockno - last_block < 2) && (blockno - last_block > 0)) {
nc++;
} else {
/* start of a non-contiguous access */
assert(nc < (sizeof(contiguous) / sizeof(contiguous[0])));
contiguous[nc]++;
nc = 1;
}
last_block = blockno;
}
unsigned int
find_block(long blockno)
{
unsigned int i;
for (i = 0; i < naccesses; i++) {
if (accesses[i].blockno == blockno) {
return i;
}
}
assert(0);
return naccesses;
}
int
get_block(long blockno)
{
return (blocks[blockno >> 3] & (1 << (blockno & 0x7))) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
}
static void
set_block(long blockno, unsigned long long sim_time)
{
if (max_blocks < blockno) {
/* bad data */
assert(0);
return;
}
if (get_block(blockno)) {
unsigned int a = find_block(blockno);
assert(0 < naccesses);
memmove(&accesses[a], &accesses[a + 1],
(naccesses - a - 1) * sizeof(accesses[0]));
naccesses--;
} else {
blocks[blockno >> 3] |= (1 << (blockno & 0x7));
forward_counter++;
}
assert(naccesses < (sizeof(accesses) / sizeof(accesses[0])));
accesses[naccesses].time = sim_time;
accesses[naccesses].blockno = blockno;
naccesses++;
}
static long long
n_from_m(long long n, long long m)
{
long long erg = 1;
long long denom = 1;
unsigned int i;
/* m! / (m - n)! n! */
for (i = n + 1; i <= m; i++) {
erg *= i;
}
for (i = 1; i <= (m - n); i++) {
denom *= i;
}
return erg / denom;
}
static long double
probability_found(unsigned int i, const long double perr)
{
unsigned int l;
long double ret = 0.0;
for (l = 19; l <= i; l++) {
long double p = 1.0;
p *= powl(perr, l);
p *= powl(1.0 - perr, i - l);
p *= n_from_m(l, i);
ret += p;
}
return ret;
}
static long double
calculate_access_probability(void)
{
long double ret = 0.0;
long long t;
unsigned int i;
/* skip accesses before 10 minutes, since no faults can be
* injected there (making p=0 for these).
*/
for (i = 0; i < naccesses; i++) {
if (60 * 10 * TIME_HZ <= accesses[i].time) {
break;
}
}
t = 60 * 10 * TIME_HZ;
for (; i < naccesses; i++) {
if (t < accesses[i].time) {
const long remaining = naccesses - i - 1;
const long double perr = (accesses[i].time - t)
/ (long double)(50 * 60 * TIME_HZ);
const long double block_ratio =
remaining / (long double)max_blocks;
ret += perr * block_ratio;
t = accesses[i].time;
}
}
return ret;
}
static long double
calculate_probability(void)
{
long double perr;
long double erg = 0.0;
unsigned int i;
perr = calculate_access_probability();
fprintf(stderr, "Probability for 1 faulty block being accessed=%Lf\n",
perr);
for (i = 20; i <= 30; i++) {
erg += probability_found(i, perr);
}
erg /= 11.0;
return erg;
}
static void
write_reverse_access_output(FILE *f)
{
int i;
unsigned long long ltime;
if (naccesses == 0) {
return;
}
ltime = accesses[naccesses - 1].time;
for (i = naccesses - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
/* must be strictly ordered! */
assert(accesses[i].time <= ltime);
if (accesses[i].time < ltime) {
fprintf(f, "%lld %d\n", ltime, naccesses - i - 1);
ltime = accesses[i].time;
}
}
fprintf(f, "%lld %d\n", accesses[0].time, naccesses);
}
static void
write_adjacent(FILE *f)
{
int i, j;
unsigned long secs = 0;
unsigned long rs = 0;
double s = 0.0;
/* skip 0 entries */
i = sizeof(contiguous) / sizeof(contiguous[0]);
while ((0 < i) && (contiguous[i] == 0)) {
i--;
}
j = i;
for (/* nothing */; 0 < i; i--) {
fprintf(f, "%d %d\n", i, contiguous[i]);
secs += i * contiguous[i];
rs += contiguous[i];
}
for (i = j; 0 < i; i--) {
s += pow(i * contiguous[i] - (secs / (double)rs), 2.0);
}
fprintf(stderr, "Total sectors read=%ld\n", secs);
fprintf(stderr, "Average access length=%f\n", secs / (double) rs);
fprintf(stderr, "Standard deviation=%f\n", sqrt(s / (rs - 1)));
}
static void
xfig_rec(
FILE *f,
long recno,
int accessed,
int half_accessed,
int fully_accessed
)
{
const int thickness = 1;
const int pencolor = 0;
const int width = 135;
const int height = 90;
const int unit = 45;
int fillcolor = 0;
const int row = recno / 50;
const int col = recno % 50;
const int x = 315 + col * (width + unit);
const int y = 315 + row * (height + unit);
fillcolor = 7; /* white */
if (accessed) {
fillcolor = 3; /* cyan */
}
if (half_accessed) {
fillcolor = 14; /* green2 */
}
if (fully_accessed) {
fillcolor = 0; /* black */
}
fprintf(f, "2 2 0 %d %d %d 50 0 20 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 5\n",
thickness, pencolor, fillcolor);
fprintf(f, "\t%d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d\n",
x, y, x + width, y, x + width, y + height,
x, y + height, x, y);
}
static void
write_xfig_linear(FILE *f)
{
long bpr;
long cur_rec;
int state;
int state_full;
int na;
long i;
/* possible layouts to be readable in paper:
* 30x30 rectangles, with one rectangle having 4:2 ratio
* or
* 40x30 rectangles, with one rectangle having 3:2 ratio
* 50x40 rectangles
*/
/* using 40x30 here, so a total of 1200 rectangles */
assert(50 * 40 < max_blocks);
bpr = (max_blocks + (50 * 40) - 1) / (50 * 40);
cur_rec = 0;
state = 0;
state_full = 1;
na = 0;
for (i = 0; i < max_blocks; i++) {
int b = get_block(i);
state |= b;
state_full &= b;
if (b) {
na++;
}
if (i % bpr == bpr - 1) {
xfig_rec(f, cur_rec, state, 0.5 < na / (float)bpr, state_full);
cur_rec++;
state = 0;
state_full = 1;
na = 0;
}
}
}
static void
write_xfig_header(FILE *f)
{
/* cf. /usr/share/doc/xfig/FORMAT3.2.gz */
fprintf(f, "#FIG 3.2 Produced by hd_log2fix\n");
fprintf(f, "Landscape\n"); /* | Portrait */
fprintf(f, "Center\n"); /* | Flushleft */
fprintf(f, "Metric\n"); /* | Inches */
fprintf(f, "A4\n"); /* papersize size */
fprintf(f, "100.0\n"); /* scale */
fprintf(f, "Single\n"); /* | multiple page */
fprintf(f, "-3\n"); /* background=transparent */
fprintf(f, "1200 2\n"); /* resolution / coord system */
/* (origin == top left) */
}
static long int
time_to_seconds(unsigned long long t)
{
return t / TIME_HZ;
}
static void
write_xfig_time(FILE *f, unsigned long long sim_time)
{
const int color = 0;
const int font = 0; /* default latex font */
const float size = 20.0;
const float height = 1;
const float width = 1;
const int x = 315 + 25 * (135 + 45);
const int y = 315 + 40 * (90 + 45) + 300;
fprintf(f, "4 1 %d 50 0 %d %f 0.0 0 %f %f %d %d ",
color, font, size, height, width, x, y);
/* text */
fprintf(f, "Simulation Time: %lds", time_to_seconds(sim_time));
/* end text */
fprintf(f, "\\001\n");
}
static int
write_xfig(const char *logfile, unsigned long long sim_time)
{
FILE *f;
f = fopen(logfile, "w");
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open <%s> for writing: %s\n",
logfile, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
write_xfig_header(f);
if (ferror(f)) {
goto done;
}
write_xfig_linear(f);
write_xfig_time(f, sim_time);
if (ferror(f)) {
goto done;
}
done: ;
return fclose(f);
}
#define MAGIC_READ_MATCH "DEBUG: arch_ide_disk ide_gen_disk_read_raw:"
static int
eval_line(char *line, unsigned long long simtime, FILE *fo)
{
unsigned long long timestamp;
static unsigned long long last_timestamp = 0;
static unsigned int last_fwd_cnt = 0;
long read_block;
char *colon;
if (strncmp(line, MAGIC_READ_MATCH, strlen(MAGIC_READ_MATCH)) != 0) {
/* other entry: skip */
return 0;
}
line += strlen(MAGIC_READ_MATCH);
/* line contains: <simulation time>: reading from block <blockno> */
colon = strchr(line, ':');
if (colon == NULL) {
/* bad data */
return -1;
}
*colon = '\0';
timestamp = atoll(line);
if (simtime < timestamp) {
return -1;
}
line = colon + 1;
colon = strchr(line, 'k');
if (colon == NULL) {
/* bad data */
return -1;
}
colon++; /* k */
assert(*colon != '\0');
colon++; /* <space> */
assert(*colon != '\0');
read_block = atol(colon);
set_block(read_block, timestamp);
register_read_access(read_block);
if ((fo != NULL)
&& (last_timestamp < timestamp)
&& (last_fwd_cnt < forward_counter)) {
last_fwd_cnt = forward_counter;
last_timestamp = timestamp;
fprintf(fo, "%lld %d\n", timestamp, forward_counter);
}
return 0;
}
static void
parse_log(FILE *f, unsigned long long simtime, const char *plot_output)
{
char buffer[512];
char *ret;
int r = 0;
FILE *po;
if (plot_output != NULL) {
po = fopen(plot_output, "w");
if (po == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open <%s> for writing: %s\n",
plot_output, strerror(errno));
fprintf(stderr, "Disabling plot output\n");
plot_output = NULL;
}
} else {
po = NULL;
}
for (; r == 0;) {
ret = fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, f);
if (ret == NULL) {
break;
}
r = eval_line(buffer, simtime, po);
}
if (plot_output != NULL) {
assert(po != NULL);
r = fclose(po);
if (r < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error closing file <%s>: %s\n",
plot_output, strerror(errno));
}
}
}
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr, "hd_log2fig - translate a FAUmachine log of read "
"blocks to xfig image\n");
fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\thd_log2fig <options> <logfile>\n");
fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-m, --max-blocks=<mb>\t\t"
"hard disk has <mb> max blocks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-t, --time=<ticks>\t\t"
"show read blocks at <ticks> ticks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-x, --xfig=<file>\t\t"
"output snapshot to xfig <file>\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-r, --rplot=<file>\t\t"
"plot reverse access count function to <file>\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-p, --plot=<file>\t\t"
"plot access count function to <file>\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-c, --calculate \t\t"
"perform magic calculation, look at the source.\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a, --adjacent=<file> \t\t"
"print xfig diagram about adjacent accesses.\n");
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
FILE *f;
int ret;
unsigned long long simtime = 0;
const char *xfig_output = NULL;
const char *plot_output = NULL;
const char *rplot_output = NULL;
const char *logfile = NULL;
int calculate = 0;
const char *adjacent_output = NULL;
struct option l_opts[] = {
{"max-blocks", 1, NULL, 'm'},
{"time", 1, NULL, 't'},
{"xfig", 1, NULL, 'x'},
{"rplot", 1, NULL, 'r'},
{"plot", 1, NULL, 'p'},
{"calculate", 0, NULL, 'c'},
{"adjacent", 1, NULL, 'a'}
};
for (;;) {
char c;
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "m:t:x:r:p:ca:", l_opts, NULL);
if (c == -1) {
break;
}
switch (c) {
case 'm':
max_blocks = atol(optarg);
break;
case 't':
simtime = atoll(optarg);
break;
case 'x':
xfig_output = optarg;
break;
case 'p':
plot_output = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
rplot_output = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
calculate = 1;
break;
case 'a':
adjacent_output = optarg;
break;
default:
usage();
return 1;
}
}
if ((argc - optind != 1) || (simtime == 0) || (max_blocks == 0)) {
usage();
return 1;
}
logfile = argv[optind];
blocks = calloc(max_blocks >> 3, 1);
if (blocks == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "-ENOMEM\n");
return 1;
}
f = fopen(logfile, "r");
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open <%s>: %s\n",
logfile, strerror(errno));
return 1;
}
parse_log(f, simtime, plot_output);
ret = fclose(f);
assert(ret == 0);
if (xfig_output != NULL) {
ret = write_xfig(xfig_output, simtime);
}
if (rplot_output != NULL) {
int r1;
f = fopen(rplot_output, "w");
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open <%s> for "
"writing: %s\n", rplot_output,
strerror(errno));
fprintf(stderr, "Skipping reverse access output.\n");
return 1;
}
write_reverse_access_output(f);
r1 = fclose(f);
assert(r1 == 0);
}
if (calculate) {
long double p;
p = calculate_probability();
fprintf(stderr, "P=%Le\n", p);
}
if (adjacent_output != NULL) {
int r1;
f = fopen(adjacent_output, "w");
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open <%s> for "
"writing: %s\n", adjacent_output,
strerror(errno));
return 1;
}
write_adjacent(f);
r1 = fclose(f);
assert(r1 == 0);
}
return ret;
}
|