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<li class="nav-item" data-level="1"><a href="#basicslib" class="nav-link">basics.lib</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#conversion-tools" class="nav-link">Conversion Tools</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#basamp2sec" class="nav-link">(ba.)samp2sec</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#basec2samp" class="nav-link">(ba.)sec2samp</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#badb2linear" class="nav-link">(ba.)db2linear</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#balinear2db" class="nav-link">(ba.)linear2db</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#balin2loggain" class="nav-link">(ba.)lin2LogGain</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#balog2lingain" class="nav-link">(ba.)log2LinGain</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batau2pole" class="nav-link">(ba.)tau2pole</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapole2tau" class="nav-link">(ba.)pole2tau</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bamidikey2hz" class="nav-link">(ba.)midikey2hz</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bahz2midikey" class="nav-link">(ba.)hz2midikey</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#basemi2ratio" class="nav-link">(ba.)semi2ratio</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baratio2semi" class="nav-link">(ba.)ratio2semi</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bacent2ratio" class="nav-link">(ba.)cent2ratio</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baratio2cent" class="nav-link">(ba.)ratio2cent</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapianokey2hz" class="nav-link">(ba.)pianokey2hz</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bahz2pianokey" class="nav-link">(ba.)hz2pianokey</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#counters-and-timetempo-tools" class="nav-link">Counters and Time/Tempo Tools</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bacounter" class="nav-link">(ba.)counter</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bacountdown" class="nav-link">(ba.)countdown</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bacountup" class="nav-link">(ba.)countup</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#basweep" class="nav-link">(ba.)sweep</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batime" class="nav-link">(ba.)time</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baramp" class="nav-link">(ba.)ramp</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baline" class="nav-link">(ba.)line</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batempo" class="nav-link">(ba.)tempo</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baperiod" class="nav-link">(ba.)period</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapulse" class="nav-link">(ba.)pulse</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapulsen" class="nav-link">(ba.)pulsen</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bacycle" class="nav-link">(ba.)cycle</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babeat" class="nav-link">(ba.)beat</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapulse_countup" class="nav-link">(ba.)pulse_countup</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapulse_countdown" class="nav-link">(ba.)pulse_countdown</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapulse_countup_loop" class="nav-link">(ba.)pulse_countup_loop</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapulse_countdown_loop" class="nav-link">(ba.)pulse_countdown_loop</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baresetctr" class="nav-link">(ba.)resetCtr</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#array-processingpattern-matching" class="nav-link">Array Processing/Pattern Matching</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bacount" class="nav-link">(ba.)count</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batake" class="nav-link">(ba.)take</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#basubseq" class="nav-link">(ba.)subseq</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#function-tabulation" class="nav-link">Function tabulation</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batabulate" class="nav-link">(ba.)tabulate</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batabulate_chebychev" class="nav-link">(ba.)tabulate_chebychev</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#selectors-conditions" class="nav-link">Selectors (Conditions)</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baif" class="nav-link">(ba.)if</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baselector" class="nav-link">(ba.)selector</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baselect2stereo" class="nav-link">(ba.)select2stereo</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baselectn" class="nav-link">(ba.)selectn</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baselectmulti" class="nav-link">(ba.)selectmulti</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baselectoutn" class="nav-link">(ba.)selectoutn</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#other" class="nav-link">Other</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#balatch" class="nav-link">(ba.)latch</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#basandh" class="nav-link">(ba.)sAndH</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#badownsample" class="nav-link">(ba.)downSample</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapeakhold" class="nav-link">(ba.)peakhold</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#bapeakholder" class="nav-link">(ba.)peakholder</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baimpulsify" class="nav-link">(ba.)impulsify</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baautomat" class="nav-link">(ba.)automat</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babpf" class="nav-link">(ba.)bpf</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#balistinterp" class="nav-link">(ba.)listInterp</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babypass1" class="nav-link">(ba.)bypass1</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babypass2" class="nav-link">(ba.)bypass2</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babypass1to2" class="nav-link">(ba.)bypass1to2</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babypass_fade" class="nav-link">(ba.)bypass_fade</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#batoggle" class="nav-link">(ba.)toggle</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baon_and_off" class="nav-link">(ba.)on_and_off</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#babitcrusher" class="nav-link">(ba.)bitcrusher</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#sliding-reduce" class="nav-link">Sliding Reduce</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingreduce" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingReduce</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingsum" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingSum</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingsump" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingSump</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingmax" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingMax</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingmin" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingMin</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingmean" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingMean</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingmeanp" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingMeanp</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingrms" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingRMS</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baslidingrmsp" class="nav-link">(ba.)slidingRMSp</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="2"><a href="#parallel-operators" class="nav-link">Parallel Operators</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baparallelop" class="nav-link">(ba.)parallelOp</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baparallelmax" class="nav-link">(ba.)parallelMax</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baparallelmin" class="nav-link">(ba.)parallelMin</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baparallelmean" class="nav-link">(ba.)parallelMean</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-level="3"><a href="#baparallelrms" class="nav-link">(ba.)parallelRMS</a>
<ul class="nav flex-column">
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div></div>
<div class="col-md-9 main-container" role="main">
<h1 id="basicslib">basics.lib</h1>
<p>A library of basic elements. Its official prefix is <code>ba</code>.</p>
<h4 id="references">References</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/grame-cncm/faustlibraries/blob/master/basics.lib">https://github.com/grame-cncm/faustlibraries/blob/master/basics.lib</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="conversion-tools">Conversion Tools</h2>
<hr />
<h3 id="basamp2sec"><code>(ba.)samp2sec</code></h3>
<p>Converts a number of samples to a duration in seconds at the current sampling rate (see <code>ma.SR</code>).
<code>samp2sec</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>samp2sec(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: number of samples</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="basec2samp"><code>(ba.)sec2samp</code></h3>
<p>Converts a duration in seconds to a number of samples at the current sampling rate (see <code>ma.SR</code>).
<code>samp2sec</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_1">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>sec2samp(d) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>d</code>: duration in seconds</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="badb2linear"><code>(ba.)db2linear</code></h3>
<p>Converts a loudness in dB to a linear gain (0-1).
<code>db2linear</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_2">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>db2linear(l) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>l</code>: loudness in dB</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="balinear2db"><code>(ba.)linear2db</code></h3>
<p>Converts a linear gain (0-1) to a loudness in dB.
<code>linear2db</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_3">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>linear2db(g) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>g</code>: a linear gain</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="balin2loggain"><code>(ba.)lin2LogGain</code></h3>
<p>Converts a linear gain (0-1) to a log gain (0-1).</p>
<h4 id="usage_4">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>lin2LogGain(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the linear gain</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="balog2lingain"><code>(ba.)log2LinGain</code></h3>
<p>Converts a log gain (0-1) to a linear gain (0-1).</p>
<h4 id="usage_5">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>log2LinGain(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the log gain</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="batau2pole"><code>(ba.)tau2pole</code></h3>
<p>Returns a real pole giving exponential decay.
Note that t60 (time to decay 60 dB) is ~6.91 time constants.
<code>tau2pole</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_6">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : smooth(tau2pole(tau)) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>tau</code>: time-constant in seconds</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapole2tau"><code>(ba.)pole2tau</code></h3>
<p>Returns the time-constant, in seconds, corresponding to the given real,
positive pole in (0-1).
<code>pole2tau</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_7">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>pole2tau(pole) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>pole</code>: the pole</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bamidikey2hz"><code>(ba.)midikey2hz</code></h3>
<p>Converts a MIDI key number to a frequency in Hz (MIDI key 69 = A440).
<code>midikey2hz</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_8">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>midikey2hz(mk) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>mk</code>: the MIDI key number</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bahz2midikey"><code>(ba.)hz2midikey</code></h3>
<p>Converts a frequency in Hz to a MIDI key number (MIDI key 69 = A440).
<code>hz2midikey</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_9">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>hz2midikey(freq) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>freq</code>: frequency in Hz</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="basemi2ratio"><code>(ba.)semi2ratio</code></h3>
<p>Converts semitones in a frequency multiplicative ratio.
<code>semi2ratio</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_10">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>semi2ratio(semi) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>semi</code>: number of semitone</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baratio2semi"><code>(ba.)ratio2semi</code></h3>
<p>Converts a frequency multiplicative ratio in semitones.
<code>ratio2semi</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_11">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>ratio2semi(ratio) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ratio</code>: frequency multiplicative ratio</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bacent2ratio"><code>(ba.)cent2ratio</code></h3>
<p>Converts cents in a frequency multiplicative ratio.</p>
<h4 id="usage_12">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>cent2ratio(cent) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>cent</code>: number of cents</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baratio2cent"><code>(ba.)ratio2cent</code></h3>
<p>Converts a frequency multiplicative ratio in cents.</p>
<h4 id="usage_13">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>ratio2cent(ratio) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>ratio</code>: frequency multiplicative ratio</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapianokey2hz"><code>(ba.)pianokey2hz</code></h3>
<p>Converts a piano key number to a frequency in Hz (piano key 49 = A440).</p>
<h4 id="usage_14">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>pianokey2hz(pk) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>pk</code>: the piano key number</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bahz2pianokey"><code>(ba.)hz2pianokey</code></h3>
<p>Converts a frequency in Hz to a piano key number (piano key 49 = A440).</p>
<h4 id="usage_15">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>hz2pianokey(freq) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>freq</code>: frequency in Hz</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="counters-and-timetempo-tools">Counters and Time/Tempo Tools</h2>
<hr />
<h3 id="bacounter"><code>(ba.)counter</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting 0, 1, 2, 3..., and raise the current integer value
at each upfront of the trigger.</p>
<h4 id="usage_16">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>counter(trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal, each upfront will move the counter to the next integer</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bacountdown"><code>(ba.)countdown</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting down from n included to 0. While trig is 1 the output is n.
The countdown starts with the transition of trig from 1 to 0. At the end
of the countdown the output value will remain at 0 until the next trig.
<code>countdown</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_17">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>countdown(n,trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the starting point of the countdown</li>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal (1: start at <code>n</code>; 0: decrease until 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bacountup"><code>(ba.)countup</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting up from 0 to n included. While trig is 1 the output is 0.
The countup starts with the transition of trig from 1 to 0. At the end
of the countup the output value will remain at n until the next trig.
<code>countup</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_18">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>countup(n,trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the maximum count value</li>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal (1: start at 0; 0: increase until <code>n</code>)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="basweep"><code>(ba.)sweep</code></h3>
<p>Counts from 0 to <code>period-1</code> repeatedly, generating a
sawtooth waveform, like <code>os.lf_rawsaw</code>,
starting at 1 when <code>run</code> transitions from 0 to 1.
Outputs zero while <code>run</code> is 0.</p>
<h4 id="usage_19">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>sweep(period,run) : _
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="batime"><code>(ba.)time</code></h3>
<p>A simple timer that counts every samples from the beginning of the process.
<code>time</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_20">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>time : _
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="baramp"><code>(ba.)ramp</code></h3>
<p>A linear ramp with a slope of '(+/-)1/n' samples to reach the next value.</p>
<h4 id="usage_21">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : ramp(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: number of samples to increment/decrement the value by one</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baline"><code>(ba.)line</code></h3>
<p>A linear ramp to reach a next value in 'n' samples.
Note that the interpolation process is restarted every time
the desired output value changes, the interpolation time is sampled only then.</p>
<h4 id="usage_22">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : line(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: number of samples to reach the next value</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="batempo"><code>(ba.)tempo</code></h3>
<p>Converts a tempo in BPM into a number of samples.</p>
<h4 id="usage_23">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>tempo(t) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>t</code>: tempo in BPM</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baperiod"><code>(ba.)period</code></h3>
<p>Basic sawtooth wave of period <code>p</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_24">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>period(p) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>p</code>: period as a number of samples</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapulse"><code>(ba.)pulse</code></h3>
<p>Pulses (like 10000) generated at period <code>p</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_25">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>pulse(p) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>p</code>: period as a number of samples</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapulsen"><code>(ba.)pulsen</code></h3>
<p>Pulses (like 11110000) of length <code>n</code> generated at period <code>p</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_26">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>pulsen(n,p) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: pulse length as a number of samples</li>
<li><code>p</code>: period as a number of samples</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bacycle"><code>(ba.)cycle</code></h3>
<p>Split nonzero input values into <code>n</code> cycles.</p>
<h4 id="usage_27">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : cycle(n) : si.bus(n)
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of cycles/output signals</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="babeat"><code>(ba.)beat</code></h3>
<p>Pulses at tempo <code>t</code>.
<code>beat</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_28">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>beat(t) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>t</code>: tempo in BPM</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapulse_countup"><code>(ba.)pulse_countup</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting up pulses. While trig is 1 the output is
counting up, while trig is 0 the counter is reset to 0.</p>
<h4 id="usage_29">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : pulse_countup(trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal (1: start at next pulse; 0: reset to 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapulse_countdown"><code>(ba.)pulse_countdown</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting down pulses. While trig is 1 the output is
counting down, while trig is 0 the counter is reset to 0.</p>
<h4 id="usage_30">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : pulse_countdown(trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal (1: start at next pulse; 0: reset to 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapulse_countup_loop"><code>(ba.)pulse_countup_loop</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting up pulses from 0 to n included. While trig is 1 the output is
counting up, while trig is 0 the counter is reset to 0. At the end
of the countup (n) the output value will be reset to 0.</p>
<h4 id="usage_31">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : pulse_countup_loop(n,trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the highest number of the countup (included) before reset to 0</li>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal (1: start at next pulse; 0: reset to 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapulse_countdown_loop"><code>(ba.)pulse_countdown_loop</code></h3>
<p>Starts counting down pulses from 0 to n included. While trig is 1 the output
is counting down, while trig is 0 the counter is reset to 0. At the end
of the countdown(n) the output value will be reset to 0.</p>
<h4 id="usage_32">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : pulse_countdown_loop(n,trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the highest number of the countup (included) before reset to 0</li>
<li><code>trig</code>: the trigger signal (1: start at next pulse; 0: reset to 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baresetctr"><code>(ba.)resetCtr</code></h3>
<p>Function that lets through the mth impulse out of
each consecutive group of <code>n</code> impulses.</p>
<h4 id="usage_33">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : resetCtr(n,m) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the total number of impulses being split</li>
<li><code>m</code>: index of impulse to allow to be output</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="array-processingpattern-matching">Array Processing/Pattern Matching</h2>
<hr />
<h3 id="bacount"><code>(ba.)count</code></h3>
<p>Count the number of elements of list l.
<code>count</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_34">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>count(l)
count((10,20,30,40)) -> 4
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>l</code>: list of elements</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="batake"><code>(ba.)take</code></h3>
<p>Take an element from a list.
<code>take</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_35">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>take(P,l)
take(3,(10,20,30,40)) -> 30
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>P</code>: position (int, known at compile time, P > 0)</li>
<li><code>l</code>: list of elements</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="basubseq"><code>(ba.)subseq</code></h3>
<p>Extract a part of a list.</p>
<h4 id="usage_36">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>subseq(l, P, N)
subseq((10,20,30,40,50,60), 1, 3) -> (20,30,40)
subseq((10,20,30,40,50,60), 4, 1) -> 50
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>l</code>: list</li>
<li><code>P</code>: start point (int, known at compile time, 0: begin of list)</li>
<li><code>N</code>: number of elements (int, known at compile time)</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="note">Note:</h4>
<p>Faust doesn't have proper lists. Lists are simulated with parallel
compositions and there is no empty list.</p>
<h2 id="function-tabulation">Function tabulation</h2>
<p>The purpose of function tabulation is to speed up the computation of heavy functions over an interval,
so that the computation at runtime can be faster than directly using the function.
Two techniques are implemented: </p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>tabulate</code> computes the function in a table and read the points using interpolation</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>tabulate_chebychev</code> uses Chebyshev polynomial approximation</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="comparison-program-example">Comparison program example</h4>
<pre><code>process = line(50000, r0, r1) <: FX-tb,FX-ch : par(i, 2, maxerr)
with {
C = 0;
FX = sin;
NX = 50;
CD = 3;
r0 = 0;
r1 = ma.PI;
tb(x) = ba.tabulate(C, FX, NX*(CD+1), r0, r1, x).cub;
ch(x) = ba.tabulate_chebychev(C, FX, NX, CD, r0, r1, x);
maxerr = abs : max ~ _;
line(n, x0, x1) = x0 + (ba.time%n)/n * (x1-x0);
};
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="batabulate"><code>(ba.)tabulate</code></h3>
<p>Tabulate a 1D function over the range [r0, r1] for access via nearest-value, linear, cubic interpolation.
In other words, the uniformly tabulated function can be evaluated using interpolation of order 0 (none), 1 (linear), or 3 (cubic).</p>
<h4 id="usage_37">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>tabulate(C, FX, S, r0, r1, x).(val|lin|cub) : _
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>C</code>: whether to dynamically force the <code>x</code> value to the range [r0, r1]: 1 forces the check, 0 deactivates it (constant numerical expression)</li>
<li><code>FX</code>: unary function Y=F(X) with one output (scalar function of one variable) </li>
<li><code>S</code>: size of the table in samples (constant numerical expression)</li>
<li><code>r0</code>: minimum value of argument x</li>
<li><code>r1</code>: maximum value of argument x</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>tabulate(C, FX, S, r0, r1, x).val uses the value in the table closest to x
</code></pre>
<pre><code>tabulate(C, FX, S, r0, r1, x).lin evaluates at x using linear interpolation between the closest stored values
</code></pre>
<pre><code>tabulate(C, FX, S, r0, r1, x).cub evaluates at x using cubic interpolation between the closest stored values
</code></pre>
<h4 id="example-test-program">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>midikey2hz(mk) = ba.tabulate(1, ba.midikey2hz, 512, 0, 127, mk).lin;
process = midikey2hz(ba.time), ba.midikey2hz(ba.time);
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="batabulate_chebychev"><code>(ba.)tabulate_chebychev</code></h3>
<p>Tabulate a 1D function over the range [r0, r1] for access via Chebyshev polynomial approximation.
In contrast to <code>(ba.)tabulate</code>, which interpolates only between tabulated samples, <code>(ba.)tabulate_chebychev</code>
stores coefficients of Chebyshev polynomials that are evaluated to provide better approximations in many cases.
Two new arguments controlling this are NX, the number of segments into which [r0, r1] is divided, and CD,
the maximum Chebyshev polynomial degree to use for each segment. A <code>rdtable</code> of size NX*(CD+1) is internally used.</p>
<p>Note that processing <code>r1</code> the last point in the interval is not safe. So either be sure the input stays in [r0, r1[
or use <code>C = 1</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_38">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : tabulate_chebychev(C, FX, NX, CD, r0, r1) : _
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>C</code>: whether to dynamically force the value to the range [r0, r1]: 1 forces the check, 0 deactivates it (constant numerical expression)</li>
<li><code>FX</code>: unary function Y=F(X) with one output (scalar function of one variable)</li>
<li><code>NX</code>: number of segments for uniformly partitioning [r0, r1] (constant numerical expression)</li>
<li><code>CD</code>: maximum polynomial degree for each Chebyshev polynomial (constant numerical expression)</li>
<li><code>r0</code>: minimum value of argument x</li>
<li><code>r1</code>: maximum value of argument x</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="example-test-program_1">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>midikey2hz_chebychev(mk) = ba.tabulate_chebychev(1, ba.midikey2hz, 100, 4, 0, 127, mk);
process = midikey2hz_chebychev(ba.time), ba.midikey2hz(ba.time);
</code></pre>
<h2 id="selectors-conditions">Selectors (Conditions)</h2>
<hr />
<h3 id="baif"><code>(ba.)if</code></h3>
<p>if-then-else implemented with a select2. WARNING: since <code>select2</code> is strict (always evaluating both branches),
the resulting if does not have the usual "lazy" semantic of the C if form, and thus cannot be used to
protect against forbidden computations like division-by-zero for instance.</p>
<h4 id="usage_39">Usage</h4>
<ul>
<li><code>if(cond, then, else) : _</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>cond</code>: condition</li>
<li><code>then</code>: signal selected while cond is true</li>
<li><code>else</code>: signal selected while cond is false</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baselector"><code>(ba.)selector</code></h3>
<p>Selects the ith input among n at compile time.</p>
<h4 id="usage_40">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>selector(I,N)
_,_,_,_ : selector(2,4) : _ // selects the 3rd input among 4
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>I</code>: input to select (int, numbered from 0, known at compile time)</li>
<li><code>N</code>: number of inputs (int, known at compile time, N > I)</li>
</ul>
<p>There is also cselector for selecting among complex input signals of the form (real,imag).</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="baselect2stereo"><code>(ba.)select2stereo</code></h3>
<p>Select between 2 stereo signals.</p>
<h4 id="usage_41">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_,_,_,_ : select2stereo(bpc) : _,_
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>bpc</code>: the selector switch (0/1)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baselectn"><code>(ba.)selectn</code></h3>
<p>Selects the ith input among N at run time.</p>
<h4 id="usage_42">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>selectn(N,i)
_,_,_,_ : selectn(4,2) : _ // selects the 3rd input among 4
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: number of inputs (int, known at compile time, N > 0)</li>
<li><code>i</code>: input to select (int, numbered from 0)</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="example-test-program_2">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>N = 64;
process = par(n, N, (par(i,N,i) : selectn(N,n)));
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="baselectmulti"><code>(ba.)selectmulti</code></h3>
<p>Selects the ith circuit among N at run time (all should have the same number of inputs and outputs)
with a crossfade.</p>
<h4 id="usage_43">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>selectmulti(n,lgen,id)
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: crossfade in samples</li>
<li><code>lgen</code>: list of circuits</li>
<li><code>id</code>: circuit to select (int, numbered from 0)</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="example-test-program_3">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>process = selectmulti(ma.SR/10, ((3,9),(2,8),(5,7)), nentry("choice", 0, 0, 2, 1));
process = selectmulti(ma.SR/10, ((_*3,_*9),(_*2,_*8),(_*5,_*7)), nentry("choice", 0, 0, 2, 1));
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="baselectoutn"><code>(ba.)selectoutn</code></h3>
<p>Route input to the output among N at run time.</p>
<h4 id="usage_44">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : selectoutn(N, i) : si.bus(N)
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: number of outputs (int, known at compile time, N > 0)</li>
<li><code>i</code>: output number to route to (int, numbered from 0) (i.e. slider)</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="example-test-program_4">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>process = 1 : selectoutn(3, sel) : par(i, 3, vbargraph("v.bargraph %i", 0, 1));
sel = hslider("volume", 0, 0, 2, 1) : int;
</code></pre>
<h2 id="other">Other</h2>
<hr />
<h3 id="balatch"><code>(ba.)latch</code></h3>
<p>Latch input on positive-going transition of trig:"records" the input when trig
switches from 0 to 1, outputs a frozen values everytime else.</p>
<h4 id="usage_45">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : latch(trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>trig</code>: hold trigger (0 for hold, 1 for bypass)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="basandh"><code>(ba.)sAndH</code></h3>
<p>Sample And Hold: "records" the input when trig is 1, outputs a frozen value when trig is 0.
<code>sAndH</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_46">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : sAndH(trig) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>trig</code>: hold trigger (0 for hold, 1 for bypass)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="badownsample"><code>(ba.)downSample</code></h3>
<p>Down sample a signal. WARNING: this function doesn't change the
rate of a signal, it just holds samples...
<code>downSample</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_47">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : downSample(freq) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>freq</code>: new rate in Hz</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapeakhold"><code>(ba.)peakhold</code></h3>
<p>Outputs current max value above zero.</p>
<h4 id="usage_48">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : peakhold(mode) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<p><code>mode</code> means:
0 - Pass through. A single sample 0 trigger will work as a reset.
1 - Track and hold max value.</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="bapeakholder"><code>(ba.)peakholder</code></h3>
<p>While peak-holder functions are scarcely discussed in the literature
(please do send me an email if you know otherwise), common sense
tells that the expected behaviour should be as follows: the absolute
value of the input signal is compared with the output of the peak-holder;
if the input is greater or equal to the output, a new peak is detected
and sent to the output; otherwise, a timer starts and the current peak
is held for N samples; once the timer is out and no new peaks have been
detected, the absolute value of the current input becomes the new peak.</p>
<h4 id="usage_49">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : peakholder(holdTime) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>holdTime</code>: hold time in samples</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baimpulsify"><code>(ba.)impulsify</code></h3>
<p>Turns a signal into an impulse with the value of the current sample
(0.3,0.2,0.1 becomes 0.3,0.0,0.0). This function is typically used with a
<code>button</code> to turn its output into an impulse. <code>impulsify</code> is a standard Faust
function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_50">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>button("gate") : impulsify;
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="baautomat"><code>(ba.)automat</code></h3>
<p>Record and replay in a loop the successives values of the input signal.</p>
<h4 id="usage_51">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>hslider(...) : automat(t, size, init) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>t</code>: tempo in BPM</li>
<li><code>size</code>: number of items in the loop</li>
<li><code>init</code>: init value in the loop</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="babpf"><code>(ba.)bpf</code></h3>
<p>bpf is an environment (a group of related definitions) that can be used to
create break-point functions. It contains three functions:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>start(x,y)</code> to start a break-point function</li>
<li><code>end(x,y)</code> to end a break-point function</li>
<li><code>point(x,y)</code> to add intermediate points to a break-point function</li>
</ul>
<p>A minimal break-point function must contain at least a start and an end point:</p>
<pre><code>f = bpf.start(x0,y0) : bpf.end(x1,y1);
</code></pre>
<p>A more involved break-point function can contains any number of intermediate
points:</p>
<pre><code>f = bpf.start(x0,y0) : bpf.point(x1,y1) : bpf.point(x2,y2) : bpf.end(x3,y3);
</code></pre>
<p>In any case the <code>x_{i}</code> must be in increasing order (for all <code>i</code>, <code>x_{i} < x_{i+1}</code>).
For example the following definition:</p>
<pre><code>f = bpf.start(x0,y0) : ... : bpf.point(xi,yi) : ... : bpf.end(xn,yn);
</code></pre>
<p>implements a break-point function f such that:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>f(x) = y_{0}</code> when <code>x < x_{0}</code></li>
<li><code>f(x) = y_{n}</code> when <code>x > x_{n}</code></li>
<li><code>f(x) = y_{i} + (y_{i+1}-y_{i})*(x-x_{i})/(x_{i+1}-x_{i})</code> when <code>x_{i} <= x</code>
and <code>x < x_{i+1}</code></li>
</ul>
<p><code>bpf</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="balistinterp"><code>(ba.)listInterp</code></h3>
<p>Linearly interpolates between the elements of a list.</p>
<h4 id="usage_52">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>index = 1.69; // range is 0-4
process = listInterp((800,400,350,450,325),index);
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>index</code>: the index (float) to interpolate between the different values.
The range of <code>index</code> depends on the size of the list.</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="babypass1"><code>(ba.)bypass1</code></h3>
<p>Takes a mono input signal, route it to <code>e</code> and bypass it if <code>bpc = 1</code>.
When bypassed, <code>e</code> is feed with zeros so that its state is cleanup up.
<code>bypass1</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_53">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : bypass1(bpc,e) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>bpc</code>: bypass switch (0/1)</li>
<li><code>e</code>: a mono effect</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="babypass2"><code>(ba.)bypass2</code></h3>
<p>Takes a stereo input signal, route it to <code>e</code> and bypass it if <code>bpc = 1</code>.
When bypassed, <code>e</code> is feed with zeros so that its state is cleanup up.
<code>bypass2</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_54">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_,_ : bypass2(bpc,e) : _,_
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>bpc</code>: bypass switch (0/1)</li>
<li><code>e</code>: a stereo effect</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="babypass1to2"><code>(ba.)bypass1to2</code></h3>
<p>Bypass switch for effect <code>e</code> having mono input signal and stereo output.
Effect <code>e</code> is bypassed if <code>bpc = 1</code>.When bypassed, <code>e</code> is feed with zeros
so that its state is cleanup up.
<code>bypass1to2</code> is a standard Faust function.</p>
<h4 id="usage_55">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : bypass1to2(bpc,e) : _,_
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>bpc</code>: bypass switch (0/1)</li>
<li><code>e</code>: a mono-to-stereo effect</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="babypass_fade"><code>(ba.)bypass_fade</code></h3>
<p>Bypass an arbitrary (N x N) circuit with 'n' samples crossfade.
Inputs and outputs signals are faded out when 'e' is bypassed,
so that 'e' state is cleanup up.
Once bypassed the effect is replaced by <code>par(i,N,_)</code>.
Bypassed circuits can be chained.</p>
<h4 id="usage_56">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : bypass_fade(n,b,e) : _
or
_,_ : bypass_fade(n,b,e) : _,_
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: number of samples for the crossfade</li>
<li><code>b</code>: bypass switch (0/1)</li>
<li><code>e</code>: N x N circuit</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="example-test-program_5">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>process = bypass_fade(ma.SR/10, checkbox("bypass echo"), echo);
process = bypass_fade(ma.SR/10, checkbox("bypass reverb"), freeverb);
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="batoggle"><code>(ba.)toggle</code></h3>
<p>Triggered by the change of 0 to 1, it toggles the output value
between 0 and 1.</p>
<h4 id="usage_57">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : toggle : _
</code></pre>
<h4 id="example-test-program_6">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>button("toggle") : toggle : vbargraph("output", 0, 1)
(an.amp_follower(0.1) > 0.01) : toggle : vbargraph("output", 0, 1) // takes audio input
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="baon_and_off"><code>(ba.)on_and_off</code></h3>
<p>The first channel set the output to 1, the second channel to 0.</p>
<h4 id="usage_58">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_,_ : on_and_off : _
</code></pre>
<h4 id="example-test-program_7">Example test program</h4>
<pre><code>button("on"), button("off") : on_and_off : vbargraph("output", 0, 1)
</code></pre>
<hr />
<h3 id="babitcrusher"><code>(ba.)bitcrusher</code></h3>
<p>Produce distortion by reduction of the signal resolution.</p>
<h4 id="usage_59">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : bitcrusher(nbits) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>nbits</code>: the number of bits of the wanted resolution</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="sliding-reduce">Sliding Reduce</h2>
<p>Provides various operations on the last n samples using a high order
<code>slidingReduce(op,n,maxN,disabledVal,x)</code> fold-like function:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>slidingSum(n)</code>: the sliding sum of the last n input samples, CPU-light</li>
<li><code>slidingSump(n,maxN)</code>: the sliding sum of the last n input samples, numerically stable "forever"</li>
<li><code>slidingMax(n,maxN)</code>: the sliding max of the last n input samples</li>
<li><code>slidingMin(n,maxN)</code>: the sliding min of the last n input samples</li>
<li><code>slidingMean(n)</code>: the sliding mean of the last n input samples, CPU-light</li>
<li><code>slidingMeanp(n,maxN)</code>: the sliding mean of the last n input samples, numerically stable "forever"</li>
<li><code>slidingRMS(n)</code>: the sliding RMS of the last n input samples, CPU-light</li>
<li><code>slidingRMSp(n,maxN)</code>: the sliding RMS of the last n input samples, numerically stable "forever"</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="working-principle">Working Principle</h4>
<p>If we want the maximum of the last 8 values, we can do that as:</p>
<pre><code>simpleMax(x) =
(
(
max(x@0,x@1),
max(x@2,x@3)
) :max
),
(
(
max(x@4,x@5),
max(x@6,x@7)
) :max
)
:max;
</code></pre>
<p><code>max(x@2,x@3)</code> is the same as <code>max(x@0,x@1)@2</code> but the latter re-uses a
value we already computed,so is more efficient. Using the same trick for
values 4 trough 7, we can write:</p>
<pre><code>efficientMax(x)=
(
(
max(x@0,x@1),
max(x@0,x@1)@2
) :max
),
(
(
max(x@0,x@1),
max(x@0,x@1)@2
) :max@4
)
:max;
</code></pre>
<p>We can rewrite it recursively, so it becomes possible to get the maximum at
have any number of values, as long as it's a power of 2.</p>
<pre><code>recursiveMax =
case {
(1,x) => x;
(N,x) => max(recursiveMax(N/2,x), recursiveMax(N/2,x)@(N/2));
};
</code></pre>
<p>What if we want to look at a number of values that's not a power of 2?
For each value, we will have to decide whether to use it or not.
If n is bigger than the index of the value, we use it, otherwise we replace
it with (<code>0-(ma.MAX)</code>):</p>
<pre><code>variableMax(n,x) =
max(
max(
(
(x@0 : useVal(0)),
(x@1 : useVal(1))
):max,
(
(x@2 : useVal(2)),
(x@3 : useVal(3))
):max
),
max(
(
(x@4 : useVal(4)),
(x@5 : useVal(5))
):max,
(
(x@6 : useVal(6)),
(x@7 : useVal(7))
):max
)
)
with {
useVal(i) = select2((n>=i) , (0-(ma.MAX)),_);
};
</code></pre>
<p>Now it becomes impossible to re-use any values. To fix that let's first look
at how we'd implement it using recursiveMax, but with a fixed n that is not
a power of 2. For example, this is how you'd do it with <code>n=3</code>:</p>
<pre><code>binaryMaxThree(x) =
(
recursiveMax(1,x)@0, // the first x
recursiveMax(2,x)@1 // the second and third x
):max;
</code></pre>
<p><code>n=6</code></p>
<pre><code>binaryMaxSix(x) =
(
recursiveMax(2,x)@0, // first two
recursiveMax(4,x)@2 // third trough sixth
):max;
</code></pre>
<p>Note that <code>recursiveMax(2,x)</code> is used at a different delay then in
<code>binaryMaxThree</code>, since it represents 1 and 2, not 2 and 3. Each block is
delayed the combined size of the previous blocks.</p>
<p><code>n=7</code></p>
<pre><code>binaryMaxSeven(x) =
(
(
recursiveMax(1,x)@0, // first x
recursiveMax(2,x)@1 // second and third
):max,
(
recursiveMax(4,x)@3 // fourth trough seventh
)
):max;
</code></pre>
<p>To make a variable version, we need to know which powers of two are used,
and at which delay time.</p>
<p>Then it becomes a matter of:</p>
<ul>
<li>lining up all the different block sizes in parallel: <code>sequentialOperatorParOut()</code></li>
<li>delaying each the appropriate amount: <code>sumOfPrevBlockSizes()</code></li>
<li>turning it on or off: <code>useVal()</code></li>
<li>getting the maximum of all of them: <code>parallelOp()</code></li>
</ul>
<p>In Faust, we can only do that for a fixed maximum number of values: <code>maxN</code>, known at compile time.</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingreduce"><code>(ba.)slidingReduce</code></h3>
<p>Fold-like high order function. Apply a commutative binary operation <code>op</code> to
the last <code>n</code> consecutive samples of a signal <code>x</code>. For example :
<code>slidingReduce(max,128,128,0-(ma.MAX))</code> will compute the maximum of the last
128 samples. The output is updated each sample, unlike reduce, where the
output is constant for the duration of a block.</p>
<h4 id="usage_60">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingReduce(op,n,maxN,disabledVal) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
<li><code>maxN</code>: the maximum number of values to process (int, known at compile time, maxN > 0)</li>
<li><code>op</code>: the operator. Needs to be a commutative one.</li>
<li><code>disabledVal</code>: the value to use when we want to ignore a value.</li>
</ul>
<p>In other words, <code>op(x,disabledVal)</code> should equal to <code>x</code>. For example,
<code>+(x,0)</code> equals <code>x</code> and <code>min(x,ma.MAX)</code> equals <code>x</code>. So if we want to
calculate the sum, we need to give 0 as <code>disabledVal</code>, and if we want the
minimum, we need to give <code>ma.MAX</code> as <code>disabledVal</code>.</p>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingsum"><code>(ba.)slidingSum</code></h3>
<p>The sliding sum of the last n input samples.</p>
<p>It will eventually run into numerical trouble when there is a persistent dc component.
If that matters in your application, use the more CPU-intensive <code>ba.slidingSump</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_61">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingSum(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingsump"><code>(ba.)slidingSump</code></h3>
<p>The sliding sum of the last n input samples.</p>
<p>It uses a lot more CPU than <code>ba.slidingSum</code>, but is numerically stable "forever" in return.</p>
<h4 id="usage_62">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingSump(n,maxN) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
<li><code>maxN</code>: the maximum number of values to process (int, known at compile time, maxN > 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingmax"><code>(ba.)slidingMax</code></h3>
<p>The sliding maximum of the last n input samples.</p>
<h4 id="usage_63">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingMax(n,maxN) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
<li><code>maxN</code>: the maximum number of values to process (int, known at compile time, maxN > 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingmin"><code>(ba.)slidingMin</code></h3>
<p>The sliding minimum of the last n input samples.</p>
<h4 id="usage_64">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingMin(n,maxN) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
<li><code>maxN</code>: the maximum number of values to process (int, known at compile time, maxN > 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingmean"><code>(ba.)slidingMean</code></h3>
<p>The sliding mean of the last n input samples.</p>
<p>It will eventually run into numerical trouble when there is a persistent dc component.
If that matters in your application, use the more CPU-intensive <code>ba.slidingMeanp</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_65">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingMean(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingmeanp"><code>(ba.)slidingMeanp</code></h3>
<p>The sliding mean of the last n input samples.</p>
<p>It uses a lot more CPU than <code>ba.slidingMean</code>, but is numerically stable "forever" in return.</p>
<h4 id="usage_66">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingMeanp(n,maxN) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
<li><code>maxN</code>: the maximum number of values to process (int, known at compile time, maxN > 0)</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingrms"><code>(ba.)slidingRMS</code></h3>
<p>The root mean square of the last n input samples.</p>
<p>It will eventually run into numerical trouble when there is a persistent dc component.
If that matters in your application, use the more CPU-intensive <code>ba.slidingRMSp</code>.</p>
<h4 id="usage_67">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingRMS(n) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baslidingrmsp"><code>(ba.)slidingRMSp</code></h3>
<p>The root mean square of the last n input samples.</p>
<p>It uses a lot more CPU than <code>ba.slidingRMS</code>, but is numerically stable "forever" in return.</p>
<h4 id="usage_68">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>_ : slidingRMSp(n,maxN) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>n</code>: the number of values to process</li>
<li><code>maxN</code>: the maximum number of values to process (int, known at compile time, maxN > 0)</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="parallel-operators">Parallel Operators</h2>
<p>Provides various operations on N parallel inputs using a high order
<code>parallelOp(op,N,x)</code> function:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>parallelMax(N)</code>: the max of n parallel inputs</li>
<li><code>parallelMin(N)</code>: the min of n parallel inputs</li>
<li><code>parallelMean(N)</code>: the mean of n parallel inputs</li>
<li><code>parallelRMS(N)</code>: the RMS of n parallel inputs</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baparallelop"><code>(ba.)parallelOp</code></h3>
<p>Apply a commutative binary operation <code>op</code> to N parallel inputs.</p>
<h4 id="usage_69">usage</h4>
<pre><code>si.bus(N) : parallelOp(op,N) : _
</code></pre>
<p>where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: the number of parallel inputs known at compile time</li>
<li><code>op</code>: the operator which needs to be commutative</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baparallelmax"><code>(ba.)parallelMax</code></h3>
<p>The maximum of N parallel inputs.</p>
<h4 id="usage_70">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>si.bus(N) : parallelMax(N) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: the number of parallel inputs known at compile time</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baparallelmin"><code>(ba.)parallelMin</code></h3>
<p>The minimum of N parallel inputs.</p>
<h4 id="usage_71">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>si.bus(N) : parallelMin(N) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: the number of parallel inputs known at compile time</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baparallelmean"><code>(ba.)parallelMean</code></h3>
<p>The mean of N parallel inputs.</p>
<h4 id="usage_72">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>si.bus(N) : parallelMean(N) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: the number of parallel inputs known at compile time</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h3 id="baparallelrms"><code>(ba.)parallelRMS</code></h3>
<p>The RMS of N parallel inputs.</p>
<h4 id="usage_73">Usage</h4>
<pre><code>si.bus(N) : parallelRMS(N) : _
</code></pre>
<p>Where:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>N</code>: the number of parallel inputs known at compile time</li>
</ul></div>
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