.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1995-2002 Takashi SHIRAI
.\"                    <shirai@nintendo.co.jp>
.\"
.\" @(#)fd.1   2.00a 02/06/02
.\"   fd - File & Directory maintenance tool
.TH FD 1 "February 6, 2002"
.de sh
.br
.PP
\fB\\$1\fR
.PP
..
.SH NAME
fd \- file & directory maintenance tool
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B fd
[
.B \-aefhikmnrstuxv
] [
.BI \- NAME = value
] [
.I directory
]
.br
.B fdsh
[
.B \-acefhikmnrstuxv
] [
.I args
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B fd
is a file & directory maintenance tool
considered for the text terminals on general UNIX.
It aims for a clone of the same named utility
which is made for the PC/AT compatible machine and PC-9800 series.
In fact, it is upper compatible functionally.

.B fd
shows the browser screen listing files when you have invoked it.
You can input some key which is bound each command,
to execute various operations.

(In the following description,
.B (U)
means that the operation is implemented only on UNIX version
and not effective on MS-DOS version.
As well as it,
.B (D)
means that the operation is implemented only on MS-DOS version.)
.SS Options
The command line option is used for setting internal shell operations
and setting the internal variables described below.
You can use any variable name as the internal variable,
but
.B fd
can accept only those
which are described in the below section of
.BR "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES" .
If you specify
.IR directory ,
the current directory is moved to the directory initially.

The following options are available for the internal shell.
.TP
.BI \-c " string"
Commands described by
.I string
are executed and exit immediately.
It is effective only when it is invoked as
.BR fdsh .
.TP
.B \-i
If the
.B \-i
flag is present or if the standard input/output is a terminal,
the shell is interactive shell.
.TP
.B \-s
If the
.B \-s
flag is present or if no
.I args
is specified,
commands for the shell are read from the standard input.
Any remaining argument specifies the positional parameter.
.TP
.B \-r
The shell is a restricted shell.
Specifically, the following operations are disallowed.
.RS 10
.PD 0
.PP
changing the current directory
.br
setting the value of
.B $PATH
and
.B $SHELL
.br
specifying command names include
.B /
.br
redirecting output
.RB ( >
and
.BR >> )
.ta 1.5i 3i
.nf
.ft B
IN_DIR	OUT_DIR	LOG_TOP
LOG_DIR	ATTR_FILE	COPY_FILE
MOVE_FILE	DELETE_FILE	DELETE_DIR
RENAME_FILE	MAKE_DIR	WRITE_DIR
TREE_DIR	BACKUP_TAPE	EDIT_FILE
UNPACK_FILE	PACK_FILE	LOG_TREE
COPY_TREE	MOVE_TREE	UNPACK_TREE
FIND_DIR
.ft R
.fi
.PD
.RE
.RS
When invoked as
.B rfd
or
.BR rfdsh ,
it becomes this restricted shell automatically.
.RE

In addition,
the options described below in the description of
.B set
builtin command are available.
.SS Screen Layout
.B fd
has the 3 major screen modes.
In the browser screen,
you can select from the file list and execute each command.
In the archive browser screen,
files in the archive file are listed separately by directory,
and you can browse as well as the browser screen.
In the tree screen,
you can move on the directory tree and select the directory path.

In all screen modes,
each
.B 3
lines on the top/bottom of the screen are used for the various information of
.B fd.
The top information lines sometimes become
.B 4
lines.
The screen layout is the following.
.IP line# 10
Description
.IP \fB1\fP
The title line.
The clock at the right end is updated every
.B 10
seconds.
.IP \fB2\fP
The information line.
It displays informations in this order:
the current page (and the total pages),
the number of marks (ant the total marks),
the sorted type,
the pattern string for file search.
.IP \fB3\fP
The path line.
It displays the fullpath of the current directory.
In the archive browser screen,
it displays the fullpath of the archive file
and the current path in the archive.
.IP "\fB2\fP (optional)"
The file size information line.
It displays the total size of the marked files in the directory
(and the total size of all files),
the total capacity and the free size of the file system
including the current directory.
This line appears by the environment variable
.B SIZEINFO
setting.
When this line is displayed,
The information line and the path line are displayed 1 line under each.
.IP "\fBbottom \- 2\fP"
The stack line.
It displays files temporarily which you push in stack,
when arranging files.
.IP "\fBbottom \- 1\fP"
The function line.
It displays the operations of function keys.
.IP "\fBbottom\fP"
The status line.
It displays the status of the file on the cursor position.
It also displays warning messages when command is executed with some troubles.
.SS Internal Commands
You can use the following internal commands on
.BR fd .
While any user can change the key binding for these internal commands,
here shows the default key binding.
The identifier is used when it is executed from the command line of
.B EXECUTE_SH
command,
and when the user defines the key binding.

.br
.ta 2i 5i
.nf
Identifier	Command	Key

\fBCUR_UP\fP	Move a cursor up	\fBUp\fP
\fBCUR_DOWN\fP	Move a cursor down	\fBDown\fP
\fBCUR_RIGHT\fP	Move a cursor right	\fBRight\fP
\fBCUR_LEFT\fP	Move a cursor left	\fBLeft\fP
\fBROLL_UP\fP	Turn ahead to the next page	\fBPageDown\fP
\fBROLL_DOWN\fP	Turn back to the prev. page	\fBPageUp\fP
\fBCUR_TOP\fP	Move a cursor top	\fBBeg\fP(<)
\fBCUR_BOTTOM\fP	Move a cursor bottom	\fBEol\fP(>)
\fBFNAME_RIGHT\fP	Shift right a filename	\fB(\fP
\fBFNAME_LEFT\fP	Shift left a filename	\fB)\fP
\fBONE_COLUMN\fP	Change layout into 1 column	\fB1\fP
\fBTWO_COLUMNS\fP	Change layout into 2 columns	\fB2\fP
\fBTHREE_COLUMNS\fP	Change layout into 3 columns	\fB3\fP
\fBFIVE_COLUMNS\fP	Change layout into 5 columns	\fB5\fP
\fBMARK_FILE\fP	Mark a file	\fBTab\fP
\fBMARK_FILE2\fP	Mark and move down	\fBSpace\fP
\fBMARK_FILE3\fP	Mark and move in a page	\fB^Space\fP(^@)
\fBMARK_ALL\fP	Mark all files	\fBHome\fP(+)
\fBMARK_REVERSE\fP	Mark all files reversely	\fBEnd\fP(-)
\fBMARK_FIND\fP	Mark the matched files	\fB\(**\fP
\fBIN_DIR\fP	Change to a sub directory	\fBReturn\fP
\fBOUT_DIR\fP	Change to a parent directory	\fBBs\fP
\fBLOG_TOP\fP	Change to a root directory	\fB\e\fP
\fBREREAD_DIR\fP	Reread the current directory	\fB^L\fP
\fBPUSH_FILE\fP	Push a file to the stack	\fBDel\fP(])
\fBPOP_FILE\fP	Pop a file from the stack	\fBIns\fP([)
\fBLOG_DIR\fP	Change to a logical directory	\fBF1\fP(l)
\fBEXECUTE_FILE\fP	Execute a file	\fBF2\fP(x)
\fBCOPY_FILE\fP	Copy a file	\fBF3\fP(c)
\fBDELETE_FILE\fP	Delete a file	\fBF4\fP(d)
\fBRENAME_FILE\fP	Rename a file	\fBF5\fP(r)
\fBSORT_DIR\fP	Sort the current directory	\fBF6\fP(s)
\fBFIND_FILE\fP	Find files	\fBF7\fP(f)
\fBTREE_DIR\fP	Display the tree screen	\fBF8\fP(t)
\fBEDIT_FILE\fP	Edit a file	\fBF9\fP(e)
\fBUNPACK_FILE\fP	Unpack a file	\fBF10\fP(u)
\fBATTR_FILE\fP	Change a file attribute	\fBF11\fP(a)
\fBINFO_FILESYS\fP	Display a file system info.	\fBF12\fP(i)
\fBMOVE_FILE\fP	Move a file	\fBF13\fP(m)
\fBDELETE_DIR\fP	Delete a directory	\fBF14\fP(D)
\fBMAKE_DIR\fP	Make a directory	\fBF15\fP(k)
\fBEXECUTE_SH\fP	Execute a child process	\fBF16\fP(h)
\fBWRITE_DIR\fP	Write a displayed directory	\fBF17\fP(w)
\fBBACKUP_TAPE\fP	Backup into a tape	\fBF18\fP(b)
\fBVIEW_FILE\fP	View a file	\fBF19\fP(v)
\fBPACK_FILE\fP	Pack a file	\fBF20\fP(p)
\fBLOG_TREE\fP	Change directory with tree	\fBL\fP
\fBCOPY_TREE\fP	Copy a file with tree	\fBC\fP
\fBMOVE_TREE\fP	Move a file with tree	\fBM\fP
\fBUNPACK_TREE\fP	Unpack a file with tree	\fBU\fP
\fBFIND_DIR\fP	Find a file recursively	\fBF\fP
\fBSYMLINK_MODE\fP	Switch the symbolic link mode	\fBS\fP
\fBFILETYPE_MODE\fP	Switch the file type symbol	\fBT\fP
\fBDOTFILE_MODE\fP	Switch the dot file display	\fBH\fP
\fBFILEFLG_MODE\fP	Switch the file flag display	\fBO\fP
\fBLAUNCH_FILE\fP	Invoke the launcher	\fBReturn\fP
\fBSEARCH_FORW\fP	Search forward a file	\fB^S\fP
\fBSEARCH_BACK\fP	Search backward a file	\fB^R\fP
\fBSPLIT_WINDOW\fP	Split into the windows	\fB/\fP
\fBNEXT_WINDOW\fP	Change to the next window	\fB^\fP
\fBEDIT_CONFIG\fP	Invoke the customizer	\fBE\fP
\fBHELP_MESSAGE\fP	Display a help screen	\fB?\fP
\fBQUIT_SYSTEM\fP	Quit from fd 	\fBEsc\fP(q)

\fBWARNING_BELL\fP	Bell for warning
\fBNO_OPERATION\fP	Do nothing
.fi
.PP
The last 2 internal commands are used
when you want change the default key binding to cancel.
.SS Internal Commands Description
The detail of each internal command is the following.
Internal commands with similar function are described together.
.RS 3
.IP "\fBMove cursor\fP" 5
Move a cursor.
.IP "\fBTurn page\fP"
Turn to the previous/next page,
when files are not completely held in a screen.
Also if you try to move out of the page with Cursor move,
the page will be turned.
.IP "\fBMove to the top/bottom\fP"
Move a cursor to the top/bottom of the file list.
When the list is not held in a screen,
the page is turned.
.IP "\fBShift filename\fP"
Shift the displayed string of filename on the cursor position,
when the filename is longer than the prepared column width.
It is displayed as shifted to right/left by 1 character.
The display of the status line is also shifted simultaneously.
.IP "\fBChange layout\fP"
Change the number of columns into each value.
There are usually
.B 2
columns per screen.
As the column width per file is changed according to the number of columns,
the displayed information is also changed.
.IP "\fBMark file\fP"
Mark the file on the cursor position.
You cannot mark any directory.
.RB [ Space ]
marks and moves down a cursor.
.RB [ ^Space ]
also marks and moves down a cursor,
but doesn't turn the page.
.RB [ Home ]
marks all the files,
.RB [ End ]
marks all the files reversely.
.RB [ \(** ]
additionally marks the file which matches the wildcard.
You must input the wildcard string whenever you push
.RB [ \(** ].

Marked files are used as the target of
.BR ATTR_FILE ,
.BR COPY_FILE ,
.BR DELETE_FILE ,
.BR MOVE_FILE ,
.B UNPACK_FILE
and the user defined command macros.
.IP "\fBChange directory\fP"
.RB [ Return ]
changes the current directory
to the directory on the cursor position.
If you want to change it to the parent directory,
you should move a cursor to the file of ".\|." and push
.RB [ Return ],
or simply push
.RB [ Bs ].
.RB [ \e ]
changes the current directory to the root directory.
.IP "\fBPush/pop file stack\fP"
.RB [ Del ]
pushes the file on the cursor position to the file stack,
and temporarily deletes the file from the file list screen.
You can push files to the file stack up to
.B 5
files.

.RB [ Ins ]
pops the file from the file stack
and insert it on the cursor position.
The last pushed file is popped first.
But this order is expediently displayed in
.BR fd ,
and it is reset by Directory move.
.IP "\fBRedraw screen\fP"
Redraw the file list screen
by rereading the information of the current directory.
It is useful when some other process add/delete files,
or when something break the screen display.

Moreover,
when you use the terminal which doesn't raise
.B SIGWINCH
signal at changing the screen size (like
.BR kterm (1)
on HP-UX, etc.),
you must intentionally redraw after you change the screen size.
.IP "\fBChange logical directory\fP (Logdir)"
Change the current directory to the inputted pathname.
When you input the pathname which starts with '/',
it means not the relative move but the absolute move.

When you input the pathname "\fB.\fP",
the pathname of the current directory is adjusted into absolute expression.
Except this case,
the current directory always is shown as the virtual pathname,
by reason of a link and so on.
When you input the pathname "\fB?\fP",
you can move to the current directory when
.B fd
was invoked.
When you input the pathname "\fB-\fP",
you can move to the last visited directory.

Moreover,
When you input the pathname "\fB@\fP" in floppy drive,
you can move to the directory on UNIX file system,
where you existed before moving to floppy drive.
.B (U)

(Note:
This command is called as "Loddsk" in the original FD on MS-DOS,
which is short for "LOGical DiSK drive".
This "logical" means the drive name prefixed to pathnames,
and it is virtually named against "physical disk drive".
On UNIX,
since "logical disk drive" never means pathname nor directory,
this command name "Change logical directory" is not suitable.
But this name is expediently inherited from the original version.)
.IP "\fBExecute file\fP (eXec)"
Execute the file on the cursor position with some parameters,
as the child process.
The cursor position in command line exists
after the filename in case of the executable file,
and before the filename except it.
You should fill suitable parameters or command name in each case.
The up/down cursor keys can provide the command history
which you executed before.

On MS-DOS version,
the LFN form filename in the command line
which is quoted with the quotation mark \fB"\fP
is automatically replaced into 8+3 form filename before execution.
In this case,
when there is the filename described by the string quoted with \fB"\fP,
this string is always replaced into 8+3 form filename after deleting \fB"\fP,
otherwise it is never replaced including \fB"\fP.
.IP "\fBCopy file\fP (Copy)"
Copy the file on the cursor position to the specified directory.
When the cursor position indicates a directory,
its contents are copied recursively.
When some files are marked,
the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked files.

When the same named file exists in the destination,
you can select the operation from the following:
"Update (by timestamp)",
"Rename (each copied file)",
"Overwrite",
"Not_copy_the_same_name",
"Forward".
If you select "Forward",
you should specify the directory as the destination to forward.
All files which have the same names are moved to the specified directory.
.IP "\fBDelete file\fP (Delete)"
Delete the file on the cursor position.
No directory can be deleted.
When some files are marked,
the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked files.

When you don't have write permission on the file,
you are confirmed for security.
.IP "\fBRename file\fP (Rename)"
Rename the file on the cursor position.
You cannot rename to the same name as any existent file.
When you specify the pathname with some directory name,
it is also moved to the directory.
.IP "\fBSort file\fP (Sort)"
Sort files in the current directory.
You can select the sorted type from the following:
"fileName", "Extension", "Size", "Timestamp", "Length (of filename)",
and specify "Up (incremental order)" or "Down (decremental order)".
When the sorted type before sorting is the one except "No chg (not sort)",
the choice will include "No chg".
When you sort after sorting another sorted type,
the previous sorted result is based in sorting.
This sorting has a priority except specified type,
the directory is always precedes any file,
except for the case of "No chg".
In case of "Length",
files which have the same filename length are sorted in order of their names.

But this sorting is expediently displayed in
.BR fd ,
and it is reset by Directory move.
.IP "\fBFind file\fP (Find)"
Find the files matching the wildcard, and display only them.
The filename which starts with '.'
doesn't match the wildcard which starts with '\(**' nor '?'.
If you want to cancel the File find,
you should move the current directory,
or do
.B FIND_FILE
again and input a null line.

When the current directory has the files
which have the extension registered to associate with an archive browser,
the string which starts with '/' is used
to find not the filename but the filename in archive files,
and only the archive files which contain matched files are displayed.
This function is available in the archive browser.

After Find file,
you can not do
.BR WRITE_DIR .
.IP "\fBDisplay tree screen\fP (Tree)"
Display the directory tree based on the current directory.
You can select the directory in the tree screen,
to move the current directory.
.IP "\fBEdit file\fP (Editor)"
Edit the file on the cursor position.
The editor is used referring the internal variable
.BR EDITOR ,
or referring the environment variable
.BR EDITOR
when the internal variable is undefined.
.IP "\fBUnpack file\fP (Unpack)"
Unpack the archive file on the cursor position into the specified directory.
In builtin configuration,
you can unpack only the tar file and its compressed file
and the LHa compressed file.
You can describe configurations in the initial configuration file
to support archivers except these.
.IP "\fBChange attribute\fP (Attr)"
Change the file access mode and the timestamp
of the file on the cursor position.
When some files are marked,
the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked files.
In case of the marked files,
you must select the mode or the timestamp,
before changing it all together.

When you input the mode,
cursor keys move a cursor to the position you want to change,
.RB [ Space ]
reverses the attribute on the position.
You should notice that
the attribute of the execution bit is not a binary toggle but a triple toggle,
which includes setuid bit, setgid bit, and sticky bit respectively.
When you input the timestamp,
you move a cursor to the position you want to change,
and input a numeric value.
Finally,
.RB [ Return ]
executes the change.
You can cancel with
.RB [ Esc ].
Be careful that the limit check of date is not perfect.

Moreover,
.RB [ a ](Attr),
.RB [ d ](Date),
.RB [ t ](Time)
move a cursor
to the each beginning of input line.

On the OS which has the attribute of file flags,
you can change the file flags as well as the mode.
But the value of flags which you can change is based on your permission.
.IP "\fBFile system information\fP (Info)"
Display the information of the specified file system.
When the inputted pathname is not the special file
which indicates a file system,
the information of the file system including the pathname is displayed.
.IP "\fBMove file\fP (Move)"
Move the file on the cursor position to the specified directory.
When the cursor position indicates a directory,
the directory itself is moved.
When some files are marked,
the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked files.

When the same named file exists in the destination,
you can select the operation as well as
.BR COPY_FILE .
When the destination belongs to the different file system,
copy and delete are just executed continuously.
.IP "\fBDelete directory\fP (rmDir)"
Delete the directory on the cursor position recursively.
When the directory in a symbolic link,
only the link is deleted and the linked directory has no effect.
.IP "\fBMake directory\fP (mKdir)"
Make the sub directory on the current directory.
When the inputted sub directory string includes '/',
which is the pathname delimiter,
it goes on making directory recursively
until the directory described by the string is finally created.

When you input the pathname which starts with '/',
the directory is made not on the current directory
but on the absolute path described.
.IP "\fBExecute child process\fP (sHell)"
Execute the inputted command string as the child process,
by handling the internal shell.
You can refer the command history and use automatic LFN replacement,
as well as
.BR EXECUTE_FILE .
When you push only
.RB [ Return ]
without any input,
the user shell which is described by
the internal variable or the environment variable
.B SHELL
is invoked.
In this case,
you should input "\fBexit\fP" to return to
.BR fd .
When the value of
.B SHELL
is
.BR fdsh ,
the internal shell is executed as the interactive shell.

However,
when there is the same command name as a builtin command or a internal command,
the builtin command or the internal command are executed
instead of the external command.
You can refer the clause of `\fBBuiltin Commands\fP'
for the details of the builtin command.
.IP "\fBWrite directory\fP (Write)"
Write the displayed directory.
The gap between files on the directory entry is filled.
When it is executed after arranged by
.BR PUSH_FILE ,
.B POP_FILE
and
.BR SORT_DIR ,
the result is written.

When the displayed directory doesn't belong to
the hierarchy under your home directory,
you are confirmed for security
whether if any other user doesn't use the directory.
Since it is insecure,
you cannot write the NFS mounted directory and some special directories.

If you execute the internal command which arranges the file order,
and then try to execute the internal command which will break that order,
you will be confirmed whether if you write the directory or not,
just before the internal command is executed.
For this function,
you can write the directory
without intentionally executing this Directory write command.
But when the displayed directory is not under your home directory,
this confirmation is not done.
.IP "\fBBackup tape\fP (Backup)"
Backup the file on the cursor position into the specified storage device.
When the cursor position indicates a directory,
all of its contents are backuped.
When some files are marked,
the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked files.

.BR tar (1)
is used for backup.
When you specify the filename except special files indicates devices
as input of the device name,
the archive file is created with that filename.
.IP "\fBView file\fP (View)"
View the file on the cursor position.
The pager is used referring the internal variable
.BR PAGER ,
or referring the environment variable
.B PAGER
when the internal variable is undefined.
.IP "\fBPack file\fP (Pack)"
Pack the file on the cursor position into the specified archive file.
When the cursor position indicates a directory,
all of its contents are packed into the archive file.
When some files are marked,
the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked files.

According to the extension of the inputted archive file,
the associated archiver is automatically selected.
In builtin configuration,
you can pack only the tar file and its compressed file
and the LHa compressed file.
You can describe configurations in the initial configuration file
to support archivers except these.

When you use
.BR tar (1),
you may sometimes be unable to pack a lot of files at once,
because of the maximum parameter length which can be given at once.
In those case,
you can create the archive file with
.BR BACKUP_TAPE .
.IP "\fBOperations with tree\fP"
.RB [ L ],
.RB [ C ],
.RB [ M ]
and
.RB [ U ]
can make you select the pathname
from the directory tree instead of the string input.
They execute the internal command equivalent to
.BR LOG_DIR ,
.BR COPY_FILE ,
.B MOVE_FILE
and
.BR UNPACK_FILE ,
respectively.
.IP "\fBFind file recursively\fP"
Find the file matching the wildcard recursively under the current directory,
and move the directory where the found file exists.
When the cursor position indicates a directory,
it find the file under the directory on the cursor position
instead of the current directory.

You will be confirmed for each matching file whether if you move or not,
and you can select
.RB [ n ](No)
unless the target file is displayed.
.IP "\fBInvoke launcher\fP"
.RB [ Return ]
executes the operation according to
the extension of the file on the cursor position,
unless the cursor position indicates a directory.
In builtin configuration,
the archive browser is registered with the tar file and its compressed file
and the LHa compressed file.
You can describe configurations in the initial configuration file
to register launchers except these.

When the file on the cursor position has the unregistered extension,
it will behave as same as
.BR VIEW_FILE .
In the archive browser,
the registered launcher is available,
so that you can invoke the archive browser recursively.
.IP "\fBSwitch symbolic link mode\fP"
In case of the symbolic link file,
the file information displayed in the file column and the status line
shows not the status of its referential file but the status of the link itself.
It switches to show the status of the referential file.
.B (U)

In the mode of showing the status of the referential file,
.RB ' S '(Symbolic
Link)
is displayed on the left end of the function line.
.IP "\fBSwitch file type symbol mode\fP"
Switch to display the symbol which means the file type
after the filename in the file list,
like as the display in -F option of
.BR ls (1).
It is toggle to switch if display the symbol or not.
The each symbol means the following.
.RS 10
.ta 0.5i
.nf
\fB/\fP	directory
\fB@\fP	symbolic link
\fB\(**\fP	executable file
\fB=\fP	socket
\fB\(bv\fP	FIFO
.fi
.RE

.RS 10
(MS-DOS version and the floppy drive)
.ta 0.5i
.nf
\fB/\fP	directory
\fB\(**\fP	executable file
\fB=\fP	system file
\fB\(bv\fP	label
.fi
.RE

.RS
In the mode of displaying the file type symbol,
.RB ' T '(Type)
is displayed on the left end of the function line.
.RE
.IP "\fBSwitch dot file display mode\fP"
Switch not to display the file whose filename starts with '.' in the file list.
It is toggle to switch if display the dot file or not.

In the mode of not displaying the dot file,
.RB ' H '(Hidden)
is displayed on the left end of the function line.
.IP "\fBSwitch file flag display mode\fP"
Switch to display the file flag, which exists in some OS,
instead of the file mode on each file.
It is toggle to switch if display the file flag or the file mode.
This is not available on any OS without the file flag.
The each symbol means the following respectively.
.B (U)
.RS 10
.ta 0.5i
.nf
\fBA\fP	Archived
\fBN\fP	Nodump
\fBa\fP	system Append-only
\fBc\fP	system unChangeable (immutable)
\fBu\fP	system Undeletable
\fBa\fP	user Append-only
\fBc\fP	user unChangeable (immutable)
\fBu\fP	user Undeletable
.fi
.RE

.RS
In the mode of displaying the file flag,
.RB ' F '(Flags)
is displayed on the left end of the function line.
.RE
.IP "\fBSearch file\fP"
Search the current directory incrementally for the filename,
with moving a cursor.
When you execute this command, to switch to the search mode,
a prompt appears in the function line.
You can input the filename in this prompt,
and a cursor will move to the filename matching the string
which is already inputted at that present.
.RB [ Esc ]
switches to the normal mode.
.IP "\fBSplit window\fP"
Switch from the normal non-split window mode to the split window mode.
In the split window mode,
the screen is split into 2 windows vertically,
so that you can operate works individually on each window.
.IP "\fBChange window\fP"
Change effective window between each windows in the split window mode.
In non-split window mode, it is ineffective.
.IP "\fBInvoke customizer\fP"
Invoke the customizer which interactively changes the configurations
to be set up by the internal variable and the builtin command.
While the configurations which is set up here is reflected immediately,
you must intentionally save configurations in the customizer
if you want to reflect in the initial configuration file.
.IP "\fBDisplay help\fP"
Display the list of the current key bindings and their command descriptions.
When the list is not completely held in a screen,
it prompts for every screen.

In case of the circulated executable binary file,
this screen shows
the E-mail address of the circulation manager in the function line.
Please contact here when something will happen.
.IP "\fBQuit\fP (Quit)"
Quit from
.BR fd .
.RE
.SS Commands
In
.B EXECUTE_SH
and the initial configuration file,
you can use the internal commands described above
and the builtin commands described below,
as well as the external commands.
With these commands,
a pipeline can consist of one or more commands separated by
.B \(bv
or
.BR &\|\(bv .
.B \(bv
connects the standard output of the previous command
to the standard input of the next command.
.B &\|\(bv
connects both the standard output and standard error output
of the previous command
to the standard input of the next command.
The exit status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command.
You can start a pipeline with
.BR ! ,
then the exit status of a pipeline will be
the logical NOT of the exit status of the last command.
Moreover,
a command list can consist of one or more pipelines separated by
.BR ; ,
.BR & ,
.BR && ,
.BR \(bv\|\(bv .
This command list can end with
.B ;
or
.BR & .
These separators mean the following.
.RS 3
.PD 0
.IP "\fB;\fP" 5
Execute commands sequentially.
.IP "\fB&\fP"
Execute commands synchronously,
not waiting for the preceding pipeline to finish.
.IP "\fB&\|&\fP"
Execute the following pipeline
only if the preceding pipeline returns a 0 exit status.
.IP "\fB\(bv\|\(bv\fP"
Execute the following pipeline
only if the preceding pipeline returns a non-0 exit status.
.PD
.RE
In these command lists,
a newline means as same as
.BR ; .

The input/output of each command in the command list
can be redirected with the following redirectees.
These redirectees can be placed on any position in the command string.
.RS 3
.PD 0
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB<\fP\fIfile\fR" 10
Redirect the input indicated by the file descriptor
.I n
into the input from
.IR file .
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB>\fP\fIfile\fR"
Redirect the output indicated by the file descriptor
.I n
into the output to
.IR file .
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard output is specified.
If
.I file
doesn't exist it is created,
otherwise it is truncated to 0 length before output.
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB>\|>\fP\fIfile\fR"
Redirect the output indicated by the file descriptor
.I n
into the output to
.IR file .
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard output is specified.
If
.I file
doesn't exist it is created,
otherwise output is appended to it.
.IP "\fIn1\fR\fB<\|&\fP\fIn2\fR"
Redirect the input indicated by the file descriptor
.I n1
into the input indicated by the file descriptor
.IR n2 .
If
.I n1
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
.IP "\fIn1\fR\fB>\|&\fP\fIn2\fR"
Redirect the output indicated by the file descriptor
.I n1
into the output indicated by the file descriptor
.IR n2 .
If
.I n1
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard output is specified.
.IP "\fB&\|>\fP\fIfile\fR"
Redirect both the standard output and the standard error output
into the output to
.IR file .
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB<\|>\fP\fIfile\fR"
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB>\|<\fP\fIfile\fR"
Redirect both the input/output indicated by the file descriptor
.I n
into the input/output from/to
.IR file .
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB<\|-\fP"
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB<\|&\|-\fP"
Close the input indicated by the file descriptor
.IR n .
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB>\|-\fP"
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB>\|&\|-\fP"
Close the output indicated by the file descriptor
.IR n .
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard output is specified.
.IP "\fIn\fR\fB<\|<\fP[\fB\-\fP]\fIword\fR"
Redirect the input indicated by the file descriptor
.I n
into the input which is read up to a input line as same as
.IR word ,
or to an end of file.
If any part of
.I word
is quoted,
no input line is evaluated.
Otherwise,
each input line is evaluated to expand variables or replace strings.
When you specify
.BR \- ,
all tabs on the beginning of input lines is stripped to be send to a command.
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
.PD
.RE

On each command line,
the string from
.RB ' # '
to the end of line and a null line are ignored.
When the line ends with
.RB ' \e ',
it is referred as continuing into the next line,
so that you can split a long line with this.
.SS Builtin Commands
.B fd
has the following builtin commands.
These builtin commands can be used in
.B EXECUTE_SH
and the initial configuration file.
.IP "\fBif\fP \fIlist\fR \fBthen\fP [\fBelif\fP \fIlist\fR \fBthen\fP \fIlist\fR] .\|.\|. [\fBelse\fP \fIlist\fR] \fBfi\fP" 14
The
.I list
of
.B if
clause and
.B elif
clauses are executed in order,
and if each exit status is a 0,
then the
.I list
of
.B then
clause associated with it is executed and the
.B elif
clauses after it are ignored.
If no
.I list
of
.B if
clause nor
.B elif
clauses return a 0, the
.I list
of
.B else
clause is executed.
If no
.I list
of
.B then
clauses nor
.B else
clause is executed,
then
.B if
returns a 0 exit status.
.IP "\fBwhile\fP \fIlist\fR \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fR \fBdone\fP"
The
.I list
of
.B while
clause is executed repeatedly,
and while its exit status is 0, the
.I list
of
.B do
clause is executed repeatedly.
If the
.I list
of
.B do
clause is never executed,
then
.B while
returns a 0 exit status.
.IP "\fBuntil\fP \fIlist\fR \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fR \fBdone\fP"
The
.I list
of
.B until
clause is executed repeatedly,
and while its exit status is NOT 0, the
.I list
of
.B do
clause is executed repeatedly.
If the
.I list
of
.B do
clause is never executed,
then
.B until
returns a 0 exit status.
.IP "\fBfor\fP \fINAME\fR [\fBin\fP \fIvalue\fR .\|.\|.] \fBdo\fP \fIlist\fR \fBdone\fP"
The internal variable
.I NAME
is substituted for values of
.I value
one by one, and
.I list
is executed according to the each value.
If
.B in
.I value
is omitted,
then each positional parameter is substituted one by one.
.IP "\fBcase\fP \fIword\fR \fBin\fP [\fIpattern\fR [\fB\(bv\fP \fIpattern\fR] .\|.\|. \fB)\fP \fIlist\fR \fB;\|;\fP] .\|.\|. \fBesac\fP"
The string
.I word
is compared with the each
.IR pattern ,
.I list
associated with the
.I pattern
which first matches it is executed.
.IP "\fB(\fP\fIlist\fR\fB)\fP"
Execute
.I list
in a sub shell.
.IP "\fB{\fP \fIlist\fR\fB;\fP \fB}\fP"
Execute
.I list
in the current shell.
.IP "\fINAME\fR\fB=\fP[\fIvalue\fR] [\fIcom\fR .\|.\|.]"
Define a internal variable which is available only in
.BR fd .
It substitutes the value (string)
.I value
for the internal variable
.IR NAME .
When you describe the command
.I com
after the definition of a variable,
.I com
is executed on the state
where this variable is regarded as the environment variable.
In this case,
the definition of
.I NAME
is not remain as the environment variable nor the internal variable.

If
.I value
is omitted,
the value of the internal variable
.I NAME
is defined as a null.
If you want to delete the definition of a internal variable, use
.BR unset .
.IP "\fIname\fR\fB()\fP \fB{\fP \fIlist\fR; \fB}\fP"
Define a function whose body is
.IR list ,
as the name of
.IR name .
The defined function can be used in the command line of
.B EXECUTE_SH
and each command macro described below.
You can use the positional parameter
.BI $ n
in each description of
.IR list ,
which indicates the argument when the function is invoked.
.B $0
is
.I name
itself, and
.BR $1 \- $9
indicates each argument.

Although you cannot omit
.B { }
and
.IR list ,
you can omit
.B { }
before/after
.I list
which consists of a single command.
If you want to delete the definition of a function, use
.BR unset .
.IP "\fB!\fP\fInum\fR"
Execute the command
which has the history number specified with the numeric value
.IR num .
When
.I num
is negative value,
it executes the command
which has the history number as the current history number minus
.IR num .
.IP "\fB!!\fP"
Execute the previous command.
This is synonym for
.BR !\-1 .
.IP "\fB!\fP\fIstr\fR"
Execute the command history
which starts with the string
.IR str .
.IP "\fB:\fP [\fIarg\fR .\|.\|.]"
No effect.
But it evaluates
.I arg
and performs redirection.
.IP "\fB.\fP \fIfile\fR"
.PD 0
.IP "\fBsource\fP \fIfile\fR"
.PD
Read and evaluate commands from
.IR file .
.I file
must exists on the directory which
.B PATH
includes,
or be described with pathname.
The each line format is based on the format of
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
You can describe this in the file as nesting.
.IP "\fBalias\fP [\fIname\fR[\fB=\fP\fIcom\fR]]"
Define a alias whose body is
.IR com ,
as the name of
.IR name .
The defined alias can be used in the command line of
.B EXECUTE_SH
and each command macro described below.
The alias substitution is performed recursively.

If
.I com
is omitted,
the alias of
.I name
is displayed.
If both
.I com
and
.I name
are omitted,
all the current alias definition list is displayed.
.IP "\fBarch\fP \fIext\fR [\fIpack unpack\fR]"
Register the archiver command associated with the archive file
which has extension
.IR ext .
The pack command is specified as
.IR pack ,
and the unpack command is specified as
.IR unpack ,
using the macro representation quoted with \fB"\fP.
When
.I ext
starts with
.BR / ,
uppercase/lowercase is ignored in the comparison of any extension.

If both
.I pack
and
.I unpack
are omitted,
the archiver command registration for the extension
.I ext
is deleted.
.IP "\fBbg\fP [\fIjob\fR]"
Continue the execution of the job specified with
.I job
in the background.
The following format is available to specify a job.
.B (U)
.RS 20
.ta 0.5i
.nf
\fB%\fP
\fB%+\fP	the current job
\fB%-\fP	the previous job
\fB%\fP\fIn\fR	the job with job number \fIn\fR
\fB%\fP\fIstr\fR	the job whose command line starts with \fIstr\fR
.fi
.RE
.RS
But, you must describe these
.B %
in the command line of
.B EXECUTE_SH
as the duplicated expression, such as
.BR %% ,
for the reason of the parameter macro function described below.

If
.I job
is omitted,
the current job is continued in the background.
.RE
.IP "\fBbind\fP \fIc\fR [\fIcom1\fR [\fIcom2\fR] [\fB:\fP\fIcomment\fR]]"
Bind the command
.I com1
to the key
.IR c .
When you want to specify a control character for
.IR c ,
you can prefix
.B ^
into 2 characters,
such as ^A.
When you want to specify a character with the META key
(or the ALT key on MS-DOS version),
you can prefix
.B @
into 2 characters,
such as @a.
When you want to specify a function key and a special key,
you can use each identifier described in
.B keymap
command after,
such as F10.
Or you can describe the escape sequence,
such as
.B \en
and
.BR \ee ,
and the octal expression,
such as
.BR \eooo .

In case of binding the internal command of
.BR fd ,
you can the command identifier as it is.
When you want to define the internal command with some arguments
or define the command in the macro representation,
you should describe the string quoted with \fB"\fP.
If
.I com2
is not omitted,
.I com2
is executed when the cursor position indicates a directory.
When the key
.I c
is the function key of F1-F10,
if you describe
.I comment
prefixed with
.B :
trailing the command description,
you can change the display of associated part in the function line into
.IR comment .

However, note that,
with the key binding for the control key,
the configuration in the edit mode described below is prior to the key binding.

If both
.I com1
and
.I com2
are omitted,
the registration of key binding for the key
.I c
is deleted.
.IP "\fBbreak\fP [\fIn\fR]"
Exit from the loop,
it is used in the
.B for
statement and so on.
If
.I n
is specified,
it breaks
.I n
levels from the loop.
.IP "\fBcd\fP [\fIdir\fR]"
Change the current directory in
.B fd
to
.IR dir .
If
.I dir
is omitted,
it moves to the directory indicated by the internal variable
.BR HOME .
It is useful to define the key macro as "cd $HOME".
If you specify the pathname as "\fB.\fP", "\fB?\fP", "\fB-\fP", "\fB@\fP",
it behaves like as
.BR LOG_DIR .
.IP "\fBchdir\fP [\fIdir\fR]"
Same as
.BR cd .
.B (D)
.IP "\fBcheckid\fP [\fIfile\fR .\|.\|.]"
Calculate the unique ID of the specified file and display it,
according to the MD5 algorithm in RFC1321.
When you specify multiple
.IR file s,
the IDs of all specified files are calculated and displayed.
When you specify nothing,
the ID of running
.B fd
itself is displayed.

Since this algorithm is guaranteed to be secure,
it is available to confirm the identity of files.
.IP "\fBcls\fP"
Clear the screen.
.B (D)
.IP "\fBcontinue\fP \fIn\fR"
Resume the next iteration in the loop,
it is used in the
.B for
statement and so on.
If
.I n
is specified,
it resumes the next iteration in the loop
.I n
- 1 levels
out of the loop.
.IP "\fBcopy\fP [\fB/ABVY\-Y\fP] \fIsrc\fR [\fB/AB\fP] [\fB\+\fP \fIsrc2\fR [\fB/AB\fP] [\fB\+\fP .\|.\|.]] [\fIdest\fR [\fB/AB\fP]]"
Copy the file indicated by
.I src
into the file or the directory indicated by
.IR dest .
When
.I dest
indicates a directory,
the filename in the destination is
.IR src .
If
.I dest
is omitted,
it is copied into the current directory.
You can specify multiple source files by describing to separate them with
.BR \+ ,
or by using the wildcard.
When you separate them with
.BR \+ ,
those files are concatenated and copied.
When you use the wildcard,
they are copied one by one in case that the destination is a directory,
and they are concatenated in case that the destination is a file.
.B (D)

When you specify
.BR /A ,
it is treated as the ASCII text file.
When you specify
.BR /B ,
it is treated as the binary file.
When you specify
.BR /V ,
it is verified to copy.
When you specify
.BR /Y ,
it doesn't prompts for confirming to overwrite into the destination.
When you specify
.BR /\-Y,
it prompts for confirmation before overwriting into the destination.
.IP "\fBdel\fP [\fB/P\fP] \fIfile\fR"
.PD 0
.IP "\fBerase\fP [\fB/P\fP] \fIfile\fR"
.PD
Delete the files indicated by
.IR file .
You can specify multiple files by using wildcard.
.B (D)

When you specify
.BR /P ,
it prompts for confirmation before deleting files.
.IP "\fBdir\fP [\fB/PWSBLV\fP] [\fB/A\fP[\fBDRHSA\-\fP]] [\fB/O\fP[\fBNSEDGA\-\fP]] [\fIdir\fR]"
List files and sub directories in the directory indicated by
.IR dir .
If
.I dir
is omitted,
the information in the the current directory is listed.
.B (D)

When you specify
.BR /P ,
it prompts for every screen.
When you specify
.BR /W ,
it is listed in the wide view.
When you specify
.BR /A ,
it lists only the files
which have the attribute indicated by the trailing character.
.RS 20
.ta 0.3i 2i 2.3i
.nf
\fBD\fP	directory	\fBR\fP	read only file
\fBH\fP	hidden file	\fBS\fP	system file
\fBA\fP	ready to archive	\fB-\fP	except it
.fi
.RE
.RS
When you specify
.BR /O ,
it sorts with the sorted type indicated by the trailing character.
.RE
.RS 20
.ta 0.3i 2i 2.3i
.nf
\fBN\fP	by name	\fBS\fP	by size
\fBE\fP	by extension	\fBD\fP	by date & time
\fBG\fP	directory first	\fBA\fP	by last access time
\fB-\fP	reverse order
.fi
.RE
.RS
When you specify
.BR /L ,
it uses lowercase.
When you specify
.BR /V ,
it lists the verbose information.
.RE
.IP "\fBecho\fP [\fB\-n\fP] [\fIarg\fR .\|.\|.]"
Echo
.I arg
to the standard output.
When you don't specify
.BR \-n ,
newline is added to output trailing after
.IR arg .
See
.BR echo (1)
for details.
.IP "\fBeval\fP [\fIarg\fR .\|.\|.]"
Evaluate
.I arg
and execute the results.
.IP "\fBevalmacro\fP [\fIarg\fR .\|.\|.]"
Evaluate parameter macros included in
.I arg
and execute the results.
Since
.B eval
doesn't evaluate any parameter macro,
you should choose them according to uses.
When in the function,
you cannot use any parameter macro,
then you need this command to extract parameter macros.
.IP "\fBexec\fP [\fIcom\fR [\fIarg .\|.\|.\fR]]"
Execute
.I com
in place of the execution of
.BR fd .
You can specify
.I arg
as arguments of
.IR com .
.IP "\fBexit\fP [\fIn\fR]"
Exit from
.BR fd .
When you specify
.IR n ,
it exits with the exit status
.IR n .
.IP "\fBexport\fP [\fINAME\fR[\fB=\fP[\fIvalue\fR]] .\|.\|.]"
Mark the internal variable
.I NAME
to be inherited to child processes as the environment variable.
Since then,
the definition of
.I NAME
can be referred in any child process.
When you
.B export
the undefined internal variable,
it doesn't become the environment variable
until the internal variable is defined.
When you want to define the value at the same time,
you should specify
.IR value .

If only
.B =
is specified and
.I value
is omitted,
the value of the environment variable
.I NAME
is defined as a null.
If no argument is specified,
all of the
.BR export ed
environment variables are listed.
When you want to delete the definition of the environment variable,
you can use
.BR unset .
.IP "\fBfd\fP [\fIdirectory\fR]"
Invoke
.B fd
from the internal shell.
If you specify
.IR directory ,
the current directory is moved to the directory initially.
You can return to the internal shell by
.BR QUIT_SYSTEM .
It is effective only when it is invoked as
.BR fdsh .
.IP "\fBfg\fP [\fIjob\fR]"
Continue the execution of the job specified with
.I job
in the foreground.
The following format is available to specify a job.
.B (U)
.RS 20
.ta 0.5i
.nf
\fB%\fP
\fB%+\fP	the current job
\fB%-\fP	the previous job
\fB%\fP\fIn\fR	the job with job number \fIn\fR
\fB%\fP\fIstr\fR	the job whose command line starts with \fIstr\fR
.fi
.RE
.RS
But, you must describe these
.B %
in the command line of
.B EXECUTE_SH
as the duplicated expression, such as
.BR %% ,
for the reason of the parameter macro function described below.

If
.I job
is omitted,
the current job is continued in the foreground.
.RE
.IP "\fBgetkey\fP [\fInum\fR]"
Get the key code sequence for the pushed key.
It prompts after executed,
and displays the key code sequence for the key which you push to specify.
It continues until you push any key
.I num
times.
When
.I num
is more than
.B 1
time,
you can stop it with pushing
.RB [ Space ].
When
.I num
is
.B 0
time,
it continues forever until
.RB [ Space ]
is pushed.
The displayed sequence can be used as the key code sequence for
.B keymap
command.
.B (U)

If
.I num
is omitted,
it is regarded as
.B 1
time is specified.
.IP "\fBhash\fP [\fB\-r\fP \(bv \fIcom\fR .\|.\|.]"
Search the absolute path for
.I com
referring to
.BR PATH ,
which indicates the search path when the external command is executed,
and register the result in the hash table.

When you specify
.B \-r
instead of
.IR com ,
all the memorized hash table are discarded.
If
.I com
is omitted,
the hash table information is listed.
.BR hits ,
.BR cost ,
.B command
indicate the number of times the command has been executed,
the measure of the work required to search it in the search path,
and the absolute path for the command,
respectively.
When the command is searched in a relative directory,
it is necessary to re-search whenever the current directory is moved,
because it is not registered as the absolute path.
In such command,
.B \(**
trailing
.B hits
is displayed.
.IP "\fBhistory\fP [\fIn\fR]"
List the last
.I n
command histories with the history number.

If
.I n
is omitted,
all of the memorized command histories are listed.
.IP "\fBjobs\fP"
List the running jobs.
.B (U)
.IP "\fBkconv\fP [\fB\-i\fP \fIin\fR] [\fB\-o\fP \fIout\fR] [\fIinfile\fR [\fIoutfile\fR]]"
Read from
.I infile
and convert its Kanji code from
.I in
to
.IR out ,
and output to
.IR outfile .
In
.I in
and
.IR out ,
you can specify the string which used in the environment variable
.B FNAMEKCODE
described below.
If each of them is omitted,
it is regarded as that the Kanji code specified in compile is specified.
If
.I outfile
is omitted,
it outputs to the standard output.
If also
.I infile
is omitted,
it reads from the standard input.
.B (U)
.IP "\fBkeymap\fP [\fIc\fR [\fIstr\fR]]"
Map the sequence
.I str
as key code of the special key
.IR c .
You can use only the following identifiers as
.IR c .
.B (U)
.RS 20
.ta 0.9i 2i 2.9i
.nf
\fBUP\fP	Up	\fBDOWN\fP	Down
\fBRIGHT\fP	Right	\fBLEFT\fP	Left
\fBBEG\fP	Begin	\fBEOL\fP	Eol
\fBHOME\fP	Home	\fBEND\fP	End
\fBINS\fP	Insert	\fBDEL\fP	Delete
\fBINSLIN\fP	InsLine	\fBDELLIN\fP	DelLine
\fBPPAGE\fP	PageUp	\fBNPAGE\fP	PageDown
\fBENTER\fP	Enter	\fBBS\fP	Bs
\fBCLR\fP	Clear	\fBHELP\fP	Help
\fBPLUS\fP	+ (tenkey)	\fBMINUS\fP	- (tenkey)
\fBASTER\fP	\(** (tenkey)	\fBSLASH\fP	/ (tenkey)
\fBCOMMA\fP	, (tenkey)	\fBDOT\fP	. (tenkey)
\fBEQUAL\fP	= (tenkey)	\fBRET\fP	Return (tenkey)
\fBTK0\fP.\|.\fBTK9\fP	0-9 (tenkey)
\fBF1\fP.\|.\|.\fBF20\fP	function key
.fi
.RE

.RS
You can use the escape sequence in the key code sequence,
such as
.B \en
=0x0a and
.B \ee
=0x1b.
You can also use the octal expression,
such as
.BR \eooo .
You can describe the control character prefixing
.BR ^ ,
such as ^A.
.B ^
itself can be described as
.BR \e^ .

If
.I str
is omitted,
the key code sequence for
.I c
is displayed.
If both
.I str
and
.I c
are omitted,
all of the mappings for special keys are listed.
When you specify
.I str
as \fB"\|"\fP,
the key code mapping for
.I c
is canceled.
.RE
.IP "\fBkill\fP [\fB\-l\fP \(bv \fB\-\fP\fIsignal\fR] [\fIpid\fR \(bv \fIjob\fR .\|.\|.]"
Send the signal indicated by
.I signal
to the process indicated by the process number
.I pid
or
to the job indicated by
.IR job .
.I signal
is described as a numeric value or a signal name.

If
.I signal
is omitted,
.B SIGTERM
is send.
When you specify
.BR \-l ,
it lists the signal names which can be used as
.I signal
instead of sending a signal.
.IP "\fBlaunch\fP \fIext\fR [\fIcom\fR [\fIformat\fR [\fItop\fR \fIbottom\fR]]]"
Register the behavior for the extension
.I ext
as the launcher.
You should the macro representation quoted with \fB"\fP as
.IR com .
When you register the archive browser,
you should describe the command to list the archived files as
.IR com ,
and describe the format of the list as
.IR format .
When you describe
.I top
and
.IR bottom ,
you can specify unnecessary lines in the list as the number of lines
from the top/bottom line.
When
.I ext
starts with
.BR / ,
uppercase/lowercase is ignored in the comparison of any extension.

If
.I com
is omitted,
the launcher registration for
.I ext
is canceled.
.IP "\fBmd\fP \fIdir\fR"
.PD 0
.IP "\fBmkdir\fP \fIdir\fR"
.PD
Create the directory
.IR dir .
.B (D)
.IP "\fBprintarch\fP [\fIext\fR]"
Print the archiver commands registered for the archive file
which has the extension
.IR ext .

If
.I ext
is omitted,
all of the registered archiver commands are listed.
.IP "\fBprintbind\fP [\fIc\fR]"
Print the command binded to the key
.IR c .
You can specify the key as well as
.BR bind .

If
.I c
is omitted,
all of the registered key bindings are listed,
which is defined not as the internal command but as the command macro.
The key bindings of internal commands can be referred in
.BR HELP_MESSAGE .
.IP "\fBprintdrv\fP [\fIc\fR]"
Print the device file and the number of heads/sectors/cylinders
of the floppy drive registered for the drive name
.IR c .
.B (U)

If
.I c
is omitted,
all of the registered floppy drives are listed.
.IP "\fBprintlaunch\fP [\fIext\fR]"
Print the command macro registered as the launcher for the extension
.IR ext .
When it is registered as the archive browser,
the format for listing is also printed.

If
.I ext
is omitted,
all of the registered launchers are listed.
.IP "\fBpwd\fP"
Display the current directory with the absolute representation.
.IP "\fBread\fP [\fINAME .\|.\|.\fR]"
Read one line from the standard input
and substitute that string for the internal variable
.IR NAME .
The inputted string is separated with
.B IFS
into some words.
When multiple
.IR NAME s
are specified,
words are substituted one by one from the first of line,
and all the rest are substituted for the last
.IR NAME .
When the number of words in inputted string is less than the number of
.IR NAME ,
a null is substituted for the rest of
.IR NAME .
.IP "\fBreadonly\fP [\fINAME\fR[\fB=\fP[\fIvalue\fR]] .\|.\|.]"
Mark the internal variable
.I NAME
to be readonly.
Since then,
you cannot change the value of
.IR NAME .
When you want to define the value at the same time,
you should specify
.IR value .

If only
.B =
is specified and
.I value
is omitted,
the value of the internal variable
.I NAME
is defined as a null.
If no argument is specified,
all of the readonly internal variables are listed.
.IP "\fBrd\fP \fIdir\fR"
.PD 0
.IP "\fBrmdir\fP \fIdir\fR"
.PD
Delete the directory
.IR dir .
You cannot delete the non-empty directory.
.B (D)
.IP "\fBren\fP \fIold\fR \fInew\fR"
.PD 0
.IP "\fBrename\fP \fIold\fR \fInew\fR"
.PD
Rename the filename or the directory name
.I old
into
.IR new .
You can specify the wildcard in
.I old
and
.I new
to rename the multiple filenames all together.
.B (D)
.IP "\fBrem\fP [\fIarg\fR .\|.\|.]"
No effect,
same as
.BR : .
.B (D)
.IP "\fBreturn\fP [\fIn\fR]"
Return from a function with the return value specified by
.IR n .
If
.I n
is omitted,
the return value is the exit status of the last executed command.
It cannot be used out of a function.
.IP "\fBset\fP [\fB\-\-aefhkmntuvx\fP] [\fIarg\fR .\|.\|.]"
List internal variables and functions, without any argument.
When you specify
.IR arg ,
.I arg
is substituted for the positional parameter
.BR $1 ,
.BR $2 ,
\&.\|.\|.,
.BI $ n
in order.
When you specify any option,
each option means the following.
When you use
.B \+
instead of
.BR \- ,
the option parameter turns off each option.
.RS
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-a\fP" 5
.B Export
any internal variable automatically when it is defined.
.IP "\fB\-e\fP"
Exit immediately when any command returns the exit status except
.BR 0 .
.IP "\fB\-f\fP"
Disable the wildcard expansion.
.IP "\fB\-h\fP"
Register any command to the hash table just before it is executed.
The commands used in a function are read when it is defined,
and are registered to the hash table.
The command hash itself is always valid,
if
.B -h
option is set or not.
.IP "\fB\-k\fP"
Treat all
.IR NAME\fB=\fP [ value ]
formed arguments as the variable definition,
while they are not placed on the beginning of command line string.
.IP "\fB\-m\fP"
Enable the job control.
This option is valid by default.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB\-n\fP"
Read command inputs but don't execute them.
.IP "\fB\-t\fP"
Exit immediately after executing the current command input.
.IP "\fB\-u\fP"
Treat the reference of undefined variables as an error.
.IP "\fB\-v\fP"
Display the command inputs whenever they are read.
.IP "\fB\-x\fP"
Display the command strings whenever they are executed.
.IP "\fB\-\-\fP"
Indicate the end of options.
No flag is changed.
.PD
.RE
.IP "\fBsetdrv\fP \fIc\fR \fIdevice\fR \fIhd\fR \fIsc\fR \fIcl\fR"
Specify the device file indicated by
.I device
for the MS-DOS floppy drive named as
.IR c .
At the same time,
.IR hd ,
.IR sc ,
.I cl
are specified as the number of heads(sides)/sectors/cylinders(tracks)
in the format which is treated in the driver of
.IR device .
In special case,
when you want to treat the 640KB2DD(hd=2/sc=8/cl=80) floppy disk
with the driver which can treat only the 820KB2DD(hd=2/sc=9/cl=80) floppy disk,
you should specify the value adding
.B 100
(108) as the value of
.IR sc .
.B (U)

On the PC-UNIX environment which is worked on PC,
specifying the string
.B HDD
or
.B HDD98
instead of
.IR hd ,
.IR sc ,
.IR cl ,
can register the MS-DOS partition on the hard disk
for the PC/AT compatible machine or PC-9800 series.
In this case,
You should describe the device file
as the device name prepared per the physical drive unit
rather than the device name prepared per the partition (slice).
The MS-DOS partitions included in the drive unit
are automatically expanded to the drive name after the drive name
.IR c .
When no MS-DOS partition is included in the specified drive unit,
this command is ignored.
You can confirm what drive name is valid by
.B printdrv
command.
But any hard disk is registered as readonly, for security.
.IP "\fBshift\fP [\fIn\fR]"
Rename the positional parameters from
.BI $ n\+1
into ones from
.B $1
in order.
The original positional parameters from
.B $1
to
.BI $ n
are discarded.
If
.I n
is omitted,
it is regard as
.B 1
is specified.
.IP "\fBtest\fP [\fIexpr\fR]"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB[\fP \fIexpr\fR \fB]\fP"
.PD
Evaluate the conditional expression
.IR expr .
See
.BR test (1)
for details.
.IP "\fBtimes\fP"
Display the accumulated user and system time for the processes
which has so far been executed.
.IP "\fBtrap\fP [\fIcom\fR] [\fIn\fR .\|.\|.]"
Read and execute the command
.I com
when
.B fd
receives the signal
.IR n .
If
.I com
is omitted,
the trap for the signal is reset.
When you specify
.I com
as a null,
the signal ignored.
When you specify
.I n
as
.BR 0 ,
the command
.I com
is executed on exit.
If both
.I com
and
.I n
are omitted,
all of the registered traps are listed.
.IP "\fBtype\fP [\fIcom\fR .\|.\|.]"
Display how each
.I com
would be treated when it is used as a command name.
.IP "\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-SH\fP] [\fB\-a\fP \(bv \fB\-cdflmnstv\fP] \fIn\fR"
Set the resource limits for
.B fd
and its child processes to the value indicated by
.IR n .
You can use the string
.B unlimited
or the numeric value in
.IR n ,
.B unlimited
means the maximum specifiable value.
.B (U)

When you specify
.BR \-H ,
a hard limit is set.
When you specify
.BR \-S ,
a soft limit is set.
When you don't specify neither of them,
both limits are set.
If
.I n
is omitted,
the current limit is displayed.
When you specify
.BR \-a ,
all of the resource limits are displayed.

When you specify the following options,
the each resource limit is individually set or displayed.
If no option is specified,
it is regarded as
.B \-f
is specified.
.RS
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-c\fP" 5
maximum core file size (in blocks)
.IP "\fB\-d\fP"
maximum size of data segment (in KB)
.IP "\fB\-f\fP"
maximum file size (in blocks)
.IP "\fB\-l\fP"
maximum size of locked in memory (in KB)
.IP "\fB\-m\fP"
maximum size of resident set (in KB)
.IP "\fB\-n\fP"
maximum number of open file files
.IP "\fB\-s\fP"
maximum size of stack segment (in KB)
.IP "\fB\-t\fP"
maximum CPU time (in seconds)
.IP "\fB\-v\fP"
maximum size of virtual memory (in KB)
.PD
.RE
.IP "\fBumask\fP [\fInnn\fR]"
Set the file creation mask to
.IR nnn .
If
.I nnn
is omitted,
the current value of the file creation mask is displayed.
See
.BR umask (2)
for details.
.IP "\fBunalias\fP \fIname\fR"
Cancel the definition of the alias
.IR name .
You can use the wildcard in
.IR name ,
in this case,
all of the matched alias definitions are canceled.
When you specify "\(**",
all of the alias definitions are invalid.
.IP "\fBunset\fP [\fINAME\fR .\|.\|.]"
Delete the defined internal variable or function for each
.IR NAME .
But the following variable definition cannot be deleted.
.RS 20
.ta 1i 2i 3i
.nf
.ft B
PATH	PS1	PS2	IFS
.ft R
.fi
.RE
.IP "\fBunsetdrv\fP \fIc\fR \fIdevice\fR \fIhd\fR \fIsc\fR \fIcl\fR"
Delete the registered floppy drive.
Only the registration with which
all of
.IR device ,
.IR hd ,
.IR sc ,
.I cl
are corresponded is deleted,
then you should confirm to delete very well.
.B (U)

When it is registered as
.B HDD
or
.B HDD98
in
.BR setdrv ,
you should describe
.B HDD
or
.B HDD98
instead of
.IR hd ,
.IR sc ,
.IR cl .
.IP "\fBwait\fP [\fIpid\fR \(bv \fIjob\fR]"
Wait for the process indicated by
.I pid
or for the job indicated by
.IR job ,
and return its exit status.
If both
.I pid
and
.I job
are omitted,
the current job is waited.
.B (U)
.IP "\fICOMMAND\fR [\fIarg\fR]"
Execute the internal command
.I COMMAND
of
.BR fd .
You can describe each command identifier in
.IR COMMAND .
Some internal commands can take a parameter argument
.I arg
as the number of times or the destination directory.
.PP
.B ~
and
.B $
in the previous registration string are expanded.
But these expansions are restrained in the string quoted with
.B '
instead of \fB"\fP.
.SS Tree Screen
Since representing the whole file system in tree structure takes too many time,
only the directories which are direct ancestors
and the direct sub directories are displayed,
first in the tree screen.
In the directories which are direct ancestors,
the other sub directories (if exists)
are grouped as "\fB.\|.\|.\fP".
These grouped sub directories will be expanded automatically
when a cursor is placed on its position.

The sub directories which are not expanded yet are represented with
.RB ' > '
trailing the filename,
which shows as they are.
Such directory is never expanded until it is required to expand explicitly,
then you should expand it by the following key inputs
before moving to any hidden sub directory.

In the tree screen,
the following key inputs are available.
.PD 0
.RS
.IP "\fBUp\fP, \fBDown\fP" 10
Move a cursor.
.IP "\fBRight\fP"
Expand the sub directory on the cursor position.
.IP "\fBTab\fP"
Expand the sub directory on the cursor position recursively.
.IP "\fBPageUp\fP, \fBPageDown\fP"
Move a cursor by half screen.
.IP "\fBHome\fP(<), \fBEnd\fP(>)"
Move a cursor to the top/bottom of tree.
.IP "\fB?\fP"
Move a cursor to the current directory.
.IP "\fBBs\fP"
Move a cursor to the parent directory.
.IP "\fBLeft\fP"
Group sub directories of the directory on the cursor position,
or move a cursor to the parent directory.
.IP "\fB(\fP, \fB)\fP"
Move a cursor to the previous/next directory
among the same level sub directories.
.IP "\fBA\fP \- \fBZ\fP"
Move a cursor to the directory
whose name starts with the character or its lowercase.
.IP "\fBl\fP"
Change the directory tree into the specified directory.
Moving to the floppy drive is also available.
.IP "\fB^L\fP"
Redraw the tree structure.
.IP "\fBReturn\fP"
Select the directory.
.IP "\fBEsc\fP"
Cancel.
.RE
.PD
.PP
When directories are recursively expanded,
the machine operation is so late that it maybe seems to freeze.
In this case,
you can input any key while operating.
If key input is recognized while expanding directories,
expanding has been stopped at that moment in spite of not finishing.
Even if key repeat keeps effective,
any operation will be delayed for this function.
.SS Archive Browser
When the launcher is invoked on the position of the file
whose extension is registered to associate with an archive browser,
the archive browser screen has come.
In this screen,
you can browse files in the archive file as well as in the normal directory.
But you cannot use the following internal commands in this screen.
.PD 0
.PP
.RS
.ta 1.5i 3i 4.5i
.nf
.ft B
LOG_TOP	LOG_DIR	ATTR_FILE	COPY_FILE
MOVE_FILE	DELETE_FILE	DELETE_DIR	RENAME_FILE
MAKE_DIR	WRITE_DIR	TREE_DIR	EDIT_FILE
LOG_TREE	COPY_TREE	MOVE_TREE	FIND_DIR
SYMLINK_MODE	DOTFILE_MODE	FILEFLG_MODE	SPLIT_WINDOW
.ft R
.fi
.RE
.PD

When you want to register a new archive browser,
you must describe the format listed by the archiver
as the following representation.
One format string represents the format for 1 file in the list.
.PD 0
.PP
.RS
.ta 1i
.nf
\fB%a\fP	Field which indicates a file mode
\fB%u\fP	Field which indicates UID of a file
\fB%g\fP	Field which indicates GID of a file
\fB%s\fP	Field which indicates a file size
\fB%y\fP	Field which indicates a file creation year
\fB%m\fP	Field which indicates a file creation month
	(No concerning if numeric or alphabetical)
\fB%d\fP	Field which indicates a file creation day
\fB%t\fP	Field which indicates a file creation time
	("HH:MM:SS" form, MM and SS can be lacking)
\fB%f\fP	Field which indicates a filename
\fB%x\fP	Field which is needless (ignored)
\fB%%\fP	% itself
\fB\en\fP	Newline
\fBSpace Tab\fP 0 or more characters of spaces or tabs
.fi
.RE
.PD
.PP
In this description,
the field means the area separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.
When the string which indicates each information
is separated by these characters,
you can simply describe the above string which indicates that field.
When the string is separated by another character,
you should describe the above string with that separator.
You can describe to indicate the field length as numeric, such as
.IR %10a .
This example means that
the field which indicates a file mode consists of 10 characters.

When a field may have the different meanings according to situation,
you should describe it quoted with
.BR "{ }" ,
such as
.IR %{yt} .
This example means that
this field indicates a creation year or a creation time.
When the information for 1 file consists of multiple lines,
you should place a
.B \en
on the position of newline in the format string.

For example,
the following are the format strings for the list of some archivers.
While some spaces are used here for easiness to see,
these spaces are not always necessary
because any space between fields is ignored.
.PD 0
.IP "`\fBlha l\fP'" 18
"%9a %u/%g %s %x %m %d %{yt} %f"
.IP "`\fBlha v\fP' (MS\-DOS)"
"%f\en%s %x %x %y-%m-%d %t"
.IP "`\fBtar tvf\fP' (BSD)"
"%9a %u/%g %s %m %d %t %y %f"
.IP "`\fBtar tvf\fP' (SVR4)"
"%a %u/%g %s %m %d %t %y %f"
.PD
.PP
If you register archive browsers with above format,
in the builtin command of
.B EXECUTE_SH
or in the initial configuration file,
you can use the archive browser which is not prepared by default.
But,
if you want to execute or view files in the archive file,
you must register the archiver command for the archive file, too,
don't forget this.

On some OS,
.BR tar (1)
may output the Japanese timestamp when
.I japanese
is substituted for the environment variable
.BR LANG .
Since
.B fd
cannot analyze the representation like this,
you should describe
.I `export LANG=C'
in the initial configuration file,
or specify
.B LANG
in the description of listing command,
such as
.IR "`LANG=C tar tvf'" .
.SS Floppy Drive (U)
You can access the MS-DOS formatted floppy disk,
by representing to prefix "\fIc\fR\fB:\fP" to the directory name.
But,
it is necessary to register the floppy drive
and set the environ variable
.B DOSDRIVE
which makes this function effective, in advance.

Each registered drive is distinguished with the drive name.
You should tag the physically different drive as the different drive name.
When the same physical drive supports multiple formats,
you can register each format with the same drive name,
or the different drive name each other.
If you tag the same drive name,
the justice of the format is tried in registered order,
so that you should register the format which you often use in the first place.

Each drive of the floppy drive has the its own current directory.
The default value of this is a root directory,
and the current directory is moved back to a root directory again
whenever you change a floppy disk.
When you describe the directory name as starting with '/' after
.RB ' : ',
it means the absolute path representation of that drive.
If this '/' is not exist,
it means the relative path representation
from the current directory of that drive,
don't forget this.

Regrettably,
some internal commands like as
.BR WRITE_DIR ,
.B INFO_FILESYS
cannot support the floppy drive.
Some filenames are renamed when they are copied from UNIX
for reason of the filename length limit.

When you use a lowercase letter as the drive name,
you can access it as the floppy drive which can treat the Long File Name (LFN)
for MS-Windows formatted floppy disk.
In this case,
you can copy a file with a long filename on UNIX as it is.
But,
when the UNICODE translation table
.B fd-unicd.tbl
is not exist in the same directory as the invoked
.B fd
exists,
any Kanji filename cannot be treated as LFN representation.
Reversely,
when you use a uppercase letter as the drive name,
LFN is ignored and 8+3 formed filename is treated.
MS-DOS version inherits this specification by the case of a drive name.
.SS String Input
When you input the string, such as the pathname,
the following key inputs are available.
The kind of referred history differs with the input string required.
In the split window mode,
the current directory of another window is always placed
on the top of the pathname history.
.PD 0
.IP "\fBLeft\fP, \fBRight\fP" 10
Move a cursor.
.IP "\fBUp\fP, \fBDown\fP"
Refer the previous histories (only commands and pathnames),
or move a cursor.
.IP "\fBBeg\fP"
Move a cursor to the beginning of string.
.IP "\fBEol\fP"
Move a cursor to the end of string.
.IP "\fBIns\fP"
Switch a input method to the insert/overwrite mode.
(Default value is the insert mode.)
.IP "\fBDel\fP"
Delete a character on the cursor position.
.IP "\fBBs\fP"
Delete a character before the cursor position.
.IP "\fBDelLin\fP"
Delete a string after the cursor position.
.IP "\fBInsLin\fP"
Treat the next input character as it is,
effective to input control characters.
.IP "\fBEnter\fP"
Insert a filename of the file on the cursor position.
.IP "\fBPageUp\fP"
Convert a character on the cursor position to uppercase.
.IP "\fBPageDown\fP"
Convert a character on the cursor position to lowercase.
.IP "\fBTab\fP"
Complete a pathname on the cursor position,
or move to the next choice in the completion choice list.
When there are two or more completion choices,
inputting this some times can display the completion choice list.
.IP "\fB^L\fP"
Redraw the input string.
.IP "\fBReturn\fP"
Decide the input,
or decide the choice in the completion choice list.
.IP "\fBEsc\fP"
Cancel.
.PD
.PP
The inputted string is expanded before evaluation as following.
These expansions are also valid in the string of command macros.
But these expansions are restrained
in the string quoted with the quotation mark
.BR ' .
.IP "\fB~\fP" 8
Indicate your home directory,
when it is the beginning of filename.
.IP "\fB~\fP\fIuser\fR"
Indicate
.IR user 's
home directory,
when it is the beginning of filename.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB~FD\fP"
Indicate the directory where the invoked
.B fd
is exists,
when it is the beginning of filename.
.IP "\fB$\fP\fINAME\fR"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB}\fP"
.PD
Indicate the value of the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME .
When both are defined,
the internal variable is prior.
When both are undefined,
it is replaced a null.
The brace
.B "{ }"
separates
.I NAME
from its trailing characters.

When
.I NAME
is the following character,
it is replaced by the value substituted automatically by the shell.
.RS
.PD 0
.IP "\fB0\fP" 7
The executable filename when invoked.
.IP "[\fB1\fP\-\fB9\fP]"
The positional parameter.
.IP "\fB\(**\fP"
The all positional parameters which starts from
.BR $1 .
\fB"$\(**"\fR is replaced by \fB"$1 $2\fR .\|.\|.\fB"\fR.
.IP "\fB@\fP"
The all positional parameters which starts from
.BR $1 .
\fB"$@"\fR is replaced by \fB"$1" "$2"\fR .\|.\|. .
.IP "\fB#\fP"
The number of positional parameters.
.IP "\fB\-\fP"
The option flags which is set by options when invoked or
.B set
command.
.IP "\fB?\fP"
The exit status of the last executed command.
.IP "\fB$\fP"
The process number of the current shell.
.IP "\fB!\fP"
The process number of the last executed background process.
.PD
.RE
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB:\-\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If the value except a null is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by the value,
otherwise it is replaced by
.IR word .
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB:=\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If the value except a null is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by the value,
otherwise
.I word
is substituted for the internal variable
.IR NAME ,
and this expression itself is replaced by
.IR word .
But you cannot substitute the value for any positional parameter.
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB:?\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If the value except a null is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by the value,
otherwise
display
.I word
and exit from the shell.
If
.I word
is omitted,
the string
.RB `` "parameter null or not set" ''
is displayed in its place.
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB:\+\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If the value except a null is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by
.IR word ,
otherwise it is replaced by a null.
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB\-\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If any value is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by the value,
otherwise it is replaced by
.IR word .
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB=\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If any value is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by the value,
otherwise
.I word
is substituted for the internal variable
.IR NAME ,
and this expression itself is replaces by
.IR word .
But you cannot substitute the value for any positional parameter.
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB?\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If any value is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by the value,
otherwise
display
.I word
and exit from the shell.
If
.I word
is omitted,
the string
.RB `` "parameter null or not set" ''
is displayed in its place.
.IP "\fB${\fP\fINAME\fR\fB\+\fP\fIword\fR\fB}\fP"
If any value is substituted
for the internal variable or the environment variable
.IR NAME ,
it is replaced by
.IR word ,
otherwise it is replaced by a null.
.IP "\fB\e\fP\fIc\fR"
It indicates a character
.I c
itself.
You can use it
when you want to use the preceding meta-character
as a character with no evaluation,
such as
.B ~
or
.BR $ .
You can describe
.B \e
itself as "\fB\e\e\fP".
But,
on MS-DOS version,
because
.B \e
which is used as the pathname delimiter
must be treat as well as the normal character,
.BI % c
is expediently used in place of
.BR \e .
.PP
.PD
The following is replaced only in the shell
which is executed by
.B EXECUTE_SH
and
.BR EXECUTE_FILE .
.IP "\fB`\fP\fIlist\fR\fB`\fP" 8
.I list
is executed
and this string is replaced by its standard output.
.IP "\fB?\fP"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\(**\fP"
.IP "\fB[\fP"
.IP "\fB]\fP"
.PD
The string including these letters is pattern-matched with existent files.
When it is matched,
it is replaced by all of the matched filenames
which are sorted in alphabetical order.
.RS
.PD 0
.IP "\fB?\fP" 5
Match any single character except
.BR / .
.IP "\fB\(**\fP"
Match any 0 or more length string not including
.BR / .
.IP "\fB\(**\(**\fP"
Match any 0 or more length string including
.BR / .
.IP "\fB[\fP.\|.\|.\fB]\fP"
Match any one of the characters enclosed by
.BR "[ ]" .
When enclosed characters include
.BR \- ,
it matches any character
whose character code is between characters before/after
.BR \- .
.IP "\fB[!\fP.\|.\|.\fB]\fP"
Match any one of the characters not enclosed by
.BR "[ ]" .
.PD
.PP
But,
when the first character of the filename is
.BR . ,
.BR ? ,
.B \(**
and
.B \(**\(**
don't match it.
.RE
.SS Edit Mode
When you want to use some functions bound to special keys,
such as a cursor key or a scroll key,
such a key doesn't exist in some terminals.
In such a case,
substituting the string for the internal variable
.B EDITMODE
can make you use some control keys as alternative to these special keys.
Since this alternative key function is prior to
the key binding by the builtin command,
the key binding is invalid for the control characters
used as the alternative keys.
The prepared edit modes are the following 3 modes.
.IP "\fBemacs\fP" 8
.RS 12
.ta 0.5i 1.5i 2i 3i 3.5i
.nf
\fB^P\fP	= \fBUp\fP	\fB^A\fP	= \fBBeg\fP
\fB^N\fP	= \fBDown\fP	\fB^E\fP	= \fBEol\fP	\fB^D\fP	= \fBDel\fP
\fB^F\fP	= \fBRight\fP			\fB^Q\fP	= \fBInsLin\fP
\fB^B\fP	= \fBLeft\fP			\fB^K\fP	= \fBDelLin\fP
\fB^V\fP	= \fBPageDn\fP	\fB^Y\fP	= \fBPageUp\fP	\fB^O\fP	= \fBEnter\fP
\fB^M\fP	= \fBReturn\fP	\fB^I\fP	= \fBTab\fP	\fB^H\fP	= \fBBs\fP
\fB^[\fP	= \fBEsc\fP	\fB^G\fP	= \fBEsc\fP
.fi
.RE
.IP "\fBwordstar\fP"
.RS 12
.ta 0.5i 1.5i 2i 3i 3.5i
.nf
\fB^E\fP	= \fBUp\fP	\fB^A\fP	= \fBBeg\fP	\fB^V\fP	= \fBIns\fP
\fB^N\fP	= \fBDown\fP	\fB^F\fP	= \fBEol\fP	\fB^G\fP	= \fBDel\fP
\fB^F\fP	= \fBRight\fP	\fB^W\fP	= \fBHome\fP	\fB^]\fP	= \fBInsLin\fP
\fB^S\fP	= \fBLeft\fP	\fB^Z\fP	= \fBEnd\fP	\fB^Y\fP	= \fBDelLin\fP
\fB^C\fP	= \fBPageDn\fP	\fB^R\fP	= \fBPageUp\fP	\fB^N\fP	= \fBEnter\fP
\fB^M\fP	= \fBReturn\fP	\fB^I\fP	= \fBTab\fP	\fB^H\fP	= \fBBs\fP
\fB^[\fP	= \fBEsc\fP
.fi
.RE
.IP "\fBvi\fP"
.B vi
mode has the 2 local modes: "insert mode" and "command mode",
and the function of keys are quite different with each mode.
You are in the command mode when you start to input,
then you must input any key among 4 keys which switch to the insert mode,
in order to input normal keys.
.RS 12
.ta 0.5i 1.5i 2i 3i 3.5i
.nf
(command mode)
\fBk\fP	= \fBUp\fP	\fB0\fP	= \fBBeg\fP	\fBI\fP	= \fBIns\fP
\fBj\fP	= \fBDown\fP	\fB$\fP	= \fBEol\fP	\fBx\fP	= \fBDel\fP
\fBl\fP	= \fBRight\fP	\fBg\fP	= \fBHome\fP
\fBh\fP	= \fBLeft\fP	\fBG\fP	= \fBEnd\fP	\fBD\fP	= \fBDelLin\fP
\fB^F\fP	= \fBPageDn\fP	\fB^B\fP	= \fBPageUp\fP	\fBo\fP	= \fBEnter\fP
\fB^M\fP	= \fBReturn\fP	\fB^I\fP	= \fBTab\fP	\fB^H\fP	= \fBBs\fP
\fB^[\fP	= \fBEsc\fP
(from command mode to insert mode)
\fBi\fP, \fB:\fP	= only switch its mode
\fBa\fP	= + \fBRight\fP	\fBA\fP	= + \fBEol\fP
\fBR\fP	= overwrite
\fBr\fP	= overwrite once
(insert mode)
\fB^V\fP	= \fBInsLin\fP	\fBEsc\fP	= to command mode
.fi
.RE

.RS
This key binding is so particular
that it is not suitable for those who don't use
.B vi
editor everyday.
.RE
.SS Parameter Macros
You can use the following parameter macros in the string
which is used for the registration of command macros and for executing command.
But,
you cannot use them in the functions,
the input file for
.B source
command,
and the initial configuration file,
then you should use
.B evalmacro
command when you want to use any parameter macro in them.
.IP "\fB%C\fP" 8
The filename on the cursor position.
Or, it indicates the archive filename,
in the macro to register the archiver command.
.IP "\fB%X\fP"
The filename except its extension on the cursor position.
Or, it indicates the archive filename except its extension,
in the macro to register the archiver command.
Only the last one extension is removed.
.BR T ,
.BR TA ,
.B M
trailing
.B %X
are replaced by
.BR %T ,
.BR %TA ,
.B %M
except its extension respectively.
On MS-DOS version,
you can describe a trailing
.B S
as well as them.
.IP "\fB%P\fP"
The pathname of the current directory.
.IP "\fB%K\fP"
Prompt and return to
.B fd
after a command is finished.
But,
the meaning of
.B %K
is reverse in
.B EXECUTE_FILE
and
.BR EXECUTE_SH ;
it prompts by default and doesn't prompt if
.B %K
is specified.
You can never specify to prompt
in macros to register the archive browser of the launcher
and macros to register the archiver command.
.IP "\fB%T\fP"
List marked files separated by spaces as possible.
When files are so many that the command line exceeds
.B 1023
characters,
the rest of marked files are ignored.
.IP "\fB%TA\fP"
List marked files as well as
.BR %T ,
and repeat the same command for spilt files to complete all marked files.
.IP "\fB%M\fP"
Execute the same command as many times as marked files,
sending the marked file one by one.
It is useful to mark files by
.B MARK_FIND
and execute "mv %M %XM.bak" by
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
.IP "\fB%N\fP"
Restrain the filename addition even if the parameter is omitted.
.IP "\fB%R\fP"
Make you input the additional parameter in executing a macro,
if the length of command string has enough margin.
The cursor position in input is placed on the position of
.B %R
in a macro.
But,
.B %R
is ignored in macros to register the archive browser of the launcher,
macros to register the archiver command,
and
.BR EXECUTE_FILE ,
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
.IP "\fB%S\fP"
The 8+3 formed filename
with which the LFN formed filename on the cursor position is replaced.
You can use it
when you use external commands which can treat only 8+3 formed arguments.
.BR T ,
.BR TA ,
.B M
trailing
.B %S
can be described as well as
.BR %X .
.B (D)
.IP "\fB%JS\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into Shift JIS.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%JE\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into EUC-JP.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%J7\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into 7bit JIS.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%J8\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into 8bit JIS.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%JJ\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into ISO-2022-JP.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%JH\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into HEX.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%JC\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into CAP.
.B (U)
.IP "\fB%JU\fP"
The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro
is converted into UTF-8.
.B (U)
.PP
When no filename parameter,
such as
.B %C
and
.BR %T ,
is taken with the result to expand parameter macros in a command macro,
the filename on the cursor position is automatically added
to the last of expanded string,
as
.I ./filename
form.
This addition is not done,
in case of the input string for executing command,
or when
.B %N
macro is specified.
.SS Customize
You can customize
.fd
as the following ways.
If you specify some configuration in multiple ways overlapped,
it is prior in this order.
.RS 3
.IP "\fBExecuting builtin commands with EXECUTE_SH\fP" 10
You can execute builtin commands for each registration for
the internal variable definition,
the environment variable definition,
the alias definition,
the function definition,
the key binding,
the keymap changing,
the launcher registration,
the archiver command registration,
and the floppy drive registration.
.IP "\fBCustomizer\fP"
.B EDIT_CONFIG
command is available for
the internal variable definition,
the key binding,
the keymap changing,
the launcher registration,
the archiver command registration,
and the floppy drive registration.
.IP "\fBCommand line options\fP"
You can specify the command line options as
.RI ` \fB\-\fPNAME\fB=\fPvalue '
form,
to define the internal variables.
.IP "\fB.fd2rc\fP"
You can prepare the initial configuration file
.B .fd2rc
on your home directory,
to execute the command which is written in this file,
before the startup of
.BR fd .
You can describe builtin commands and external commands in it
to set up each configuration.
Yet,
when
.B fdsh
is invoked as a login shell,
.B .fdshrc
is read instead of
.BR .fd2rc .

The initial configuration file
.B /etc/fd2rc
which is prepared by a system administrator
is read preceding
.B .fd2rc
and
.BR .fdshrc .
If this file exists,
the initial configurations prepared by a system administrator are valid
unless you intentionally delete them in
.B .fd2rc
and
.BR .fdshrc .

(On MS-DOS version,
these filenames are
.BR $HOME\efd2.rc , " $HOME\efdsh.rc"
and
.BR ~FD\efd2rc .)
.IP "\fBEnvironment variables\fP"
Any valid variable name as the internal variable
can be valid to be defined as the environment variable in advance.
But the internal variable is always prior to the environment variable in
.BR fd .
When the same named environment variable is used in another application,
you can also use the name which
.B FD_
is prefixed to each environment variable for
.B fd
only.
This environment variable with
.B FD_
is always prior to the environment variable without it,
then the definition of the environment variable with
.B FD_
is prior to the definition of the internal variable without
.BR FD_ .
.RE
.SS Customizer
.B EDIT_CONFIG
command invokes the customizer to set up configurations interactively.
You can select the category with the right/left cursor key,
and select the item with the up/down cursor key,
and change its content with
.RB [ Return ].
When you finish to change,
exit from the customizer with
.RB [ Esc ].

The following categories are prepared.
.PD 0
.PP
.RS 3
.IP "\fBVariables\fP" 10
Change the value of internal variables.
The input method is different with the variable,
then you should input following the guidance on screen.
.IP "\fBKey bind\fP"
Change the command bound to each key.
When you newly bind a command to the key with no binding,
you should select "NewEntry".
If you select "Delete bind",
the existent key binding is deleted.
.IP "\fBKey map\fP"
Change the key code mapping for each special key.
If you push
.RB [ Esc ]
when you are prompted to push the key,
the existent key mapping is deleted.
.B (U)
.IP "\fBLauncher\fP"
Change the launcher registration for each extension.
When you newly register a launcher for the extension with no registration,
you should select "NewEntry".
If you input a null line when you input a command for the launcher,
the existent launcher registration is deleted.
.IP "\fBArchiver\fP"
Change the archiver command registration for each extension.
When you newly register a archiver command
for the extension with no registration,
you should select "NewEntry".
If you input a null line both when you input a command for pack/unpack,
the existent archiver command registration is deleted.
.IP "\fBDOS drive\fP"
Change the floppy drive registration.
When you newly register a floppy drive
for the drive name with no registration,
you should select "NewEntry".
If you input a null line when you input a device name,
the existent floppy drive registration is deleted.
.B (U)
.IP "\fBSave\fP"
Save the configurations changed with the customizer into a file,
or cancel configurations to restore to the previous state.
.RS 10
.IP Cancel 10
Cancel the changed configurations within the specified categories,
and restore to the state before the customizer is invoked.
.IP Clear
Cancel all the configurations within the specified categories,
and restore to the default state.
.IP Load
Load configurations from the specified file.
.IP Save
Save all the configurations within the specified categories
to the specified file.
.IP Overwrite
Overwrite all the configurations within the specified categories
to the specified existent file.
The original configurations which has existed in the file are parsed,
and the configuration for the same target is overwritten at the same place
as possible.
The configurations which are not set up at present
and the configurations which are not supported by the customizer
are remains as it is.
.PD
.PP
When you specify the range of categories,
all categories are selected by default,
then you should turn on/off each selection with
.RB [ Space ]
and decide with
.RB [ Return ].
.RE
.RE

If you try to exit from the customizer without saving
after changing any configuration,
you will be confirmed whether if it is right to exit without saving.
While the changed configurations themselves are valid 
even if you exit without saving,
when you want them to be valid in the next invoked
.BR fd ,
you must save them into the initial configuration file.
.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables are valid in
.BR fd .
These environment variables can be valid
if they are defined as the internal variables.
You can specify them as the command line options in
.RI ` \fB\-\fPNAME\fB=\fPvalue '
form.
But the variables followed by \(** cannot be use with the prefix
.B FD_
as the environment variables.
.IP "\fBCDPATH\fP\(**" 14
Specify the search path
when an argument of the builtin command
.B cd
does not start with
.BR / .
You can specify multiple paths separating with
.RB ' : '.
No search path is specified by default.
.IP "\fBCOMSPEC\fP\(**"
Specify the shell used to invoke a batch file.
If undefined,
the shell defined by the environment variable
.B SHELL
or \eCOMMAND.COM is used.
.B (D)
.IP "\fBCOPYCMD\fP\(**"
Specify the default options used by the builtin command
.BR copy .
.B (D)
.IP "\fBDIRCMD\fP\(**"
Specify the default options used by the builtin command
.BR dir .
.B (D)
.IP "\fBHOME\fP\(**"
Specify the default value
when no argument of the builtin command
.B cd
is specified.
When invoked as a login shell,
if this variable is specified
that directory becomes the current directory,
otherwise your home directory is automatically defined as this value.
.IP "\fBIFS\fP\(**"
Specify the internal field separators.
They are used in
.B EXECUTE_SH
to separate command and arguments.
Space, tab and newline are specified by default.
.IP "\fBPATH\fP\(**"
Specify the search path for executing external commands.
You can specify multiple paths separating with
.RB ' : '.
.IP "\fBSHELL\fP\(**"
When the filename part of this specified value is
.B rfd
or
.BR rfdsh ,
the shell becomes a restricted shell
as well as
.B \-r
option when invoked.
This variable also specify the shell which can be invoked from
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
.IP "\fBSORTTYPE\fP"
The file list in the browser screen is not sorted by default,
but placed in order registered in the directory.
This variable specify it to be sorted by default.
The following are specifiable values.
.RS 18
.ta 0.5i 1i 2i 2.5i
.nf
\fB0\fP	not sort
\fB1\fP	by filename	\fB9\fP	by filename(reverse)
\fB2\fP	by extension	\fB10\fP	by extension(reverse)
\fB3\fP	by size	\fB11\fP	by size(reverse)
\fB4\fP	by timestamp	\fB12\fP	by timestamp(reverse)
\fB5\fP	by length	\fB13\fP	by length(reverse)
\fB100-113\fP	keep the last sorted type
.fi
.RE

.RS
If you specify the value of 100-113,
it is sorted according to the value indicated by lower 2 digits
just after invoked,
the last specified sorted type is kept when moving directory.
.RE
.IP "\fBDISPLAYMODE\fP"
Specify the filename display mode of the file list when
.B fd
is invoked.
Each of the symbolic link mode,
the file type symbol mode and the dot file display mode
can be selected individually.
The default value is
.BR 0 .
The following are specifiable values.
.RS 18
.ta 0.5i 1.75i 3i
.nf
\fB0\fP	standard
\fB1\fP	SYMLINK
\fB2\fP		FILETYPE
\fB3\fP	SYMLINK &	FILETYPE
\fB4\fP			DOTFILE
\fB5\fP	SYMLINK &		DOTFILE
\fB6\fP		FILETYPE &	DOTFILE
\fB7\fP	SYMLINK &	FILETYPE &	DOTFILE
.fi
.RE

.RS
Moreover,
on the OS which supports the file flag,
if you specify the value adding
.B 8
to each value,
you can select the file flag display mode.
.RE
.IP "\fBSORTTREE\fP"
Sort directories in the tree screen.
The sorted type specified by
.B SORT_TYPE
is used,
but they can not be sorted when it is "by size" or "by timestamp".
The directory included in the current directory path
is always placed on the top of directory tree,
with no regard to the sorted type.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.IP "\fBWRITEFS\fP"
Forbid use of
.B WRITE_DIR
command.
If the value is
.BR 1 ,
the directory is written only when the command is executed intentionally,
and you are not confirmed after arranging the file order.
If the value is
.BR 2 ,
even writing by the command is invalid,
the directory writing is quite forbidden.
.IP "\fBIGNORECASE\fP"
Ignore uppercase/lowercase when filenames are compared.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.B (U)
.IP "\fBINHERITCOPY\fP"
Inherit the destination timestamp from the source timestamp
when
.B COPY_FILE
command is executed.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.B (U)

(On MS-DOS version,
the destination timestamp is always inherited,
if this variable is effective or not.)
.IP "\fBADJTTY\fP"
Reset the terminal mode forcedly to the normal state,
when
.B fd
is finished.
Invoking
.B fd
can adjust the terminal rightly from the state displaying broken characters.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.B (U)
.IP "\fBUSEGETCURSOR\fP"
Use the VT100 compatible escape sequence getting the cursor position
in order to get the terminal size.
When the screen size of
.B fd
doesn't correspond with the terminal size,
this variable can be sometimes valid.
On some terminals
which don't support the escape sequence getting the cursor position,
the operation may be stopped.
In this case,
it is continued by inputting 'R' from the keyboard.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.B (U)

And,
if this variable is ineffective,
a command line of
.B fdsh
always begins at the end of a screen.
(On MS-DOS version,
the cursor position is always gotten rightly,
if this variable is effective or not.)
.IP "\fBCOLUMNS\fP"
Specify the columns displayed in the screen when
.B fd
is invoked.
The default value is
.BR 2 .
If you specify the value except
.BR 1 ,
.BR 2 ,
.B 3
and
.BR 5 ,
it is ignored.
.IP "\fBMINFILENAME\fP"
Specify the minimum character length of filename display area
in the file list.
When the area enough to be specified here cannot be obtained,
the informations are reduced in the order of UID, GID, timestamp, size.
The default value is
.B 12
characters.
.IP "\fBHISTSIZE\fP"
Specify the maximum number of the command histories
which can be referred by
.B EXECUTE_FILE
and
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
The default value is
.BR 50 .
If this value is
.BR 0 ,
you can refer to no command history.
.IP "\fBDIRHIST\fP"
Specify the maximum number of the directory histories
which can be referred by the directory input line.
The default value is
.BR 50 .
If this value is
.BR 0 ,
you can refer to no directory history.
.IP "\fBSAVEHIST\fP"
Specify the maximum number saved to the command history file.
The default value is
.BR 50 .
If this value is
.BR 0 ,
no command history file is saved.
.IP "\fBDIRCOUNTLIMIT\fP"
Specify the maximum number of files read from the directory
in the tree screen.
When the directory trailed by
.RB ' > '
has no sub directory,
the expanded result is not changed.
If the number of files (including directories) in the directory
is within this value,
the directory with no sub directory is not trailed
.RB ' > '
from the first.
Moreover,
the file list in the directory displayed on the right of screen
is not displayed over this value.
If the value is
.BR 0 ,
you can realize a comfortable operation speed even in the slow machine.
The default value is
.B 50
files.
.IP "\fBDOSDRIVE\fP"
Validate the access function to the MS-DOS floppy.
If no floppy drive is registered,
this validation cannot make you access the floppy.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.RS

On MS-DOS version,
This definition can make you treat the LFN formed filename
in the old DOS before Ver. 6.xx.
In this case,
you don't have to register any floppy drive.
the access speed may be slow or some functions may be restricted
for the reason to operate the disk I/O not by way of OS.
.RE
.IP "\fBSECOND\fP"
Display the second in the clock of the title line.
But the clock is adjusted correctly every
.B 10
seconds,
and some gap from the real time will be occurred in this span.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.IP "\fBSIZEINFO\fP"
Display the file size information line at the top of screen.
The total size displayed here is not the sum of bytes
but the sum of disk block size occupied actually.
Any value except
.B 0
and null effects valid.
.IP "\fBANSICOLOR\fP"
Colorize the file display.
When the terminal which you use supports the color control escape sequence
of ANSI standard,
each file is displayed with color according to its file type.
If the value is
.BR 1 ,
it is colorized.
If the value is
.BR 2 ,
the background color is forced to be black,
for the case that the foreground color is the same as the background color
and indistinguishable.
If the value is
.BR 3 ,
the foreground color is forced to be black.
.IP "\fBEDITMODE\fP"
Specify the edit mode of key input as the string.
The default value is
.BR emacs .
The value except
.BR emacs ,
.B wordstar
and
.B vi
or null are specified,
any control character is not converted and will be sent as it is.
.IP "\fBTMPDIR\fP"
Specify the working directory
where the archiver command temporarily unpack files in the archive file.
The default value is
.BR /tmp .
.IP "\fBRRPATH\fP"
Display files under the directory mounted by CD-ROM,
with the pseudo ISO 9660 RockRidge Extension,
for the OS which cannot support RockRidge Extension.
You can specify multiple mount points separating with
.RB ' : '.
You are enough to specify only the top directory mounted by CD-ROM,
then the pseudo RockRidge Extension function is valid
in all of the directories under that directory.
This is no more than a pseudo extension,
which only replaces filenames according to TRANS.TBL,
and cannot handle some CD-ROM which has an inconsistent TRANS.TBL.
No mount point is specified by default.
.IP "\fBPRECEDEPATH\fP"
Specify the file preceding function,
which displays only filenames before obtaining their file informations,
for the directory which has a lot of files like as /dev.
You can specify multiple pathnames separating with
.RB ' : '.
You are enough to specify only the top directory
where you want to realize the file preceding function,
then the file preceding function is valid
in all of the directories under that directory.
When the file preceding function is effective,
any files are not sorted in that directory,
and file informations are obtained file by file while waiting the key input.
No pathname is specified by default.
.IP "\fBPS1\fP"
Specify the prompt string of input line in
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
The default value is "\fB$\fP\|\ \|".
The following escape sequences are available.
.RS 18
.ta 0.5i
.nf
\fB\eu\fP	username \fB(U)\fP
\fB\eh\fP	hostname \fB(U)\fP
\fB\eH\fP	hostname (including domain name) \fB(U)\fP
\fB\ew\fP	fullpath of current directory
\fB\e~\fP	fullpath of current directory
	(to simplify home directory with \fB~\fP)
\fB\eW\fP	current directory name
\fB\e!\fP	command history number
\fB\e$\fP	if UID is 0, a \fB#\fP, otherwise a \fB$\fP \fB(U)\fP
\fB\e[\fP	beginning of non-printing sequence
	(terminal control character, etc.)
\fB\e]\fP	ending of non-printing sequence
\fB\ee\fP	ESC (\e033)
\fB\e\fP\fIooo\fR	character indicated by the octal \fIooo\fR
\fB\e\e\fP	\e itself
.fi
.RE
.IP "\fBPS2\fP"
Specify the prompt string when more continuous input is needed in
.BR EXECUTE_SH .
The default value is "\fB>\fP\|\ \|".
.IP "\fBLANGUAGE\fP"
Specify the language for display character.
It means not only each messages displayed by
.BR fd ,
but also a Kanji code of filename to be converted.
The following is the kind of languages,
it doesn't have to be the string itself and is enough to contain the string,
the value of the environment variable
.B LANG
also can be used.
.BR JIS8 ,
.BR JUNET,
etc. among them are the Kanji codes used in Samba.
.RS 18
.ta 1.5i
.nf
\fBSJIS\fP, \fBsjis\fP	Shift JIS
\fBEUC\fP, \fBeuc\fP	EUC-JP
\fBJIS\fP, \fBjis\fP	7bit JIS
\fBJIS8\fP, \fBjis8\fP	8bit JIS
\fBJUNET\fP, \fBjunet\fP	ISO-2022-JP
\fBOJIS\fP, \fBojis\fP	7bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
\fBOJIS8\fP, \fBojis8\fP	8bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
\fBOJUNET\fP, \fBojunet\fP	ISO-2022-JP (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
\fBUTF8\fP, \fButf8\fP	UTF-8
\fBENG\fP, \fBeng\fP, \fBC\fP	English (message only)
default	no convert
.fi
.RE

.RS
(On MS-DOS version,
only the English is valid.)
.RE
.IP "\fBINPUTKCODE\fP"
Specify the Kanji code for input from keyboard.
When the value except the following is specified,
the Kanji code specified in compile is valid.
.B (U)
.RS 18
.ta 1.5i
.nf
\fBSJIS\fP, \fBsjis\fP	Shift JIS
\fBEUC\fP, \fBeuc\fP	EUC-JP
.fi
.RE
.IP "\fBFNAMEKCODE\fP"
Specify the Kanji code for filename.
Any filename is converted into the specified Kanji code
at the point of accessing the file,
then you can refer to the file which has a Kanji filename
from another machine on network which use a different Kanji code.
.BR JIS8 ,
.BR JUNET ,
.BR HEX ,
.BR CAP ,
etc. among them are the Kanji codes used in Samba.
.B (U)
.RS 18
.ta 1.5i
.nf
\fBSJIS\fP, \fBsjis\fP	Shift JIS
\fBEUC\fP, \fBeuc\fP	EUC-JP
\fBJIS\fP, \fBjis\fP	7bit JIS
\fBJIS8\fP, \fBjis8\fP	8bit JIS
\fBJUNET\fP, \fBjunet\fP	ISO-2022-JP
\fBOJIS\fP, \fBojis\fP	7bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
\fBOJIS8\fP, \fBojis8\fP	8bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
\fBOJUNET\fP, \fBojunet\fP	ISO-2022-JP (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
\fBHEX\fP, \fBhex\fP	HEX
\fBCAP\fP, \fBcap\fP	CAP
\fBUTF8\fP, \fButf8\fP	UTF-8
default	no convert
.fi
.RE
.IP "\fBSJISPATH\fP"
.PD 0
.IP "\fBEUCPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBJISPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBJIS8PATH\fP"
.IP "\fBJUNETPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBOJISPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBOJIS8PATH\fP"
.IP "\fBOJUNETPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBHEXPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBCAPPATH\fP"
.IP "\fBNOCONVPATH\fP"
.PD
Specify the Kanji code for filename per directory,
which is prior to
.BR FNAMEKCODE .
You can specify multiple pathnames separating with
.RB ' : '.
You are enough to specify only the top directory
where you want to use the Kanji code,
then you can use the Kanji code
in all of the directories under that directory.
In the directory which is described in
.BR NOCONVPATH ,
no Kanji code is converted ignoring the value of
.BR FNAMEKCODE .
No pathname is specified by default.
.B (U)
.SH MULTI LANGUAGE SUPPORT
.B fd
processes the Kanji character-set to input/output
as "EUC-JP" or "Shift JIS" according to setting in compile.
The the pathname including Kanji is displayed
in consideration for the 2nd byte character in Kanji.
You can dynamically select Kanji code to input/output
with the internal variable
.BR LANGUAGE ,
.B INPUTKCODE
and
.BR FNAMEKCODE .
You can input Kanji string with some Japanese input methods.

You can use Kanji in the command macro and the command string,
but cannot use Kanji as the value of the internal variables.
You cannot use the multibyte symbol character as the meta character,
such as
.RB ' % '
and '\fB"\fP' and so on,
Kanji character is not counted as 1 character in the wildcard search.

And when you give the non-standard Kanji code for the OS to the shell
with the parameter macro such as
.BR %JJ ,
some Kanji is converted into the code including the meta character
such as
.RB ' $ '
and
.RB ' \e '
and so on,
to cause unexpected behavior.
In that case,
you can probably avoid it by quoting the string to be converted with
.BR %' .
.SH AUTHOR
Takashi SHIRAI <shirai@nintendo.co.jp>
.br
The original "FD" for MS-DOS was created and released by
A.Idei <SDI00544@niftyserve.or.jp>
for the first time, in 1989.
.B fd
was created for UNIX from scratch following that implementation, in 1995.
.SH FILES
.PD 0
.TP 10
.B /etc/fd2rc
The systemwide initial configuration file for
.B fd
.TP
.B ~/.fd2rc
The individual initial configuration file for
.B fd
.TP
.B ~/.fdshrc
The individual initial configuration file for
.B fdsh
.TP
.B ~/.fd_history
The command history file
.TP
.B /bin/sh
The user shell when the environment variable
.B SHELL
is undefined
.TP
.B /bin/rm
The command to remove temporary files when abort
.TP
.BR /tmp/fd \(**
The temporary directory to unpack the archive file
.TP
.B fd\-unicd.tbl
The UNICODE translation table for the floppy drive,
which is installed in the same directory as the executable binary of
.B fd

.TP
.B fd2rc
The systemwide initial configuration file for
.B fd
on MS-DOS version,
which must be prepared in the same directory as the executable binary of
.B fd
.TP
.B $HOME\efd2.rc
The individual initial configuration file for
.B fd
on MS-DOS version
.TP
.B $HOME\efdsh.rc
The individual initial configuration file for
.B fdsh
on MS-DOS version
.TP
.B $HOME\efd.hst
The command history file on MS-DOS version
.PD
.SH LIMITATIONS
Words expanded from a command macro can be no longer than
.B 1023
characters.
You cannot input a string over
.B 255
characters, and it depends on also the screen size.

The maximum key bindings which you can register is
.BR 256 ,
and the maximum that with the user defined macro is
.BR 64 .
The maximum launchers which you can register is
.BR 32 ,
including archive browsers.
The maximum archive commands which you can register is
.B 16
pairs,
with pack and unpack in pairs.
These maximum values include default builtin definitions.

Some terminals cannot send the input of certain function keys and special keys.
The sequence compatible with
.B VT200
is assigned as the default sequence which is not registered in
.BR termcap (5),
and when the terminal cannot support this,
the key receipt or the screen control
due to be brought by this is not available.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR sh (1),
.BR echo (1),
.BR test (1),
.BR ls (1),
.BR rm (1),
.BR tar (1),
.BR compress (1),
.BR zcat (1),
.BR gzip (1),
.BR gunzip (1),
.BR lha (1),
.BR umask (2),
.BR termcap (5)
.SH BUGS
When files in an archive file are packed with a pathname including ".\|.",
the archive browser cannot work normally.
The symbolic links in an archive file cannot be unpacked individually.

The user interface is cheap.
.SH COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 1995-2002 by Takashi SHIRAI