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# ---
# jupyter:
# jupytext:
# text_representation:
# extension: .py
# format_name: light
# format_version: '1.5'
# jupytext_version: 1.13.6
# ---
# (demo-static-condensation)=
#
# # Static condensation of linear elasticity
#
# Copyright (C) 2020 Michal Habera and Andreas Zilian
#
# This demo solves a Cook's plane stress elasticity test in a mixed
# space formulation. The test is a sloped cantilever under upward
# traction force at free end. Static condensation of internal (stress)
# degrees-of-freedom is demonstrated.
# +
from pathlib import Path
try:
from petsc4py import PETSc
import dolfinx
if not dolfinx.has_petsc:
print("This demo requires DOLFINx to be compiled with PETSc enabled.")
exit(0)
except ModuleNotFoundError:
print("This demo requires petsc4py.")
exit(0)
from mpi4py import MPI
import cffi
import numba
import numba.core.typing.cffi_utils as cffi_support
import numpy as np
import ufl
from basix.ufl import element
from dolfinx import geometry
from dolfinx.fem import (
Form,
Function,
IntegralType,
dirichletbc,
form,
form_cpp_class,
functionspace,
locate_dofs_topological,
)
from dolfinx.fem.petsc import apply_lifting, assemble_matrix, assemble_vector
from dolfinx.io import XDMFFile
from dolfinx.jit import ffcx_jit
from dolfinx.mesh import locate_entities_boundary, meshtags
from ffcx.codegeneration.utils import numba_ufcx_kernel_signature as ufcx_signature
if np.issubdtype(PETSc.RealType, np.float32): # type: ignore
print("float32 not yet supported for this demo.")
exit(0)
infile = XDMFFile(
MPI.COMM_WORLD,
Path(Path(__file__).parent, "data", "cooks_tri_mesh.xdmf"),
"r",
encoding=XDMFFile.Encoding.ASCII,
)
msh = infile.read_mesh(name="Grid")
infile.close()
# Stress (Se) and displacement (Ue) elements
Se = element("DG", msh.basix_cell(), 1, shape=(2, 2), symmetry=True, dtype=PETSc.RealType) # type: ignore
Ue = element("Lagrange", msh.basix_cell(), 2, shape=(2,), dtype=PETSc.RealType) # type: ignore
S = functionspace(msh, Se)
U = functionspace(msh, Ue)
sigma, tau = ufl.TrialFunction(S), ufl.TestFunction(S)
u, v = ufl.TrialFunction(U), ufl.TestFunction(U)
# Locate all facets at the free end and assign them value 1. Sort the
# facet indices (requirement for constructing MeshTags)
free_end_facets = np.sort(locate_entities_boundary(msh, 1, lambda x: np.isclose(x[0], 48.0)))
mt = meshtags(msh, 1, free_end_facets, 1)
ds = ufl.Measure("ds", subdomain_data=mt)
# Homogeneous boundary condition in displacement
u_bc = Function(U)
u_bc.x.array[:] = 0
# Displacement BC is applied to the left side
left_facets = locate_entities_boundary(msh, 1, lambda x: np.isclose(x[0], 0.0))
bdofs = locate_dofs_topological(U, 1, left_facets)
bc = dirichletbc(u_bc, bdofs)
# Elastic stiffness tensor and Poisson ratio
E, nu = 1.0, 1.0 / 3.0
def sigma_u(u):
"""Constitutive relation for stress-strain. Assuming plane-stress in XY"""
eps = 0.5 * (ufl.grad(u) + ufl.grad(u).T)
sigma = E / (1.0 - nu**2) * ((1.0 - nu) * eps + nu * ufl.Identity(2) * ufl.tr(eps))
return sigma
a00 = ufl.inner(sigma, tau) * ufl.dx
a10 = -ufl.inner(sigma, ufl.grad(v)) * ufl.dx
a01 = -ufl.inner(sigma_u(u), tau) * ufl.dx
f = ufl.as_vector([0.0, 1.0 / 16])
b1 = form(-ufl.inner(f, v) * ds(1), dtype=PETSc.ScalarType) # type: ignore
# JIT compile individual blocks tabulation kernels
ufcx00, _, _ = ffcx_jit(msh.comm, a00, form_compiler_options={"scalar_type": PETSc.ScalarType}) # type: ignore
kernel00 = getattr(ufcx00.form_integrals[0], f"tabulate_tensor_{np.dtype(PETSc.ScalarType).name}") # type: ignore
ufcx01, _, _ = ffcx_jit(msh.comm, a01, form_compiler_options={"scalar_type": PETSc.ScalarType}) # type: ignore
kernel01 = getattr(ufcx01.form_integrals[0], f"tabulate_tensor_{np.dtype(PETSc.ScalarType).name}") # type: ignore
ufcx10, _, _ = ffcx_jit(msh.comm, a10, form_compiler_options={"scalar_type": PETSc.ScalarType}) # type: ignore
kernel10 = getattr(ufcx10.form_integrals[0], f"tabulate_tensor_{np.dtype(PETSc.ScalarType).name}") # type: ignore
ffi = cffi.FFI()
cffi_support.register_type(ffi.typeof("double _Complex"), numba.types.complex128)
# Get local dofmap sizes for later local tensor tabulations
Ssize = S.element.space_dimension
Usize = U.element.space_dimension
@numba.cfunc(ufcx_signature(PETSc.ScalarType, PETSc.RealType), nopython=True) # type: ignore
def tabulate_A(A_, w_, c_, coords_, entity_local_index, permutation=ffi.NULL):
"""Element kernel that applies static condensation."""
# Prepare target condensed local element tensor
A = numba.carray(A_, (Usize, Usize), dtype=PETSc.ScalarType)
# Tabulate all sub blocks locally
A00 = np.zeros((Ssize, Ssize), dtype=PETSc.ScalarType)
kernel00(ffi.from_buffer(A00), w_, c_, coords_, entity_local_index, permutation)
A01 = np.zeros((Ssize, Usize), dtype=PETSc.ScalarType)
kernel01(ffi.from_buffer(A01), w_, c_, coords_, entity_local_index, permutation)
A10 = np.zeros((Usize, Ssize), dtype=PETSc.ScalarType)
kernel10(ffi.from_buffer(A10), w_, c_, coords_, entity_local_index, permutation)
# A = - A10 * A00^{-1} * A01
A[:, :] = -A10 @ np.linalg.solve(A00, A01)
# Prepare a Form with a condensed tabulation kernel
formtype = form_cpp_class(PETSc.ScalarType) # type: ignore
cells = np.arange(msh.topology.index_map(msh.topology.dim).size_local)
integrals = {IntegralType.cell: [(-1, tabulate_A.address, cells, np.array([], dtype=np.int8))]}
a_cond = Form(formtype([U._cpp_object, U._cpp_object], integrals, [], [], False, {}, None))
A_cond = assemble_matrix(a_cond, bcs=[bc])
A_cond.assemble()
b = assemble_vector(b1)
apply_lifting(b, [a_cond], bcs=[[bc]])
b.ghostUpdate(addv=PETSc.InsertMode.ADD, mode=PETSc.ScatterMode.REVERSE) # type: ignore
bc.set(b)
uc = Function(U)
solver = PETSc.KSP().create(A_cond.getComm()) # type: ignore
solver.setOperators(A_cond)
solver.solve(b, uc.x.petsc_vec)
# Pure displacement based formulation
a = form(-ufl.inner(sigma_u(u), ufl.grad(v)) * ufl.dx)
A = assemble_matrix(a, bcs=[bc])
A.assemble()
# Create bounding box for function evaluation
bb_tree = geometry.bb_tree(msh, 2)
# Check against standard table value
p = np.array([[48.0, 52.0, 0.0]], dtype=np.float64)
cell_candidates = geometry.compute_collisions_points(bb_tree, p)
cells = geometry.compute_colliding_cells(msh, cell_candidates, p).array
uc.x.scatter_forward()
if len(cells) > 0:
value = uc.eval(p, cells[0])
print(value[1])
assert np.isclose(value[1], 23.95, rtol=1.0e-2)
# Check the equality of displacement based and mixed condensed global
# matrices, i.e. check that condensation is exact
assert np.isclose((A - A_cond).norm(), 0.0)
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