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<P>

<center>
</center>
</P>
<P>

<H1> 1. Introduction </H1>
<!--docid::SEC1::-->
<P>

FFmpeg is a very fast video and audio converter. It can also grab from
a live audio/video source.
  
The command line interface is designed to be intuitive, in the sense
that ffmpeg tries to figure out all the parameters, when
possible. You have usually to give only the target bitrate you want.
</P>
<P>

FFmpeg can also convert from any sample rate to any other, and resize
video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.
</P>
<P>

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<H1> 2. Quick Start </H1>
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<P>

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<H2> 2.1 Video and Audio grabbing </H2>
<!--docid::SEC3::-->
<P>

FFmpeg can use a video4linux compatible video source and any Open Sound
System audio source:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg /tmp/out.mpg 
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before
launching ffmpeg. You can use any TV viewer such as xawtv
(<A HREF="http://bytesex.org/xawtv/">http://bytesex.org/xawtv/</A>) by Gerd Knorr which I find very
good. You must also set correctly the audio recording levels with a
standard mixer.
</P>
<P>

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<H2> 2.2 Video and Audio file format conversion </H2>
<!--docid::SEC4::-->
<P>

* ffmpeg can use any supported file format and protocol as input: 
</P>
<P>

Examples:
</P>
<P>

* You can input from YUV files:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg 
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

It will use the files: 
<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>/tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
/tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are
raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video
decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the `<SAMP>-s</SAMP>' option
if ffmpeg cannot guess it.
</P>
<P>

* You can input from a RAW YUV420P file:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

The RAW YUV420P is a file containing RAW YUV planar, for each frame first
come the Y plane followed by U and V planes, which are half vertical and
horizontal resolution.
</P>
<P>

* You can output to a RAW YUV420P file:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi -o hugefile.yuv
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

* You can set several input files and output files:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

Convert the audio file a.wav and the raw yuv video file a.yuv
to mpeg file a.mpg
</P>
<P>

* You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

Convert the sample rate of a.wav to 22050 Hz and encode it to MPEG audio.
</P>
<P>

* You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a
mapping from input stream to output streams:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ab 64 /tmp/a.mp2 -ab 128 /tmp/b.mp2 -map 0:0 -map 0:0
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

Convert a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map
file:index' specify which input stream is used for each output
stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.
</P>
<P>

* You can transcode decrypted VOBs
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -vcodec mpeg4 -b 800 -g 300 -bf 2 -acodec mp3 -ab 128 snatch.avi
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

This is a typical DVD ripper example, input from a VOB file, output
to an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio, note that in this
command we use B frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, GOP
size is 300 that means an INTRA frame every 10 seconds for 29.97 fps
input video.  Also the audio stream is MP3 encoded so you need LAME
support which is enabled using <CODE>--enable-mp3lame</CODE> when
configuring.  The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding
to get the desired audio language.
</P>
<P>

NOTE: to see the supported input formats, use <CODE>ffmpeg -formats</CODE>.
</P>
<P>

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<H1> 3. Invocation </H1>
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<H2> 3.1 Syntax </H2>
<!--docid::SEC6::-->
<P>

The generic syntax is:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg [[infile options][`<SAMP>-i</SAMP>' <VAR>infile</VAR>]]... {[outfile options] <VAR>outfile</VAR>}...
</pre></td></tr></table>If no input file is given, audio/video grabbing is done.
<P>

As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified
file. For example, if you give the `<SAMP>-b 64</SAMP>' option, it sets the video
bitrate of the next file. Format option may be needed for raw input
files.
</P>
<P>

By default, ffmpeg tries to convert as losslessly as possible: it
uses the same audio and video parameter for the outputs as the one
specified for the inputs.
</P>
<P>

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<H2> 3.2 Main options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC7::-->
<P>

</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>-L</SAMP>'
<DD>show license
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-h</SAMP>'
<DD>show help
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-formats</SAMP>'
<DD>show available formats, codecs, protocols, ...
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-f fmt</SAMP>'
<DD>force format
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-i filename</SAMP>'
<DD>input file name
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-y</SAMP>'
<DD>overwrite output files
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-t duration</SAMP>'
<DD>set the recording time in seconds. <CODE>hh:mm:ss[.xxx]</CODE> syntax is also
supported.
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-ss position</SAMP>'
<DD>seek to given time position. <CODE>hh:mm:ss[.xxx]</CODE> syntax is also
supported.
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-title string</SAMP>'
<DD>set the title
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-author string</SAMP>'
<DD>set the author
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-copyright string</SAMP>'
<DD>set the copyright
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-comment string</SAMP>'
<DD>set the comment
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-target type</SAMP>'
<DD>specify target file type (&quot;vcd&quot;, &quot;svcd&quot;, &quot;dvd&quot;, &quot;pal-vcd&quot;, &quot;ntsc-svcd&quot;, ... ). All the format
options (bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are automatically set by this
option. You can just type:
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know they do not compromise the
standard, as in:
</P>
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-hq</SAMP>'
<DD>activate high quality settings
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-itsoffset offset</SAMP>'
<DD>set the input time offset in seconds. <CODE>[-]hh:mm:ss[.xxx]</CODE> syntax
is also supported.  This option affects all the input files that
follow it.  The offset is added to the input files' timestamps;
specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding streams are
delayed by 'offset' seconds.
<P>

</DL>
<P>

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<H2> 3.3 Video Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC8::-->
<P>

</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>-b bitrate</SAMP>'
<DD>set the video bitrate in kbit/s (default = 200 kb/s)
<DT>`<SAMP>-r fps</SAMP>'
<DD>set frame rate (default = 25)
<DT>`<SAMP>-s size</SAMP>'
<DD>set frame size. The format is `<SAMP>WxH</SAMP>' (default 160x128).  The
following abbreviations are recognized:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>sqcif</SAMP>'
<DD>128x96
<DT>`<SAMP>qcif</SAMP>'
<DD>176x144
<DT>`<SAMP>cif</SAMP>'
<DD>352x288
<DT>`<SAMP>4cif</SAMP>'
<DD>704x576
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-aspect aspect</SAMP>'
<DD>set aspect ratio (4:3, 16:9 or 1.3333, 1.7777)
<DT>`<SAMP>-croptop size</SAMP>'
<DD>set top crop band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-cropbottom size</SAMP>'
<DD>set bottom crop band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-cropleft size</SAMP>'
<DD>set left crop band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-cropright size</SAMP>'
<DD>set right crop band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-padtop size</SAMP>'
<DD>set top pad band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-padbottom size</SAMP>'
<DD>set bottom pad band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-padleft size</SAMP>'
<DD>set left pad band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-padright size</SAMP>'
<DD>set right pad band size (in pixels)
<DT>`<SAMP>-padcolor (hex color)</SAMP>'
<DD>set color of padded bands. The value for pad color is expressed 
as a six digit hexidecimal number where the first two digits represent red, 
middle two digits green and last two digits blue. Defaults to 000000 (black)
<DT>`<SAMP>-vn</SAMP>'
<DD>disable video recording
<DT>`<SAMP>-bt tolerance</SAMP>'
<DD>set video bitrate tolerance (in kbit/s)
<DT>`<SAMP>-maxrate bitrate</SAMP>'
<DD>set max video bitrate tolerance (in kbit/s)
<DT>`<SAMP>-minrate bitrate</SAMP>'
<DD>set min video bitrate tolerance (in kbit/s)
<DT>`<SAMP>-bufsize size</SAMP>'
<DD>set ratecontrol buffere size (in kbit)
<DT>`<SAMP>-vcodec codec</SAMP>'
<DD>force video codec to <VAR>codec</VAR>. Use the <CODE>copy</CODE> special value to
tell that the raw codec data must be copied as is.
<DT>`<SAMP>-sameq</SAMP>'
<DD>use same video quality as source (implies VBR)
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-pass n</SAMP>'
<DD>select the pass number (1 or 2). It is useful to do two pass
encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first pass and
the video at the exact requested bit rate is generated in the second
pass.
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-passlogfile file</SAMP>'
<DD>select two pass log file name to <VAR>file</VAR>.
<P>

</DL>
<P>

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<H2> 3.4 Advanced Video Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC9::-->
<P>

</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>-g gop_size</SAMP>'
<DD>set the group of picture size
<DT>`<SAMP>-intra</SAMP>'
<DD>use only intra frames
<DT>`<SAMP>-qscale q</SAMP>'
<DD>use fixed video quantiser scale (VBR)
<DT>`<SAMP>-qmin q</SAMP>'
<DD>min video quantiser scale (VBR)
<DT>`<SAMP>-qmax q</SAMP>'
<DD>max video quantiser scale (VBR)
<DT>`<SAMP>-qdiff q</SAMP>'
<DD>max difference between the quantiser scale (VBR)
<DT>`<SAMP>-qblur blur</SAMP>'
<DD>video quantiser scale blur (VBR)
<DT>`<SAMP>-qcomp compression</SAMP>'
<DD>video quantiser scale compression (VBR)
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-rc_init_cplx complexity</SAMP>'
<DD>initial complexity for 1-pass encoding
<DT>`<SAMP>-b_qfactor factor</SAMP>'
<DD>qp factor between p and b frames
<DT>`<SAMP>-i_qfactor factor</SAMP>'
<DD>qp factor between p and i frames
<DT>`<SAMP>-b_qoffset offset</SAMP>'
<DD>qp offset between p and b frames
<DT>`<SAMP>-i_qoffset offset</SAMP>'
<DD>qp offset between p and i frames
<DT>`<SAMP>-rc_eq equation</SAMP>'
<DD>set rate control equation (see section <A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC13">3.8 FFmpeg formula evaluator</A>). Default is <CODE>tex^qComp</CODE>.
<DT>`<SAMP>-rc_override override</SAMP>'
<DD>rate control override for specific intervals
<DT>`<SAMP>-me method</SAMP>'
<DD>set motion estimation method to <VAR>method</VAR>. Available methods are
(from lower to best quality):
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>zero</SAMP>'
<DD>Try just the (0, 0) vector.
<DT>`<SAMP>phods</SAMP>'
<DD><DT>`<SAMP>log</SAMP>'
<DD><DT>`<SAMP>x1</SAMP>'
<DD><DT>`<SAMP>epzs</SAMP>'
<DD>(default method)
<DT>`<SAMP>full</SAMP>'
<DD>exhaustive search (slow and marginally better than epzs)
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-dct_algo algo</SAMP>'
<DD>set dct algorithm to <VAR>algo</VAR>. Available values are:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>0</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_DCT_AUTO (default)
<DT>`<SAMP>1</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_DCT_FASTINT
<DT>`<SAMP>2</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_DCT_INT
<DT>`<SAMP>3</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_DCT_MMX
<DT>`<SAMP>4</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_DCT_MLIB
<DT>`<SAMP>5</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_DCT_ALTIVEC
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-idct_algo algo</SAMP>'
<DD>set idct algorithm to <VAR>algo</VAR>. Available values are:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>0</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_AUTO (default)
<DT>`<SAMP>1</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_INT          
<DT>`<SAMP>2</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_SIMPLE       
<DT>`<SAMP>3</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_SIMPLEMMX    
<DT>`<SAMP>4</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_LIBMPEG2MMX  
<DT>`<SAMP>5</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_PS2          
<DT>`<SAMP>6</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_MLIB         
<DT>`<SAMP>7</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_ARM          
<DT>`<SAMP>8</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_ALTIVEC      
<DT>`<SAMP>9</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_SH4          
<DT>`<SAMP>10</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_IDCT_SIMPLEARM    
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-er n</SAMP>'
<DD>set error resilience to <VAR>n</VAR>.
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>1</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_ER_CAREFULL (default)
<DT>`<SAMP>2</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_ER_COMPLIANT
<DT>`<SAMP>3</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_ER_AGGRESSIVE
<DT>`<SAMP>4</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_ER_VERY_AGGRESSIVE
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-ec bit_mask</SAMP>'
<DD>set error concealment to <VAR>bit_mask</VAR>. <VAR>bit_mask</VAR> is a bit mask of
the following values:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>1</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_EC_GUESS_MVS (default=enabled)
<DT>`<SAMP>2</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_EC_DEBLOCK (default=enabled)
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-bf frames</SAMP>'
<DD>use 'frames' B frames (supported for MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4)
<DT>`<SAMP>-mbd mode</SAMP>'
<DD>macroblock decision
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>0</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_MB_DECISION_SIMPLE: use mb_cmp (cannot change it yet in ffmpeg)
<DT>`<SAMP>1</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_MB_DECISION_BITS: chooses the one which needs the fewest bits
<DT>`<SAMP>2</SAMP>'
<DD>FF_MB_DECISION_RD: rate distoration
</DL>
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-4mv</SAMP>'
<DD>use four motion vector by macroblock (only MPEG-4)
<DT>`<SAMP>-part</SAMP>'
<DD>use data partitioning (only MPEG-4)
<DT>`<SAMP>-bug param</SAMP>'
<DD>workaround not auto detected encoder bugs
<DT>`<SAMP>-strict strictness</SAMP>'
<DD>how strictly to follow the standarts
<DT>`<SAMP>-aic</SAMP>'
<DD>enable Advanced intra coding (h263+)
<DT>`<SAMP>-umv</SAMP>'
<DD>enable Unlimited Motion Vector (h263+)
<P>

</P>
<DT>`<SAMP>-deinterlace</SAMP>'
<DD>deinterlace pictures
<DT>`<SAMP>-interlace</SAMP>'
<DD>force interlacing support in encoder (only MPEG-2 and MPEG-4). Use this option
if your input file is interlaced and if you want to keep the interlaced
format for minimum losses. The alternative is to deinterlace the input
stream with `<SAMP>-deinterlace</SAMP>', but deinterlacing introduces more
losses.
<DT>`<SAMP>-psnr</SAMP>'
<DD>calculate PSNR of compressed frames
<DT>`<SAMP>-vstats</SAMP>'
<DD>dump video coding statistics to `<TT>vstats_HHMMSS.log</TT>'.
<DT>`<SAMP>-vhook module</SAMP>'
<DD>insert video processing <VAR>module</VAR>. <VAR>module</VAR> contains the module
name and its parameters separated by spaces.
</DL>
<P>

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<H2> 3.5 Audio Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC10::-->
<P>

</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>-ar freq</SAMP>'
<DD>set the audio sampling freq (default = 44100 Hz)
<DT>`<SAMP>-ab bitrate</SAMP>'
<DD>set the audio bitrate in kbit/s (default = 64)
<DT>`<SAMP>-ac channels</SAMP>'
<DD>set the number of audio channels (default = 1)
<DT>`<SAMP>-an</SAMP>'
<DD>disable audio recording
<DT>`<SAMP>-acodec codec</SAMP>'
<DD>force audio codec to <VAR>codec</VAR>. Use the <CODE>copy</CODE> special value to
tell that the raw codec data must be copied as is.
</DL>
<P>

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<H2> 3.6 Audio/Video grab options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC11::-->
<P>

</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>-vd device</SAMP>'
<DD>set video grab device (e.g. `<TT>/dev/video0</TT>')
<DT>`<SAMP>-vc channel</SAMP>'
<DD>set video grab channel (DV1394 only)
<DT>`<SAMP>-tvstd standard</SAMP>'
<DD>set television standard (NTSC, PAL (SECAM))
<DT>`<SAMP>-dv1394</SAMP>'
<DD>set DV1394 grab
<DT>`<SAMP>-ad device</SAMP>'
<DD>set audio device (e.g. `<TT>/dev/dsp</TT>')
</DL>
<P>

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<H2> 3.7 Advanced options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC12::-->
<P>

</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>`<SAMP>-map file:stream</SAMP>'
<DD>set input stream mapping
<DT>`<SAMP>-debug</SAMP>'
<DD>print specific debug info
<DT>`<SAMP>-benchmark</SAMP>'
<DD>add timings for benchmarking
<DT>`<SAMP>-hex</SAMP>'
<DD>dump each input packet
<DT>`<SAMP>-bitexact</SAMP>'
<DD>only use bit exact algorithms (for codec testing)
<DT>`<SAMP>-ps size</SAMP>'
<DD>set packet size in bits
<DT>`<SAMP>-re</SAMP>'
<DD>read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device.
<DT>`<SAMP>-loop</SAMP>'
<DD>loop over the input stream. Currently it works only for image
streams. This option is used for ffserver automatic testing.
</DL>
<P>

<A NAME="FFmpeg formula evaluator"></A>
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<H2> 3.8 FFmpeg formula evaluator </H2>
<!--docid::SEC13::-->
<P>

When evaluating a rate control string, FFmpeg uses an internal formula
evaluator. 
</P>
<P>

The following binary operators are available: <CODE>+</CODE>, <CODE>-</CODE>,
<CODE>*</CODE>, <CODE>/</CODE>, <CODE>^</CODE>.
</P>
<P>

The following unary operators are available: <CODE>+</CODE>, <CODE>-</CODE>,
<CODE>(...)</CODE>.
</P>
<P>

The following functions are available:
</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><VAR>sinh(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>cosh(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>tanh(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>sin(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>cos(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>tan(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>exp(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>log(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>squish(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>gauss(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>abs(x)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>max(x, y)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>min(x, y)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>gt(x, y)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>lt(x, y)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>eq(x, y)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>bits2qp(bits)</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>qp2bits(qp)</VAR>
<DD></DL>
<P>

The following constants are available:
</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><VAR>PI</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>E</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>iTex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>pTex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>tex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>mv</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>fCode</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>iCount</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>mcVar</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>var</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>isI</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>isP</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>isB</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>avgQP</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>qComp</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>avgIITex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>avgPITex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>avgPPTex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>avgBPTex</VAR>
<DD><DT><VAR>avgTex</VAR>
<DD></DL>
<P>

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<H2> 3.9 Protocols </H2>
<!--docid::SEC14::-->
<P>

The filename can be `<TT>-</TT>' to read from the standard input or to write
to the standard output.
</P>
<P>

ffmpeg handles also many protocols specified with the URL syntax.
</P>
<P>

Use 'ffmpeg -formats' to have a list of the supported protocols.
</P>
<P>

The protocol <CODE>http:</CODE> is currently used only to communicate with
ffserver (see the ffserver documentation). When ffmpeg will be a
video player it will also be used for streaming :-)
</P>
<P>

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<H1> 4. Tips </H1>
<!--docid::SEC15::-->
<P>

<UL>
<LI>For streaming at very low bit rate application, use a low frame rate
and a small gop size. This is especially true for real video where
the Linux player does not seem to be very fast, so it can miss
frames. An example is:
<P>

<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>ffmpeg -g 3 -r 3 -t 10 -b 50 -s qcif -f rv10 /tmp/b.rm
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

</P>
<LI>The parameter 'q' which is displayed while encoding is the current
quantizer. The value of 1 indicates that a very good quality could
be achieved. The value of 31 indicates the worst quality. If q=31
too often, it means that the encoder cannot compress enough to meet
your bit rate. You must either increase the bit rate, decrease the
frame rate or decrease the frame size.
<P>

</P>
<LI>If your computer is not fast enough, you can speed up the
compression at the expense of the compression ratio. You can use
'-me zero' to speed up motion estimation, and '-intra' to disable
completely motion estimation (you have only I frames, which means it
is about as good as JPEG compression).
<P>

</P>
<LI>To have very low bitrates in audio, reduce the sampling frequency
(down to 22050 kHz for mpeg audio, 22050 or 11025 for ac3).
<P>

</P>
<LI>To have a constant quality (but a variable bitrate), use the option
'-qscale n' when 'n' is between 1 (excellent quality) and 31 (worst
quality).
<P>

</P>
<LI>When converting video files, you can use the '-sameq' option which
uses in the encoder the same quality factor than in the decoder. It
allows to be almost lossless in encoding.
<P>

</UL>
<P>

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<H1> 5. Supported File Formats and Codecs </H1>
<!--docid::SEC16::-->
<P>

You can use the <CODE>-formats</CODE> option to have an exhaustive list.
</P>
<P>

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<H2> 5.1 File Formats </H2>
<!--docid::SEC17::-->
<P>

FFmpeg supports the following file formats through the <CODE>libavformat</CODE>
library:
</P>
<P>

</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>Supported File Format </TD><TD> Encoding </TD><TD> Decoding </TD><TD> Comments</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG audio </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG1 systems </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TD><TD> muxed audio and video
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG2 PS </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TD><TD> also known as <CODE>VOB</CODE> file
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG2 TS </TD><TD>    </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TD><TD> also known as DVB Transport Stream
</TR>
<TR><TD>ASF</TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>AVI</TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>WAV</TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Macromedia Flash</TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Only embedded audio is decoded
</TR>
<TR><TD>FLV              </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Macromedia Flash video files
</TR>
<TR><TD>Real Audio and Video </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Raw AC3 </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Raw MJPEG </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Raw MPEG video </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Raw PCM8/16 bits, mulaw/Alaw</TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Raw CRI ADX audio </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>SUN AU format </TD><TD> X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>NUT </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> NUT Open Container Format</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Quicktime        </TD><TD> X </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG4            </TD><TD> X </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TD><TD> MPEG4 is a variant of Quicktime
</TR>
<TR><TD>Raw MPEG4 video  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>DV               </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>4xm              </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> 4X Technologies format, used in some games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Playstation STR  </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Id RoQ           </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Quake III, Jedi Knight 2, other computer games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Interplay MVE    </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> format used in various Interplay computer games
</TR>
<TR><TD>WC3 Movie        </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> multimedia format used in Origin's Wing Commander III computer game
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sega FILM/CPK    </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in many Sega Saturn console games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Westwood Studios VQA/AUD  </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Multimedia formats used in Westwood Studios games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Id Cinematic (.cin) </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Used in Quake II
</TR>
<TR><TD>FLIC format      </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> .fli/.flc files
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sierra VMD       </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Sierra CD-ROM games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sierra Online    </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> .sol files used in Sierra Online games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Matroska         </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<LI>Electronic Arts Multimedia    </TD><TD>    </TD><TD> X
</TD><TD> used in various EA games; files have extensions like WVE and UV2
<P>

<CODE>X</CODE> means that the encoding (resp. decoding) is supported.
</P>
<P>

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<H2> 5.2 Image Formats </H2>
<!--docid::SEC18::-->
<P>

FFmpeg can read and write images for each frame of a video sequence. The
following image formats are supported:
</P>
<P>

</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>Supported Image Format </TD><TD> Encoding </TD><TD> Decoding </TD><TD> Comments</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>PGM, PPM     </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>PAM          </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> PAM is a PNM extension with alpha support</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>PGMYUV       </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> PGM with U and V components in YUV 4:2:0</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>JPEG         </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> Progressive JPEG is not supported</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>.Y.U.V       </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> One raw file per component</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Animated GIF </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> Only uncompressed GIFs are generated</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>PNG          </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> 2 bit and 4 bit/pixel not supported yet</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>SGI          </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> X </TD><TD> SGI RGB image format</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P>

<CODE>X</CODE> means that the encoding (resp. decoding) is supported.
</P>
<P>

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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 5.3 Video Codecs </H2>
<!--docid::SEC19::-->
<P>

</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>Supported Codec </TD><TD> Encoding </TD><TD> Decoding </TD><TD> Comments</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG1 video            </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG2 video            </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG4                  </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Also known as DIVX4/5</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MSMPEG4 V1             </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MSMPEG4 V2             </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MSMPEG4 V3             </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Also known as DIVX3</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>WMV7                   </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>WMV8                   </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Not completely working</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>H.261                  </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>H.263(+)               </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Also known as Real Video 1.0</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>H.264                  </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MJPEG                  </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Lossless MJPEG         </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple MJPEG-B          </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sunplus MJPEG          </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: SP5X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>DV                     </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Huff YUV               </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>FFmpeg Video 1         </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Experimental lossless codec (fourcc: FFV1)</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>FFmpeg Snow            </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Experimental wavelet codec (fourcc: SNOW)</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Asus v1                </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: ASV1</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Asus v2                </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: ASV2</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Creative YUV           </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: CYUV</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sorenson Video 1       </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: SVQ1</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sorenson Video 3       </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: SVQ3</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>On2 VP3                </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> still experimental</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Theora                 </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> still experimental</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Intel Indeo 3          </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> only works on i386 right now</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>FLV                    </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Sorenson H.263 used in Flash</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>ATI VCR1               </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: VCR1</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>ATI VCR2               </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: VCR2</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Cirrus Logic AccuPak   </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: CLJR</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>4X Video               </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> used in certain computer games</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sony Playstation MDEC  </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Id RoQ                 </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> used in Quake III, Jedi Knight 2, other computer games</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Xan/WC3                </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> used in Wing Commander III .MVE files</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Interplay Video        </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> used in Interplay .MVE files</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple Animation        </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: 'rle '</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple Graphics         </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: 'smc '</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple Video            </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: rpza</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple QuickDraw        </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: qdrw</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Cinepak                </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Microsoft RLE          </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Microsoft Video-1      </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Westwood VQA           </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Id Cinematic Video     </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> used in Quake II</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Planar RGB             </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: 8BPS</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>FLIC video             </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Duck TrueMotion v1     </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: DUCK</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>VMD Video              </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> used in Sierra VMD files</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MSZH                   </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Part of LCL</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>ZLIB                   </TD><TD>  X  </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> Part of LCL, encoder experimental</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>TechSmith Camtasia     </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: TSCC</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>IBM Ultimotion         </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: ULTI</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Miro VideoXL           </TD><TD>     </TD><TD>  X </TD><TD> fourcc: VIXL</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P>

<CODE>X</CODE> means that the encoding (resp. decoding) is supported.
</P>
<P>

Check at <A HREF="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/~michael/codec-features.html">http://www.mplayerhq.hu/~michael/codec-features.html</A> to
get a precise comparison of FFmpeg MPEG4 codec compared to the other
solutions.
</P>
<P>

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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 5.4 Audio Codecs </H2>
<!--docid::SEC20::-->
<P>

</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>Supported Codec </TD><TD> Encoding </TD><TD> Decoding </TD><TD> Comments</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG audio layer 2     </TD><TD>  IX  </TD><TD>  IX</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MPEG audio layer 1/3   </TD><TD> IX   </TD><TD>  IX</TD>
</TD><TD> MP3 encoding is supported through the external library LAME
</TR>
<TR><TD>AC3                    </TD><TD>  IX  </TD><TD>  IX</TD>
</TD><TD> liba52 is used internally for decoding
</TR>
<TR><TD>Vorbis                 </TD><TD>  X   </TD><TD>  X</TD>
</TD><TD> supported through the external library libvorbis
</TR>
<TR><TD>WMA V1/V2              </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>AAC                    </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> supported through the external library libfaac/libfaad
</TR>
<TR><TD>Microsoft ADPCM        </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>MS IMA ADPCM           </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>QT IMA ADPCM           </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>4X IMA ADPCM           </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>G.726  ADPCM           </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Duck DK3 IMA ADPCM     </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in some Sega Saturn console games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Duck DK4 IMA ADPCM     </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in some Sega Saturn console games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Westwood Studios IMA ADPCM </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Westwood Studios games like Command and Conquer
</TR>
<TR><TD>SMJPEG IMA ADPCM       </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in certain Loki game ports
</TR>
<TR><TD>CD-ROM XA ADPCM        </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>CRI ADX ADPCM          </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Sega Dreamcast games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Electronic Arts ADPCM  </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in various EA titles
</TR>
<TR><TD>Creative ADPCM         </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>RA144                  </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Real 14400 bit/s codec
</TR>
<TR><TD>RA288                  </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Real 28800 bit/s codec
</TR>
<TR><TD>RADnet                 </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> IX</TD>
</TD><TD> Real lowbitrate AC3 codec, liba52 is used for decoding
</TR>
<TR><TD>AMR-NB                 </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> supported through an external library
</TR>
<TR><TD>AMR-WB                 </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> supported through an external library
</TR>
<TR><TD>DV audio               </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Id RoQ DPCM            </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Quake III, Jedi Knight 2, other computer games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Interplay MVE DPCM     </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in various Interplay computer games
</TR>
<TR><TD>Xan DPCM               </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Origin's Wing Commander IV AVI files
</TR>
<TR><TD>Sierra Online DPCM     </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> used in Sierra Online game audio files
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple MACE 3           </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>Apple MACE 6           </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>FLAC                   </TD><TD>      </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD>FFmpeg Sonic           </TD><TD> X    </TD><TD> X</TD>
</TD><TD> Experimental lossy/lossless codec
</TR></TABLE>
<P>

<CODE>X</CODE> means that the encoding (resp. decoding) is supported.
</P>
<P>

<CODE>I</CODE> means that an integer only version is available too (ensures highest
performances on systems without hardware floating point support).
</P>
<P>

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<H1> 6. Platform Specific information </H1>
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<P>

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<H2> 6.1 Linux </H2>
<!--docid::SEC22::-->
<P>

ffmpeg should be compiled with at least GCC 2.95.3. GCC 3.2 is the
preferred compiler now for ffmpeg. All future optimizations will depend on
features only found in GCC 3.2.
</P>
<P>

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<H2> 6.2 BSD </H2>
<!--docid::SEC23::-->
<P>

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<H2> 6.3 Windows </H2>
<!--docid::SEC24::-->
<P>

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<H3> 6.3.1 Native Windows compilation </H3>
<!--docid::SEC25::-->
<P>

<UL>
<LI>Install the current versions of MSYS and MinGW from
<A HREF="http://www.mingw.org/">http://www.mingw.org/</A>. You can find detailed installation
instructions in the download section and the FAQ.
<P>

</P>
<LI>If you want to test the FFmpeg Simple Media Player, also download
the MinGW development library of SDL 1.2.x
(`<TT>SDL-devel-1.2.x-mingw32.tar.gz</TT>') from
<A HREF="http://www.libsdl.org">http://www.libsdl.org</A>. Unpack it in a temporary place, and
unpack the archive `<TT>i386-mingw32msvc.tar.gz</TT>' in the MinGW tool
directory. Edit the `<TT>sdl-config</TT>' script so that it gives the
correct SDL directory when invoked.
<P>

</P>
<LI>Extract the current version of FFmpeg (the latest release version or the current CVS snapshot whichever is recommended).
 
<LI>Start the MSYS shell (file `<TT>msys.bat</TT>').
<P>

</P>
<LI>Change to the FFMPEG directory and follow
 the instructions of how to compile ffmpeg (file
`<TT>INSTALL</TT>'). Usually, launching `<TT>./configure</TT>' and `<TT>make</TT>'
suffices. If you have problems using SDL, verify that
`<TT>sdl-config</TT>' can be launched from the MSYS command line.
<P>

</P>
<LI>You can install FFmpeg in `<TT>Program Files/FFmpeg</TT>' by typing `<TT>make install</TT>'. Don't forget to copy `<TT>SDL.dll</TT>' at the place you launch
`<TT>ffplay</TT>'.
<P>

</UL>
<P>

Notes: 
<UL>

<LI>The target `<TT>make wininstaller</TT>' can be used to create a
Nullsoft based Windows installer for FFmpeg and FFplay. `<TT>SDL.dll</TT>'
must be copied in the ffmpeg directory in order to build the
installer.
<P>

</P>
<LI>By using <CODE>./configure --enable-shared</CODE> when configuring ffmpeg,
you can build `<TT>avcodec.dll</TT>' and `<TT>avformat.dll</TT>'. With
<CODE>make install</CODE> you install the FFmpeg DLLs and the associated
headers in `<TT>Program Files/FFmpeg</TT>'. 
<P>

</P>
<LI>Visual C++ compatibility: if you used <CODE>./configure --enable-shared</CODE>
when configuring FFmpeg, then FFmpeg tries to use the Microsoft Visual
C++ <CODE>lib</CODE> tool to build <CODE>avcodec.lib</CODE> and
<CODE>avformat.lib</CODE>. With these libraries, you can link your Visual C++
code directly with the FFmpeg DLLs.
<P>

</UL>
<P>

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<H3> 6.3.2 Cross compilation for Windows with Linux </H3>
<!--docid::SEC26::-->
<P>

You must use the MinGW cross compilation tools available at
<A HREF="http://www.mingw.org/">http://www.mingw.org/</A>.
</P>
<P>

Then configure ffmpeg with the following options:
<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>./configure --enable-mingw32 --cross-prefix=i386-mingw32msvc-
</pre></td></tr></table>(you can change the cross-prefix according to the prefix choosen for the
MinGW tools).
<P>

Then you can easily test ffmpeg with wine
(<A HREF="http://www.winehq.com/">http://www.winehq.com/</A>).
</P>
<P>

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<H2> 6.4 MacOS X </H2>
<!--docid::SEC27::-->
<P>

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<H2> 6.5 BeOS </H2>
<!--docid::SEC28::-->
<P>

The configure script should guess the configuration itself.
Networking support is currently not finished.
errno issues fixed by Andrew Bachmann.
</P>
<P>

Old stuff:
</P>
<P>

Franois Revol - revol at free dot fr - April 2002
</P>
<P>

The configure script should guess the configuration itself, 
however I still didn't tested building on net_server version of BeOS.
</P>
<P>

ffserver is broken (needs poll() implementation).
</P>
<P>

There is still issues with errno codes, which are negative in BeOs, and
that ffmpeg negates when returning. This ends up turning errors into 
valid results, then crashes.
(To be fixed)
</P>
<P>

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<H1> 7. Developers Guide </H1>
<!--docid::SEC29::-->
<P>

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<H2> 7.1 API </H2>
<!--docid::SEC30::-->
<UL>
<LI>libavcodec is the library containing the codecs (both encoding and
  decoding). See `<TT>libavcodec/apiexample.c</TT>' to see how to use it.
<P>

</P>
<LI>libavformat is the library containing the file formats handling (mux and
  demux code for several formats). See `<TT>ffplay.c</TT>' to use it in a
player. See `<TT>output_example.c</TT>' to use it to generate audio or video
streams.
<P>

</UL>
<P>

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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 7.2 Integrating libavcodec or libavformat in your program </H2>
<!--docid::SEC31::-->
<P>

You can integrate all the source code of the libraries to link them
statically to avoid any version problem. All you need is to provide a
'config.mak' and a 'config.h' in the parent directory. See the defines
generated by ./configure to understand what is needed.
</P>
<P>

You can use libavcodec or libavformat in your commercial program, but
<EM>any patch you make must be published</EM>. The best way to proceed is
to send your patches to the ffmpeg mailing list.
</P>
<P>

<A NAME="Coding Rules"></A>
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<H2> 7.3 Coding Rules </H2>
<!--docid::SEC32::-->
<P>

ffmpeg is programmed in the ISO C90 language with a few additional
features from ISO C99, namely:
<UL>
<LI>
the `<SAMP>inline</SAMP>' keyword;
<LI>
`<SAMP>//</SAMP>' comments;
<LI>
designated struct initializers (`<SAMP>struct s x = { .i = 17 };</SAMP>')
<LI>
compound literals (`<SAMP>x = (struct s) { 17, 23 };</SAMP>')
</UL>
<P>

These features are supported by all compilers we care about, so we won't
accept patches to remove their use unless they absolutely don't impair
clarity and performance.
</P>
<P>

All code must compile with gcc 2.95 and gcc 3.3. Currently, ffmpeg also
compiles with several other compilers, such as the Compaq ccc compiler
or Sun Studio 9, and we would like to keep it that way unless it would
be exceedingly involved. To ensure compatibility, please don't use any
additional C99 features or gcc extensions. Watch out especially for:
<UL>
<LI>
mixing statements and declarations;
<LI>
`<SAMP>long long</SAMP>' (use `<SAMP>int64_t</SAMP>' instead);
<LI>
`<SAMP>__attribute__</SAMP>' not protected by `<SAMP>#ifdef __GNUC__</SAMP>' or similar;
<LI>
gcc statement expressions (`<SAMP>(x = ({ int y = 4; y; })</SAMP>').
</UL>
<P>

Indent size is 4. The TAB character should not be used.
The presentation is the one specified by 'indent -i4 -kr'.
</P>
<P>

Main priority in ffmpeg is simplicity and small code size (=less
bugs).
</P>
<P>

Comments: use the JavaDoc/Doxygen 
format (see examples below) so that a documentation
can be generated automatically. All non trivial functions should have a comment
above it explaining what the function does, even if its just one sentance.
All Structures and their member variables should be documented too.
<TABLE><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example><pre>/**
* @file mpeg.c
* mpeg codec.
* @author ...
*/

/**
* Summary sentance.
* more text ...
* ...
*/
typedef struct Foobar{
  int var1; /**&lt; var1 description */
  int var2; ///&lt; var2 description
  /** var3 description */
  int var3;
} Foobar;

/**
* Summary sentance.
* more text ...
* ...
* @param my_parameter description of my_parameter
* @return return value description
*/
int myfunc(int my_parameter)
...
</pre></td></tr></table><P>

fprintf and printf are forbidden in libavformat and libavcodec, 
please use av_log() instead.
</P>
<P>

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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 7.4 Submitting patches </H2>
<!--docid::SEC33::-->
<P>

First, (see section <A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC32">7.3 Coding Rules</A>) above if you didn't yet.
</P>
<P>

When you submit your patch, try to send a unified diff (diff '-up'
option). I cannot read other diffs :-)
</P>
<P>

Run the regression tests before submitting a patch so that you can
verify that there are no big problems.
</P>
<P>

Patches should be posted as base64 encoded attachments (or any other
encoding which ensures that the patch wont be trashed during 
transmission) to the ffmpeg-devel mailinglist, see 
<A HREF="http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/ffmpeg-devel">http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/ffmpeg-devel</A>
</P>
<P>

It also helps quite a bit if you tell us what the patch does (for example
'replaces lrint by lrintf') , and why (for example '*bsd isnt c99 compliant
and has no lrint()')
</P>
<P>

We reply to all patches submitted and either apply or reject with some
explanation why, but sometimes we are quite busy so it can take a week or 2
</P>
<P>

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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 7.5 Regression tests </H2>
<!--docid::SEC34::-->
<P>

Before submitting a patch (or committing with CVS), you should at least
test that you did not break anything.
</P>
<P>

The regression test build a synthetic video stream and a synthetic
audio stream. Then these are encoded then decoded with all codecs or
formats. The CRC (or MD5) of each generated file is recorded in a
result file. Then a 'diff' is launched with the reference results and
the result file.
</P>
<P>

The regression test then goes on to test the ffserver code with a 
limited set of streams. It is important that this step runs correctly
as well.
</P>
<P>

Run 'make test' to test all the codecs and formats.
</P>
<P>

Run 'make fulltest' to test all the codecs, formats and ffserver.
</P>
<P>

[Of course, some patches may change the regression tests results. In
this case, the regression tests reference results shall be modified
accordingly].
</P>
<P>

<HR SIZE="6">
<A NAME="SEC_Contents"></A>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>Table of Contents</H1>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC1">1. Introduction</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC2" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC2">2. Quick Start</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC3" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC3">2.1 Video and Audio grabbing</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC4" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC4">2.2 Video and Audio file format conversion</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC5" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC5">3. Invocation</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC6" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC6">3.1 Syntax</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC7" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC7">3.2 Main options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC8" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC8">3.3 Video Options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC9" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC9">3.4 Advanced Video Options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC10" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC10">3.5 Audio Options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC11" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC11">3.6 Audio/Video grab options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC12" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC12">3.7 Advanced options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC13" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC13">3.8 FFmpeg formula evaluator</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC14" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC14">3.9 Protocols</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC15" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC15">4. Tips</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC16" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC16">5. Supported File Formats and Codecs</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC17" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC17">5.1 File Formats</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC18" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC18">5.2 Image Formats</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC19" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC19">5.3 Video Codecs</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC20" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC20">5.4 Audio Codecs</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC21">6. Platform Specific information</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC22" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC22">6.1 Linux</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC23" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC23">6.2 BSD</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC24" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC24">6.3 Windows</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC25" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC25">6.3.1 Native Windows compilation</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC26" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC26">6.3.2 Cross compilation for Windows with Linux</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC27" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC27">6.4 MacOS X</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC28" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC28">6.5 BeOS</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC29" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC29">7. Developers Guide</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC30" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC30">7.1 API</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC31" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC31">7.2 Integrating libavcodec or libavformat in your program</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC32" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC32">7.3 Coding Rules</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC33" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC33">7.4 Submitting patches</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC34" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC34">7.5 Regression tests</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[Index]</TD>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>Short Table of Contents</H1>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC1">1. Introduction</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC2" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC2">2. Quick Start</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC5" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC5">3. Invocation</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC15" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC15">4. Tips</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC16" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC16">5. Supported File Formats and Codecs</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC21">6. Platform Specific information</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC29" HREF="ffmpeg-doc.html#SEC29">7. Developers Guide</A>
<BR>

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